{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "Hot", "description": "Ranked by recent page views (last 7 days) when traffic stats exist; otherwise entries tagged hot or featured, or those with the most relations.", "url": "/en/hot-872.html", "entities": [ { "id": "organization_iraq_planning", "type": "organization", "title": "伊拉克计划部", "slug": "iraq-planning", "aliases": [ "Ministry of Planning", "伊拉克计划部" ], "summary": "伊拉克计划部是伊拉克政府主管发展规划与统计的部门，现任部长为库泰巴·哈米德·加齐，总部位于巴格达。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "src-cia-irq", "title": "Iraq — World Leaders（美国中央情报局，2026-11-02 更新）", "url": "https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/iraq/" }, { "id": "src-lwj-oct", "title": "Iraqi parliament approves most remaining cabinet appointments（长期战争杂志，2026-10-26）", "url": "https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2026/10/iraqi-parliament-approves-most-remaining-cabinet-appointments-including-iran-backed-militia-figures.php" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:47:44+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:47:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n伊拉克计划部（Ministry of Planning）是伊拉克政府主管国家发展规划、统计与发展项目协调的中央部门。\n\n## 历史沿革\n\n该部负责国家中长期发展规划与统计工作，2003年后改组。\n\n## 主要职能\n\n负责发展规划制定、统计调查、发展项目审批与协调。\n\n## 组织结构\n\n部内设规划、统计等机构；下辖中央统计局。组织结构细节未详。\n\n## 现任负责人\n\n现任部长：库泰巴·哈米德·加齐（2026年10月15日就任；此前其提名曾在2026年5月被议会否决，10月再次提名获批）。\n\n## 总部与联系方式\n\n总部位于伊拉克巴格达；具体地址与联系方式未详。\n\n## 来源\n\n详见本条目来源列表。", "url": "/organizations/iraq-planning.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府机构" }, { "id": "organization_iran_petroleum", "type": "organization", "title": "伊朗石油部", "slug": "iran-petroleum", "aliases": [ "Ministry of Petroleum", "伊朗石油部" ], "summary": "伊朗石油部是伊朗政府主管石油与天然气产业的部门，现任部长为穆赫辛·帕克内贾德，总部位于德黑兰。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "src-cia-irn", "title": "Iran — World Leaders（美国中央情报局）", "url": "https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/iran/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:46:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:46:49+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n伊朗石油部（Ministry of Petroleum）是伊朗政府主管石油与天然气勘探、生产与出口的中央部门。\n\n## 历史沿革\n\n该部管理伊朗国家石油公司等国有能源企业，伊朗是石油输出国组织（欧佩克）创始成员国之一。\n\n## 主要职能\n\n负责油气勘探开发、炼化、出口政策与国际能源合作。\n\n## 组织结构\n\n部内设油气勘探、生产等机构；下辖伊朗国家石油公司、国家天然气公司等企业。组织结构细节未详。\n\n## 现任负责人\n\n现任部长：穆赫辛·帕克内贾德（2024年8月就任，佩泽什基安内阁）。\n\n## 总部与联系方式\n\n总部位于伊朗德黑兰；具体地址与联系方式未详。\n\n## 来源\n\n详见本条目来源列表。", "url": "/organizations/iran-petroleum.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府机构" }, { "id": "person_issam_al_khalif", "type": "person", "title": "伊萨姆·哈利夫", "slug": "issam-al-khalif", "aliases": [ "Issam al-Khalif", "Issam Khaled Al-Khalif" ], "summary": "叙利亚最高宪法法院院长（2026年7月11日就任），叙利亚最高司法负责人。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "叙利亚重组后的最高宪法法院寻求公众信任（《阿拉伯新闻》）", "url": "https://www.arabnews.com/middle-east/syrias-reformed-supreme-court-seeking-public-confidence-2653272" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "叙利亚过渡政府内阁（英文维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Syria)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:43:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:43:01+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "伊萨姆·哈利夫（Issam al-Khalif），叙利亚法学家，现任最高宪法法院院长，是过渡时期叙利亚最高司法负责人。[^s1][^s2]\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n出生年份与教育经历未详。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n2026年7月7日，总统沙拉以第149号立法法令任命其为重组后的最高宪法法院院长，并任命其余六名法官；7月11日，七名法官在总统府宣誓就职。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n最高宪法法院是叙利亚最高司法机关，负责解释《宪法宣言》、对法律和法规进行合宪性审查、裁决国家各权力机关之间的争议。哈利夫表示，法院的首要任务之一是审议规范其职能与管辖权的法律草案，并致力于增强公众对司法制度的信任。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n2026年7月11日起任叙利亚最高宪法法院院长。\n\n## 来源\n\n- 叙利亚重组后的最高宪法法院寻求公众信任（《阿拉伯新闻》）\n- 叙利亚过渡政府内阁（英文维基百科）", "url": "/people/issam-al-khalif.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "叙利亚最高宪法法院院长" ] }, { "id": "person_helen_winkelmann", "type": "person", "title": "海伦·温克尔曼", "slug": "helen-winkelmann", "aliases": [ "Helen Winkelmann", "Dame Helen Winkelmann" ], "summary": "海伦·温克尔曼是新西兰首席大法官，2019年3月14日起任职，是新西兰第二位女性首席大法官。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "新西兰优先顺序 - 维基百科", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_New_Zealand" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "新西兰政治 - 维基百科", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Politics_of_New_Zealand" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:27:05+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:27:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n海伦·温克尔曼是新西兰首席大法官，2019年3月14日起任职，是新西兰第二位女性首席大法官。 [^s1]\n\n## 早年与教育\n1962年生于奥克兰，毕业于奥克兰大学，获法学学位。进入司法界前为商业律师。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n2004年起任高等法院法官，2010年起任上诉法院法官。2019年3月14日起任首席大法官，兼任最高法院首席法官。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n任首席大法官期间主持最高法院工作，并在总督缺位时担任政府行政长官；推动司法公开与法院现代化。\n\n## 现任职务\n2019年3月14日起任首席大法官。[^s1]\n\n## 来源\n- 新西兰优先顺序 - 维基百科。[^s1]\n- 新西兰政治 - 维基百科。[^s2]", "url": "/people/helen-winkelmann.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "法官", "律师" ] }, { "id": "person_jim_chalmers", "type": "person", "title": "吉姆·查默斯", "slug": "jim-chalmers", "aliases": [ "Jim Chalmers" ], "summary": "吉姆·查默斯是澳大利亚国库部长，2022年起任职，2025年大选后留任，负责联邦预算与经济政策。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "新华社：澳大利亚总理阿尔巴尼斯宣布新内阁（2025年5月12日）", "url": "https://english.news.cn/20250512/907f142d6c974bf8af9d2bdce378b826/c.html" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "第二届阿尔巴尼斯内阁 - 维基百科", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Albanese_ministry" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:26:02+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:26:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n吉姆·查默斯是澳大利亚国库部长，2022年起任职，2025年大选后留任，负责联邦预算与经济政策。 [^s1]\n\n## 早年与教育\n1978年生于昆士兰州布里斯班，毕业于昆士兰大学，获政治学博士学位。进入政界前曾任政府顾问与国库部官员。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n2013年当选联邦众议院兰金选区议员，2019年起任工党影子国库部长。2022年5月起任国库部长，2025年大选后留任。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n任国库部长期间主持编制多份联邦预算，提出以经济改革与生产率提升应对生活成本压力，并推动储备银行改革与金融监管调整。\n\n## 现任职务\n2022年5月起任国库部长，2025年5月留任。[^s1]\n\n## 来源\n- 新华社：澳大利亚总理阿尔巴尼斯宣布新内阁（2025年5月12日）。[^s1]\n- 第二届阿尔巴尼斯内阁 - 维基百科。[^s2]", "url": "/people/jim-chalmers.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物" ] }, { "id": "person_helder_lopes", "type": "person", "title": "埃尔德·洛佩斯", "slug": "helder-lopes", "aliases": [ "Helder Lopes" ], "summary": "东帝汶政治人物，现任东帝汶中央银行行长，2023年—（任期至2029年）任现职。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s_bctl", "title": "埃尔德·洛佩斯（新加坡金融科技节）", "url": "https://www.fintechfestival.sg/speakers/spkr13104-h-e-h%C3%A9lder-lopes" }, { "id": "s_govtl", "title": "东帝汶政府公报：2027年预算展望研讨会（2026-10-13）", "url": "https://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=52819\u0026n=--sanitized--\u0026lang=en" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:24:22+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:24:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "埃尔德·洛佩斯（Hélder Lopes），东帝汶东帝汶中央银行行长，2023年—（任期至2029年）任现职。[^s_bctl]\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n获帝力国立大学农业经济学位、美国密歇根州立大学经济学硕士学位；曾任财政部长、财政部副部长、亚洲开发银行高级经济学家。[^s_bctl]\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n曾任财政部长、财政部副部长、共和国总统高级公共财政管理顾问；2023年起任东帝汶中央银行行长，任期至2029年。[^s_bctl]\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n主管货币政策与金融稳定；任内推动电子支付与网络安全治理。[^s_bctl]\n\n## 现任职务\n\n2023年起任东帝汶中央银行行长，现任。[^s_bctl][^s_govtl]\n\n## 来源\n\n- 埃尔德·洛佩斯（新加坡金融科技节）。[^s_bctl]\n- 东帝汶政府公报：2027年预算展望研讨会（2026-10-13）。[^s_govtl]", "url": "/people/helder-lopes.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "经济学家", "中央银行行长" ] }, { "id": "person_begmyrat_muhamedow", "type": "person", "title": "别格梅拉特·穆哈梅多夫", "slug": "begmyrat-muhamedow", "aliases": [ "Begmyrat Muhamedow" ], "summary": "土库曼斯坦检察官员，现任总检察长，2026年在任。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "cia", "title": "土库曼斯坦领导人与内阁成员（美国中情局《世界领导人》，2026-03-10更新）", "url": "https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/turkmenistan/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:23:10+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:23:10+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "别格梅拉特·穆哈梅多夫（Begmyrat Muhamedow）是土库曼斯坦检察官员，现任总检察长。出生年月与教育背景未详。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n穆哈梅多夫长期在土库曼斯坦检察系统工作。出生年月与毕业院校未详。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n穆哈梅多夫此前任司法系统高级职务，2026年在任土库曼斯坦总检察长。接任年份未详。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n任总检察长后主管检察机关工作，监督刑事追诉与法律执行。具体履历细节未详。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n土库曼斯坦总检察长，2026年在任。\n\n## 来源\n\n美国中情局《世界领导人》土库曼斯坦页（2026-03-10更新）。", "url": "/people/begmyrat-muhamedow.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物", "土库曼斯坦总检察长" ] }, { "id": "organization_solomon_islands_infrastructure_development", "type": "organization", "title": "所罗门群岛基础设施发展部", "slug": "solomon-islands-infrastructure-development", "aliases": [ "Ministry of Infrastructure Development" ], "summary": "所罗门群岛政府主管部门，现任负责人为里基·富奥。