postgres Read people, places, events, organizations, works, and concepts through sourced relations. /en/index-463.html line_opened 28 December 2022 line_last_extension 18 June 2026 line_length 40.72 km line_stations 37 line_termini Foshan University station – Shunde Port station concept_foshan_metro_line_3 concept foshan-metro-line-3 佛山地铁3号线

Line 3 (Foshan Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2022, 40.72 km long, with 37 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Foshan/foshan_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 4,9,11,12; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10886733 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%813%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:13+08:00 user:admin 24 ## Overview Line 3 (Foshan Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2022[^wikidata], 40.72 km long[^wikidata], with 37 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 38 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_foshan_foshandaxue|Foshan University station]] - [[place_foshan_nanhaidaxuecheng|Nanhai University Town station]] - [[place_foshan_boaizhonglu|Bo'ai Zhonglu station]] - [[place_foshan_keshenglu|Kesheng Lu station]] - [[place_foshan_xingyedonglu|Xingye Donglu station]] - [[place_foshan_foshanxi|Foshan West Railway Station]] - [[place_foshan_luocun|Luocun Station]] - [[place_foshan_xiaodedong|Xiaode Dong station]] - [[place_foshan_lianhe|Lianhe station]] - Foshan Railway Station - Dunhou station - [[place_foshan_zhongshangongyuan|Zhongshan Park station]] - [[place_foshan_diejiao|Diejiao station]] - [[place_foshan_xiyue|Xiyue station]] - [[place_foshan_guicheng|Guicheng station]] - [[place_foshan_zhenan|Zhen'an station]] - [[place_foshan_jihualiulu|Jihua Liulu station]] - [[place_foshan_yayigongyuan|Yayi Park station]] - [[place_foshan_wanhua|Wanhua station]] - [[place_foshan_dongping|Dongping Station]] - [[place_foshan_dadun|Dadun station]] - [[place_foshan_yuebu|Yuebu station]] - Tanzhou Convention & Exhibition Center station - [[place_foshan_beijiaoxi|Beijiao West Railway Station]] - [[place_foshan_gaocun|Gaocun station]] - [[place_foshan_beijiaogongyuan|Beijiao Park station]] - [[place_foshan_guangjiao|Guangjiao station]] - [[place_foshan_lunjiao|Lunjiao station]] - [[place_foshan_licun|Licun station]] - [[place_foshan_shunderenminyiyuan|The First People's Hospital of Shunde station]] - [[place_foshan_huanshibei|Huanshi Bei station]] - [[place_foshan_daliangzhonglou|Daliang Zhonglou station]] - [[place_foshan_donglelu|Dongle Lu station]] - [[place_foshan_jurongbeilu|Jurong Beilu station]] - [[place_foshan_shundeyizhong|Shunde No.1 High School station]] - [[place_foshan_shundehuanlehaian|Shunde OCT Harbour PLUS station]] - [[place_foshan_shundexueyuan|Shunde College Railway Station]] - Shunde Port station /concepts/foshan-metro-line-3.html en zh ar en es fr ja pt ru tr metro_line line_opened 2025年8月29日 line_stations 25（2025年开通方案） concept_ningbo_metro_line_7 concept ningbo-metro-line-7

宁波地铁7号线是连接鄞州和镇海的城市轨道交通线路。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line opening-2025 https://www.camet.org.cn/sy/xydt/713568088526917.shtml 2025年9月23日采编；线路概况与换乘 time-202508 https://news.cnnb.com.cn/system/2025/08/28/030695862.shtml 2025年8月28日；宁波轨道交通首末班时刻表原图 camet-2025 https://infosharingp2-oss.camet.org.cn/resources/manual/2026/01/04/759313381470277.pdf 2026年1月1日；2025年新增运营线路表 six-opening-2026 https://npo31573b.npoall.com/news/itemid-227318.html 2026年1月15日；开通方案中的换乘站 operator-query-20261028 https://wx1.ditiego.net/MetroService/Station/GetStationFirstAndEndTime?lineNo=7 双向逐站首末班时刻，2026年10月29日查询。 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:37+08:00 user:admin 7 ## 概况 宁波地铁7号线连接鄞州云龙与镇海俞范，途经邱隘、东部新城、三江口、老外滩、湾头、庄桥及镇海新城。线路于2025年8月29日开通，开通时长39.4公里、设25站，均为地下线。[^opening-2025][^camet-2025] ## 换乘 2025年开通时，盛莫路站可换乘1号线，外滩大桥站换乘2号线，体育馆站换乘3号线，小洋江站换乘4号线，民安东路站、镇海大道（慈海）站换乘5号线。[^opening-2025] 宁波大剧院站与6号线换乘。[^six-opening-2026] ## 营业时间与首末班车 2025年开通初期，各站双向首末班时刻如下。[^time-202508] | 车站 | 往云龙首班 | 往云龙末班 | 往俞范首班 | 往俞范末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 俞范 | 06:00 | 22:00 | — | — | | 明海北路 | 06:03 | 22:03 | 06:37 | 22:59 | | 贵驷 | 06:06 | 22:06 | 06:35 | 22:56 | | 镇海市民广场 | 06:08 | 22:08 | 06:33 | 22:54 | | 镇海大道 | 06:10 | 22:10 | 06:30 | 22:52 | | 骆兴 | 06:13 | 22:13 | 06:28 | 22:49 | | 应嘉路 | 06:16 | 22:16 | 06:25 | 22:46 | | 宁慈东路 | 06:20 | 22:20 | 06:21 | 22:42 | | 云飞路 | 06:00 | 22:22 | 06:18 | 22:40 | | 湾头 | 06:02 | 22:25 | 06:16 | 22:37 | | 宁波大剧院 | 06:05 | 22:27 | 06:13 | 22:35 | | 外滩大桥 | 06:07 | 22:30 | 06:11 | 22:32 | | 曙光 | 06:09 | 22:32 | 06:08 | 22:30 | | 体育馆 | 06:12 | 22:35 | 06:06 | 22:27 | | 福民公园 | 06:14 | 22:37 | 06:04 | 22:25 | | 新天路 | 06:16 | 22:39 | 06:02 | 22:23 | | 民安东路 | 06:18 | 22:41 | 06:00 | 22:21 | | 北明程路 | 06:21 | 22:43 | 06:18 | 22:18 | | 盛莫路 | 06:23 | 22:46 | 06:15 | 22:16 | | 邱隘 | 06:25 | 22:48 | 06:13 | 22:14 | | 尚德路 | 06:28 | 22:51 | 06:11 | 22:11 | | 回龙 | 06:30 | 22:53 | 06:08 | 22:08 | | 安石路 | 06:34 | 22:57 | 06:05 | 22:05 | | 小洋江 | 06:37 | 23:00 | 06:02 | 22:02 | | 云龙 | — | — | 06:00 | 22:00 | ### 运营方查询的双向首末班 2026年10月29日查询的双向首末班时刻如下。[^operator-query-20261028] | 车站 | 往俞范首班 | 往俞范末班 | 往云龙首班 | 往云龙末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 云龙 | 06:00 | 22:00 | — | — | | 小洋江 | 06:02 | 22:02 | 06:37 | 23:00 | | 安石路 | 06:05 | 22:05 | 06:34 | 22:57 | | 回龙 | 06:08 | 22:08 | 06:30 | 22:53 | | 尚德路 | 06:11 | 22:11 | 06:28 | 22:51 | | 邱隘 | 06:13 | 22:13 | 06:25 | 22:48 | | 盛莫路 | 06:15 | 22:15 | 06:23 | 22:46 | | 北明程路 | 06:18 | 22:18 | 06:21 | 22:43 | | 民安东路 | 06:00 | 22:20 | 06:18 | 22:41 | | 新天路 | 06:02 | 22:23 | 06:16 | 22:39 | | 福民公园 | 06:04 | 22:25 | 06:14 | 22:37 | | 体育馆 | 06:06 | 22:27 | 06:12 | 22:35 | | 曙光 | 06:08 | 22:29 | 06:09 | 22:32 | | 外滩大桥 | 06:11 | 22:32 | 06:07 | 22:30 | | 宁波大剧院 | 06:13 | 22:34 | 06:05 | 22:27 | | 湾头 | 06:16 | 22:37 | 06:02 | 22:25 | | 云飞路（康桥南） | 06:18 | 22:39 | 06:00 | 22:22 | | 宁慈东路 | 06:21 | 22:42 | 06:20 | 22:20 | | 应嘉路 | 06:25 | 22:45 | 06:16 | 22:16 | | 骆兴 | 06:28 | 22:49 | 06:13 | 22:13 | | 镇海大道（慈海） | 06:30 | 22:51 | 06:10 | 22:10 | | 镇海市民广场 | 06:33 | 22:54 | 06:08 | 22:08 | | 贵驷 | 06:35 | 22:56 | 06:06 | 22:06 | | 明海北路 | 06:37 | 22:58 | 06:03 | 22:03 | | 俞范 | — | — | 06:00 | 22:00 | /concepts/ningbo-metro-line-7.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 1 July 2014 line_last_extension 26 May 2018 line_stations 9 line_termini Nanjing South Railway Station – Konggangxinchengjiangning Station line_structure elevated, underground line_status In operation concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities1haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities1haoxian 南京地铁S1号线

Line S1 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 1 July 2014, with 9 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 16,35; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10946118 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S1%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:34+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Line S1 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 1 July 2014[^zhwiki], with 9 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 9 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_nanjingnan|Nanjing South Railway Station]] - [[place_nanjing_cuipingshan|Cuipingshan Station]] - [[place_nanjing_hehaidaxue_fuchengxilu|Hohai University – Fochengxilu station]] - [[place_nanjing_jiyindadao|Jiyindadao station]] - [[place_nanjing_zhengfangzhonglu|Zhengfangzhonglu station]] - [[place_nanjing_xiangyulubei|Xiangyulubei station]] - [[place_nanjing_xiangyulunan|Xiangyulunan station]] - [[place_nanjing_lukoujichang|Lukou International Airport station]] - [[place_nanjing_konggangxinchengjiangning|Konggangxinchengjiangning Station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities1haoxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 28 December 2021 line_stations 13 line_termini Jurong station – Maqun station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities6haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities6haoxian 南京地铁S6号线

Line S6 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2021, with 13 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 4,32; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10945834 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S6%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:34+08:00 user:admin 10 ## Overview Line S6 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2021[^zhwiki], with 13 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 13 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_jurong|Jurong station]] - [[place_nanjing_chongming|Chongming station]] - [[place_nanjing_huayang|Huayang station]] - Tongshijie Station - [[place_nanjing_huangmei|Huangmei Station]] - [[place_nanjing_quandoudajie|泉都大街站]] - [[place_nanjing_tangshan|Tangshan station]] - [[place_nanjing_nanjingyuanrendong|Nanjingyuanrendong Station]] - [[place_nanjing_guquan|Guquan station]] - [[place_nanjing_dongjiaoxiaozhen|Dongjiaoxiaozhen Station]] - [[place_nanjing_qilinmen|Qilinmen Station]] - [[place_nanjing_baishuiqiao|Baishuiqiao Station]] - [[place_nanjing_maqun|Maqun station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities6haoxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 26 May 2018 line_length 30.82 km line_stations 9 line_termini Konggangxinchengjiangning Station – Wuxiangshan Station line_status In operation concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities7haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities7haoxian 南京地铁S7号线

Line S7 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 26 May 2018, 30.82 km long, with 9 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 5,6; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10946062 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S7%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:34+08:00 user:admin 10 ## Overview Line S7 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 26 May 2018[^zhwiki], 30.82 km long[^wikidata], with 9 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 9 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_konggangxinchengjiangning|Konggangxinchengjiangning Station]] - [[place_nanjing_zhetang|Zhetang Station]] - [[place_nanjing_konggangxinchenglishui|Konggangxinchenglishui Station]] - [[place_nanjing_qunli|Qunli station]] - [[place_nanjing_wolonghu|Wolonghu station]] - [[place_nanjing_lishui|Lishui Station]] - [[place_nanjing_zhongshanhu|Zhongshanhu Station]] - [[place_nanjing_xingzhuang|Xingzhuang station]] - [[place_nanjing_wuxiangshan|Wuxiangshan Station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities7haoxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 2025年6月30日 line_termini 开元路站—寒松路站（2025年开通区段） line_structure 地下 line_stations 18（2025年开通时） concept_ningbo_metro_line_8 concept ningbo-metro-line-8

