{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "科威特", "description": "科威特。联合国席位名称为Kuwait，加入日期为1963年5月14日。", "url": "/ar/places/kuwait.html", "entity": { "id": "place_un_kuwait", "type": "place", "title": "科威特", "slug": "kuwait", "aliases": [ "Kuwait" ], "summary": "科威特。联合国席位名称为Kuwait，加入日期为1963年5月14日。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "un-members", "title": "联合国会员国列表", "author": "维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%91%98%E5%9B%BD", "locator": "现任会员国表；2026-11-09 访问" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "科威特", "author": "维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E7%89%B9", "locator": "开篇及正文各章节；2026-11-09 访问" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-09T13:34:54+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-10T23:01:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "api_token", "revision": 4, "body": "## 概况\n\n科威特国（阿拉伯语：دولة الكويت），通称科威特（阿拉伯语：الكويت），是位于西亚阿拉伯半岛东北部、波斯湾西北岸的君主制国家，南部与沙特阿拉伯接壤，北部与伊拉克相邻，同伊朗隔海相望，其曾是英国的保护国，于1961年6月19日独立，在1990至1991年曾被伊拉克短暂占领。科威特石油和天然气资源储量丰富，已探明石油储量居全球第6位，因此油气出口是国民经济的重要支柱。该国首都科威特城与该国名称同名[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 史前时代\n\n在欧贝德时期（公元前六千五百年至公元前三千八百年），陶器制作工艺和青铜器制作工艺传入科威特[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 阿拉伯与大航海时代\n\n7世纪时，科威特成为阿拉伯帝国的一部分。 1521年，科威特处于葡萄牙人控制之下。1581年起，由哈利德家族统治科威特。与此同时，在16世纪后期，葡萄牙人也建立了一系列防御设施。 1613年，在今科威特城附近建立了科威特小镇[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 城市命名\n\n1705年，哈利德家族式微，科威特的一些领土被“巴尼Utbah部族（Bani；被称为库锐Guraine）”所占领与统治。巴尼Utbah部族的萨迪尔Utbah在这里建立起城镇和港口，并命名为科威特（小城堡，由kut而来，意思是堡垒，衍生自波斯文kud，意思是城市）[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 酋长建国\n\n1756年，萨巴赫家族首长萨巴赫一世（Sheikh Sabah Abu Abdullah）被举为科威特首任酋长（Amir），并建立了科威特酋长国（Heikhdom of Kuwait）[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 波斯入侵\n\n1776年，波斯桑德王朝占领巴士拉后，一部分波斯商人迁入科威特后，英国东印度公司亦将其在巴士拉之机构迁往科威特，使科威特骤形繁荣。然而为了拥有自治权，科威特必须与奥斯曼土耳其维持良好关系，甚而承认土耳其对其之宗主权。1822年英国总督从巴士拉迁至科威特[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 加入奥斯曼\n\n1871年，科威特酋长国被纳入奥斯曼帝國的势力版图中，其领土被规划在巴士拉州（现今为伊拉克的一个省份），设为一个“卡扎”，但实际上仍科威特酋长国仍保持部分自治地位。 1896年，萨巴赫家族首长穆巴拉克·萨巴赫自立为王，因担心土耳其出面干涉科威特政局，于是央请英国保护。 1897年7月，穆巴拉克·萨巴赫邀请英国部署炮艇沿科威特海岸[^zhwiki]。", "url": "/places/kuwait.html", "lang": "ar", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "placeKind": "country" }, "entities": null, "tags": [ { "id": "tag-admin-division", "slug": "admin-division", "name": "تقسيم إداري", "description": "المقاطعات والولايات والمناطق على مختلف المستويات وتطورها التاريخي.", "names": { "ar": "تقسيم إداري", "de": "Verwaltungsgliederung", "en": "Administrative division", "es": "División administrativa", "fr": "Division administrative", "hi": "प्रशासनिक विभाजन", "id": "Pembagian administratif", "it": "Divisione amministrativa", "ja": "行政区画", "ko": "행정 구역", "ms": "Bahagian pentadbiran", "nl": "Bestuurlijke indeling", "pt": "Divisão administrativa", "ru": "Административное деление", "th": "เขตการปกครอง", "tr": "İdari bölüm", "vi": "Đơn vị hành chính", "zh": "行政区划", "zh-hant": "行政區劃" }, "descriptions": { "ar": "المقاطعات والولايات والمناطق على مختلف المستويات وتطورها التاريخي.", "de": "Provinzen, Präfekturen und Kreise sowie ihre historische Entwicklung.", "en": "Provinces, prefectures and counties, with their historical evolution.", "es": "Provincias, prefecturas y condados, y su evolución histórica.", "fr": "Provinces, préfectures et comtés, et leur évolution historique.", "hi": "प्रांत, प्रीफ़ेक्चर और ज़िले तथा उनका ऐतिहासिक विकास।", "id": "Provinsi, prefektur, dan kabupaten beserta perkembangan historisnya.", "it": "Divisioni a livello provinciale, prefettizio e distrettuale e la loro evoluzione storica.", "ja": "省・地・県各級の行政区画とその歴史的沿革。", "ko": "성·지·현 각급 행정 구역과 그 역사적 연혁.", "ms": "Wilayah peringkat provinsi, prefektur dan daerah serta perkembangan sejarahnya.", "nl": "Provincies, prefecturen en districten en hun historische ontwikkeling.", "pt": "Divisões provinciais, prefeituras e