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "所罗门群岛领导人名录（CIA World Leaders，2026-09-09更新）", "url": "https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/solomon-islands" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "所罗门群岛内阁（英文维基百科，2026-06-02内阁）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Solomon_Islands" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:19:30+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:19:30+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "所罗门群岛基础设施发展部（Ministry of Infrastructure Development）是所罗门群岛政府的主管部门，负责基础设施发展。[^s1]\n\n## 概述\n\n所罗门群岛基础设施发展部（Ministry of Infrastructure Development）是所罗门群岛政府负责相关事务的内阁部门，负责基础设施发展。总部位于所罗门群岛首都霍尼亚拉。[^s1]\n\n## 历史沿革\n\n2026年5月韦尔内阁组建；财政、内政、司法、农业四部部长2026年9月改组调整。\n\n## 主要职能\n\n负责基础设施发展。\n\n## 组织结构\n\n未详（公开来源未载其下属司局设置；本专项不展开下属司局）。\n\n## 现任负责人\n\n里基·富奥（截至2026年11月在任）。[^s1]\n\n## 总部与联系方式\n\n总部位于所罗门群岛首都霍尼亚拉。联系方式未详（公开来源未载）。\n\n## 来源\n\n- 所罗门群岛领导人名录（CIA World Leaders，2026-09-09更新）。[^s1]\n- 所罗门群岛内阁（英文维基百科，2026-06-02内阁）。[^s2]", "url": "/organizations/solomon-islands-infrastructure-development.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府机构" }, { "id": "organization_bhutan_energy_natural_resources", "type": "organization", "title": "不丹能源和自然资源部", "slug": "bhutan-energy-natural-resources", "aliases": [ "Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources" ], "summary": "不丹王国主管能源与自然资源的政府部门，现任大臣为索南·塔希，2026年8月27日就任。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s-bt-cab", "title": "Council of Ministers (Bhutan)（英文维基：不丹内阁，2026年7月12日抓取）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhengye_Zhungtshog" }, { "id": "s-bt-resign", "title": "BBS：两名内阁大臣辞职（2026年8月11日，内政大臣策林与能源大臣杰姆·策林辞职）", "url": "https://www.bbs.bt/245091/" }, { "id": "s-bt-energy", "title": "Asia News Network：不丹新任能源大臣索南·塔希谈水电与可再生能源目标（2026年9月7日）", "url": "https://asianews.network/bhutans-new-energy-minister-pledges-tangible-progress-on-hydropower-renewables-by-2028/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:18:13+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:18:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n不丹能源和自然资源部（Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources）是不丹王国主管能源开发与自然资源管理的政府部门。\n\n## 历史沿革\n\n该部为2024年新设立的部门，由原经济事务部的水电、能源职能划转组建。2024年1月，杰姆·策林出任首任能源和自然资源大臣；2026年8月，杰姆·策林因年事已高辞职，索南·塔希于2026年8月27日接任大臣并任职至今。\n\n## 主要职能\n\n主管水电开发与电力政策；负责可再生能源发展；主管森林、水资源、矿产等自然资源的管理；负责能源安全保障与电力出口事务。\n\n## 组织结构\n\n该部下设水电、能源等部门。索南·塔希就任后表示，优先完成普纳昌楚一级水电站等在建项目，目标是到2040年实现25吉瓦发电装机（水电20吉瓦、太阳能5吉瓦）。\n\n## 现任负责人\n\n现任大臣：索南·塔希（2026年8月27日至今）。\n\n## 总部与联系方式\n\n总部设于不丹首都廷布，具体联系方式未详。\n\n## 来源\n\n见本条目来源栏。", "url": "/organizations/bhutan-energy-natural-resources.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府机构" }, { "id": "person_k_shanmugam", "type": "person", "title": "尚穆根", "slug": "k-shanmugam", "aliases": [ "K Shanmugam", "尚穆根" ], "summary": "尚穆根（K Shanmugam），新加坡内政部长兼国务资政，2015年10月1日起任职。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "src-sg-cabinet", "title": "Second Lawrence Wong Cabinet（维基百科，2026年）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Lawrence_Wong_Cabinet" }, { "id": "src-sg-reshuffle", "title": "S'pore Cabinet reshuffle 2026（Mothership，2026-07-22）", "url": "https://mothership.sg/2026/07/singapore-cabinet-reshuffle-2026/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:17:40+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:17:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n尚穆根（K Shanmugam），新加坡内政部长兼国务资政。新加坡内政部部长。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n1959年生于新加坡，毕业于新加坡国立大学法学专业，曾任执业律师。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n2015年10月1日起任内政部长，2025年5月起兼任国家安全统筹部长，2026年7月27日起兼任国务资政。此前任外交部长、律政部长。律师出身。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n新加坡任期最长的内政部长之一，主导国家安全与国内治安政策。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n新加坡内政部长兼国务资政（2015年10月1日起）。\n\n## 来源\n\n见本条来源列表。", "url": "/people/k-shanmugam.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "新加坡内政部长" ] }, { "id": "person_eli_remolona", "type": "person", "title": "埃利·雷莫洛纳", "slug": "eli-remolona", "aliases": [ "Eli Remolona Jr.", "埃利·雷莫洛纳" ], "summary": "埃利·雷莫洛纳（Eli Remolona Jr.），菲律宾中央银行行长，2023年7月起任职。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "src-ph-bsp", "title": "Inflation risks prompt BSP to hike rates anew（Philstar，2026-10-22）", "url": "https://www.philstar.com/business/2026/10/22/2565045/inflation-risks-prompt-bsp-hike-rates-anew" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:16:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:16:49+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n埃利·雷莫洛纳（Eli Remolona Jr.），菲律宾中央银行行长。菲律宾中央银行行长。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n经济学博士，长期从事中央银行与货币政策研究。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n2023年7月起任菲律宾中央银行（Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas）行长。此前任该行副行长，并在纽约联邦储备银行工作多年。2026年10月主持货币委员会会议，将基准利率上调50个基点至5.50%。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n任内菲律宾通胀高企，央行处于加息周期，2026年通胀预期约6.1%。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n菲律宾中央银行行长（2023年7月起）。\n\n## 来源\n\n见本条来源列表。", "url": "/people/eli-remolona.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "菲律宾中央银行行长" ] }, { "id": "person_airlangga_hartarto", "type": "person", "title": "艾尔朗加·哈尔塔托", "slug": "airlangga-hartarto", "aliases": [ "Airlangga Hartarto" ], "summary": "印度尼西亚政治人物，现任经济事务统筹部长，2019年10月就任至今；曾任专业集团党主席。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "艾尔朗加·哈尔塔托（英文维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airlangga_Hartarto" }, { "id": "cabwiki", "title": "红白内阁（英文维基百科，2026年11月4日抓取）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_and_White_Cabinet" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T15:15:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T15:15:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "艾尔朗加·哈尔塔托（Airlangga Hartarto）1962年10月1日生于东爪哇省泗水，是印度尼西亚政治人物，现任经济事务统筹部长。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n艾尔朗加毕业于加查马达大学机械工程专业，后在澳大利亚墨尔本商学院获工商管理硕士学位，在澳大利亚莫纳什大学获博士学位。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n艾尔朗加从政前为企业家，2004年当选人民代表会议议员，2016年至2019年任佐科政府工业部长。2017年至2024年任专业集团党主席。2019年10月起任经济事务统筹部长，2024年10月留任红白内阁同一职务。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n任经济统筹部长期间主管经济复苏、投资与产业政策，推动综合性创造就业法与经济特区建设，任内主推下游产业与数字经济转型。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n印度尼西亚经济事务统筹部长，2019年10月就任，2024年10月留任。\n\n## 来源\n\n英文维基百科“Airlangga Hartarto”条目；英文维基百科“Red and White Cabinet”条目。", "url": "/people/airlangga-hartarto.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1962, "display": "1962年10月1日生于泗水" }, "occupations": [ "政治人物", "印度尼西亚经济事务统筹部长" ] }, { "id": "person_cai_qi", "type": "person", "title": "蔡奇", "slug": "cai-qi", "aliases": [ "Cai Qi" ], "summary": "中国政治人物，现任中央书记处第一书记、中央办公厅主任、中共中央政治局常委。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "蔡奇（英文维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cai_Qi" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "蔡奇其人（Moneycontrol，2026年9月）", "url": "https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/who-is-cai-qi-xi-jinping-s-close-aide-accompanying-him-to-india-for-brics-summit-article-14028330.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T13:23:35+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T13:23:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "蔡奇（Cai Qi）1955年12月5日生于福建尤溪，是中国政治人物，现任中央书记处第一书记、中央办公厅主任、中共中央政治局常委。\n\n## 现任职务\n\n2022年10月当选中共中央政治局常委（排名第五）并任中央书记处第一书记；2023年3月20日起任中共中央办公厅主任；2026年6月起兼任中央党校校长。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n1975年8月加入中国共产党。毕业于福建师范大学政治经济学专业，1978年获学士学位；后获政治经济学博士学位及经济法研究生学历。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n长期在福建工作，曾任福建省委办公厅副主任、三明市委书记等职；2000年后赴浙江，任杭州市市长、浙江省委常委、常务副省长；2014年调中央工作；2016年任北京市市长，2017年至2022年任北京市委书记；2017年进入中共中央政治局，2022年进入政治局常委会。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n任北京市委书记期间主持北京2022年冬奥会、冬残奥会筹办工作并任北京冬奥组委主席；任中央办公厅主任后作为中共中央总书记的首席幕僚长，主管中央日常运转与意识形态、宣传工作。", "url": "/people/cai-qi.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1955, "display": "1955年12月5日生于福建尤溪" }, "occupations": [ "政治人物", "中央书记处第一书记", "中央办公厅主任" ] }, { "id": "person_sanford_bishop", "type": "person", "title": "桑福德·毕晓普", "slug": "sanford-bishop", "aliases": [ "Sanford Bishop" ], "summary": "美国民主党政治人物，2026年11月3日中期选举中当选佐治亚州第2选区联邦众议员，任期自2027年1月起。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "2026年美国众议院选举（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "美联社2026年选举结果：佐治亚州众议院", "url": "https://apnews.com/projects/elections-2026/?ap_doc=ap%2Fsh1%2F20261103%2Fl%2FGA" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "桑福德·毕晓普（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanford_Bishop" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "桑福德·毕晓普（《国会中的黑人美国人》）", "url": "http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/213080674/bishop.pdf" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T11:45:29+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T12:05:43+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "## 身份\n\n桑福德·毕晓普（Sanford Bishop）是美国民主党政治人物，出生于1947年2月4日，亚拉巴马州莫比尔。