宁波地铁8号线是连接宁波中心城区东南和西北方向的城市轨道交通线路。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line opening-2025 https://zjnews.zjol.com.cn/zjnews/202506/t20250628_31080286.shtml 2025年6月28日；开通计划、换乘及开通初期首末班 camet-2025 https://infosharingp2-oss.camet.org.cn/resources/manual/2026/01/04/759313381470277.pdf 2026年1月1日；2025年新增运营线路表 six-opening-2026 https://npo31573b.npoall.com/news/itemid-227318.html 2026年1月15日；开通方案中的换乘站 operator-query-20261028 https://wx1.ditiego.net/MetroService/Station/GetStationFirstAndEndTime?lineNo=8 双向逐站首末班时刻，2026年10月29日查询。 eight-opening-operator-202506 https://www.camet.org.cn/sy/xydt/738337580294213.shtml 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:29+08:00 user:admin 8 ## 概况 宁波地铁8号线一期连接城市东南与西北方向，沿线经过鄞州下应、高教园区、南部商务区、钟公庙、海曙段塘、丽园路和青林湾等区域，延伸至江北洪塘片区。一期全长23.3公里、均为地下线，工程设19座车站；2025年6月30日开元路至寒松路段开通时设18座车站。[^opening-2025][^camet-2025] ## 换乘 2025年开通时，泽民站换乘1号线，丽园南路站换乘2号线，南部商务区站换乘3号线，洪大路站换乘4号线，庙堰站换乘5号线。[^opening-2025] ## 营业时间与首末班车 2025年6月30日10:00开通载客；开通初期常规两端始发首班均为06:00、末班均为22:00，全程约38分钟，高峰、平峰、低峰行车间隔分别为6、8、10分钟。[^opening-2025] ### 运营方查询的双向首末班 2026年10月29日查询的双向首末班时刻如下。[^operator-query-20261028] | 车站 | 往开元路首班 | 往开元路末班 | 往寒松路首班 | 往寒松路末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 寒松路 | 06:00 | 22:00 | — | — | | 学府路 | 06:03 | 22:03 | 06:36 | 22:36 | | 南部商务区 | 06:05 | 22:05 | 06:34 | 22:34 | | 鄞州公园南 | 06:07 | 22:07 | 06:32 | 22:32 | | 庙堰 | 06:10 | 22:10 | 06:29 | 22:29 | | 堇山西路 | 06:12 | 22:12 | 06:27 | 22:27 | | 段塘 | 06:15 | 22:15 | 06:24 | 22:24 | | 南苑 | 06:17 | 22:17 | 06:22 | 22:22 | | 丽园南路 | 06:19 | 22:19 | 06:20 | 22:20 | | 联丰 | 06:21 | 22:21 | 06:17 | 22:17 | | 泽民 | 06:24 | 22:24 | 06:15 | 22:15 | | 青林湾 | 06:28 | 22:28 | 06:11 | 22:11 | | 榭嘉 | 06:31 | 22:31 | 06:08 | 22:08 | | 洪大路 | 06:32 | 22:32 | 06:06 | 22:06 | | 洪盛路 | 06:35 | 22:35 | 06:04 | 22:04 | | 洪塘 | 06:37 | 22:37 | 06:02 | 22:02 | | 开元路 | — | — | 06:00 | 22:00 | /concepts/ningbo-metro-line-8.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 2026年1月16日 line_termini 古林站—红联站（2026年1月初期运营） line_stations 23（2026年1月初期运营口径） line_structure 地下 concept_ningbo_metro_line_6 concept ningbo-metro-line-6

宁波地铁6号线是贯穿宁波市区东西方向的城市轨道交通线路。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line crrc-opening https://www.crrcgc.cc/zj/2026-01/26/article_2026012615275556628.html 2026年1月19日；开通及初期车站范围 opening-schedule https://npo31573b.npoall.com/news/itemid-227318.html 2026年1月15日；工程范围、开通初期首末班及线网图 operator-bond-2026 https://static.sse.com.cn/disclosure/bond/announcement/company/c/new/2026-06-10/245421_20260610_JCO1.pdf 第75—76页；截至2026年3月的已运营线路 transfer-202601 https://guoqi.zjol.com.cn/yw/202601/t20260116_31457848.shtml 2026年1月16日；正大路、翠柏里站开通初期换乘安排 operator-query-20261028 https://wx1.ditiego.net/MetroService/Station/GetStationFirstAndEndTime?lineNo=6 双向逐站首末班时刻，2026年10月29日查询。 eight-opening-operator-202506 https://www.camet.org.cn/sy/xydt/738337580294213.shtml 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:28+08:00 user:admin 9 ## 概况 宁波地铁6号线是东西方向的市区轨道交通线路。2026年1月16日，一期古林站至红联站区段开通；截至2026年3月该区段共23座地下车站、运营里程35.38公里，覆盖古林集士港片区、三江口核心区、高新区和北仑小港等区域。[^operator-bond-2026] 一期工程西起宁波西站，东至红联站，长约39.6公里、设24座车站。[^opening-schedule] ## 换乘 6号线在望春桥站换乘1号线、正大路站和红联站换乘2号线、明楼站换乘3号线、翠柏里站换乘4号线、院士路站换乘5号线、宁波大剧院站换乘7号线；2026年1月开通初期，正大路和翠柏里站需站外换乘。[^opening-schedule][^transfer-202601] ## 营业时间与首末班车 2026年1月开通初期，古林站、红联站始发首班均为06:00，末班均为22:00；高峰、平峰、低峰行车间隔分别为6、8、10分钟。[^opening-schedule] ### 运营方查询的双向首末班 2026年10月29日查询的双向首末班时刻如下。[^operator-query-20261028] | 车站 | 往红联首班 | 往红联末班 | 往古林首班 | 往古林末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 古林 | 06:00 | 22:00 | — | — | | 云林西路 | 06:02 | 22:02 | 06:37 | 22:54 | | 集士港 | 06:04 | 22:04 | 06:35 | 22:52 | | 汇士路 | 06:08 | 22:08 | 06:32 | 22:49 | | 卖面桥 | 06:11 | 22:11 | 06:28 | 22:46 | | 宋家漕 | 06:13 | 22:13 | 06:26 | 22:43 | | 望春桥 | 06:00 | 22:16 | 06:23 | 22:40 | | 翠柏里 | 06:04 | 22:21 | 06:18 | 22:35 | | 新芝路 | 06:06 | 22:23 | 06:16 | 22:34 | | 宁波大剧院 | 06:09 | 22:25 | 06:14 | 22:31 | | 正大路 | 06:11 | 22:27 | 06:12 | 22:29 | | 庆丰桥东 | 06:14 | 22:30 | 06:09 | 22:26 | | 明楼 | 06:16 | 22:33 | 06:06 | 22:24 | | 明珠路 | 06:18 | 22:35 | 06:04 | 22:21 | | 沧海北路 | 06:20 | 22:37 | 06:02 | 22:19 | | 院士路 | 06:23 | 22:40 | 06:00 | 22:17 | | 聚贤路 | 06:25 | 22:42 | 06:14 | 22:14 | | 梅墟 | 06:28 | 22:45 | 06:11 | 22:11 | | 谢墅 | 06:32 | 22:49 | 06:08 | 22:08 | | 小港西 | 06:35 | 22:52 | 06:05 | 22:05 | | 衙前 | 06:37 | 22:54 | 06:02 | 22:02 | | 红联 | — | — | 06:00 | 22:00 | /concepts/ningbo-metro-line-6.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 1 August 2014 line_last_extension 30 September 2022 line_stations 19 line_termini Changjiangdaqiaobei station – Jinniuhu station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities8haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities8haoxian 南京地铁S8号线

Line S8 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 1 August 2014, with 19 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 12,38; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10945880 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S8%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:24+08:00 user:admin 6 ## Overview Line S8 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 1 August 2014[^zhwiki], with 19 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 19 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_changjiangdaqiaobei|Changjiangdaqiaobei station]] - [[place_nanjing_maofangchanglu|Maofangchanglu Station]] - [[place_nanjing_taishanxincun|Taishanxincun station]] - [[place_nanjing_taifenglu|Taifenglu station]] - [[place_nanjing_gaoxinkaifaqu|Gaoxin Development Zone station]] - [[place_nanjing_xinxigongchengdaxue|Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology station]] - [[place_nanjing_xiejiadian|Xiejiadian station]] - [[place_nanjing_dachang|Dachang station]] - [[place_nanjing_getang|Getang station]] - [[place_nanjing_zhanglu|Changlu station]] - [[place_nanjing_huagongyuan|Huagongyuan station]] - [[place_nanjing_liuhekaifaqu|Luhe Development Zone station]] - [[place_nanjing_longchi|Longchi station]] - [[place_nanjing_xiongzhou|Xiongzhou station]] - [[place_nanjing_fenghuangshangongyuan|Fenghuangshangongyuan station]] - [[place_nanjing_fangzhouguangchang|Fangzhouguangchang station]] - [[place_nanjing_shenqiao|Shenqiao station]] - [[place_nanjing_babaiqiao|Babaiqiao station]] - [[place_nanjing_jinniuhu|Jinniuhu station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities8haoxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 2026年9月22日 line_stations 10 line_termini 小洋江站—大目湾站 line_structure 地下、高架 concept_ningbo_metro_line_12 concept ningbo-metro-line-12 宁象线 宁波市域铁路象山线

宁波轨道交通12号线是连接宁波中心城区和象山县的市域铁路。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line opened https://wap.sasac.gov.cn/n2588025/n2588129/c35973188/content.html 2026年9月；通车报道 opening https://nb.ifeng.com/c/8wbOOJAKn6s 2026年9月21日；开通方案与首末班时刻表原图 october https://www.cnxsg.cn/yw/202610/t20261015_7757649.shtml 2026年10月15日；10月19日起调整 operator-query-20261028 https://wx1.ditiego.net/MetroService/Station/GetStationFirstAndEndTime?lineNo=12 双向逐站首末班时刻，2026年10月29日查询。 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:22+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概况 宁波轨道交通12号线，又称宁波至象山市域（郊）铁路、宁象线，是连接宁波中心城区和象山县的市域铁路，2026年9月22日开通运营。[^opened]线路全长61.45公里，设10座车站，其中2座地下站、8座高架站；线路由小洋江向南，跨越象山港，抵达大目湾。[^opening] ## 车站 车站依次为：小洋江、云龙火车站、横溪、塘溪、鄞州咸祥、象山贤庠、大徐、丹城、滨海大道、大目湾。小洋江站与地铁4号线、7号线衔接。[^opening] ## 营业时间与首末班车 2026年9月22日开通当天载客运营从10:30开始。开通初期两端始发首班均为06:30、末班均为21:20，各站时刻如下。[^opening] | 车站 | 往大目湾首班 | 往大目湾末班 | 往小洋江首班 | 往小洋江末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 小洋江 | 06:30 | 21:20 | — | — | | 云龙火车站 | 06:33 | 21:23 | 07:07 | 21:57 | | 横溪 | 06:36 | 21:26 | 07:04 | 21:54 | | 塘溪 | 06:44 | 21:34 | 06:56 | 21:46 | | 鄞州咸祥 | 06:48 | 21:38 | 06:52 | 21:42 | | 象山贤庠 | 06:55 | 21:45 | 06:45 | 21:35 | | 大徐 | 07:00 | 21:50 | 06:41 | 21:31 | | 丹城 | 07:05 | 21:55 | 06:36 | 21:26 | | 滨海大道 | 07:08 | 21:58 | 06:32 | 21:22 | | 大目湾 | — | — | 06:30 | 21:20 | 开通初期另有工作日早晚高峰直快列车，中途仅停丹城。自2026年10月19日起，工作日早晚高峰直快与常规列车交替开行，间隔为6分钟、12分钟，其余时段12分钟；双休日08:00—19:00间隔8分钟，其余时段10分钟。[^opening][^october] ### 工作日直快列车（2026年10月19日起） 两方向直快列车中途仅停丹城，2026年10月19日起的发车时间如下。[^october] | 方向 | 车站 | 早高峰 | 晚高峰 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 往大目湾 | 小洋江 | 06:42、07:00、07:18、07:36、07:54、08:12 | 17:06、17:24、17:42、18:00、18:18、18:36 | | 往大目湾 | 丹城 | 07:09、07:27、07:45、08:03、08:21、08:39 | 17:33、17:51、18:09、18:27、18:45、19:03 | | 往小洋江 | 大目湾 | 06:46、07:04、07:22、07:40、07:58、08:16 | 17:10、17:28、17:46、18:04、18:22、18:40 | | 往小洋江 | 丹城 | 06:51、07:09、07:27、07:45、08:03、08:21 | 17:15、17:33、17:51、18:09、18:27、18:45 | ### 运营方查询的双向首末班 2026年10月29日查询的双向首末班时刻如下。[^operator-query-20261028] | 车站 | 往小洋江首班 | 往小洋江末班 | 往大目湾首班 | 往大目湾末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 大目湾 | 06:30 | 21:20 | — | — | | 滨海大道 | 06:33 | 21:22 | 07:08 | 21:58 | | 丹城 | 06:36 | 21:26 | 07:05 | 21:55 | | 大徐 | 06:41 | 21:31 | 07:00 | 21:50 | | 象山贤庠 | 06:46 | 21:35 | 06:55 | 21:45 | | 鄞州咸祥 | 06:53 | 21:42 | 06:48 | 21:38 | | 塘溪 | 06:58 | 21:46 | 06:44 | 21:34 | | 横溪 | 07:06 | 21:54 | 06:36 | 21:26 | | 云龙火车站 | 07:10 | 21:57 | 06:33 | 21:23 | | 小洋江 | — | — | 06:30 | 21:20 | /concepts/ningbo-metro-line-12.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 30 December 2017 line_length 52.39 km line_stations 6 line_termini Xiangyulunan station – Gaochun station line_status In operation concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities9haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities9haoxian 南京地铁S9号线

