Concepts URL: https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts-14.html - Software Architecture: SWEBOK Guide v4 makes software architecture its own knowledge area, covering architecture as a discipline, a process, and an outcome, together with description and evaluation. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-architecture.html - Software Configuration Management: Software configuration management applies configuration management throughout the software life cycle so that configuration items stay complete and correct. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-configuration-management.html - Software Construction: Software construction is the detailed creation and maintenance of software through coding, verification, unit testing, integration testing, and debugging. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-construction.html - Software Design: Software design names a discipline, a set of processes, the result of those processes, and the life-cycle stage that produces the result. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-design.html - Software Engineering Management: Software engineering management is the planning, estimating, measuring, controlling, coordinating, leading, and risk management that deliver software products and services efficiently, effectively, and to the stakeholders' benefit. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-engineering-management.html - Software Engineering Operations: Software engineering operations are the activities that deploy, operate, and support a software application or system while preserving its integrity and stability, until the software is retired. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-engineering-operations.html - Software Engineering Process: A software engineering process is the work software engineers do to build and operate software. No ideal process fits every project. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-engineering-process.html - Software Maintenance: Software maintenance is the whole of the activity by which software continues to evolve after it is in operation, in response to defects, changes in the operating environment, and new requirements. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-maintenance.html - Software Requirements: Software requirements are both a statement of the needs and constraints on a software product or project and the activities that develop and maintain those requirements. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-requirements.html - Software Testing: Software testing is the dynamic validation that a system under test shows expected behavior on a finite set of test cases selected from a usually infinite execution domain. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/software-testing.html - IEEE 标准: IEEE 标准是电气电子工程师学会发布的技术标准文献集合，涵盖通信、电力、计算与电磁兼容等领域；公开目录以 KBART 列表提供编号、题名、状态与 IEEE Xplore 题录链接。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/ieee-standards.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士: 广州自动驾驶巴士是由广州巴士集团等运营、以 L4 级自动驾驶小巴/巴士在划定区域提供公交化载客服务的示范与商业运营项目；2023 年底起规模化示范应用，技术合作方主要包括文远知行，线路覆盖黄埔、海珠、天河、南沙、越秀等区域。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-autonomous-bus.html - 广州南沙31路支线（自动驾驶）: 南沙31路支线是广州巴士集团在南沙投放自动驾驶小巴的常规公交环线，2025年报道称正式运营，起讫蕉门公交总站，全长约9公里，票价2元，配备安全员。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-nansha31-branch.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士BRT文园—棠下村环线: BRT文园—棠下村环线是文远知行与广州巴士集团推出的天河段 BRT 自动驾驶夜间便民线，单向约9公里，运营时间约21:30–22:30。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-brt-wenyuan-tangxia.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士BRT夏园—文园线: BRT夏园—文园线是广州巴士集团在黄埔区 BRT 走廊运营的自动驾驶巴士线路，2023年12月起试运行，连接 BRT 夏园站与 BRT 文园站（地铁双岗站）。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-brt-xiayuan-wenyuan.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士琶洲环线: 琶洲环线是广州巴士集团在海珠区琶洲一带运营的 L4 自动驾驶便民环线，2023年12月30日起示范应用收费，线路长约8.5公里，票价2元。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-pazhou.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士广州塔路线: 广州塔路线是广州巴士集团运营的 L4 自动驾驶便民/文旅线路，2023年12月30日起示范应用收费；途经广州塔与阅江西路一带，票价2元。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-canton-tower.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士知识城雍景湾便民线: 知识城雍景湾便民线是广州巴士集团在中新广州知识城运营的 L4 自动驾驶便民环线，2023年12月30日起示范应用收费，线路长约7.5公里，票价2元。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-yongjingwan.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士生物岛2线: 广州自动驾驶巴士生物岛2线是广州巴士集团在生物岛运营的 L4 自动驾驶便民环线，2023年12月30日起示范应用收费，线路长6公里，票价2元。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-shengwudao2.html - 广州自动驾驶巴士生物岛1线: 广州自动驾驶巴士生物岛1线是广州巴士集团运营的 L4 自动驾驶便民环线，2023年12月30日起示范应用收费，主要服务广州国际生物岛（官洲）区域，票价2元。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-robobus-shengwudao1.html - Robobus（自动驾驶巴士）: Robobus（自动驾驶巴士）指以 L4 级自动驾驶系统执行动态驾驶任务、在划定区域内按公交或微循环线路载客运营的巴士或小巴服务；与按需呼叫的 Robotaxi 不同，通常定点定线、刷卡乘车，并常配备随车安全员。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/robobus.html - Changchun Metro Line 4: Changchun Metro Line 4 is a metro line with 21 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/changchun-metro-line-4.html - XO sauce: XO sauce is a chilli condiment that emerged in Hong Kong in the 1980s and is commonly made with dried scallops, Jinhua ham, shrimp and chillies. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/xo-sauce.html - 轨道交通资阳线: 轨道交通资阳线连接成都福田与资阳北站，于2024年9月29日开通初期运营。