2026年11月3日美国中期选举中当选为佐治亚州第2选区联邦众议员，任期自2027年1月第120届国会开始[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 经历\n\n1992年首次当选众议员，本次连任。\n\n## 2026年选举\n\n2026年11月3日选举中，桑福德·毕晓普击败马特·戴，美联社已宣布其当选[^s1][^s2]。得票率未详。统计截至2026年11月5日，结果仍在公布中，本文只记已宣布当选，不作最终认证票数。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n桑福德·毕晓普出生于亚拉巴马州莫比尔，父亲为毕晓普州立社区学院首任校长；1964年毕业于莫比尔中央高中，1968年在莫尔豪斯学院获政治学文学学士学位（辅修英语），1971年在埃默里大学法学院获法学博士学位，1969年至1971年在美国陆军服役。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n毕晓普退役后在佐治亚州哥伦布开设律师事务所，从事民权案件；1977年至1991年任佐治亚州众议员，1991年至1993年任佐治亚州参议员，1993年1月起任联邦众议员，约翰·刘易斯去世后成为佐治亚州国会代表团的资深议员。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n在联邦众议院，毕晓普长期任职于拨款委员会，属民主党内温和派蓝狗联盟成员；在州议会期间，他参与创建了佐治亚州平等机会委员会，关注农业、农村发展与民权议题。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 2026年当选\n\n2026年当选：佐治亚州第2选区联邦众议员，民主党，任期自2027年1月起；当选结果以美联社已宣布结果为准，对手为马特·戴。", "url": "/people/sanford-bishop.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物", "律师" ] }, { "id": "person_rashida_tlaib", "type": "person", "title": "拉希达·特莱布", "slug": "rashida-tlaib", "summary": "美国联邦众议员，民主党籍，2026 年当选密歇根州第 12 选区众议员，任期自 2027 年 1 月起。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "美联社2026年选举结果：密歇根州众议院", "url": "https://apnews.com/projects/elections-2026/?ap_doc=ap%2Fsh1%2F20261103%2Fl%2FMI" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "2026年美国众议院选举：密歇根州（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Michigan" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "拉希达·特莱布（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashida_Tlaib" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "拉希达·特莱布（美国众议院历史、艺术与档案馆）", "url": "https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/25769805181?Command=382\u0026CurrentPage=379\u0026PreviousSear\u0026PreviousSearch=Search%2CLastName%2C%2C%2C%2C%2CFalse%2CFalse%2CFalse%2C%2CState\u0026ResultType=List\u0026SortOrder=State\u0026current_search_qs=?id=33059" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T11:46:21+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T12:00:29+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 身份\n\n拉希达·特莱布（Rashida Tlaib），1976年7月24日出生，美国政治人物，民主党籍。\n\n## 经历\n\n现任联邦众议员，连任。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n拉希达·特莱布原姓埃拉贝德，1976年7月24日出生于密歇根州底特律，是巴勒斯坦移民工人家庭14个孩子中的长女；1994年毕业于底特律西南高中，获韦恩州立大学政治学学士学位（1998年）与托马斯·库利法学院法学博士学位（2004年），2007年取得密歇根州律师资格。[^s3]\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n2007年至2008年，她任密歇根州众议院工作人员，2009年至2014年任州众议员（首位进入密歇根州议会的穆斯林女性）；2019年起任联邦众议员（第13选区2019年至2023年，第12选区2023年起）。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n她是首位进入国会的巴勒斯坦裔美国女性、首批进入国会的穆斯林女性之一；2023年11月7日，她因相关言论遭众议院谴责。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 2026 年当选\n\n2026 年 11 月 3 日美国中期选举中，拉希达·特莱布当选美国联邦众议员，代表密歇根州第 12 选区，任期自 2027 年 1 月起（第 120 届国会）。主要对手为詹姆斯·胡珀（共和党），得票情况：约 76% 对 21%。上述结果为美联社已宣布结果，尚未经官方最终认证；如后续认证有变，以认证结果为准。[^s1][^s2]", "url": "/people/rashida-tlaib.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "律师", "政治人物" ] }, { "id": "person_jeremy_moss", "type": "person", "title": "杰里米·莫斯", "slug": "jeremy-moss", "summary": "美国联邦众议员，民主党籍，2026 年当选密歇根州第 11 选区众议员，任期自 2027 年 1 月起。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "美联社2026年选举结果：密歇根州众议院", "url": "https://apnews.com/projects/elections-2026/?ap_doc=ap%2Fsh1%2F20261103%2Fl%2FMI" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "2026年美国众议院选举：密歇根州（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Michigan" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "杰里米·莫斯（维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Moss" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "杰里米·莫斯传记（密歇根州参议院民主党团）", "url": "https://dev.senatedems.com/moss/bio/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T11:46:17+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T12:00:27+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 身份\n\n杰里米·莫斯（Jeremy Moss），1986年6月23日出生，美国政治人物，民主党籍。\n\n## 经历\n\n密歇根州州参议员，开放席位胜出。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n杰里米·莫斯1986年6月23日出生于密歇根州底特律，在绍斯菲尔德长大；毕业于希勒尔走读学校与伯明翰格罗夫斯高中，获密歇根州立大学新闻学与政治学学士学位（优等毕业），并完成密歇根政治领袖项目。[^s3]\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n大学期间，他参与人道主义援助任务（新奥尔良飓风灾后重建、南非艾滋病孤儿中心建设）；2011年当选绍斯菲尔德市议会议员（该市史上最年轻议员，时年25岁）；2015年至2019年任密歇根州众议员第35选区议员（民主党党鞭），2019年起任州参议员（第11选区2019年至2023年、第7选区2023年起），任参议院临时议长。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n在州参议院临时议长任内，他推动恢复劳工权利、枪支安全法、堕胎权保护与清洁空气和水计划，2023年为当年获签署法案最多的州议员；他是密歇根州首位公开同性恋身份的州参议员及首位任临时议长的公开同性恋议员。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 2026 年当选\n\n2026 年 11 月 3 日美国中期选举中，杰里米·莫斯当选美国联邦众议员，代表密歇根州第 11 选区，任期自 2027 年 1 月起（第 120 届国会）。主要对手为伊桑·贝克（共和党），得票情况：约 61% 对 37%。上述结果为美联社已宣布结果，尚未经官方最终认证；如后续认证有变，以认证结果为准。[^s1][^s2]", "url": "/people/jeremy-moss.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物" ] }, { "id": "person_chris_mcgowan", "type": "person", "title": "克里斯·麦高恩", "slug": "chris-mcgowan", "summary": "美国联邦众议员，共和党籍，2026 年当选艾奥瓦州第 4 选区众议员，任期自 2027 年 1 月起。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "美联社2026年选举结果：艾奥瓦州众议院", "url": "https://apnews.com/projects/elections-2026/?ap_doc=ap%2Fsh1%2F20261103%2Fl%2FIA" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "艾奥瓦州众议院选举结果报道", "url": "https://www.kgloam.com/iowas-u-s-house-delegation-flips-to-3-democrats-1-republican/" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "艾奥瓦第4选区候选人麦高恩介绍（《得梅因纪事报》）", "url": "https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/news/politics/elections/2026/10/07/iowa-4d-candidates-dawson-mcgowan-talk-tariffs-iran-war-immigration/92011222007/" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "艾奥瓦公共电视第4选区辩论：克里斯·麦高恩", "url": "https://www.iowapbs.org/shows/iowapress/special/14533/iowa-press-debates-4th-congressional-district" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T11:42:44+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T11:59:24+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 身份\n\n克里斯·麦高恩（Chris McGowan），生卒未详，美国政治人物，共和党籍。\n\n## 经历\n\n2026年首次当选联邦众议员。\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n克里斯·麦高恩是艾奥瓦州苏城人，2026年竞选报道时为59岁；获圣约翰大学政府与管理学士学位与艾维玛利亚法学院法学博士学位，并通过律师资格考试。[^s3]\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n他于1990年起在艾奥瓦空军国民警卫队服役6年，任情报军官；后曾任霍尼韦尔销售人员，并在美国密歇根东区检察官办公室民刑部门工作。2003年，他加入苏兰倡议组织，2011年起任苏兰商会会长15年以上；长期担任共和党候选人的政治顾问，2026年为首次参选。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n他主张财政克制、经济振兴与放松管制，保护艾奥瓦农民的公平贸易，并支持全年销售E15乙醇汽油。[^s3]\n\n## 2026 年当选\n\n2026 年 11 月 3 日美国中期选举中，克里斯·麦高恩当选美国联邦众议员，代表艾奥瓦州第 4 选区，任期自 2027 年 1 月起（第 120 届国会）。主要对手为戴夫·道森（民主党），得票情况：美联社票数 178,845 对 123,940。上述结果为美联社已宣布结果，尚未经官方最终认证；如后续认证有变，以认证结果为准。[^s1][^s2]", "url": "/people/chris-mcgowan.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "商会会长", "政治人物" ] }, { "id": "person_brad-sherman", "type": "person", "title": "布拉德·谢尔曼", "slug": "brad-sherman", "aliases": [ "Brad Sherman" ], "summary": "美国政治人物，民主党人，2026年当选加利福尼亚州第32选区联邦众议员，任期自2027年1月起。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "2026 United States House of Representatives elections in California（英文维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_California" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "Associated Press election results: California (CA) U.S. House", "url": "https://apnews.com/projects/elections-2026/?ap_doc=ap%2Fsh1%2F20261103%2Fl%2FCA" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "Brad Sherman（英文维基百科）", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brad_Sherman" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "LegiList Fact Sheet – Mr. Brad Sherman (Bioguide)", "url": "https://legilist.com/generate-factsheet.php?bioguide=S000344" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T11:41:54+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T11:58:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 基本信息\n\n布拉德·谢尔曼（Brad Sherman），美国政治人物，民主党人。出生年份未详。2026年11月3日美国中期选举中当选加利福尼亚州第32选区联邦众议员，任期自2027年1月起。\n\n## 2026年当选\n\n2026年大选中，布拉德·谢尔曼击败拉里·汤普森（Larry Thompson），美联社已宣布其当选[^s2]。连任当选。\n\n## 从政经历\n\n1996年首次当选联邦众议员。[^s1]\n\n## 早年与教育\n\n谢尔曼1954年10月24日出生于加利福尼亚州洛杉矶，父母均为乌克兰犹太裔；他先后就读于马克·凯佩尔高中与科罗纳德尔马高中，1974年以最优等成绩获加州大学洛杉矶分校政治学文学士学位，1979年以优等成绩获哈佛法学院法学博士学位，并取得注册会计师资格[^s3][^s4]。\n\n## 职业与从政经历\n\n谢尔曼早年在四大会计师事务所之一工作，曾协助科拉松·阿基诺领导下的菲律宾政府追索被罢黜总统马科斯的资产，并在哈佛法学院国际税务项目任教；1991年至1997年任加利福尼亚州均等委员会委员并于1991年至1995年任主席；1996年当选联邦众议员，1997年起任职，先后代表第24、27、30选区[^s3][^s4]。\n\n## 主要事迹与主张\n\n谢尔曼长期任职于众议院外交事务委员会与金融服务委员会，关注国际制裁、金融监管与消费者保护，推动设立消费者金融保护机构；1997年，他提出的预算决议修正案为收购具环境重要性的土地追加7亿美元资金；他亦长期主张对伊朗实施严厉制裁以阻止其核武器发展[^s3]。", "url": "/people/brad-sherman.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物", "会计师" ] }, { "id": "person_an_xifan", "type": "person", "title": "安希范", "slug": "an-xifan", "summary": "明代官员，东林八君子之一，无锡人，万历十四年进士，因上《纠辅臣明正邪》疏被削籍，归乡主讲于东林书院，著《天全堂集》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "安希范（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%8C%E8%8C%83" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "安希范（国家教育研究院辞书）", "url": "https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/Entry/Detail?