{
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  "description": "《庄子》是战国时期庄周及其后学的著作结集，今本三十三篇，分内篇七、外篇十五、杂篇十一，由西晋郭象删订并作注。全书以寓言为主要表达方式，文风恣肆奇幻，与《道德经》并称“老庄”，是道家思想与先秦散文的代表。",
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    "summary": "《庄子》是战国时期庄周及其后学的著作结集，今本三十三篇，分内篇七、外篇十五、杂篇十一，由西晋郭象删订并作注。全书以寓言为主要表达方式，文风恣肆奇幻，与《道德经》并称“老庄”，是道家思想与先秦散文的代表。",
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        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "庄子（中文维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E5%AD%90"
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      {
        "id": "wikisource",
        "title": "庄子（维基文库）",
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    "body": "## 概述\n\n《庄子》是战国时期庄周及其后学的著作结集，唐代以后又被尊为《南华真经》。今本三十三篇，分内篇七、外篇十五、杂篇十一，一般认为内篇出自庄周本人，外篇与杂篇成于其后学之手。全书以《逍遥游》《齐物论》最为著称。[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n\n## 篇章与成书\n\n《汉书·艺文志》著录《庄子》五十二篇，晋代有司马彪、孟氏等多家注本均据五十二篇本；西晋郭象删去其中杂伪篇章，厘定为三十三篇并作注，成为后世唯一的通行本，五十二篇本自此散佚。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 内容与写法\n\n全书以“道”为归宿，主张齐物、逍遥、养生全性，并对名利、仁义、生死提出系统质疑。它大量使用寓言、重言与卮言展开论述，构想出鲲鹏、庖丁解牛、庄周梦蝶、濠梁之辩等著名段落，是诸子散文中文学色彩最浓的一部。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 注本与研究\n\n郭象《庄子注》奠定了后世理解的基础，唐代成玄英作《庄子疏》为之疏解，陆德明《经典释文》、清代郭庆藩《庄子集释》、王先谦《庄子集解》是常用的集校集注成果。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 影响\n\n《庄子》与[[work_cn_q134425|《道德经》]]并称“老庄”，构成道家思想的核心，并对中国文学、绘画、书法与士人心态影响深远，其中的成语与典故至今沿用。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 参见\n\n- [[work_cn_q134425|《道德经》]]\n- [[work_cn_q276015|《论语》]]",
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      "id": "tag-classics",
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      "name": "Klassiker",
      "description": "Klassische Werke und Romane des vormodernen China.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "كلاسيكيات",
        "de": "Klassiker",
        "en": "Classics",
        "es": "Clásicos",
        "fr": "Classiques",
        "hi": "शास्त्रीय कृतियाँ",
        "id": "Karya klasik",
        "it": "Classici",
        "ja": "古典名著",
        "ko": "고전 명저",
        "ms": "Karya klasik",
        "nl": "Klassiekers",
        "pt": "Clássicos",
        "ru": "Классика",
        "th": "วรรณกรรมคลาสสิก",
        "tr": "Klasik eserler",
        "vi": "Tác phẩm cổ điển",
        "zh": "古典名著",
        "zh-hant": "古典名著"
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        "ar": "الأعمال الكلاسيكية والروايات في الصين ما قبل الحديثة.",
        "de": "Klassische Werke und Romane des vormodernen China.",
        "en": "Classic works and novels of pre-modern China.",
        "es": "Obras clásicas y novelas de la China premoderna.",
        "fr": "Œuvres classiques et romans de la Chine prémoderne.",
        "hi": "पूर्व-आधुनिक चीन की शास्त्रीय कृतियाँ और उपन्यास।",
        "id": "Karya klasik dan novel Tiongkok pra-modern.",
        "it": "Opere classiche e romanzi della Cina premoderna.",
        "ja": "中国古代の古典的な著作と小説。",
        "ko": "중국 고대의 고전 저술과 소설.",
        "ms": "Karya klasik dan novel China pramoden.",
        "nl": "Klassieke werken en romans uit het premoderne China.",
        "pt": "Obras clássicas e romances da China pré-moderna.",
        "ru": "Классические произведения и романы традиционного Китая.",
        "th": "วรรณกรรมและนวนิยายคลาสสิกของจีนก่อนยุคใหม่",
        "tr": "Modern öncesi Çin'in klasik eserleri ve romanları.",
        "vi": "Các tác phẩm và tiểu thuyết cổ điển của Trung Quốc tiền hiện đại.",
        "zh": "中国古代经典著作与小说。",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代經典著作與小說。"
      },
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    },
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "Das alte China",
      "description": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
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      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
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