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    "body": "**伯特兰·罗素**（Earl (Bertrand Arthur William) Russell，1872年5月18日—1970年2月2日）出生于特里莱赫（英国），1970年2月2日在彭希登德雷斯（英国）去世。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n罗素在剑桥大学三一学院学习数学与哲学，后任教于剑桥大学，长期从事逻辑、数学基础与社会批评，晚年积极参与反战与核裁军运动。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要成就\n\n罗素与怀特海合著《数学原理》，试图以逻辑奠定数学基础；代表作《西方哲学史》《哲学问题》等影响深远，并以人道主义思想与自由思想著称。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 获奖\n\n1950 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 伯特兰·罗素，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1950|1950 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]\n\n## 补记\n\n罗素是英国哲学家、逻辑学家与社会活动家，分析哲学的重要奠基人之一[^src-russell-wiki]；与怀特海合著《数学原理》，致力于以逻辑分析澄清哲学问题，亦以反战与社会批评闻名[^src-russell-wiki]。主要作品有《西方哲学史》《哲学问题》《心的分析》《物的分析》等[^online]。",
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