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%8C%E8%8C%83" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T18:38:52+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T18:39:28+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 生平\n\n安希范（1564年—1621年），字小范，号我素，南直隶常州府无锡县（今江苏省无锡市）人，明朝官员[^s1]。他是安国的孙子、安如山的次子，庶出。万历十三年（1585年）乙酉科应天乡试举人，万历十四年（1586年，丙戌科）三甲第九名进士[^s1]。\n\n## 仕历\n\n安希范中进士后授行人，万历十九年（1591年）迁礼部精膳司主事；为便养母，疏请改南京吏部验封司主事[^s1][^s2]。万历二十一年（1593年），他因[[person_gao_panlong|高攀龙]]事上《纠辅臣明正邪》疏，为高攀龙等辩解，忤辅臣王锡爵，触怒神宗，被削籍为民[^s1]。\n\n## 东林关联\n\n削籍回乡后，安希范与[[person_gu_xiancheng|顾宪成]]等重建[[place_donglin_shuyuan|东林书院]]，并主讲席。他生性恬静简易，为人平易近人，参与东林讲学之会，与顾宪成、顾允成、高攀龙、[[person_liu_yuanzhen|刘元珍]]、[[person_ye_maocai|叶茂才]]、[[person_qian_yiben|钱一本]]、[[person_xue_fujiao|薛敷教]]均以直声震一时，时称“东林八君子”[^s2]。\n\n## 结局与评价\n\n安希范归乡后一直没有复出，专心讲学著述。天启元年（1621年）四月，他自吴兴返无锡途中得病不起，十三日逝世，年五十八[^s1]。熹宗嗣位，正将复其官职，惜其先卒，乃诏赠光禄少卿[^s2]。著有《养心日札》《读书日笺》《荒政撮要》《武备私考》等，后裔编有《天全堂集》。\n\n## 相关\n\n相关：[[place_donglin_shuyuan|东林书院]]、东林党争；同为东林八君子者见[[person_gu_xiancheng|顾宪成]]、[[person_gao_panlong|高攀龙]]等条。", "url": "/people/an-xifan.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1564, "display": "1564" }, "death": { "year": 1621, "display": "1621" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "ich_folk_155", "type": "work", "title": "常山喝彩歌谣", "slug": "chang-shan-he-cai-ge-yao", "summary": "常山喝彩歌谣是流传于浙江省常山县的民间歌谣，国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅰ-155，类别为民间文学，申报地区为浙江省常山县，2014年列入第四批国家级名录[^s1]。喝彩歌谣是常山民间在喜庆场合以歌送祝福的口头传统。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "来源 - 公开检索", "url": "http://www.ezhejiang.gov.cn/2018-02/22/c_557422.htm" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:44:38+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:44:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n常山喝彩歌谣是流传于浙江省常山县的民间歌谣，国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅰ-155，类别为民间文学，申报地区为浙江省常山县，2014年列入第四批国家级名录[^s1]。喝彩歌谣是常山民间在喜庆场合以歌送祝福的口头传统。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n常山喝彩歌谣在旧时主要用于婚礼、生日、春播等喜庆场合，人们以歌谣送上祝福，营造热闹喜庆的气氛。这一传统在常山民间代代相传，成为当地民俗生活的重要组成部分，并与常山的方言、婚俗与农事习俗紧密结合。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n常山喝彩歌谣以祝福为核心内容，曲调高亢热闹、意蕴悠长，歌词多为即兴编唱的吉祥话，讲究押韵、朗朗上口，表演者身着传统服装，在婚礼、生日、春播等场合轮番歌唱。传承人曾令兵为第六代传承人，他在继承传统喝彩词的基础上，立足当下生活场景创新创编，使喝彩歌谣适配更多场景。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n常山喝彩歌谣的传承人曾令兵时常活跃于衢州浙BA球场、新婚庆典、新房上梁、乡村丰收节等各类现代场景中，让古老的民间非遗融入市井生活。在水亭门历史文化街区等地，喝彩歌谣通过展演、教学与青少年传习等方式，使年轻一代也能学习和演唱，焕发全新活力。", "url": "/works/chang-shan-he-cai-ge-yao.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "other" }, { "id": "concept_ich_8_192", "type": "concept", "title": "蓝夹缬技艺", "slug": "lan-jia-xie-ji-yi", "summary": "蓝夹缬技艺是浙江温州的传统雕版夹染印染技艺，以蓝靛为染液、戏文纹样为特色。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "项目页 - 中国非物质文化遗产网", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/14708/", "locator": "项目编号与项目介绍" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:40:16+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:40:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n蓝夹缬技艺是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅷ-192，于2011年列入第三批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，属传统技艺类。[^s1]申报地区为浙江省温州市，保护单位为温州市非物质文化遗产保护中心。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n蓝夹缬为我国传统印染“四缬”技艺之一，是我国雕版印染、印刷的源头。[^s1]夹缬起于秦汉，盛于唐宋，唐明皇曾将其作为国礼馈赠给各国遣唐使；至元、明，夹缬向单蓝色转化，最后仅在浙南地区保存下来，以温州为中心，向台州、丽水等部分接壤地区辐射。蓝夹缬技艺曾普遍流传于浙江南部的温州市，至今仍在其下辖的苍南县以及瑞安和乐清两个县级市均得到较好地保护和传承。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n蓝夹缬曾是浙南民间婚嫁必备用品。[^s1]它以蓝靛（中药板蓝根的植株所制）为染液；以晚清至民国时流传的昆剧、乱弹、京剧等戏文情节为主要纹样，辅以花鸟虫兽等大吉祥纹样，成为中国传统染织品中以戏曲人物为主要纹样的现存唯一孤例。温州至今完整保存雕版、制靛、印染等工艺流程：先刻制木雕版夹住布匹，再以蓝靛染色，松开雕版后纹样清晰，蓝白相映。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n原遍布温州各县（市、区）的蓝夹缬染坊，于20世纪70年代陆续歇业后，苍南农民开设了染坊，断续作业，对该技艺的传承保护产生了积极影响。[^s1]近年来，温州市非物质文化遗产保护中心通过传承人带徒、雕版修复与印染研学，使蓝夹缬的雕版、制靛、印染全套工序在苍南、瑞安、乐清等地得到延续。", "url": "/concepts/lan-jia-xie-ji-yi.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "conceptKind": "other" }, { "id": "concept_huian_shidiao", "type": "concept", "title": "惠安石雕", "slug": "huian-shidiao", "summary": "惠安石雕是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅶ-36，类别为传统美术，2006年入选第一批国家级名录，申报地区为福建省惠安县，2021年福建省厦门市湖里区的惠安石雕（影雕）作为扩展项目列入，共用同一编号。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "惠安石雕 - 中国非物质文化遗产网", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/14013.html" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "惠安石雕（影雕） - 中国非物质文化遗产网", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/23721.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:32:45+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:32:45+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n惠安石雕是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅶ-36，类别为传统美术，2006年入选第一批国家级名录，申报地区为福建省惠安县，保护单位为惠安县文化馆[^s1]。惠安石雕是以硬质的青石料为主要原料的传统雕刻艺术，主要流传在福建省泉州地区的惠安县，成品多用于建筑装饰。2021年，福建省厦门市湖里区的惠安石雕（影雕）作为扩展项目列入同一编号[^s2]。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n惠安石雕工艺源于黄河流域的中原文化，形成过程中又汲取了闽越文化及沿“海上丝绸之路”传入的外来文化，与建筑艺术相生相伴，逐渐形成独特的艺术风格，历代名师辈出，从南宋以来就有谱系传承记载，流派众多。宋元时期，惠安石雕工艺就十分发达，明末以后更趋成熟，成为南派石雕艺术的代表。2006年，“惠安石雕”入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，惠安县被文化部授予“中国民间艺术（雕刻）之乡”等称号，2015年10月，“世界石雕之都”花落惠安。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n惠安石雕的品类有碑石加工、环境园林雕塑、建筑构件、工艺雕刻、实用器皿等五大系列，其工艺主要有圆雕、浮雕、线雕、沉雕、影雕等五类。影雕是一种利用“去黑留白、明暗成像”原理，融入绘画技法创造出的石雕艺术，由清代惠安石雕巨匠李周发明的“针黑白”工艺逐步发展而来；影雕的创作过程全凭一根特制的合金钢錾，在锯切厚度为1.5厘米并经磨光的青石平板或黑底纯色石板上，经打稿、画图、初雕、细雕、精雕等工艺流程，点凿出大小、深浅、疏密不同的微点，以点缀线，以线构面，进而形成一幅作品[^s2]。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n惠安石雕的代表性传承人有王经民、吴德强等，影雕子项的代表性传承人有李亚华等[^s1][^s2]。列入名录后，惠安通过石雕产业集聚、非遗工坊、技艺传习和“世界石雕之都”品牌建设等方式推动传承，惠安石雕艺人用坚硬的锤子凿子，敲出了欲断还连的蚕丝蚕茧、通体通透的龙柱、盛满鱼虾的竹笼，用石头阐释灵动之美。", "url": "/concepts/huian-shidiao.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "conceptKind": "intangible_heritage" }, { "id": "concept_ich_8_106", "type": "concept", "title": "傣族织锦技艺", "slug": "dai-zu-zhi-jin-ji-yi", "summary": "傣族织锦技艺是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号为Ⅷ-106，于2008年列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，申报地区为云南省西双版纳傣族自治州。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "中国非物质文化遗产网·傣族织锦技艺", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/14495.html", "locator": "项目编号与技艺介绍" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:27:37+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:27:37+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "傣族织锦技艺是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号为Ⅷ-106，于2008年列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，申报地区为云南省西双版纳傣族自治州。[^s1]\n\n## 简介\n\n傣族织锦是傣族先民劳动的产物，是傣族传统手工艺最早期的重要品种。傣族织锦与傣族人民的日常生活及佛教信仰、鬼神崇拜等方面都有着紧密的联系，在傣族社会生活中占有相当重要的位置，具有独特的历史文化价值和美学价值。[^s1]\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n傣族织锦出于妇女之手，体现了傣族地区男耕女织的农耕社会风习。傣族妇女劳作之余，在彩锦上织造出高洁的荷花、挺立的槟榔、吉祥的孔雀、庄重的大象、威严的麒麟和龙凤、佛塔等图案，表达了傣族人民对真善美的追求和向往。傣族织锦既含蓄又明朗，想像丰富，构思巧妙，手法独特，在我国织锦艺术中占有重要的一席之地。[^s1]\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n傣族织锦往往以白底衬托单一独立的图案或多次重复的连续图案，还有些图案呈现为剪影式的侧面造型，形象生动、轮廓鲜明，给人以深刻的印象。此外，傣族织锦还强调图案的对称性、对比性和连续性，讲究疏密结合、具象和抽象结合。傣族织锦的图案题材包括荷花、槟榔、孔雀、大象、麒麟、龙凤、佛塔等，色彩明朗，构图对称，多用于筒裙、包头、被面与装饰用品，是傣族服饰文化的重要组成部分。[^s1]\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n傣族织锦技艺的保护单位为西双版纳傣族自治州文化馆，代表性传承人包括叶娟、玉儿甩等人。申报材料记载，由于扶持、保护不力，傣族织锦技艺现在正面临灭绝之境，科学、合理地保护和开发傣族织锦，对于弘扬傣族的优秀文化具有不容低估的重要意义；如今通过传习馆展示、传承人认定与文创开发，傣族织锦正在逐步恢复活力。[^s1]", "url": "/concepts/dai-zu-zhi-jin-ji-yi.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "conceptKind": "other" }, { "id": "event_mulao_yifan_jie", "type": "event", "title": "仫佬族依饭节", "slug": "mulao-yifan-jie", "summary": "仫佬族依饭节又称喜乐愿，是仫佬族特有的感恩还愿传统节日，于立冬时节在宗族祠堂举行，2006年列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，申报地区为广西罗城仫佬族自治县。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "仫佬族依饭节 - 中国非物质文化遗产网", "author": "中国非物质文化遗产网", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/14957.html" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "11月6日至8日，一起去罗城过依饭节 - 广西新闻网", "author": "广西新闻网", "url": "http://www.gxnews.com.cn/staticpages/20261030/newgx6ae44f53-22010023.shtml" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:20:18+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:20:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n仫佬族依饭节是仫佬族特有的传统节日，带有强烈的感恩和祝愿色彩，又称“喜乐愿”“依饭公爷”，意为“向祖先还愿”[^s1]。仫佬族主要聚居于广西壮族自治区，自称“伶”和“谨”，依饭节为仫佬族所独有，是仫佬族信仰习俗长期积淀的结晶，也是仫佬族文化的重要象征。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n关于依饭节的来历有两种传说：其一，传说仫佬族始祖因犯罪坐牢期间，得到守监梁、吴二人同情而趁深夜放出始祖，危难关头忽见一白衣姑娘牵白马前来相救，始祖发迹后不忘救命之恩，定遇难呈祥之日为“依饭节”；其二，传说宋代天禧年间仫佬山乡遭外敌入侵，梁、吴带领乡民鏖战抗击，不幸英勇牺牲，宋徽宗于嘉熙四年特封梁、吴二人为官，并建龛堂，规定每逢亥、卯、末年奉请三元师祈神集福，祈求人畜平安，五谷丰登[^s1]。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n仫佬族每10年中分别3次于农历立冬时节选择吉日，以仫佬族人居住区域所谓的“冬”为单位，在各自的宗族祠堂里举行隆重而神圣的依饭节，进行虔诚的祭祀活动[^s1]。整个活动历时一昼夜，由安坛、请圣、点牲、劝圣、唱牛哥、合兵和送圣七个程序组成。节日期间，全村上下一片欢腾，男女老少同庆丰收，共享欢乐，相互祝福来年五谷丰登，六畜兴旺；今天的依饭节活动还包括开节仪式、仫佬依饭宴、古歌与舞草龙展演等，核心仍是感恩先祖、驱邪纳福[^s2]。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n2006年，仫佬族依饭节列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，项目编号Ⅹ-16，申报地区为广西壮族自治区罗城仫佬族自治县，保护单位为罗城仫佬族自治县文化馆[^s1]。同时也要看到，仫佬族的许多传统民俗日益淡化，依饭节传承的文化空间逐渐缩小，传承后继乏人，亟待抢救、保护[^s1]。