{
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    {
      "id": "place_us_ny_watchtower",
      "type": "place",
      "title": "Watchtower",
      "slug": "ny-watchtower",
      "summary": "Watchtower（Watchtower）是美国纽约州下辖的城镇，人口约 2,381。",
      "status": "published",
      "categories": [
        "category-geography"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "tag-admin-division"
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "id": "geonames",
          "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)",
          "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip"
        }
      ],
      "createdAt": "2026-10-29T11:40:19+08:00",
      "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T12:49:01+08:00",
      "updatedBy": "user:admin",
      "revision": 2,
      "body": "## 概况\n\nWatchtower（Watchtower）是美国[[place_us_ny|纽约州]]，位于[[place_us_ny_ulster_county|阿尔斯特县]]境内下辖的城镇，人口约 2,381[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：41.6378, -74.2603",
      "url": "/places/ny-watchtower.html",
      "lang": "de",
      "sourceLang": "zh",
      "fallback": true,
      "availableLangs": [
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      "placeKind": "town",
      "coordinates": {
        "latitude": 41.63776,
        "longitude": -74.26027
      },
      "adminArea": "美国 · 纽约州 · Watchtower"
    }
  ],
  "title": "望楼",
  "description": "专为登高瞭望、侦察敌情与报讯而建的高层建筑，多用于古代城防、军营与庄园，是中国古代军事防御体系中的瞭望设施。",
  "url": "/de/concepts/wanglou.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "concept_wanglou",
    "type": "concept",
    "title": "望楼",
    "slug": "wanglou",
    "aliases": [
      "Watchtower"
    ],
    "summary": "专为登高瞭望、侦察敌情与报讯而建的高层建筑，多用于古代城防、军营与庄园，是中国古代军事防御体系中的瞭望设施。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-history"
    ],
    "tags": [],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "s1",
        "title": "绿釉陶望楼 - 上海博物馆",
        "url": "https://www.shanghaimuseum.net/mu/frontend/pg/m/article/id/CI00160122"
      },
      {
        "id": "s2",
        "title": "大热剧《长安十二时辰》里，竟有这些保密知识点 - 红塔区政府信息公开",
        "url": "https://www.hongta.gov.cn/htqzfxxgk/hxyh/20190917/1081504.html"
      },
      {
        "id": "s3",
        "title": "我国古代军事情报技术的发展与演变",
        "url": "https://library.ttcdw.com/uploadfiles/201610/1476023392.pdf"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-07T11:28:55+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-10T13:49:03+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 2,
    "body": "## 概念定义\n望楼是专为登高瞭望而建的高层建筑，核心功能是居高临下观察动静、侦察敌情并报讯，而非居住或游览。[^s1]又称瞭楼、哨楼，常见于城墙、要塞、军营高处，也见于庄园村寨。[^s2]与报时的钟楼、鼓楼不同，望楼首要任务是瞭望与警戒；与守城门的城楼、城墙转角的角楼相比，望楼亦不以御敌攻城为唯一职责，而以观察与传递信息见长。\n\n## 历史起源\n望楼可追溯至先秦至汉代的军事瞭望实践，春秋时已有升高观察位置搜集敌情的做法，文献记载的巢车即专供观察敌情的瞭望车。[^s3]汉代望楼较为常见，多建于城镇或庄园，汉墓出土的大量陶望楼明器正是对现实望楼的模仿。\n\n## 建筑特点\n望楼首要特点是高，楼体须高于邻近建筑与城墙，以便获得开阔视野，顶层四面开窗、设栏杆与平座，供瞭望者环顾四方。[^s1]东汉绿釉陶望楼平面作方形，分三层，二层、三层设平座，四面隐作望柱及卧棂栏杆，平座上立有扶栏远眺的人俑，反映了现实望楼的形态。\n\n## 功能与用途\n望楼的主要功能是瞭望、侦察与报讯，值守者监视敌军动向、匪情与火情，发现异常即以旗号、鼓声或派人传报通知守军与居民，使守方及早戒备。\n\n## 分布地区\n望楼分布于中国南北各地，凡有城防、边防与庄园自卫需求之处皆可见到。北方长城沿线与边塞城池的瞭望塔、烽火台与望楼相类，多建于山巅、隘口与城墙转角；中原地区的汉代庄园与城镇中望楼尤为常见，河南地区东汉中晚期墓葬出土的陶望楼即为明证。\n\n## 代表实例\n汉代绿釉陶望楼是研究望楼形制的重要实物，现藏上海博物馆，通高一百二十六厘米，陶质明器，模仿东汉时期现实中的望楼建筑。[^s1]长城沿线的瞭望塔与敌台是与望楼功能相近的城防瞭望设施，多建于险要地段，用于观察敌情与传递警报。\n\n## 文化意义\n望楼是中国古代军事防御文化与城市治理的物质见证，体现了登高望远、以高制敌的防御思想，以及古代社会依靠人力瞭望与信号传递组织防卫的方式。",
    "url": "/concepts/wanglou.html",
    "lang": "de",
    "sourceLang": "zh",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "conceptKind": "other"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 2,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-10T13:49:03+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/de/concepts/wanglou/at/2.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "de",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
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  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "concept_kind",
      "label": "Concept kind",
      "value": "Sonstiges"
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    {
      "key": "aliases",
      "label": "Aliases",
      "value": "Watchtower"
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}