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/chengdu-metro-line-s3.html - Line 2 (Foshan Metro): Line 2 (Foshan Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2021, 32.41 km long, with 17 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/foshan-metro-line-2.html - Paris Metro: The Paris Metro is a rapid transit system serving Paris and the Île-de-France region. It opened in 1900 and comprises 16 lines, including the 3bis and 7bis branches. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/paris-metro.html - 徐州地铁6号线: 徐州地铁6号线一期连接徐州东站与铜山中医院，2025年9月28日开通初期运营。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/xuzhou-metro-line-6.html - Line 1 (Hohhot Metro): Line 1 is a metro line in Hohhot, China. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/hohhot-metro-line-1.html - The Nobel Prize in Physics: The Nobel Prize in Physics is one of the Nobel Prizes, awarded since 1901 by decision of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nobel-prize-in-physics.html - Line 6 (Qingdao Metro): Line 6 (Qingdao Metro) is a metro line, opened on 26 April 2024, with 31 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/qingdao-metro-line-6.html - Line 11 (Beijing Subway): The western section of Beijing Subway Line 11 runs from Moshikou to Xinshougang, with four stations and 3.9 km of track following the 2023 extension. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/beijing-metro-line-11.html - 纽约地铁4号线: 纽约地铁4号线是纽约市地铁的一条快速服务线路，连接布朗克斯伍德劳恩与布鲁克林弗拉特布什大道–布鲁克林学院。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nyc-subway-4.html - 黄油年糕: 黄油年糕是一种以糯米粉和黄油制成的烘焙点心，烤后外层酥脆、内部软糯。2025年春季在中国社交媒体和烘焙市场受到关注。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/butter-rice-cake.html - Line 1 (Guangzhou Metro): Line 1 (Guangzhou Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 June 1997, 18.5 km long, with 16 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/guangzhou-metro-line-1.html - Line 9 (Shenyang Metro): Line 9 (Shenyang Metro) is a metro line, opened on 25 May 2019, 28.996 km long, with 23 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/shenyang-metro-line-9.html - New Literature in Modern China: In the context of modern Chinese literary history, “new literature” refers to literary practices formed amid social, intellectual and language changes in the early 20th century. It covers experiments in language, genres and expression; it is neither identical to vernacular writing nor a single style. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/new-literature.html - Fangshan line: Fangshan line is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2010, 31.8 km long, with 16 stations. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/beijing-metro-line-ditiefangshanxian.html - 蒙特利尔地铁: 蒙特利尔地铁是加拿大蒙特利尔市的城市轨道交通系统，由蒙特利尔交通局运营，采用橡胶轮胎列车。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/montreal-metro.html - 奶皮子糖葫芦: 奶皮子糖葫芦是在水果外包裹奶皮子并裹糖衣的糖葫芦变体。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/naipizi-tanghulu.html - The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel: The The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is one of the Nobel Prizes, awarded since 1969 and decided under the statutes of the Nobel Foundation. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/sveriges-riksbank-prize-in-economic-sciences.html - The Nobel Prize in Literature: The The Nobel Prize in Literature is one of the Nobel Prizes, awarded since 1901 and decided under the statutes of the Nobel Foundation. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nobel-prize-in-literature.html - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: The The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is one of the Nobel Prizes, awarded since 1901 and decided under the statutes of the Nobel Foundation. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine.html - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is one of the Nobel Prizes, awarded since 1901 and decided under the statutes of the Nobel Foundation. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nobel-prize-in-chemistry.html - Nobel Prize: The Nobel Prize is an annual international award created by the 1895 will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; its five original fields were first awarded in 1901, with the prize in economic sciences added in 1969. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/nobel-prize.html - Robotaxi: A robotaxi is a taxi service in which an automated driving system performs the entire dynamic driving task: passengers hail the vehicle through a mobile app and pay as for a licensed taxi. Commercial fleets at scale carry no safety driver and operate only within government-permitted areas. https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/robotaxi.html - 四大名著: 四大名著是中国古典长篇白话小说中《三国演义》《水浒传》《西游记》《红楼梦》四部的合称，也是现代最通行的中国古代小说选目。它由明代“四大奇书”之说演变而来，清乾隆年间《红楼梦》问世后取代《金瓶梅》与前三部并列，今名随现代出版传播而通行。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/four-great-classics.html - 巴西公共交通: 巴西城市公交以大型巴士网与 BRT 为骨干（Curitiba 为 BRT 发源地），六大都会区有地铁，城际客运依赖长途巴士而非铁路。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/brazil-public-transport.html - 圣保罗都市铁路（CPTM）网络: 圣保罗都会区通勤铁路网，7 条线约 260 公里，13 号线直达瓜鲁柳斯机场，与地铁在 Luz 等枢纽同网换乘。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/sao-paulo-cptm.html - 圣保罗地铁: 巴西最大、拉美最繁忙的地铁系统，1974 年开通，7 条地铁/单轨线约 98 站，与 CPTM 通勤铁路经 Luz 等枢纽一体化换乘。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/sao-paulo-metro.html - 巴西城际巴士: 铁路客运几乎为零的巴西，长途巴士与 rodoviária 汽车总站网曾是城际出行唯一选择，如今 500 公里以上航线被廉价航空大幅分流。 https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts/brazil-intercity-bus.html Page 14 / 29, 1434 total Previous: https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts-13.txt?type=concept Next: https://knowledge.ivjn.us/en/concepts-15.txt?type=concept