近年来罗城通过集中举办依饭节、进校园展演等方式，让更多人体验仫佬族剪纸、刺绣、扎染等民俗文化，为依饭节注入新的活力。", "url": "/events/mulao-yifan-jie.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "eventKind": "culture" }, { "id": "event_sanhui_caitinghui", "type": "event", "title": "三汇彩亭会", "slug": "sanhui-caitinghui", "summary": "三汇彩亭会是四川省渠县三汇镇的传统民间文化活动，以亭子造型和表演为主要特点，每年农历三月十六日至十八日举行，2008年列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "三汇彩亭 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B1%87%E5%BD%A9%E4%BA%AD" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "渠县：全力以赴推动巴賨文化传承创新 - 达州市人民政府", "url": "http://www.dazhou.gov.cn/news-show-257772.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:19:05+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:19:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n三汇彩亭会是流传于四川省渠县三汇镇的一种传统民间文化活动，项目编号为Ⅹ-104，申报地区为四川省渠县，2008年列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录[^s1]。它以亭子造型和表演为主要特点，每年农历三月十六日至十八日在街道或广场进行表演，是川东北地区民间文化艺术的瑰宝。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n三汇镇地处四川东部华蓥山北段西侧，跨州河、巴河、渠江，交通发达，物产丰富，商贾云集，经济活跃，彩亭会就在这种特殊的地理环境中产生发展起来。清代初年，彩亭会开始在三汇形成，清代中后期至民国年间逐步趋于兴盛[^s2]。三汇彩亭始于清朝初年，距今已有两百多年历史，其艺术形式有着深厚的文化底蕴、丰富的民俗内涵和广泛的群众基础[^s1]。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n三汇彩亭会融铁工、木工、刺绣、缝纫、建筑于一体，汇文学、绘画、雕刻、力学于一炉，结构精致奇巧，色彩瑰丽，工艺精湛，颇具“高、惊、险、奇、巧”的艺术特色[^s2]。彩亭以抬彩亭、祭拜“三圣娘娘”为主线，伴有舞龙、耍狮、踩高跷、拉旱船等多种民间艺术表演，以此开启一年春耕生产，祈盼风调雨顺、五谷丰登和国泰民安[^s2]。在内容创作上，彩亭既从中国历代优秀文化中提炼人物、情节，如《龙宫取宝》《虎门销烟》，又创新展现现代生活。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n三汇彩亭会的代表性传承人世代相传，第七代传承人全面掌握彩亭设计和制作技艺，所设计、扎制的彩亭具有“高、惊、险、奇、巧”的艺术特征，并培养了第八代传承人[^s1]。渠县建立了四级非遗名录保护体系，成立三汇彩亭艺术工作室，开展彩亭会作品讲习、图纸设计、力学原理、民俗表演等传承内容，使这一三百多年的民俗节会至今仍能吸引数万群众聚集在彩亭巡游道路两旁观赏[^s2]。", "url": "/events/sanhui-caitinghui.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "eventKind": "culture" }, { "id": "person_nobel_865", "type": "person", "title": "布莱恩·施密特", "slug": "brian-p-schmidt", "aliases": [ "Brian P. Schmidt" ], "summary": "布莱恩·施密特是发现宇宙加速膨胀的天文学家，2011年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Brian P. Schmidt – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2011/schmidt/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2011/summary/" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "布莱恩·施密特 – Biographical", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2011/schmidt/biographical/" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "布莱恩·施密特", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E5%AF%86%E7%89%B9" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:48:51+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**布莱恩·施密特**（Brian P. Schmidt，1967年2月24日—）出生于米苏拉（美国）。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n施密特在哈佛大学获博士学位，先后任教于澳大利亚国立大学与斯特朗洛山天文台，长期从事超新星宇宙学研究。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要成就\n\n施密特领导高红移超新星搜寻队，通过Ia型超新星观测发现宇宙正在加速膨胀，揭示了暗能量的存在，改变了宇宙学图景。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 获奖\n\n2011 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，布莱恩·施密特占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Australian National University，所在地为韦斯顿克里克（澳大利亚）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2011|2011 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/brian-p-schmidt.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1967, "month": 2, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1967年2月24日" }, "occupations": [ "天文学家" ] }, { "id": "person_nobel_142", "type": "person", "title": "乔治·夏帕克", "slug": "georges-charpak", "aliases": [ "Georges Charpak" ], "summary": "乔治·夏帕克（Georges Charpak，1924年8月1日—2010年9月29日）是波兰裔法国物理学家，1992年诺贝尔物理学奖得主，因发明多丝正比室等粒子探测器而获奖。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Georges Charpak – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1992/charpak/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1992/summary/" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "Georges Charpak – Biographical", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1992/charpak/biographical/" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "Georges Charpak – Wikipedia", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Charpak" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T12:24:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**乔治·夏帕克**（Georges Charpak，1924年8月1日—2010年9月29日）出生于杜布罗维察（波兰），2010年9月29日在巴黎（法国）去世。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n夏帕克生于波兰东部的杜布罗维察，7岁随家迁往巴黎；二战期间参加法国抵抗运动，被关押于达豪集中营，战后加入法国籍。1945年入巴黎矿业学院，1948年毕业为采矿工程师，随后进入法兰西学院弗雷德里克·约里奥-居里的实验室，1954年获核物理博士学位，1959年加入欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）[^s3][^s4]。\n\n## 主要成就\n\n在CERN，他先参与精确测量μ子反常磁矩的工作；1968年发明多丝正比室：气体盒中平行排列的细丝各接独立放大器，带电粒子穿过时电离气体、在最近的丝上引发雪崩信号并直接送入计算机，计数率比气泡室高约千倍，可每秒记录上百万条径迹。由此发展的漂移室等探测器帮助发现了W、Z玻色子与顶夸克，也用于低剂量X射线成像；1980年起他还在巴黎高等物理化工学院任教[^s3][^s4]。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1992 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 乔治·夏帕克，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 École Supérieure de Physique et Chimie，所在地为巴黎（法国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1992|1992 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/georges-charpak.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1924, "month": 8, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1924年8月1日" }, "death": { "year": 2010, "month": 9, "day": 29, "precision": "day", "display": "2010年9月29日" }, "occupations": [ "物理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q11669908", "type": "person", "title": "Gao Lian", "slug": "gao-lian", "aliases": [ "高廉" ], "summary": "Gao Lian, fictional human in Water Margin.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11669908", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11669908" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "高廉（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BB%89" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:57:07+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/gao-lian.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q239847", "type": "person", "title": "Vairocana", "slug": "vairocana", "aliases": [ "毗卢遮那佛" ], "summary": "Vairocana, celestial Buddha embodying emptiness.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q239847", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239847" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "毗卢遮那佛（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%8D%A2%E9%81%AE%E9%82%A3%E4%BD%9B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:40:48+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]]", "url": "/people/vairocana.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q123847411", "type": "person", "title": "Li Feng", "slug": "li-feng-sanguo-q123847411", "aliases": [ "李丰" ], "summary": "Li Feng as a character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, based on the historical Li Feng.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q123847411", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123847411" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:52:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 22, "body": "## Portrayal\n\nPortrayal in [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] of the historical person [[person_cn_q5367495|Li Feng]][^wikidata].", "url": "/people/li-feng-sanguo-q123847411.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "ar", "de", "en", "es", "fr", "hi", "id", "it", "ja", "ko", "ms", "nl", "pt", "ru", "th", "tr", "vi", "zh-hant" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q866922", "type": "person", "title": "Ding Desun", "slug": "ding-desun", "aliases": [ "丁得孙" ], "summary": "Ding Desun, Water Margin character.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q866922", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866922" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "丁得孙（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%BE%97%E5%AD%99" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:58:27+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/ding-desun.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q836164", "type": "person", "title": "Liu Tang", "slug": "liu-tang", "aliases": [ "刘唐" ], "summary": "Liu Tang, Water Margin character.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q836164", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836164" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘唐（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%94%90" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:09:47+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/liu-tang.