Line S9 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 30 December 2017, 52.39 km long, with 6 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 28,29; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47471478 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S9%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:21+08:00 user:admin 11 ## Overview Line S9 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 30 December 2017[^zhwiki], 52.39 km long[^wikidata], with 6 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 6 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_xiangyulunan|Xiangyulunan station]] - [[place_nanjing_tongshan|Tongshan station]] - [[place_nanjing_shijiao|Shiqiu Station]] - [[place_nanjing_mingjue|Mingjue station]] - [[place_nanjing_tuanjiewei|Tuanjiewei station]] - [[place_nanjing_gaochun|Gaochun station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities9haoxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 6 May 2016 line_length 18.7 km line_stations 3 line_structure elevated line_status In operation concept_changsha_metro_line_s2xian concept changsha-metro-line-s2xian 长沙S2线

Changsha Maglev Express is a metro line, opened on 6 May 2016, 18.7 km long, with 3 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Changsha/changsha_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 9,21; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16929000 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%B2%99%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9AS2%E7%B7%9A 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:16+08:00 user:admin 8 ## Overview Changsha Maglev Express is a metro line, opened on 6 May 2016[^wikidata], 18.7 km long[^wikidata], with 3 stations[^zhwiki]. /concepts/changsha-metro-line-s2xian.html en zh en ja metro_line line_opened 6 December 2017 line_stations 19 line_termini Nanjing South Railway Station – Gaojiachong station concept_nanjing_metro_line_dities3haoxian concept nanjing-metro-line-dities3haoxian 南京地铁S3号线

Line S3 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 6 December 2017, with 19 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 nanking/nanking_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 24,39; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10945835 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81S3%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:27:17+08:00 user:admin 11 ## Overview Line S3 (Nanjing Metro) is a metro line, opened on 6 December 2017[^zhwiki], with 19 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 19 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_nanjing_nanjingnan|Nanjing South Railway Station]] - [[place_nanjing_jingmingjiayuan|Jingmingjiayuan station]] - [[place_nanjing_tiexinqiao|Tiexinqiao station]] - [[place_nanjing_chunjianglu|Chunjianglu station]] - [[place_nanjing_jiaxi|Jiaxi station]] - [[place_nanjing_youfangqiao|Youfangqiao station]] - [[place_nanjing_yongchulu|Yongchulu station]] - [[place_nanjing_pingliangdajie|Pingliangdajie station]] - [[place_nanjing_wuhoujie|Wuhoujie station]] - [[place_nanjing_gaomiaolu|Gaomiaolu station]] - [[place_nanjing_tianbao|Tianbao station]] - [[place_nanjing_liucun|Liucun station]] - [[place_nanjing_maluowei|Maluowei station]] - [[place_nanjing_lanhuatang|Lanhuatang station]] - [[place_nanjing_shuanglong|Shuanglong station]] - [[place_nanjing_shiqihe|Shiqihe station]] - [[place_nanjing_qiaolinxincheng|Qiaolinxincheng station]] - [[place_nanjing_linshan|Linshan station]] - [[place_nanjing_gaojiachong|Gaojiachong station]] /concepts/nanjing-metro-line-dities3haoxian.html en zh en metro_line concept_foshan_metro_line_nanhaiyouguidianche1haoxian concept foshan-metro-line-nanhaiyouguidianche1haoxian

佛山南海有轨电车1号线连接𧒽岗站与林岳东站，设15座车站。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Foshan/foshan_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 8,13; status=1 official-times 广州地铁集团有限公司 https://cs.gzmtr.com/ckfw/stationInfo/index.html?line_no=TNH1&station_name=%E8%99%AB%E9%9B%B7+%E5%B2%97%EF%BC%88%E6%9C%89%E8%BD%A8%EF%BC%89 逐站服务时间接口，查询南海有轨1号线全部运营站，查阅于2026年10月27日 history 南方日报 https://pc.nfnews.com/40/7119202.html 首通段和后通段开通时间，2022年11月 2026-10-24T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:58+08:00 user:admin 4 ## 概况 佛山南海有轨电车1号线连接𧒽岗站与林岳东站，设15座车站[^official-times]。首通段𧒽岗至三山新城北于2021年8月18日开通，后通段三山新城北至林岳东于2022年11月29日开通[^history]。 2022年线路全长约14.3公里，设地下站4座、地面站4座及高架站7座。[^history] ## 车站及首末班车 2026年10月27日查询的各站双向首末班按𧒽岗至林岳东方向排列。[^official-times] - [[place_foshan_leigang|𧒽岗站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:00、末班 22:45；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 —、末班 —。 - [[place_foshan_huacuilu|华翠路站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:03、末班 22:48；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:14、末班 23:17。 - [[place_foshan_xiaxi|夏西站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:05、末班 22:50；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:12、末班 23:15。 - [[place_foshan_xiadong|夏东站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:07、末班 22:52；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:09、末班 23:12。 - [[place_foshan_kangyigongyuan|康怡公园站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:10、末班 22:55；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:07、末班 23:10。 - [[place_foshan_pingxi|平西站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:12、末班 22:57；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:05、末班 23:07。 - [[place_foshan_pingnan|平南站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:14、末班 22:59；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:02、末班 23:05。 - [[place_foshan_yuqijie|玉器街站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:00、末班 23:02；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:00、末班 23:02。 - [[place_foshan_zhongqu|中区站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:03、末班 23:05；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:14、末班 22:59。 - [[place_foshan_sanshanxinchengbei|三山新城北站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:05、末班 23:07；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:12、末班 22:57。 - [[place_foshan_wenhanhugongyuan_jihuashiyanshi|文翰湖公园(季华实验室)站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:07、末班 23:09；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:10、末班 22:55。 - [[place_foshan_sanshanxinchengnan|三山新城南站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:09、末班 23:12；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:07、末班 22:52。 - [[place_foshan_linyuebei|林岳北站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:12、末班 23:14；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:06、末班 22:51。 - [[place_foshan_linyuexi|林岳西站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 06:16、末班 23:18；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:02、末班 22:47。 - [[place_foshan_linyuedong|林岳东站]]：往林岳东（有轨）首班 —、末班 —；往𧒽岗（有轨）首班 06:00、末班 22:45。 /concepts/foshan-metro-line-nanhaiyouguidianche1haoxian.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 30 December 2017 line_length 14.4 km line_stations 9 line_termini Yancun Dong (E) station – Yanshan station line_structure elevated line_max_speed 80 km/h line_status In operation concept_beijing_metro_line_ditieyanfangxian concept beijing-metro-line-ditieyanfangxian 北京地铁燕房线

Yanfang line is a metro line, opened on 30 December 2017, 14.4 km long, with 9 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Beijing/beijing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 23,38; status=1 operator-review https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_Subway Operators / Operation and current lines table; operator identity review only, not station coverage. Retrieved 2026-10-24; CC BY-SA 4.0; original Chinese factual summary. wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8048350 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81%E7%87%95%E6%88%BF%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:47+08:00 user:admin 13 ## Overview Yanfang line is a metro line, opened on 30 December 2017[^zhwiki], 14.4 km long[^zhwiki], with 9 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 9 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_beijing_yancundong|Yancun Dong (E) station]] - [[place_beijing_zicaowu|Zicaowu station]] - [[place_beijing_yancun|Yancun Station]] - [[place_beijing_xingcheng|Xingcheng Station]] - [[place_beijing_dashihedong|Dashihe Dong (E) station]] - [[place_beijing_magezhuang|Magezhuang Station]] - [[place_beijing_raoyuefu|Raolefu station]] - [[place_beijing_fangshanchengguan|Fangshan Chengguan station]] - [[place_beijing_yanshan|Yanshan station]] /concepts/beijing-metro-line-ditieyanfangxian.html en zh en fr pt th metro_line concept_guangzhou_metro_line_haizhuyouguidianche1haoxian concept guangzhou-metro-line-haizhuyouguidianche1haoxian

广州海珠有轨电车1号线连接广州塔与万胜围。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Guangzhou/guangzhou_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 37,64; status=1 operator-review https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Metro Operators / Operation and current lines table; operator identity review only, not station coverage. Retrieved 2026-10-24; CC BY-SA 4.0; original Chinese factual summary. tram-review https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Tram Infobox operator and lines; CC BY-SA 4.0; retrieved 2026-10-24. official-times 广州地铁集团有限公司 https://cs.gzmtr.com/ckfw/stationInfo/index.html?line_no=THZ1&station_name=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%A1%94%EF%BC%88%E6%9C%89%E8%BD%A8%EF%BC%89 逐站服务时间接口，查询海珠有轨全部运营站，查阅于2026年10月27日 2026-10-24T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:53+08:00 user:admin 4 ## 概况 广州海珠有轨电车1号线是广州市海珠区的有轨电车线路，连接广州塔与万胜围[^official-times]。 ## 车站及首末班车 2026年10月27日查询的各站双向首末班按广州塔至万胜围方向排列。[^official-times] - [[place_guangzhou_guangzhouta|广州塔（有轨）]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:30、末班 22:30；往广州塔（有轨）首班 —、末班 —。 - [[place_guangzhou_liededaqiaonan|猎德大桥南站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:33、末班 22:33；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:46、末班 23:19。 - [[place_guangzhou_pati|琶醍站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:34、末班 22:35；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:45、末班 23:17。 - [[place_guangzhou_nanfeng|南风站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:37、末班 22:38；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:42、末班 23:14。 - [[place_guangzhou_huizhanzhong|会展中站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:40、末班 22:42；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:39、末班 23:10。 - [[place_guangzhou_huizhandong|会展东站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:42、末班 22:44；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:37、末班 23:08。 - [[place_guangzhou_pazhoudaqiaonan|琶洲大桥南站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:44、末班 22:46；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:35、末班 23:06。 - [[place_guangzhou_pazhouta|琶洲塔站]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 07:46、末班 22:49；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:33、末班 23:03。 - [[place_guangzhou_wanshengwei|万胜围（有轨）]]：往万胜围（有轨）首班 —、末班 —；往广州塔（有轨）首班 07:30、末班 23:00。 /concepts/guangzhou-metro-line-haizhuyouguidianche1haoxian.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 31 December 2021 line_length 20.9 km line_stations 10 line_termini Xingong station – Mudanyuan station line_structure underground line_max_speed 100 km/h concept_beijing_metro_line_19 concept beijing-metro-line-19 北京地铁19号线

Line 19 (Beijing Subway) is a metro line, opened on 31 December 2021, 20.9 km long, with 10 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Beijing/beijing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 15,49; status=1 operator-review https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_Subway Operators / Operation and current lines table; operator identity review only, not station coverage. Retrieved 2026-10-24; CC BY-SA 4.0; original Chinese factual summary. wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553202 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%8119%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:40+08:00 user:admin 9 ## Overview Line 19 (Beijing Subway) is a metro line, opened on 31 December 2021[^zhwiki], 20.9 km long[^zhwiki], with 10 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 10 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_beijing_xingong|Xingong station]] - [[place_beijing_xinfadi|Xinfadi Station]] - [[place_beijing_caoqiao|Caoqiao station]] - [[place_beijing_jingfengmen|Jingfengmen station]] - [[place_beijing_niujie|Niujie Station]] - [[place_beijing_taipingqiao|Taipingqiao Station]] - [[place_beijing_pinganli|Ping'anli station]] - [[place_beijing_jishuitan|Jishuitan station]] - [[place_beijing_beitaipingzhuang|Beitaipingzhuang station]] - [[place_beijing_mudanyuan|Mudanyuan station]] /concepts/beijing-metro-line-19.html en zh en th metro_line line_opened 29 September 2011 line_last_extension 28 December 2016 line_stations 45 line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_3 concept chongqing-metro-line-3 重庆地铁3号线