condados e a sua evolução histórica.", "ru": "Провинции, округа и уезды, а также их историческое развитие.", "th": "เขตการปกครองระดับมณฑล จังหวัด และอำเภอ ตลอดจนพัฒนาการทางประวัติศาสตร์", "tr": "İl, vilayet ve ilçe düzeyindeki idari birimler ve tarihsel gelişimi.", "vi": "Các cấp tỉnh, địa khu, huyện và quá trình phát triển lịch sử.", "zh": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。", "zh-hant": "省、地、縣各級行政區及其歷史沿革。" }, "count": 39828 } ], "relations": [ { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_01_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_01", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_01", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_01", "targetTitle": "艾哈迈迪省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-01.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_02_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_02", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_02", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_02", "targetTitle": "費爾瓦尼耶省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-02.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_03_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_03", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_03", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_03", "targetTitle": "杰赫拉省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-03.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_04_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_04", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_04", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_04", "targetTitle": "科威特省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-04.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_05_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_05", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_05", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_05", "targetTitle": "哈瓦利省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-05.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_dv_kuwait_06_in", "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_06", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_un_kuwait", "role": "省", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_dv_kuwait_06", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_dv_kuwait_06", "targetTitle": "大穆巴拉克省", "targetUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-06.html", "incoming": true } ], "mentions": [ { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_01", "fromTitle": "艾哈迈迪省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-01.html", "fromType": "place" }, { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_02", "fromTitle": "費爾瓦尼耶省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-02.html", "fromType": "place" }, { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_03", "fromTitle": "杰赫拉省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-03.html", "fromType": "place" }, { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_04", "fromTitle": "科威特省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-04.html", "fromType": "place" }, { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_05", "fromTitle": "哈瓦利省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-05.html", "fromType": "place" }, { "fromId": "place_dv_kuwait_06", "fromTitle": "大穆巴拉克省", "fromUrl": "/ar/places/dv-kuwait-06.html", "fromType": "place" } ], "versions": [ { "revision": 4, "updatedAt": "2026-11-10T23:01:40+08:00", "message": "当前版本", "hasSnapshot": true, "url": "/ar/places/kuwait/at/4.html" } ], "lang": "ar", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "fallback": true, "infoFields": [ { "key": "place_kind", "label": "Place kind", "value": "Country" } ], "relationsTotal": 6, "relationCounts": [ { "relationType": "located_in", "incoming": true, "label": "Contains places", "total": 6 } ], "mentionsTotal": 6 }