---
{
  "aliases": [
    "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"
  ],
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  "categories": [
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  "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
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    "罗贯中"
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  "lang": "de",
  "language": "中文",
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    "display": "明嘉靖元年（1522年）",
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    "year": 1522
  },
  "revision": 5,
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  "sources": [
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      "title": "Wikidata Q70806",
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    {
      "id": "zhwiki",
      "title": "三国演义（中文维基百科）",
      "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89"
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    {
      "id": "wikisource",
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    {
      "author": "中工网",
      "date": "2024-01-13",
      "id": "workercn",
      "title": "经典源远 义理流长——《三国演义》版本与文化价值谈",
      "url": "https://www.workercn.cn/c/2024-01/13/8112956.shtml"
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  "status": "published",
  "summary": "《三国演义》全称《三国志通俗演义》，是元末明初罗贯中编次的章回体长篇历史演义小说，与《水浒传》《西游记》《红楼梦》并称中国古典四大名著。全书以东汉末年至西晋统一的历史为框架，叙述魏、蜀、吴三国的兴亡，现存最早刊本是明嘉靖元年（1522年）《三国志通俗演义》，今日通行的是清初毛纶、毛宗岗评改的一百二十回本。",
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  "title": "三国演义",
  "type": "work",
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---

# 三国演义

《三国演义》全称《三国志通俗演义》，是元末明初罗贯中编次的章回体长篇历史演义小说，与《水浒传》《西游记》《红楼梦》并称中国古典四大名著。全书以东汉末年至西晋统一的历史为框架，叙述魏、蜀、吴三国的兴亡，现存最早刊本是明嘉靖元年（1522年）《三国志通俗演义》，今日通行的是清初毛纶、毛宗岗评改的一百二十回本。

## 概述

《三国演义》全称《三国志通俗演义》，是元末明初[罗贯中](/de/people/luo-guanzhong.html)编次的章回体长篇历史演义小说，与[《水浒传》](/de/works/water-margin.html)、[《西游记》](/de/works/journey-to-west.html)、[《红楼梦》](/de/works/dream-red-chamber.html)并称中国古典四大名著。全书以东汉末年至西晋统一的历史为框架，叙述魏、蜀、吴三国的兴亡，起于黄巾之乱与桃园结义，终于三国归晋。[^zhwiki][^wikidata]

## 成书与素材

宋元时期都市“说话”中已有专讲三国故事的“说三分”，金元两代演出的三国剧目达三十多种；元英宗至治年间（1321—1323）新安虞氏刊行的《全相三国志平话》已具备从桃园结义到诸葛亮之死的完整轮廓。罗贯中综合这些民间传说、戏曲与话本，依据陈寿[《三国志》](/de/works/records-three-kingdoms.html)及裴松之注、《后汉书》《资治通鉴》等史书编次成书，卷端题“晋平阳侯陈寿史传，后学罗贯中编次”。[^zhwiki][^workercn]

## 版本

现存最早刊本是明嘉靖元年（1522年）序刊本《三国志通俗演义》，学界称嘉靖本或张尚德本，全书二十四卷、二百四十则，每则立七言单句标题，一般认为最接近罗贯中的原稿。明代刊本大抵分《三国志通俗演义》与《三国志传》两大系统，前者有周曰校刊本、夷白堂刊本、夏振宇刊本等，后者以余象斗刊本等为代表，另有嘉靖二十七年（1548年）叶逢春刊本。清康熙年间，毛纶、毛宗岗父子辨正史事、增删文字，改定为一百二十回本，通称“毛本”，是今日最通行的本子。[^zhwiki][^workercn]

## 内容与写法

小说以蜀汉为正统，叙事立场偏向刘备而贬抑曹操，把史书记载与虚构情节糅合为一，清人章学诚即以“七分实事，三分虚构”概括这种据史演义的写法。书中官渡、赤壁、夷陵等战役的描写与诸葛亮、关羽、曹操、周瑜等形象流传最广，战争场面与谋略叙事历来被视为它的主要成就。[^zhwiki]

## 影响

《三国演义》深刻影响了后世的小说、戏曲与说唱，三国戏、关羽信仰和各地三国传说多由此取材。小说也传入日本、朝鲜半岛、越南等汉文文化圈，并在现代被反复改编为影视、漫画、动画与游戏作品。[^zhwiki]

## 参见

- [《三国志》](/de/works/records-three-kingdoms.html)
- [《水浒传》](/de/works/water-margin.html)
- [《西游记》](/de/works/journey-to-west.html)
- [《红楼梦》](/de/works/dream-red-chamber.html)
- [罗贯中](/de/people/luo-guanzhong.html)