Line 3 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 29 September 2011, with 45 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 7,20,21,26; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6119227 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A3%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:38+08:00 user:admin 9 ## Overview Line 3 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 29 September 2011[^zhwiki], with 45 stations[^zhwiki]. /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-3.html en zh en it metro_line line_termini Shaheba station – Lijia station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_guidaojiaotongguoboxian concept chongqing-metro-line-guidaojiaotongguoboxian 重庆轨道交通国博线

International Expo branch is a metro line.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 27,35; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130759548 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%9A%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:35+08:00 user:admin 5 ## Overview International Expo branch is a metro line[^cptond]. ## Stations 13 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_chongqing_shaheba|Shaheba station]] - [[place_chongqing_hongyanping|Hongyanping station]] - [[place_chongqing_fuxing|Fuxing station]] - [[place_chongqing_siyuan|Siyuan station]] - [[place_chongqing_liujiayuanzi|Liujiayuanzi station]] - [[place_chongqing_qingxihe|Qingxihe station]] - [[place_chongqing_wangjiazhuang|Wangjiazhuang station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuelai|Yuelai Station]] - [[place_chongqing_guobozhongxin|International Expo Center Station]] - [[place_chongqing_gaoyikou|Gaoyikou station]] - [[place_chongqing_huangmaoping|Huangmaoping Station]] - [[place_chongqing_huanlegu|Happy Valley station]] - [[place_chongqing_lijia|Lijia station]] /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-guidaojiaotongguoboxian.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 28 December 2017 line_last_extension 30 November 2023 line_termini Yuegangbeilu station – Tiaodeng station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_5 concept chongqing-metro-line-5 重庆地铁5号线

Line 5 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2017.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 8,30; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912187 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A5%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:29+08:00 user:admin 10 ## Overview Line 5 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2017[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 32 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_chongqing_yuegangbeilu|Yuegangbeilu station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuegangdadao|Yuegang Ave. station]] - [[place_chongqing_chunxuandadao|Chunxuan Ave. station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongyanggongyuanxi|Central Park West station]] - [[place_chongqing_lujiagou|Lujiagou station]] - [[place_chongqing_ganyuedadao|Ganyue Avenue station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuhegou|Yuhegou station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuanbozhongxin|The EXPO Garden Center Station]] - [[place_chongqing_danhe|Danhe station]] - [[place_chongqing_huxiajie|Huxiajie station]] - [[place_chongqing_chongguang|Chongguang station]] - [[place_chongqing_hemulu|Hemulu station]] - [[place_chongqing_renhe|Renhe station]] - [[place_chongqing_xingfuguangchang|Xingfu Square station]] - [[place_chongqing_ranjiaba|Ranjiaba station]] - [[place_chongqing_dalongshan|Dalongshan station]] - [[place_chongqing_dashiba|Dashiba station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongshutuo|Zhongshutuo station]] - [[place_chongqing_hongyancun|Hongyancun station]] - [[place_chongqing_xietaizi|Xietaizi station]] - [[place_chongqing_shiqiaopu|Shiqiaopu station]] - [[place_chongqing_shixinlu|Shixinlu station]] - [[place_chongqing_bashan|Bashan station]] - [[place_chongqing_fengxilu|Fengxilu station]] - [[place_chongqing_chongqingxi|Chongqing West Station]] - [[place_chongqing_huayansi|Huayan Temple station]] - [[place_chongqing_huachenglu|Huachenglu station]] - [[place_chongqing_banshan|Banshan Station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongliangshan|Zhongliangshan Station]] - [[place_chongqing_jinjianlu|Jinjianlu station]] - [[place_chongqing_huayanzhongxin|Huayan Center Station]] - [[place_chongqing_tiaodeng|Tiaodeng station]] /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-5.html en zh en it metro_line line_opened 28 July 2011 line_last_extension 31 December 2020 line_stations 25 line_termini Chaotianmen station – Bishan station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_1 concept chongqing-metro-line-1 重庆地铁1号线

Line 1 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 July 2011, with 25 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 9,38; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263572 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A1%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:31+08:00 user:admin 5 ## Overview Line 1 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 July 2011[^zhwiki], with 25 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 25 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_chongqing_chaotianmen|Chaotianmen station]] - [[place_chongqing_xiaoshenzi|Xiaoshizi station]] - [[place_chongqing_jiaochangkou|Jiaochangkou station]] - [[place_chongqing_qixinggang|Qixinggang station]] - [[place_chongqing_lianglukou|Lianglukou station]] - [[place_chongqing_eling|Eling station]] - [[place_chongqing_daping|Daping station]] - [[place_chongqing_shiyoulu|Shiyoulu station]] - [[place_chongqing_xietaizi|Xietaizi station]] - [[place_chongqing_shiqiaopu|Shiqiaopu station]] - [[place_chongqing_gaomiaocun|Gaomiaocun station]] - [[place_chongqing_majiayan|Majiayan Station]] - [[place_chongqing_xiaolongkan|Xiaolongkan station]] - [[place_chongqing_shapingba|Shapingba station]] - [[place_chongqing_yanggongqiao|Yanggongqiao station]] - [[place_chongqing_lieshimu|Lieshimu station]] - [[place_chongqing_ciqikou|Ciqikou Station]] - [[place_chongqing_shijingpo|Shijingpo station]] - [[place_chongqing_shuangbei|Shuangbei Station]] - [[place_chongqing_laijiaqiao|Laijiaqiao station]] - [[place_chongqing_weidianyuan|Weidianyuan station]] - [[place_chongqing_chenjiaqiao|Chenjiaqiao station]] - [[place_chongqing_daxuecheng|Daxuecheng station]] - [[place_chongqing_jiandingpo|Jiandingpo Station]] - [[place_chongqing_bishan|Bishan station]] /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-1.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 2026年5月1日（一期初期运营） line_length 35.32公里（一期） line_stations 23站（一期） line_termini 钢都花园—墨水湖公园（一期） line_operator 武汉轨道交通十二号线建设运营有限公司 concept_wuhan_metro_line_12 concept wuhan-metro-line-12 武汉地铁12号线

武汉轨道交通12号线一期于2026年5月1日开通初期运营，连接钢都花园与墨水湖公园。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line wh-opening-202604 2026-04-30 https://www.wuhan.gov.cn/whyw/bmdt/202604/t20260430_2759616.shtml 市政府门户转载长江日报，记载一期车站及开通初期营业时间。 whmetro12-schedule-20260428 2026-04-28 https://www.wuhanrt.com/news-content.html?id=1589444 12号线运营公司调度票务部发布，分别列工作日和周末时刻。 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:29+08:00 user:admin 6 ## 概况 武汉轨道交通12号线一期于2026年5月1日9:16开通初期运营，起于钢都花园站、止于墨水湖公园站，全长35.32公里，设23座车站，单程运行约58分钟，途经青山、武昌、洪山、汉阳四区[^wh-opening-202604]。 开通时，园林路、汪家墩、武昌站东广场、光霞、国博中心南为换乘站；其中武昌站东广场与4、7号线武昌火车站为虚拟换乘[^wh-opening-202604]。 ## 营业时间与首末班 2026年5月1日运营时间为09:16—23:30，5月2日至5日为06:30—23:00；开通初期工作日为06:00—23:00，休息日为06:30—23:00；国家法定节假日及其他特殊情况另行发布运营安排。[^wh-opening-202604] ## 一期车站 一期车站由钢都花园至墨水湖公园依次为[^wh-opening-202604]： - 钢都花园站 - 园林路站 - 团结大道站 - 汪家墩站 - 秦园中路站 - 公正路站 - 何家垅站 - 十五中站 - 武昌站东广场站 - 瑞安街东站 - 富安街站 - 楚祥大道站 - 省农科院南站 - 光霞站 - 市农科院站 - 夹套河站 - 国博中心南站 - 国博新城站 - 四新南路站 - 四新中路站 - 芳草路站 - 港口村站 - 墨水湖公园站 ## 开通初期逐站首末班 2026年开通初期工作日和周末的各站时刻如下。外环为墨水湖公园往钢都花园，内环为钢都花园往墨水湖公园；“到达”表示终点到站时间。[^whmetro12-schedule-20260428] ### 工作日 | 车站 | 外环往钢都花园首班 | 外环往钢都花园末班 | 内环往墨水湖公园首班 | 内环往墨水湖公园末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 墨水湖公园 | 06:03 | 23:00 | — | 23:55（到达） | | 港口村 | 06:06 | 23:02 | 06:00 | 23:53 | | 芳草路 | 06:00 | 23:04 | 06:07 | 23:51 | | 四新中路 | 06:03 | 23:06 | 06:04 | 23:49 | | 四新南路 | 06:05 | 23:09 | 06:02 | 23:47 | | 国博新城 | 06:07 | 23:11 | 06:00 | 23:44 | | 国博中心南 | 06:09 | 23:13 | 06:06 | 23:42 | | 夹套河 | 06:01 | 23:17 | 06:01 | 23:38 | | 市农科院 | 06:04 | 23:19 | 06:03 | 23:36 | | 光霞 | 06:06 | 23:22 | 06:01 | 23:34 | | 省农科院南 | 06:09 | 23:25 | 06:02 | 23:30 | | 楚祥大道 | 06:00 | 23:27 | 06:00 | 23:28 | | 富安街 | 06:02 | 23:29 | 06:09 | 23:26 | | 瑞安街东 | 06:00 | 23:32 | 06:07 | 23:24 | | 武昌站东广场 | 06:03 | 23:35 | 06:04 | 23:20 | | 十五中 | 06:06 | 23:37 | 06:01 | 23:18 | | 何家垅 | 06:00 | 23:40 | 06:11 | 23:16 | | 公正路 | 06:03 | 23:42 | 06:09 | 23:13 | | 秦园中路 | 06:06 | 23:46 | 06:05 | 23:09 | | 汪家墩 | 06:01 | 23:48 | 06:03 | 23:07 | | 团结大道 | 06:03 | 23:50 | 06:01 | 23:05 | | 园林路 | 06:06 | 23:53 | 06:06 | 23:02 | | 钢都花园 | — | 23:55（到达） | 06:03 | 23:00 | ### 周末 | 车站 | 外环往钢都花园首班 | 外环往钢都花园末班 | 内环往墨水湖公园首班 | 内环往墨水湖公园末班 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 墨水湖公园 | 06:33 | 23:00 | — | 23:55（到达） | | 港口村 | 06:35 | 23:02 | 06:31 | 23:53 | | 芳草路 | 06:37 | 23:04 | 06:34 | 23:51 | | 四新中路 | 06:31 | 23:06 | 06:31 | 23:49 | | 四新南路 | 06:33 | 23:09 | 06:34 | 23:47 | | 国博新城 | 06:35 | 23:11 | 06:32 | 23:44 | | 国博中心南 | 06:37 | 23:13 | 06:30 | 23:42 | | 夹套河 | 06:32 | 23:17 | 06:31 | 23:38 | | 市农科院 | 06:34 | 23:19 | 06:34 | 23:36 | | 光霞 | 06:37 | 23:22 | 06:31 | 23:34 | | 省农科院南 | 06:40 | 23:25 | 06:32 | 23:30 | | 楚祥大道 | 06:30 | 23:27 | 06:30 | 23:28 | | 富安街 | 06:32 | 23:29 | 06:41 | 23:26 | | 瑞安街东 | 06:34 | 23:32 | 06:39 | 23:24 | | 武昌站东广场 | 06:31 | 23:35 | 06:36 | 23:20 | | 十五中 | 06:33 | 23:37 | 06:33 | 23:18 | | 何家垅 | 06:30 | 23:40 | 06:31 | 23:16 | | 公正路 | 06:33 | 23:42 | 06:37 | 23:13 | | 秦园中路 | 06:31 | 23:46 | 06:33 | 23:09 | | 汪家墩 | 06:34 | 23:48 | 06:31 | 23:07 | | 团结大道 | 06:31 | 23:50 | 06:36 | 23:05 | | 园林路 | 06:34 | 23:53 | 06:33 | 23:02 | | 钢都花园 | — | 23:55（到达） | 06:31 | 23:00 | /concepts/wuhan-metro-line-12.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 28 December 2018 line_last_extension 10 February 2026 line_stations 33 line_termini Huangling station – Shunshuisi Park station line_structure underground, at grade, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_4 concept chongqing-metro-line-4 重庆地铁4号线