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_hushi", "type": "person", "title": "胡适", "slug": "hu-shi", "aliases": [ "胡適", "Hu Shih" ], "summary": "胡适（1891—1962）是中国思想家、文学家，新文化运动代表人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-literature", "tag-education" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "胡适（维基百科，示例参考入口）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/胡适" }, { "id": "online-1984", "title": "容忍与自由", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1984", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "胡适（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%80%82" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-24T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:36:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**胡适**（1891年—1962年）是中国思想家、文学家、教育家，安徽绩溪人，早年留学美国，师从杜威，是新文化运动的代表人物之一[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 学术与文学\n\n他提倡白话文，诗集《尝试集》是中国现代白话诗的开端；他曾任北京大学校长、中央研究院院长和驻美大使，晚年定居台湾[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 学术与文学\n\n胡适在[[organization_pku|北京大学]]任教，参与[[event_newculture|新文化运动]]时期的思想与文学讨论。\n\n## 白话文学实践\n\n《[[work_changshi|尝试集]]》是其白话诗创作的代表，体现了他对[[concept_vernacular|白话文]]的提倡。\n\n## 馆藏著录\n\n海宁市图书馆推荐书目将胡适著录为以下作品的创作者或编者：\n\n- 《容忍与自由》[^online-1984]", "url": "/people/hu-shi.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1891, "display": "1891年" }, "occupations": [ "学者", "作家" ], "isFictional": false, "personCategory": "学者、作家" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1195050", "type": "person", "title": "Zhong Kang", "slug": "zhong-kang", "aliases": [ "中康" ], "summary": "Zhong Kang, fourth king of Xia Dynasty, Si Qi's son, Tai Kang's younger brother.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1195050", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195050" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "中康（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%B7" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:12:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "Zhong Kang, fourth king of Xia Dynasty, Si Qi's son, Tai Kang's younger brother[^wikidata].", "url": "/people/zhong-kang.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_76", "type": "person", "title": "鲁道夫·穆斯堡尔", "slug": "rudolf-mossbauer", "aliases": [ "Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer", "Rudolf Mössbauer" ], "summary": "鲁道夫·穆斯堡尔（Rudolf Mössbauer，1929年1月31日—2011年9月14日）是德国物理学家，1961 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Rudolf Mössbauer – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1961/mossbauer/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1961/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:32:06+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**鲁道夫·穆斯堡尔**（Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer，1929年1月31日—2011年9月14日）出生于慕尼黑（德国），2011年9月14日去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1961 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，鲁道夫·穆斯堡尔占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Technical University，所在地为慕尼黑（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n鲁道夫·穆斯堡尔是德国物理学家。1958 年，他发现当原子核被束缚在固体晶格中时，γ 射线可以无反冲地发射与吸收——即穆斯堡尔效应，从而获得了能量分辨率极高的 γ 射线源；这一效应成为探测固体中原子核环境与超精细相互作用的灵敏工具，并为验证广义相对论的引力红移实验提供了手段[^s1][^s2]。1961 年诺贝尔物理学奖由他与罗伯特·霍夫施塔特共享[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1961|1961 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/rudolf-mossbauer.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1929, "month": 1, "day": 31, "precision": "day", "display": "1929年1月31日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 9, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年9月14日" }, "occupations": [ "物理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q1068917", "type": "person", "title": "Kebineng", "slug": "ke-bi-neng", "aliases": [ "轲比能" ], "summary": "Kebineng (172–235) was a Xianbei chieftain of the Three Kingdoms period. He came from a minor Xianbei clan and was chosen as great leader for his courage and fairness, holding the area of Dai and Shanggu commanderies and eventually commanding over a hundred thousand archers. He alternated between submission and revolt against Cao Wei, was made King Who Submits to Righteousness by Cao Pi, and in 235 was killed by an assassin sent by Wang Xiong, governor of You province.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1068917", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068917" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "轲比能（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%BB%E6%AF%94%E8%83%BD" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:20:01+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "Kebineng was one of the Xianbei chieftains of the Three Kingdoms period. Wikidata's Chinese label is 軻比能, written 轲比能 in simplified characters, with the variant 柯比能, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is also under 軻比能, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata gives his life as 172 to 235, his manner of death as homicide, and his ethnic group as Xianbei.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Rise\n\nChinese Wikipedia says that after the death of Tanshihuai, the leader of the Xianbei confederation, the confederation broke up. Kebineng came from a minor Xianbei clan and was described as brave and strong, fair in judgment and not greedy, so the people chose him as great leader. He held the area of Dai and Shanggu commanderies. His tribe lay near the northern border of Han, and after Yuan Shao took Hebei, many Han people fled beyond the frontier to join him, taught the Xianbei to make weapons, armor and shields, and taught them writing. He ruled his people on the Chinese pattern, set up laws, and hung banners when he went out hunting, directing advance and retreat by drum.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Relations with Cao Wei\n\nThe article says that in the Jian'an years he sent tribute to Cao Cao and asked for trade. He helped Cao Cao put down local revolts, but he also raided Han territory and helped the Wuhuan of Dai commandery harass the border, and was heavily defeated by Cao Zhang and driven beyond the frontier, after which he again sent tribute. In 220 he sent envoys with horses, and Cao Pi made him King Who Submits to Righteousness, and Xianbei and Wei traded in peace. He later fought Suli, the great leader of the eastern Xianbei, and Budugen, grandson of Tanshihuai, and forced Budugen back to Taiyuan and Yanmen. In 224 he attacked Suli again, Wei sent troops to intervene and defeated his subordinate Suonu, and he wrote to Wei to explain. After an attack by Tian Yu, colonel who protects the Wuhuan, he rebelled against Wei and raided You and Bing provinces.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Power and end\n\nAfterwards his people grew strong and were said to have over a hundred thousand mounted archers. Whatever plunder he took he shared equally with the others and kept nothing for himself, so his men were ready to die for him and the other great leaders feared and respected him, though he never matched the strength of Tanshihuai. In 228 his son-in-law Yuzhujian was attacked by Tian Yu, and Kebineng sent thirty thousand cavalry to help, surrounding Tian Yu at Macheng, and left only when Yan Zhi persuaded him. In 233 he lured Budugen into a marriage alliance, Budugen joined him, and together they raided Bing province and were defeated by the Wei general Qin Lang and withdrew north of the desert. Kebineng later killed Budugen, absorbed the Xianbei groups and unified most of the land south of the desert. In 235 Wang Xiong, governor of You province in Wei, sent the assassin Han Long, who killed him, and his younger brother was set up as leader. The article also notes that the Book of Jin calls his descendants the Khitan.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Kebineng (軻比能), also written 柯比能[^wikidata]\n- Role: Xianbei chieftain[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Life: 172 to 235[^wikidata]\n- Manner of death: homicide, killed by an assassin[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124415807|轲比能]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/ke-bi-neng.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 172, "display": "172" }, "death": { "year": 235, "display": "235" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_douban_6c11fa034a2a", "type": "person", "title": "凯文·莱恩·凯勒", "slug": "kevin-lane-keller", "previousSlugs": [ "douban-author-kai-wen-lai-en-kai-lei" ], "summary": "凯文·莱恩·凯勒，拥有康奈尔大学数学与经济学学士学位、卡内基-梅隆大学管理工程硕士学位及杜克大学营销学博士学位,曾执教于加州大学伯克利分校、北卡罗来纳大学等高校 。早年先后在卡内基-梅隆大学、杜克大学完成管理工程与营销学深造,后于多所顶尖商学院从事教学工作。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online", "title": "凯文·莱恩·凯勒", "url": "https://baike.baidu.com/view/1330842.htm?forcehttps=1?fr=kg_hanyu" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T01:09:27+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T10:03:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 生平与创作\n\n拥有康奈尔大学数学与经济学学士学位、卡内基-梅隆大学管理工程硕士学位及杜克大学营销学博士学位,曾执教于加州大学伯克利分校、北卡罗来纳大学等高校 。早年先后在卡内基-梅隆大学、杜克大学完成管理工程与营销学深造,后于多所顶尖商学院从事教学工作。1993年发表的《基于顾客的品牌资产》论文首创CBBE理论,奠定其在品牌管理领域的学术地位 。与菲利普·科特勒合著《营销管理》第16版,提出营销需结合定量分析与创新思维 。其著作《战略品牌管理》系统构建品牌资产创建、评估及管理体系,被全球商学院列为核心教材 。[^online]", "url": "/people/kevin-lane-keller.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作家" ], "personCategory": "作家" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_df7af4b6c9df", "type": "person", "title": "江觉迟", "slug": "jiang-jue-chi", "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-jiang-jue-chi" ], "summary": "江觉迟是《酥油》的作者。