更新时间：2026-10-31

## 标签


## 关系

- Depicts：[雍闿](/de/people/yong-kai-sanguo-q124423215.html) 
- Depicts：[俄何烧戈](/de/people/ehe-shaoge.html) 
- Depicts：[朱据](/de/people/zhu-ju-sanguo.html) 
- Depicts：[董和](/de/people/dong-he-sanguo-q124349495.html) 
- Depicts：[董荼那](/de/people/dongtuna.html) 
- Depicts：[兀突骨](/de/people/wutugu.html) 
- Depicts：[许靖](/de/people/xu-jing-sanguo-q124351108.html) 
- Depicts：[程秉](/de/people/cheng-bing-sanguo-q124144905.html) 
- Depicts：[貂蝉](/de/people/diaochan.html) 
- Depicts：[侯音](/de/people/sanguo.html) 
- Depicts：[刘安](/de/people/liu-an.html) 
- Depicts：[司马伷](/de/people/sima-zhou-sanguo-q124737301.html) 
- Depicts：[马休](/de/people/ma-xiu-sanguo-q124326033.html) 
- Depicts：[司马攸](/de/people/sima-you-sanguo-q124732043.html) 
- Depicts：[梁兴](/de/people/liang-xing-sanguo-q124328613.html) 
- Depicts：[朱儁](/de/people/zhu-jun-sanguo.html) 
- Depicts：[崔勇](/de/people/cui-yong.html) 
- Depicts：[崔禹](/de/people/cui-yu.html) 
- Depicts：[孙翊](/de/people/sun-yi-sanguo-q123681164.html) 
- Depicts：[张普](/de/people/zhang-pu.html) 
- Depicts：[慕容烈](/de/people/murong-lie.html) 
- Depicts：[朵思大王](/de/people/king-duosi.html) 
- Depicts：[杨奉](/de/people/yang-feng-sanguo-q123750953.html) 
- Depicts：[雷铜](/de/people/lei-tong-sanguo-q124342224.html) 
- Depicts：[蔡中](/de/people/cai-zhong.html) 
- Depicts：[杨龄](/de/people/yang-ling.html) 
- Depicts：[蔡和](/de/people/cai-he.html) 
- Depicts：[司马望](/de/people/sima-wang-sanguo-q124658100.html) 
- Depicts：[孙皎](/de/people/sun-jiao-sanguo-q124377895.html) 
- Depicts：[全琮](/de/people/quan-cong-sanguo-q124464447.html) 
- Depicts：[刘巴](/de/people/liu-ba-sanguo-q124340253.html) 
- Depicts：[何晏](/de/people/he-yan-sanguo-q124616686.html) 
- Depicts：[秦琪](/de/people/qin-qi.html) 
- Depicts：[乐綝](/de/people/yue-lin-sanguo-q124493447.html) 
- Depicts：[冯习](/de/people/feng-xi-sanguo-q124397562.html) 
- Depicts：[司马孚](/de/people/sima-fu-sanguo-q124395052.html) 
- Depicts：[王必](/de/people/sanguo-q124360423.html) 
- Depicts：[留赞](/de/people/liu-zan-sanguo.html) 
- Depicts：[石苞](/de/people/sanguo-q124654098.html) 
- Depicts：[秦庆童](/de/people/qin-qingtong.html) 
- Depicts：[秦良](/de/people/qin-liang.html) 
- Depicts：[胡渊](/de/people/hu-yuan-sanguo-q124728722.html) 
- Depicts：[荀𫖮](/de/people/xun-yi-sanguo-q124672516.html) 
- Depicts：[荀正](/de/people/xun-zheng.html) 
- Depicts：[董重](/de/people/sanguo-q123587209.html) 
- Depicts：[蒋斌](/de/people/jiang-bin-sanguo-q124665040.html) 
- Depicts：[蒋显](/de/people/jiang-xian-sanguo-q124719525.html) 
- Depicts：[薛悌](/de/people/sanguo-q124356785.html) 
- Depicts：[越吉](/de/people/yueji.html) 
- Depicts：[邯郸淳](/de/people/handan-chun-sanguo.html) 

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## 正文反向链接

- [四大名著](/de/concepts/four-great-classics.html)
- [张尚](/de/people/zhang-shang.html)
- [曹永](/de/people/cao-yong.html)
- [武安国](/de/people/wu-anguo.html)
- [金环三结](/de/people/jinhuan-sanjie.html)
- [夏侯杰](/de/people/xiahou-jie.html)
- [严政](/de/people/yan-zheng.html)
- [方悦](/de/people/fang-yue.html)
- [胡班](/de/people/hu-ban.html)
- [邢道荣](/de/people/xing-daorong.html)

## 来源

- Wikidata Q70806：https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70806 
- 三国演义（中文维基百科）：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89 
- 三国演义（维基文库）：https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9 
- 经典源远 义理流长——《三国演义》版本与文化价值谈：https://www.workercn.cn/c/2024-01/13/8112956.shtml