Line 4 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2018, with 33 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 16,32; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15900365 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A4%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:21+08:00 user:admin 10 ## Overview Line 4 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2018[^zhwiki], with 33 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 33 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_chongqing_huangling|Huangling station]] - [[place_chongqing_shichuan|Shichuan station]] - [[place_chongqing_tongzilin|Tongzilin station]] - [[place_chongqing_pufu|Pufu station]] - [[place_chongqing_gaoshita|Gaoshita station]] - [[place_chongqing_longxing|Longxing station]] - [[place_chongqing_longyidadao|Longyi Avenue station]] - [[place_chongqing_sanbanxi|Sanbanxi station]] - Fusheng station - [[place_chongqing_shiheqing|Shiheqing station]] - [[place_chongqing_yanping|Yanping station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuzui|Yuzui station]] - [[place_chongqing_guoyuanwuliushuniu|Guoyuan Logistics Hub Station]] - [[place_chongqing_luqi|Luqi station]] - [[place_chongqing_tieshanping|Tieshanping station]] - [[place_chongqing_tangjiatuo|Tangjiatuo station]] - [[place_chongqing_taipingchong|Taipingchong Station]] - [[place_chongqing_gangcheng|Gangcheng station]] - [[place_chongqing_heishizi|Heishizi station]] - [[place_chongqing_cuntan|Cuntan station]] - [[place_chongqing_baoshuigang|Baoshuigang station]] - [[place_chongqing_toutang|Toutang station]] - Chongqing North Station North Square station - [[place_chongqing_minandadao|Min'an Avenue station]] - [[place_chongqing_jiazhoulu|Jiazhoulu station]] - Longxi station - [[place_chongqing_huahuiyuan|Huahuiyuan station]] - Daqingcun station - [[place_chongqing_dashiba|Dashiba station]] - Panxi station - [[place_chongqing_yudaishan|Yudaishan station]] - Shimahelijiao station - Shunshuisi Park station /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-4.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 1927年12月30日 line_last_extension 1939年（渋谷延伸で全線開通） line_length 14.3 km line_stations 19駅 line_termini 渋谷 〜 浅草 line_structure 地下（渋谷駅付近は高架・地上） line_status 営業中 line_operator 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_owner 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_depots 上野検車区 line_daily_ridership 約98.7万人（2024年度・乗車人員） concept_japan_metro_ginza concept tokyo-metro-ginza-line Ginza Line 3号線銀座線

銀座線は、渋谷と浅草を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、日本最古の地下鉄である。路線カラーはオレンジ、路線記号はG。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line jawiki-tokyo-metro https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD tm-factbook https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/ir/library/factbook/pdf/factbook_2026.pdf 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:21+08:00 user:admin 6 ## 概要 銀座線は、渋谷と浅草を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、日本最古の地下鉄である。路線カラーはオレンジ、路線記号はG。 ## 歴史 - 1927年12月30日開業。 - 1939年（渋谷延伸で全線開通）。 ## 路線データ | 項目 | 内容 | | :--- | :--- | | 路線記号 | G | | 区間 | 渋谷 〜 浅草 | | 営業キロ | 14.3 km | | 駅数 | 19駅 | | 開業 | 1927年12月30日 | | 車両基地 | 上野検車区 | | 運営 | [[org_japan_tokyo_metro|東京地下鉄]] | ## 駅一覧 - 渋谷 - 表参道 - 外苑前 - 青山一丁目 - 赤坂見附 - 溜池山王 - 虎ノ門 - 新橋 - 銀座 - 京橋 - 日本橋 - 三越前 - 神田 - 末広町 - 上野広小路 - 上野 - 稲荷町 - 田原町 - 浅草 /concepts/tokyo-metro-ginza-line.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 1954年1月20日 line_last_extension 1962年（方南町支線が全通） line_length 24.2 km（本線）＋ 3.2 km（支線） line_stations 28駅（本線25＋支線3） line_termini 荻窪 〜 池袋（本線）/ 中野坂上 〜 方南町（支線） line_structure 地下（方南町支線の一部は高架） line_status 営業中 line_operator 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_owner 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_depots 中野検車区 line_daily_ridership 約126.0万人（2024年度・乗車人員） concept_japan_metro_marunouchi concept tokyo-metro-marunouchi-line Marunouchi Line 4号線丸ノ内線

丸ノ内線は、荻窪と池袋を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、支線（中野坂上〜方南町）を含む。路線カラーは赤、路線記号はM（支線はMb）。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line jawiki-tokyo-metro https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD tm-factbook https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/ir/library/factbook/pdf/factbook_2026.pdf marunouchi-stations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Metro_Marunouchi_Line Route map; retrieved 2026-10-29 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:19+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概要 丸ノ内線は、荻窪と池袋を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、支線（中野坂上〜方南町）を含む。路線カラーは赤、路線記号はM（支線はMb）。 ## 歴史 - 1954年1月20日開業。 - 1962年（方南町支線が全通）。 ## 路線データ | 項目 | 内容 | | :--- | :--- | | 路線記号 | M | | 区間 | 荻窪 〜 池袋（本線）/ 中野坂上 〜 方南町（支線） | | 営業キロ | 24.2 km（本線）＋ 3.2 km（支線） | | 駅数 | 28駅（本線25＋支線3） | | 開業 | 1954年1月20日 | | 車両基地 | 中野検車区 | | 運営 | [[org_japan_tokyo_metro|東京地下鉄]] | ## 駅一覧 - 荻窪 - 南阿佐ケ谷 - 新高円寺 - 東高円寺 - 新中野 - 中野坂上 - 西新宿 - 新宿 - 新宿三丁目 - 新宿御苑前 - 四谷三丁目 - 四ツ谷 - 赤坂見附 - 国会議事堂前 - 霞ケ関 - 銀座 - 東京 - 大手町 - 淡路町 - 御茶ノ水 - 本郷三丁目 - 後楽園 - 茗荷谷 - 新大塚 - 池袋 ### 支線 - 中野坂上 - 中野新橋 - 中野富士見町 - 方南町[^marunouchi-stations] /concepts/tokyo-metro-marunouchi-line.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 28 December 2017 line_last_extension 30 November 2023 line_stations 27 line_termini Lanhualu station – Wangjiazhuang station line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_10 concept chongqing-metro-line-10 重庆地铁10号线

Line 10 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2017, with 27 stations.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 2,10; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15914281 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%85%B6%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A10%E8%99%9F%E7%B7%9A 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:16+08:00 user:admin 9 ## Overview Line 10 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 December 2017[^zhwiki], with 27 stations[^zhwiki]. ## Stations 27 stations in line order[^wikidata]: - [[place_chongqing_lanhualu|Lanhualu station]] - [[place_chongqing_nanhu|Nanhu station]] - [[place_chongqing_wanshoulu|Wanshoulu station]] - [[place_chongqing_nanping|Nanping station]] - [[place_chongqing_houbao|Houbao station]] - [[place_chongqing_qixinggang|Qixinggang station]] - [[place_chongqing_dalitang|Chongqing People's Auditorium station]] - [[place_chongqing_cengjiayan|Zengjiayan station]] - [[place_chongqing_liyuchi|Liyuchi Station]] - [[place_chongqing_hongtudi|Hongtudi station]] - [[place_chongqing_longtousigongyuan|Longtousi Park station]] - Chongqing North Station South Square station - Chongqing North Station North Square station - [[place_chongqing_minxinjiayuan|Minxinjiayuan station]] - [[place_chongqing_sanyawan|Sanyawan station]] - [[place_chongqing_shangwanlu|Shangwanlu station]] - [[place_chongqing_huanshangongyuan|Huanshan Park Station]] - [[place_chongqing_changhe|Changhe station]] - Terminal 3 of Jiangbei Airport station - Terminal 2 of Jiangbei Airport station - [[place_chongqing_yubeiguangchang|Yubei Square station]] - [[place_chongqing_lushan|Lushan station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongyanggongyuandong|Central Park East Station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongyanggongyuan|Central Park Station]] - [[place_chongqing_zhongyanggongyuanxi|Central Park West station]] - [[place_chongqing_yuelai|Yuelai Station]] - [[place_chongqing_wangjiazhuang|Wangjiazhuang station]] /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-10.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 28 September 2012 line_structure underground, elevated line_status In operation concept_chongqing_metro_line_6 concept chongqing-metro-line-6 重庆地铁6号线

Line 6 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 September 2012.

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line cptond https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2 Chongqing/chongqing_metro_routes.shp; DBF rows 18,37; status=1 wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5931449 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A6%E5%8F%B7%E7%BA%BF 信息框 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:15+08:00 user:admin 8 ## Overview Line 6 (Chongqing Rail Transit) is a metro line, opened on 28 September 2012[^wikidata]. /concepts/chongqing-metro-line-6.html en zh en metro_line line_opened 1961年3月28日 line_last_extension 1964年（中目黒延伸で全線開業） line_length 20.3 km line_stations 22駅 line_termini 中目黒 〜 北千住 line_structure 地下（中目黒駅付近は地上） line_status 営業中 line_operator 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_owner 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_depots 千住検車区（竹ノ塚分室） line_daily_ridership 約113.4万人（2024年度・乗車人員） concept_japan_metro_hibiya concept tokyo-metro-hibiya-line Hibiya Line 2号線日比谷線

日比谷線は、中目黒と北千住を結ぶ東京メトロの路線である。路線カラーは銀（グレー）、路線記号はH。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line jawiki-tokyo-metro https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD tm-factbook https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/ir/library/factbook/pdf/factbook_2026.pdf line-stations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Metro_Hibiya_Line Route map; retrieved 2026-10-29 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:12+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概要 日比谷線は、中目黒と北千住を結ぶ東京メトロの路線である。路線カラーは銀（グレー）、路線記号はH。 ## 歴史 - 1961年3月28日開業。 - 1964年（中目黒延伸で全線開業）。 ## 路線データ | 項目 | 内容 | | :--- | :--- | | 路線記号 | H | | 区間 | 中目黒 〜 北千住 | | 営業キロ | 20.3 km | | 駅数 | 22駅 | | 開業 | 1961年3月28日 | | 車両基地 | 千住検車区（竹ノ塚分室） | | 運営 | [[org_japan_tokyo_metro|東京地下鉄]] | ## 駅一覧 中目黒から北千住までの駅は次の通り。[^line-stations] - 中目黒 - 恵比寿 - 広尾 - 六本木 - 神谷町 - 虎ノ門ヒルズ - 霞ケ関 - 日比谷 - 銀座 - 東銀座 - 築地 - 八丁堀 - 茅場町 - 人形町 - 小伝馬町 - 秋葉原 - 仲御徒町 - 上野 - 入谷 - 三ノ輪 - 南千住 - 北千住 /concepts/tokyo-metro-hibiya-line.html en true zh metro_line line_opened 1964年12月23日 line_last_extension 1969年（西船橋延伸で全線開通） line_length 30.8 km line_stations 23駅 line_termini 中野 〜 西船橋 line_structure 地下（中野駅周辺などに地上・高架区間あり） line_status 営業中 line_operator 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_owner 東京地下鉄株式会社（東京メトロ） line_depots 深川検車区・行徳検車区 line_daily_ridership 約130.5万人（2024年度・乗車人員） concept_japan_metro_tozai concept tokyo-metro-tozai-line Tozai Line 5号線東西線