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-153", "title": "酥油", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/153", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "web-chinawriter-jiang-jue-chi", "title": "《酥油》作者江觉迟", "url": "http://www.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2019/1030/c405080-31427911.html", "locator": "籍贯、2005年支教、草原孤儿学校、《雪莲花》" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:35:40+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T09:44:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "## 概况\n\n江觉迟，安徽桐城人，作家[^web-chinawriter-jiang-jue-chi]。2005年，她带上个人全部积蓄，只身来到西部高原支教、帮扶，创办草原孤儿学校，救助帮扶了一百多个孩子[^web-chinawriter-jiang-jue-chi]。\n\n## 创作\n\n江觉迟根据自己在藏区草原义工支教的经历写成长篇小说《[[work_hnlib_376121f21710|酥油]]》[^online-153]，此后又出版自传体长篇小说《雪莲花》等作品[^web-chinawriter-jiang-jue-chi]。", "url": "/people/jiang-jue-chi.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p3333_1_4_d1_1_jul_2022", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022", "slug": "ieee-std-p3333-1-4-d1-1-jul-2022", "aliases": [ "P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022", "P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022 - IEEE Draft Recommended Practice for the Quality Assessment of Light Field Imaging" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Draft Recommended Practice for the Quality Assessment of Light Field Imaging”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2022 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=9845368", "locator": "standard_number=P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:30:53+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:30:53+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P3333.1.4/D1.1, Jul 2022**（IEEE Draft Recommended Practice for the Quality Assessment of Light Field Imaging）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2022 年 7 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Photonics and Electrooptics[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p3333-1-4-d1-1-jul-2022.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2022, "precision": "year", "display": "2022年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p62704_3_d4_2017", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P62704-3/D4, 2017", "slug": "ieee-std-p62704-3-d4-2017", "aliases": [ "P62704-3/D4, 2017", "P62704-3/D4, 2017 - IEC/IEEE Approved Draft International Standard - Determining the Peak Spatial-Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz " ], "summary": "IEEE Std P62704-3/D4, 2017 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEC/IEEE Approved Draft International Standard - Determining the Peak Spatial-Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2017 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P62704-3/D4, 2017 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=7852425", "locator": "standard_number=P62704-3/D4, 2017; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:29:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:29:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P62704-3/D4, 2017**（IEC/IEEE Approved Draft International Standard - Determining the Peak Spatial-Average Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2017 年，主题领域包括 Communication, Networking and Broadcast Technologies、Signal Processing and Analysis[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p62704-3-d4-2017.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2017, "precision": "year", "display": "2017年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p3158_1_d3_0_apr_2025", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025", "slug": "ieee-std-p3158-1-d3-0-apr-2025", "aliases": [ "P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025", "P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025 - IEEE Draft Standard for Testing and Performance of a Trusted Data Matrix System" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Draft Standard for Testing and Performance of a Trusted Data Matrix System”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2025 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=10988763", "locator": "standard_number=P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:28:13+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:28:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P3158.1/D3.0, Apr 2025**（IEEE Draft Standard for Testing and Performance of a Trusted Data Matrix System）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2025 年 4 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Computing and Processing[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p3158-1-d3-0-apr-2025.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2025, "precision": "year", "display": "2025年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_993_1997", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 993-1997", "slug": "ieee-std-993-1997", "aliases": [ "993-1997", "993-1997 - IEEE Standard for Test Equipment Description Language (TEDL)" ], "summary": "IEEE Std 993-1997 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“IEEE Standard for Test Equipment Description Language (TEDL)”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），已撤回（Withdrawn），著录年份为 1997 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 993-1997 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=4507", "locator": "standard_number=993-1997; status=Inactive; modifier=Withdrawn" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:27:58+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:27:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 993-1997**（IEEE Standard for Test Equipment Description Language (TEDL)）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），已撤回（Withdrawn），著录年份为 1997 年，主题领域包括 Power, Energy and Industry Applications、Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-993-1997.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 1997, "precision": "year", "display": "1997年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_929_1988", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 929-1988", "slug": "ieee-std-929-1988", "aliases": [ "929-1988", "929-1988 - IEEE Recommended Practice for Utility Interface of Residential and Intermediate Photovoltaic (PV) Systems" ], "summary": "IEEE Std 929-1988 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“IEEE Recommended Practice for Utility Interface of Residential and Intermediate Photovoltaic (PV) Systems”；公开目录标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 1987 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 929-1988 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=2562", "locator": "standard_number=929-1988; status=Superseded; modifier=" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:44+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 929-1988**（IEEE Recommended Practice for Utility Interface of Residential and Intermediate Photovoltaic (PV) Systems）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 1987 年，主题领域包括 Power, Energy and Industry Applications[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-929-1988.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 1987, "precision": "year", "display": "1987年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p535_d11_june2013", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P535/D11, June2013", "slug": "ieee-std-p535-d11-june2013", "aliases": [ "P535/D11, June2013", "P535/D11, June2013 - IEEE Approved Draft Standard for Qualification of Class 1E Vented Lead Acid Storage Batteries for Nuclear Power Generating Stations" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P535/D11, June2013 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Approved Draft Standard for Qualification of Class 1E Vented Lead Acid Storage Batteries for Nuclear Power Generating Stations”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2013 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P535/D11, June2013 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=6576797", "locator": "standard_number=P535/D11, June2013; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:34+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:34+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P535/D11, June2013**（IEEE Approved Draft Standard for Qualification of Class 1E Vented Lead Acid Storage Batteries for Nuclear Power Generating Stations）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2013 年，主题领域包括 Power, Energy and Industry Applications、Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p535-d11-june2013.