{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "基里巴斯 · العلاقات", "description": "基里巴斯。联合国席位名称为Kiribati，加入日期为1999年9月14日。", "url": "/ar/places/kiribati/relation.html", "entity": { "id": "place_un_kiribati", "type": "place", "title": "基里巴斯", "slug": "kiribati", "aliases": [ "Kiribati" ], "summary": "基里巴斯。联合国席位名称为Kiribati，加入日期为1999年9月14日。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "un-members", "title": "联合国会员国列表", "author": "维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%91%98%E5%9B%BD", "locator": "现任会员国表；2026-11-09 访问" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "基里巴斯", "author": "维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF", "locator": "开篇及正文各章节；2026-11-09 访问" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-09T13:34:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-10T23:01:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "api_token", "revision": 4, "body": "## 概况\n\n基里巴斯共和国，通称基里巴斯，是位于太平洋上的岛屿国家，分成吉尔伯特群岛、菲尼克斯群岛和莱恩群岛三大群岛，共有32个环礁及1个珊瑚岛，散布于赤道上3,800平方公里的海域，拥有世界最大的海洋保护区。“基里巴斯”这个名称源自于该国三大群岛当中最大的吉尔伯特群岛之密克罗尼西亚语音译，读作kiribas。基里巴斯是世界最不发达国家之一，在1979年脱离英国独立，目前是英联邦、世界银行和国际货币基金组织的成员，并于1999年成为联合国会员国。 基里巴斯是世界上唯一横跨东西南北半球区域的国家[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 早期\n\n约公元前3000年至公元1300年，同一语系的密克罗尼西亚群岛的人定居在现今的基里巴斯，当时并没有国家的区分，居民来自汤加、萨摩亚和斐济，带来波利尼西亚和美拉尼西亚文化[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 殖民地时期\n\n葡萄牙探险家佩德罗·费尔南德斯·德·基罗斯于1606年发现布塔里塔里环礁和马金群岛。英国人汤玛斯·吉尔伯特与约翰·马歇尔于1788年航近阿贝马马环礁、库里亚岛、阿拉努卡环礁、塔拉瓦环礁、阿拜昂环礁、布塔里塔里环礁和马金群岛，但并未登岛。1820年，俄罗斯海军上将克鲁森施滕把主岛命名为吉尔伯特群岛。法国路易·伊西多尔·迪佩雷于1824年首度画出整个群岛的地图。19世纪初，捕掠商船和奴隶商船登陆基里巴斯，并带来枪械和疾病，首名英国人在1837年登陆此岛。美国探险远征队于1841年对群岛进行测绘，并为岛上的土著绘像。以《金银岛》闻名的小说家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森于1889年在阿贝马马环礁停留两个月，认识阿贝马马国君主比诺卡，在其作品《在南海》中对其统治加以描述。 1892年吉尔伯特群岛连同埃里斯群岛成为了英国的保护地“吉尔伯特和埃利斯群岛”，由位于斐济的西太平洋最高委员会管理，并在1916年成为英国的殖民地。1919年圣诞岛和1937年菲尼克斯群岛成为英国殖民地，并入基里巴斯。 第二次世界大战期间塔拉瓦环礁和其它群岛被日军占领，1943年11月美国海军陆战队登陆，塔拉瓦战役是美国海军陆战队史上最血腥的战役之一。 基里巴斯的一些岛屿，特别是莱恩群岛，在1950至60年代被英美用作核试验场所[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 独立后\n\n吉尔伯特及埃里斯群岛在1971年成为自治区[^zhwiki]。", "url": 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