東西線は、中野と西船橋を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、東西方向の通勤輸送を担う。路線カラーはスカイブルー、路線記号はT。

published category-transit category-urban-rail tag-metro tag-metro-line jawiki-tokyo-metro https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%83%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD tm-factbook https://www.tokyometro.jp/lang_en/corporate/ir/library/factbook/pdf/factbook_2026.pdf line-stations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_Metro_Tozai_Line Route map; retrieved 2026-10-29 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:12+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概要 東西線は、中野と西船橋を結ぶ東京メトロの路線で、東西方向の通勤輸送を担う。路線カラーはスカイブルー、路線記号はT。 ## 歴史 - 1964年12月23日開業。 - 1969年（西船橋延伸で全線開通）。 ## 路線データ | 項目 | 内容 | | :--- | :--- | | 路線記号 | T | | 区間 | 中野 〜 西船橋 | | 営業キロ | 30.8 km | | 駅数 | 23駅 | | 開業 | 1964年12月23日 | | 車両基地 | 深川検車区・行徳検車区 | | 運営 | [[org_japan_tokyo_metro|東京地下鉄]] | ## 駅一覧 中野から西船橋までの駅は次の通り。[^line-stations] - 中野 - 落合 - 高田馬場 - 早稲田 - 神楽坂 - 飯田橋 - 九段下 - 竹橋 - 大手町 - 日本橋 - 茅場町 - 門前仲町 - 木場 - 東陽町 - 南砂町 - 西葛西 - 葛西 - 浦安 - 南行徳 - 行徳 - 妙典 - 原木中山 - 西船橋 /concepts/tokyo-metro-tozai-line.html en true zh metro_line work_china_tour_guide_management_rules work china-tour-guide-management-rules

《导游管理办法》是国家旅游局以第44号令公布的部门规章，2017年11月1日公布，自2018年1月1日起施行，规范导游执业许可、管理、保障与激励。

published category-geography tag-modern-china tag-regulation official 北京市文化和旅游局 2026-08-26 https://whlyj.beijing.gov.cn/zwgk/tzgg/202608/t20260826_4837999.html gov http://big5.www.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2018/content_5260808.htm 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:10+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概况 《导游管理办法》是规范导游执业的部门规章，由国家旅游局以第44号令公布。2017年10月16日经国家旅游局第17次局长办公会议审议通过，2017年11月1日公布，自2018年1月1日起施行。办法依据《中华人民共和国旅游法》《导游人员管理条例》和《旅行社条例》制定，取代2001年的《导游人员管理实施办法》。[^gov] ## 主要内容 办法对导游执业实行许可制度：从事导游执业活动的人员，应当取得导游人员资格证和导游证。国家旅游局建立导游等级考核制度、导游服务星级评价制度和全国旅游监管服务信息系统，各级旅游主管部门运用标准化、信息化手段对导游实施动态监管和服务。[^gov] 执业规范方面，办法细化《旅游法》第三十五条的规定：导游不得擅自安排购物活动或者另行付费旅游项目；不得以隐瞒事实、提供虚假情况等方式，诱骗旅游者违背真实意愿参加购物活动或者另行付费旅游项目；不得获取购物场所、另行付费旅游项目等经营者以回扣、佣金、人头费或者奖励费等名义给予的不正当利益。[^gov] ## 引用情况 北京市文化和旅游局2026年导游素质提升线上培训通知引用本办法，作为导游培训与执业管理的依据文件。[^official] /works/china-tour-guide-management-rules.html en true zh regulation 2017 11 1 day 国家旅游局 work_china_scenic_area_quality_rating_management work china-scenic-area-quality-rating-management

《旅游景区质量等级管理办法》是国家旅游局制定的部门规章，自2012年5月1日起施行，规定旅游景区质量等级的评定机构、评定程序与动态管理。

published category-geography tag-modern-china tag-regulation official 北京市文化和旅游局 2026-08-26 https://whlyj.beijing.gov.cn/zwgk/tzgg/202608/t20260826_4837878.html bj https://banshi.whlyj.beijing.gov.cn/hygl/wenshu/旅游景区质量等级管理办法.pdf 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:09+08:00 user:admin 4 ## 概况 《旅游景区质量等级管理办法》由国家旅游局制定，自2012年5月1日起施行，全文六章三十一条，由国家旅游局负责解释。办法规定，旅游景区质量等级评定工作由各级旅游景区质量等级评定委员会负责，评定依据国家标准《旅游景区质量等级划分》（GB/T 17775）。[^bj] ## 主要内容 办法规定了质量等级的申报与评定程序，并建立动态管理机制：对达不到标准规定的旅游景区，评定机构可以签发警告通知书、通报批评，或者作出降低、取消等级的处理。处理权限按等级划分：省级旅游景区质量等级评定委员会有权对3A级及以下景区签发警告通知书、通报批评、降低或取消等级；对4A级景区作出降低或取消等级的处理，须报全国旅游景区质量等级评定委员会审批；全国评定委员会负责对5A级景区的处理，并有权对各级景区作出处理。[^bj] ## 引用情况 北京市文化和旅游局2026年关于取消北京龙脉温泉景区国家4A级旅游景区质量等级的公告引用本办法。[^official] /works/china-scenic-area-quality-rating-management.html en true zh regulation 国家旅游局 work_china_scenic_area_quality_classification_gbt_17775_2024 work china-scenic-area-quality-classification-gbt-17775-2024

《旅游景区质量等级划分》（GB/T 17775—2024）是旅游景区质量等级划分的国家标准，2024年8月23日发布，2025年3月1日起实施，代替GB/T 17775—2003。

published category-geography tag-modern-china tag-regulation official 北京市文化和旅游局 2026-08-26 https://whlyj.beijing.gov.cn/zwgk/tzgg/202608/t20260826_4837878.html cd https://www.chinaservicesinfo.com/s/202410/29/WS672044a1498eec7e1f725d83/new-standards-for-tourism-sites-to-kick-in.html 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:08+08:00 user:admin 5 ## 概况 《旅游景区质量等级划分》（GB/T 17775—2024）是旅游景区质量等级划分的推荐性国家标准，由国家市场监督管理总局、国家标准化管理委员会于2024年8月23日发布，2025年3月1日起实施，代替GB/T 17775—2003。标准将旅游景区质量等级划分为五级，从高到低依次为AAAAA、AAAA、AAA、AA、A级。[^cd] ## 主要变化 与2003年版相比，2024年版新增“等级划分前提条件”，将通过安全风险评估、近三年未发生重大市场失信行为与重大负面舆情等列为参与等级划分的准入门槛；同时增加总体要求，强调以人为本与高质量发展，纳入可持续与绿色发展、诚信经营、文明旅游、绿色消费等导向，突出景区的服务功能与游客体验。[^cd] ## 引用情况 北京市文化和旅游局2026年关于取消北京龙脉温泉景区国家4A级旅游景区质量等级的公告引用本标准。[^official] /works/china-scenic-area-quality-classification-gbt-17775-2024.html en true zh standard 2024 8 23 day 国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会 work_cn_q1068478 work commentary-on-water 水经注

Commentary on the Water Classic is a classical Chinese text by Li Daoyuan.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068478 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/水经注 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:08+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Commentary on the Water Classic is a classical Chinese text by Li Daoyuan[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q6538730|Li Daoyuan]][^wikidata] /works/commentary-on-water.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Li Daoyuan work_cn_q1069886 work great-learning 大学

Great Learning is a classical Chinese text by Zengzi and Confucius.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069886 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/禮記·大學 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:08+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Great Learning is a classical Chinese text by Zengzi and Confucius[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q1207671|Zengzi]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q4604|Confucius]][^wikidata] /works/great-learning.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Zengzi Confucius work_china_guide_grade_assessment_management work china-guide-grade-assessment-management

《导游等级考核管理办法》是文化和旅游部以部令公布的部门规章，建立全国统一的导游等级考核制度，导游等级分为初级、中级、高级、特级四级。

published category-geography tag-modern-china tag-regulation official 北京市文化和旅游局网站 2026-09-07 https://whlyj.beijing.gov.cn/zwgk/tzgg/202609/t20260907_4853229.html hk https://lwj.haikou.gov.cn/xxgk/zcwj/zcfg/202501/P020250110544109521400.pdf cd2 https://www.chinaservicesinfo.com/s/202503/12/WS67d0f029498eec7e1f73197a/measures-to-improve-tour-guide-services.html mct2005 https://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/zfxxgkml/zcfg/bmgz/202012/P020220218587531979674.pdf 2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:06+08:00 user:admin 4 ## 概况 《导游等级考核管理办法》由文化和旅游部以部令公布，建立全国统一的导游等级考核制度，由国务院文化和旅游主管部门负责组织实施。导游等级考核此前主要依据2005年国家旅游局《导游人员等级考核评定管理办法（试行）》开展。[^hk][^mct2005] ## 等级与考核 导游等级分为初级、中级、高级、特级四个等级。取得导游资格证书的人员，在依法申请取得导游证后，即获得初级导游等级；中级、高级导游等级通过考核或者激励晋升的方式获得；特级导游等级通过考核的方式获得。考核形式包括笔试、面试、论文答辩等，中级、高级导游等级考核原则上每2年开展一次，特级导游等级考核每4年开展一次。[^hk][^cd2] ## 激励晋升 初级、中级导游在获得表彰奖励2年内，可以通过激励晋升的方式申请晋升一个导游等级，多次获得或者同时获得多项表彰奖励的，只晋升一次。表彰奖励包括：国务院文化和旅游主管部门组织的全国导游大赛一、二、三等奖；省级文化和旅游主管部门组织的省级导游大赛一等奖；省级以上劳动模范、五一劳动奖章、青年岗位能手、三八红旗手、巾帼建功标兵；以及国务院文化和旅游主管部门认定的其他符合激励晋升的情况。[^hk] ## 引用情况 北京市文化和旅游局2026年关于初级导游张长春申请通过激励晋升方式晋升为中级导游的公示，所涉激励晋升即本办法规定的晋升方式。[^official] /works/china-guide-grade-assessment-management.html en true zh regulation 文化和旅游部 work_cn_q1075013 work flowers-in-mirror 镜花缘

Flowers in the Mirror is a classical Chinese novel by Li Ruzhen.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075013 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/镜花缘 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:06+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Flowers in the Mirror is a classical Chinese novel by Li Ruzhen[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q711457|Li Ruzhen]][^wikidata] /works/flowers-in-mirror.html en zh en book classical Chinese novel Li Ruzhen work_cn_q1218689 work scholars 儒林外史

The Scholars is a classical Chinese novel by Wu Jingzi.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1218689 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/儒林外史 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:03+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Scholars is a classical Chinese novel by Wu Jingzi[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q699365|Wu Jingzi]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q17013614|Yan Jiansheng]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q17013619|Yan Gongsheng]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q17021911|Kuang Chaoren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q15942899|Zhou Jin]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q16078470|Fan Jin]][^wikidata] /works/scholars.html en zh en book classical Chinese novel Wu Jingzi work_cn_q1196332 work peony-pavilion 牡丹亭

The Peony Pavilion is a classical Chinese drama by Tang Xianzu.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196332 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/牡丹亭 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:26:01+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Peony Pavilion is a classical Chinese drama by Tang Xianzu[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q945333|Tang Xianzu]][^wikidata] /works/peony-pavilion.html en zh en book classical Chinese drama Tang Xianzu work_cn_q2424209 work travels-lao-can 老残游记

The Travels of Lao Can is a classical Chinese novel by Liu E.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2424209 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/老残游记 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:59+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Travels of Lao Can is a classical Chinese novel by Liu E[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q702301|Liu E]][^wikidata] /works/travels-lao-can.html en zh en book classical Chinese novel Liu E work_cn_q197396 work zhan-guo-ce 战国策

Zhan Guo Ce is a classical Chinese text by Liu Xiang.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197396 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/戰國策 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:56+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Zhan Guo Ce is a classical Chinese text by Liu Xiang[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q465282|Liu Xiang]][^wikidata] /works/zhan-guo-ce.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Liu Xiang work_cn_q3275026 work tiangong-kaiwu 天工开物

Tiangong Kaiwu is a classical Chinese text by Song Yingxing.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3275026 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/天工开物 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:51+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Tiangong Kaiwu is a classical Chinese text by Song Yingxing[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q716217|Song Yingxing]][^wikidata] /works/tiangong-kaiwu.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Song Yingxing work_cn_q387863 work a-new-account 世说新语

A New Account of the Tales of the World is a classical Chinese text by Liu Yiqing.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387863 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/世说新语 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:51+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview A New Account of the Tales of the World is a classical Chinese text by Liu Yiqing[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q3256864|Liu Yiqing]][^wikidata] /works/a-new-account.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Liu Yiqing work_cn_q375595 work injustice-to-dou 窦娥冤

The Injustice to Dou E is a classical Chinese drama by Guan Hanqing.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375595 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/窦娥冤 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:49+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Injustice to Dou E is a classical Chinese drama by Guan Hanqing[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q28777|Guan Hanqing]][^wikidata] /works/injustice-to-dou.html en zh en book classical Chinese drama Guan Hanqing work_cn_q428448 work huangdi-neijing 黄帝内经