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2013, "precision": "year", "display": "2013年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p3004_3_d3_apr_2020", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020", "slug": "ieee-std-p3004-3-d3-apr-2020", "aliases": [ "P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020", "P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020 - IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for the Application of Low-Voltage Fuses in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for the Application of Low-Voltage Fuses in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2020 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=9075452", "locator": "standard_number=P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:02+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:26:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P3004.3/D3, Apr 2020**（IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for the Application of Low-Voltage Fuses in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2020 年 4 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems、Power, Energy and Industry Applications[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p3004-3-d3-apr-2020.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2020, "precision": "year", "display": "2020年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_8802_11_2005", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 8802-11-2005", "slug": "ieee-std-8802-11-2005", "aliases": [ "8802-11-2005", "8802-11-2005 - ISO/IEC International Standard - Information technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-- Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements--Part " ], "summary": "IEEE Std 8802-11-2005 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“ISO/IEC International Standard - Information technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-- Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements--Part”；公开目录标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2005 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 8802-11-2005 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=4140841", "locator": "standard_number=8802-11-2005; status=Superseded; modifier=" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:24:07+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:24:07+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 8802-11-2005**（ISO/IEC International Standard - Information technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-- Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements--Part）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2005 年，主题领域包括 Communication, Networking and Broadcast Technologies[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-8802-11-2005.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2005, "precision": "year", "display": "2005年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p29119_8_dis_sept_2025", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025", "slug": "ieee-std-p29119-8-dis-sept-2025", "aliases": [ "P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025", "P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025 - ISO/IEC/IEEE Draft International Standard for Software and systems engineering -- Software testing -- Part 8: Model-based Testing" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“ISO/IEC/IEEE Draft International Standard for Software and systems engineering -- Software testing -- Part 8: Model-based Testing”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2025 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=11150685", "locator": "standard_number=P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:22:36+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:22:36+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P29119-8/DIS, Sept 2025**（ISO/IEC/IEEE Draft International Standard for Software and systems engineering -- Software testing -- Part 8: Model-based Testing）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2025 年 9 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Computing and Processing、Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p29119-8-dis-sept-2025.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2025, "precision": "year", "display": "2025年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_802_3cg_2019", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 802.3cg-2019", "slug": "ieee-std-802-3cg-2019", "aliases": [ "802.3cg-2019", "802.3cg-2019 - IEEE Standard for Ethernet - Amendment 5: Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 10 Mb/s Operation and Associated Power Delivery over a Single Balanced Pair of Cond" ], "summary": "IEEE Std 802.3cg-2019 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“IEEE Standard for Ethernet - Amendment 5: Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 10 Mb/s Operation and Associated Power Delivery over a Single Balanced Pair of Cond”；公开目录标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2020 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 802.3cg-2019 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=8982249", "locator": "standard_number=802.3cg-2019; status=Superseded; modifier=" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:22:11+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:22:11+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 802.3cg-2019**（IEEE Standard for Ethernet - Amendment 5: Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for 10 Mb/s Operation and Associated Power Delivery over a Single Balanced Pair of Cond）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2020 年，主题领域包括 Communication, Networking and Broadcast Technologies、Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems、Computing and Processing[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-802-3cg-2019.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2020, "precision": "year", "display": "2020年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_802_3at_2009", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 802.3at-2009", "slug": "ieee-std-802-3at-2009", "aliases": [ "802.3at-2009", "802.3at-2009 - IEEE Standard for Information technology-- Local and metropolitan area networks-- Specific requirements-- Part 3: CSMA/CD Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications Amendment 3: Da" ], "summary": "IEEE Std 802.3at-2009 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“IEEE Standard for Information technology-- Local and metropolitan area networks-- Specific requirements-- Part 3: CSMA/CD Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications Amendment 3: Da”；公开目录标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2009 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 802.3at-2009 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=5306741", "locator": "standard_number=802.3at-2009; status=Superseded; modifier=" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:21:57+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:21:57+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 802.3at-2009**（IEEE Standard for Information technology-- Local and metropolitan area networks-- Specific requirements-- Part 3: CSMA/CD Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications Amendment 3: Da）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为已被替代（Superseded），著录年份为 2009 年，主题领域包括 Communication, Networking and Broadcast Technologies[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-802-3at-2009.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2009, "precision": "year", "display": "2009年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p2888_4_d3_oct_2023", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023", "slug": "ieee-std-p2888-4-d3-oct-2023", "aliases": [ "P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023", "P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023 - IEEE Approved Draft Standard on Architecture for Virtual Reality Disaster Response Training System with Six degrees of Freedom (6 DoF)" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Approved Draft Standard on Architecture for Virtual Reality Disaster Response Training System with Six degrees of Freedom (6 DoF)”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2023 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=10281367", "locator": "standard_number=P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:21:41+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:21:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P2888.4/D3, Oct 2023**（IEEE Approved Draft Standard on Architecture for Virtual Reality Disaster Response Training System with Six degrees of Freedom (6 DoF)）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2023 年 10 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Computing and Processing[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p2888-4-d3-oct-2023.html", "lang": "en", "sourceLang": "zh", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2023, "precision": "year", "display": "2023年" }, "language": "英语" } ], "lang": "en", "pagination": { "page": 872, "pageSize": 50, "total": 82319, "pageCount": 1000, "prevUrl": "/en/hot-871.json", "nextUrl": "/en/hot-873.json" } }