Huangdi Neijing is a classical Chinese text.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428448 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/黄帝内经 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:46+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Huangdi Neijing is a classical Chinese text[^wikidata]. /works/huangdi-neijing.html en zh en book classical Chinese text work_cn_q430428 work book-later-han 后汉书

Book of the Later Han is a classical Chinese text by Sima Biao and Fan Ye.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430428 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/后汉书 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:44+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Book of the Later Han is a classical Chinese text by Sima Biao and Fan Ye[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q5976294|Sima Biao]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q740373|Fan Ye]][^wikidata] /works/book-later-han.html en zh en it book classical Chinese text Sima Biao Fan Ye work_cn_q519778 work doctrine-mean 中庸

Doctrine of the Mean is a classical Chinese text by Zisi.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519778 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中庸 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:45+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Doctrine of the Mean is a classical Chinese text by Zisi[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q1147803|Zisi]][^wikidata] /works/doctrine-mean.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Zisi work_cn_q4151480 work guwen-guanzhi 古文观止

Guwen Guanzhi is a classical Chinese text by Wu Chengquan.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4151480 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/古文觀止 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:44+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Guwen Guanzhi is a classical Chinese text by Wu Chengquan[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q18906733|Wu Chengquan]][^wikidata] /works/guwen-guanzhi.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Wu Chengquan work_cn_q5359575 work peach-blossom-fan 桃花扇

The Peach Blossom Fan is a classical Chinese drama by Kong Shangren.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5359575 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/桃花扇 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:39+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Peach Blossom Fan is a classical Chinese drama by Kong Shangren[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q834579|Kong Shangren]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cnv_q39487254_q5359575|Li Xiangjun]][^wikidata] /works/peach-blossom-fan.html en zh en book classical Chinese drama Kong Shangren work_cn_q603260 work three-character-classic 三字经

Three Character Classic is a traditional Chinese primer by Wang Yinglin.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603260 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/三字经 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:36+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Three Character Classic is a traditional Chinese primer by Wang Yinglin[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q5365469|Wang Yinglin]][^wikidata] /works/three-character-classic.html en zh en it book traditional Chinese primer Wang Yinglin work_cn_q6722310 work xunzi 荀子

Xunzi is a classical Chinese text by Xunzi.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6722310 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/荀子_(書) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:37+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Xunzi is a classical Chinese text by Xunzi[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q216072|Xunzi]][^wikidata] /works/xunzi.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Xunzi work_cn_q58765 work story-western-wing 西厢记

The Story of the Western Wing is a classical Chinese drama by Wang Shifu.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58765 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/西厢记 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:34+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Story of the Western Wing is a classical Chinese drama by Wang Shifu[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q627017|Wang Shifu]][^wikidata] /works/story-western-wing.html en zh en book classical Chinese drama Wang Shifu work_cn_q6835619 work mozi 墨子

Mozi is a classical Chinese text by Mozi.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6835619 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/墨子_(书) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:31+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Mozi is a classical Chinese text by Mozi[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q272411|Mozi]][^wikidata] /works/mozi.html en zh en it book classical Chinese text Mozi work_cn_q8045132 work xu-xiake-s 徐霞客游记

Xu Xiake's travel is a classical Chinese text by Xu Xiake.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8045132 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/徐霞客游记 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:26+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Xu Xiake's travel is a classical Chinese text by Xu Xiake[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q1367171|Xu Xiake]][^wikidata] /works/xu-xiake-s.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Xu Xiake work_cn_q816658 work compendium-materia-medica 本草纲目

Compendium of Materia Medica is a classical Chinese text by Li Shizhen.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816658 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/本草纲目 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:25+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Compendium of Materia Medica is a classical Chinese text by Li Shizhen[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q698925|Li Shizhen]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q9016613|Kakuen]][^wikidata] /works/compendium-materia-medica.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Li Shizhen work_cn_q753535 work jin-ping-mei 金瓶梅

Jin Ping Mei is a classical Chinese novel by Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753535 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/金瓶梅 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:23+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Jin Ping Mei is a classical Chinese novel by Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q832785|Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q107192894|Li Ping'er]][^wikidata] /works/jin-ping-mei.html en zh en book classical Chinese novel Lanling Xiaoxiao Sheng work_cn_q767586 work qi-min-yao 齐民要术

Qi Min Yao Shu is a classical Chinese text by Jia Sixie.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767586 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/齊民要術 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:23+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Qi Min Yao Shu is a classical Chinese text by Jia Sixie[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q6697537|Jia Sixie]][^wikidata] /works/qi-min-yao.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Jia Sixie work_cn_q8191081 work shang-han-lun 伤寒杂病论

Shang Han Lun is a classical Chinese text by Zhang Zhongjing.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8191081 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/傷寒雜病論 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:18+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Shang Han Lun is a classical Chinese text by Zhang Zhongjing[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q197350|Zhang Zhongjing]][^wikidata] /works/shang-han-lun.html en zh en book classical Chinese text Zhang Zhongjing work_cn_q836845 work palace-eternal-life 长生殿

The Palace of Eternal Life is a classical Chinese drama by Hong Sheng.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836845 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/长生殿 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:18+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview The Palace of Eternal Life is a classical Chinese drama by Hong Sheng[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q3230968|Hong Sheng]][^wikidata] /works/palace-eternal-life.html en zh en book classical Chinese drama Hong Sheng work_cn_q1336310 work investiture-gods 封神演义

Investiture of the Gods is a classical Chinese novel by Lu Xixing and Xu Zhonglin.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1336310 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/封神演义 zhwiki-characters https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/封神演義角色列表 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:10+08:00 user:admin 6 ## Overview Investiture of the Gods is a classical Chinese novel by Lu Xixing and Xu Zhonglin[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q15945021|Lu Xixing]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q3052283|Xu Zhonglin]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q1241488|Dongyue Dadi]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q5305225|Dragon King of the East Sea]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q1089259|Jiutou Zhiji Jing]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q8061419|Yunzhongzi]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q106310923|Yunxiao Niangniang]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q1195885|Yuanshi Tianzun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q1207299|Qianliyan]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q2200117|Old Man of the South Pole]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q131914529|King Wen of Zhou]][^zhwiki] - [[person_cn_q131914606|King Wu of Zhou]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q547105|Nezha]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q6840266|Howling Celestial Dog]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q131915219|Shang Rong]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q10927869|Tuxingsun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q1188515|Virūḍhaka]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q10932568|Duobao Daoren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q866315|Vaiśravaṇa]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q1154683|Daode Tianzun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q10825805|Taiyi Zhenren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q10943581|Queen Consort Jiang]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q915141|Mahāmāyūrī]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q131920750|Hu, Marquis of the Chong State]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q5104595|Chong Heihu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q131914809|Di Yi]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q131913146|King Zhou of Shang]][^zhwiki] - [[person_cn_q1188714|Virūpākṣa]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q11067541|Zhang Shao]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q131914899|Weizi Qi]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q11073513|Juliusun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11074055|Cihang Daoren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q586206|Krakucchanda Buddha]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q1188767|Dhṛtarāṣṭra]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q11078118|Jieyin Daoren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q4778555|Ao Bing]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q7982957|Wenshu Guangfa Tianzun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11080510|Dǒumǔ]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11089855|Puxian Zhenren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q2181613|Yue-Laou]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q6944440|Muzha]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q910747|Li Jing]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q8048445|Yang Ren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q22099513|Yang Jian]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q131915296|Mei Bo]][^zhwiki] - [[person_cn_q8038917|Wu Ji]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11125726|Yin Hong]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11125769|Yin Jiao]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q12476179|Bi Gan]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q239847|Vairocana]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q7267871|Qingxu Daode Zhenjun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q19855212|Lingbao Dafashi]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q843642|Lingbao Tianzun]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q757972|Suanni]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q860434|Jade Emperor]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q11572868|Yuding Zhenren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q5928377|Pipa Jing]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q106310989|Qiongxiao Niangniang]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11578022|Shen Gongbao]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q85316461|Shiji Niangniang]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q106310988|Bixiao Niangniang]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q119039737|Su Hu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q1064059|Queen Mother of the West]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q193849|Avalokiteśvara]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q11635919|Chijingzi]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q17007784|Daohang Tianzun]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q14456351|Jinzha]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q17039989|Golden-haired Hou]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q18236408|Jinling Shengmu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q3818278|Wen Zhong]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q17034857|Lu Ya]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q5090911|Chen Tong]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q5090927|Chen Wu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q6520484|Leizhenzi]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q19856422|Qingniu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q2006388|Skanda]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q10566107|Shunfeng'er]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q1231574|Fei Lian]][^zhwiki-characters] - [[person_cn_q130313450|Ma Yuan]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q5895846|Hongjun Laozu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q11177289|Huang Tianhua]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q5925538|Huang Feihu]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q19855215|Huanglong Zhenren]][^wikidata] - [[person_cn_q106371734|Princess Longji]][^wikidata] /works/investiture-gods.html en zh en id book classical Chinese novel Lu Xixing Xu Zhonglin work_cn_q862758 work book-rites 礼记

Book of Rites is a classical Chinese text.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862758 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/礼记 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:11+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Book of Rites is a classical Chinese text[^wikidata]. /works/book-rites.html en zh en tr book classical Chinese text work_cn_q1195444 work mencius 孟子

Mencius is a classical Chinese text by Mencius.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195444 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/孟子_(書) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:08+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Mencius is a classical Chinese text by Mencius[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q188903|Mencius]][^wikidata] /works/mencius.html en zh en es book classical Chinese text Mencius work_cn_q83755 work strange-stories-from 聊斋志异

Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio is a classical Chinese novel by Pu Songling.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83755 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/聊齋志異 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:10+08:00 user:admin 4 ## Overview Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio is a classical Chinese novel by Pu Songling[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q318406|Pu Songling]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q11608126|Iki]][^wikidata] /works/strange-stories-from.html en zh en book classical Chinese novel Pu Songling work_cn_q1069875 work dream-pool-essays 梦溪笔谈

Dream Pool Essays is a classical Chinese text by Shen Kuo.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069875 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/梦溪笔谈 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:56+08:00 user:admin 13 ## Overview Dream Pool Essays is a classical Chinese text by Shen Kuo[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q270085|Shen Kuo]][^wikidata] /works/dream-pool-essays.html en zh en fr ms tr book classical Chinese text Shen Kuo work_cn_q727240 work lushi-chunqiu 吕氏春秋

Lüshi Chunqiu is a classical Chinese text.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727240 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/吕氏春秋 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:25:02+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Lüshi Chunqiu is a classical Chinese text[^wikidata]. /works/lushi-chunqiu.html en zh de en book classical Chinese text work_cn_q230230 work zuo-zhuan 春秋左氏传

Zuo Zhuan is a classical Chinese text by Zuo Qiuming.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230230 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/左传 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:57+08:00 user:admin 7 ## Overview Zuo Zhuan is a classical Chinese text by Zuo Qiuming[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q230192|Zuo Qiuming]][^wikidata] /works/zuo-zhuan.html en zh en it book classical Chinese text Zuo Qiuming work_cn_q874601 work chu-ci 楚辞

Chu Ci is a anthology of classical Chinese poetry by Qu Yuan.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874601 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/楚辞 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:52+08:00 user:admin 12 ## Overview Chu Ci is a anthology of classical Chinese poetry by Qu Yuan[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q313330|Qu Yuan]][^wikidata] ## Characters - [[person_cn_q622761|Moon rabbit]][^wikidata] /works/chu-ci.html en zh en fr nl book anthology of classical Chinese poetry Qu Yuan work_cn_q1265243 work thousand-character-classic 千字文

Thousand Character Classic is a traditional Chinese primer by Zhou Xingsi.

published category-literature category-classical-fiction tag-classics tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1265243 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/千字文 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:53+08:00 user:admin 8 ## Overview Thousand Character Classic is a traditional Chinese primer by Zhou Xingsi[^wikidata]. ## Authors - [[person_cn_q10920980|Zhou Xingsi]][^wikidata] /works/thousand-character-classic.html en zh en fr book traditional Chinese primer Zhou Xingsi person_cn_q1367171 person xu-xiake 徐霞客

Xu Xiake (5 January 1587 – 8 March 1641), Chinese geographer and traveller.

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367171 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%9C%9E%E5%AE%A2 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:10+08:00 user:admin 8 ## Basic facts - Born: 5 January 1587[^wikidata] - Died: 8 March 1641[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_320281|Jiangyin]][^wikidata] ## Works - [[work_cn_q8045132|Xu Xiake's travel]][^wikidata] /people/xu-xiake.html en zh en pt 1587 1 5 5 January 1587 1641 3 8 8 March 1641 historical figure person_cn_q1150793 person yang-feng 杨奉

Yang Feng (died 197) was a figure at the end of the Eastern Han, originally a leader of the White Wave bandits in Hedong and later a subordinate of Li Jue. He helped escort Emperor Xian from Chang'an back east to Luoyang and was made general of chariots and cavalry. He later went over to Yuan Shu and Lü Bu and was killed by Liu Bei in 197.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150793 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%A5%89 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:08+08:00 user:admin 7 Yang Feng was a general at the end of the Eastern Han. Wikidata's Chinese label is written 楊奉, or 杨奉 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata records his death in April 197 and his state as Eastern Han, and gives his birth only as a century-level date around 200, which this entry does not use.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Background Chinese Wikipedia says he was originally a leader of the White Wave bandits in Hedong and later became a subordinate of Li Jue. He escorted Emperor Xian from Chang'an east to Luoyang and was made general of chariots and cavalry. He afterward went over to Yuan Shu and Lü Bu and was finally killed by Liu Bei.[^zhwiki] ## Escorting the emperor east In the second year of Xingping (195), Li Jue and Guo Si attacked each other after Li Jue killed Fan Chou, and Li Jue took Emperor Xian into his own camp. Yang Feng and Li Jue's officer Song Guo and others wanted to kill Li Jue, but the plot came out, and Yang Feng left Li Jue with his troops and joined Guo Si, which weakened Li Jue's force. After three months of fighting, the general who guards the east, Zhang Ji, came from Hongnong to Chang'an and mediated, and the two agreed to send the emperor back to Luoyang. Yang Feng was made general who raises righteousness and, with Yang Ding, Dong Cheng and Guo Si, escorted the emperor. Near Xinfeng and Baling, Guo Si again wanted to take the emperor to Meixian, but the emperor fled to Yang Feng's army, where Yang Feng and Yang Ding fought and defeated Guo Si, who fled to the Southern Mountains, and Yang Feng and Dong Cheng went on escorting the emperor east.[^zhwiki] Li Jue and Guo Si then regretted letting the emperor go, joined forces to chase him, caught up at Caoyang, and beat Yang Feng's army at Dongjian. Yang Feng urgently called on the former White Wave leaders Han Xian, Hu Cai and Li Le and the Xiongnu worthy king of the left, Qubei, who defeated Li Jue's army, and the party continued east. Li Jue pursued again and defeated Yang Feng and the others, killing many of the officials who accompanied them. The emperor entered Shan, crossed the Yellow River and reached Anyi. In the first year of Jian'an (196), in the seventh month, Yang Feng and Dong Cheng successfully escorted the emperor back to Luoyang, and Yang Feng was made general of chariots and cavalry and later stationed separately at Liangxian.[^zhwiki] ## Defeat by Cao Cao, then Yuan Shu and Lü Bu That year Cao Cao came to Luoyang to take the emperor to Xu, and Yang Feng went out to intercept him but could not catch up. After settling the emperor at Xu, Cao Cao attacked Yang Feng in the tenth month, defeated him heavily, and Yang Feng's subordinate Xu Huang surrendered to Cao Cao. Yang Feng fled south to Yuan Shu and Cao Cao took Liangxian. With Han Xian he then led troops in Yang and Xu provinces and was cruel and unrestrained. In the second year of Jian'an (197) Yuan Shu planned to take the imperial title and asked Lü Bu for a marriage, but Lü Bu, under Chen Gui's influence, refused him and went over to Cao Cao. Yuan Shu sent his general Zhang Xun with Yang Feng and Han Xian to attack Lü Bu. On Chen Gui's advice Lü Bu sent men to persuade Yang Feng and Han Xian to turn on Yuan Shu, with the promise of all the spoils, and they agreed and defeated Zhang Xun. The two then joined Lü Bu in advancing by land and water on Yuan Shu's base at Shouchun, plundering as they went as far as Zhongli before they turned back.[^zhwiki] ## Killed by Liu Bei The article also says that in the same year the army of Han Xian and Yang Feng ran short of grain, and Yang Feng, hearing that Liu Bei resented Lü Bu, secretly agreed with Liu Bei to attack Lü Bu together. Liu Bei pretended to agree, and when Yang Feng led his troops to see him in Pei, Liu Bei invited him into the city for a meal and had him seized and killed at the table.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Death: 197[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q123750953|Yang Feng]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/yang-feng.html en zh en 197 197 historical figure person_cn_q11495067 person murong-lie 慕容烈

Murong Lie is a fictional general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Chinese Wikipedia calls him a subordinate of Wen Pin, while Wikidata describes him as a subordinate general of Cao Cao and records 219 as his death year within the work. After the battle of Mount Dingjun he blocked Zhao Yun's way and was killed by Zhao Yun with one spear thrust.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11495067 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E7%83%88 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:04+08:00 user:admin 9 Murong Lie is a fictional general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 慕容烈, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata's description is that he is a subordinate general of Cao Cao, the dynasty of the work's setting is given as Han, and his death is recorded in 219. Chinese Wikipedia instead says he is a subordinate of Wen Pin; the two sources do not state his allegiance in quite the same way, and this entry reports both without reconciling them.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, in the battle of Mount Dingjun, after Huang Zhong killed Xiahou Yuan, Cao Cao raised an army to attack him. Huang Zhong wanted to raid Cao Cao's grain stores but fell for a Cao trap and was surrounded, and Zhao Yun came to rescue him with three thousand men. Zhao Yun levelled his spear and rode straight forward, and the Cao general Murong Lie blocked the road at the head of the column, spurring his horse and wielding his sword to fight Zhao Yun, who killed him with one thrust of the spear. The Cao troops fled, Cao Cao's army was routed, and Zhao Yun rescued Huang Zhong. The article's source is chapter 71 of the novel, in which Huang Zhong wins by waiting at ease while the enemy tires at Mount Zhandui and Zhao Yun wins with few against many on the Han River.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, subordinate general of Cao Cao[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata] - Death: 219 (within the work)[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/murong-lie.html en zh en 219 219 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1148977 person zhu-bajie 猪八戒

Zhu Bajie, with the Buddhist name Wuneng, is one of Tang Sanzang's disciples in the classical novel Journey to the West, second in rank, with a pig's face on a human body. In the novel he was Marshal Tianpeng, who commanded the heavenly water forces, and was cast down to earth for harassing Chang'e while drunk and was reborn by mistake in a pig's shape. He became Tang Sanzang's disciple and went to fetch the scriptures, and afterward was named Altar Cleanser.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148977 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%AA%E5%85%AB%E6%88%92 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:03+08:00 user:admin 10 Zhu Bajie is a character in Journey to the West. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 猪八戒. Wikidata also lists several other names for him, among them Zhu Wuneng, Zhu Ganglie, Bajie, Wuneng, Marshal Tianpeng, Altar Cleanser and Idiot, and Chinese Wikipedia says Zhu Ganglie is his original name and Zhu Wuneng a Buddhist name, while Bajie is a name Tang Sanzang gave him later. Because several names stand side by side and each plays a different role, the heading stays as it is rather than being changed to one of them. Wikidata describes him as one of Tang Sanzang's three disciples in Journey to the West, while Chinese Wikipedia counts four disciples, including the white dragon horse.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Appearance and names Chinese Wikipedia says his Buddhist name is Wuneng, he ranks second among Tang Sanzang's disciples, has a pig's face on a human body in the form of a black pig, and Sun Wukong often calls him Idiot. In Wu Cheng'en's text he is described with a snout hanging like a dirty lotus pod, ears like palm fans and golden eyes, tusks as sharp as steel files and a long mouth open like a fire basin, a tusked pig spirit. The article lists his names. Zhu Wuneng is the Buddhist name, Zhu Ganglie is the original name, Idiot is what Sun Wukong calls him, and Grandfather Pig is what he calls himself before demons. In the book the five members of the pilgrim party are matched to the five elements and he belongs to wood, so he is also called Wood Mother, and Marshal Tianpeng is the identity the book gives him before his descent.[^zhwiki] ## His story in the novel In Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West, Zhu Bajie was Marshal Tianpeng, who commanded eighty thousand soldiers of the Celestial River. At the Peach Banquet he got drunk, harassed the moon goddess Chang'e, knocked over the Palace of the Ox and Dipper, and ate the empress's lingzhi vegetable. The Jade Emperor sentenced him to two thousand blows and cast him down to earth, where he was reborn in the wrong womb and became a pig. He bit a sow to death, killed a herd of pigs, took Fuling Mountain, and lived by eating people, and later married into the household of Luan Erjie of Yunzhan Cave, who died a year later. On Fuling Mountain he met the bodhisattva Guanyin and fought her disciple Muzha, and on Guanyin's guidance became a disciple of the scripture seeker and received the Buddhist name Zhu Wuneng, then kept a vegetarian diet and gave up the five pungent foods and three things disliked, waiting for the seeker. Before meeting Tang Sanzang he married into the Gao village at the border of the land of Wusizang and took Gao Cuilan as his wife. When Tang Sanzang and Sun Wukong passed through the village, Cuilan's parents asked them to catch the monster. After Sun Wukong fought Zhu Wuneng and said he was a disciple of the scripture seeker, Zhu Wuneng agreed to follow, and became Tang Sanzang's disciple, who gave him the further name Zhu Bajie, and they set off for the Western Heaven together.[^zhwiki] On the journey his laziness, greed and lust often put the party in trouble. Twice he urged Tang Sanzang to drive Sun Wukong away, and several times in danger he wanted to divide the baggage and break up the party and go back to Gao Village. After the scriptures were obtained he was named Altar Cleanser bodhisattva because he still had a playful heart and had not lost his lust, and as a subordinate of the Buddha he is in charge of enjoying the offerings made for merit in the human world.[^zhwiki] ## Other versions and weapon The article says that in Yang Jingxian's Yuan zaju Journey to the West, Zhu Bajie was originally a chariot general under Marici, fled to the mortal world, lived in Black Wind Cave and called himself the Black Wind King, and took the form of Master Zhu to marry Pei Haitang. In that play he becomes Tang Sanzang's disciple later than Sha Wujing. In the Ming Later Journey to the West he has a son he has never met, Zhu Yijie, born of Gao Cuilan. He knows the thirty-six transformations and can become a high mountain, a tree, a rock or a giant, but is not good at turning into a woman. His weapon is the Supreme Treasure Gold-Plated Rake, commonly the nine-toothed rake, weighing a store of five thousand and forty-eight jin including the handle, forged by Laozi from divine cold iron with the help of the five emperors and the six ding and six jia spirits.[^zhwiki] ## Origins and folk culture On the origins of the figure, the article gives several views. The Three Kingdoms monk Zhu Shixing had the Buddhist name Bajie, which some take as a source of the name. Lu Xun held that the figure grew out of ancient Chinese myths such as the Soushenji story of the pig's arm and golden bell. Chen Yinke traced him to a great god who turned into a large pig to save a monk in a sutra translated by Yijing. The article also notes that the idea that the prototype was Yao Laoda has no historical basis, and first appeared in Zhu Daoping's 1999 novel Wu Cheng'en. It lists sayings such as Zhu Bajie looking in the mirror, being no human either inside or outside, and notes that some people make offerings to him on the first and fifteenth of each lunar month, and that he has many portrayals in film, television and animation.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: one of Tang Sanzang's three disciples in Journey to the West[^wikidata] - Other names: Zhu Wuneng, Zhu Ganglie, Bajie, Wuneng, Marshal Tianpeng, Altar Cleanser, Idiot[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]] /people/zhu-bajie.html en zh en Character in Journey to the West true mythological figure person_cn_q1133166 person dong-he 董和

Dong He (died 221), courtesy name Youzai, came from Zhijiang in Nanjun, with ancestors from Jiangzhou in Ba commandery. He served under Liu Zhang and then Liu Bei. The Records of the Three Kingdoms describe his frugal rule in local posts and his sincerity toward the southern tribes, and say that he later shared the running of Liu Bei's headquarters with Zhuge Liang.[^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133166 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E5%92%8C zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B739 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:01+08:00 user:admin 7 Dong He was an official at the end of the Eastern Han and in the early years of Shu Han. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Youzai, that he came from Zhijiang in Nanjun, and that his ancestors were originally from Jiangzhou in Ba commandery, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his death in 221; his birth year is not given.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Under Liu Zhang At the end of the Han, Dong He led his clan west into Yi province. The governor Liu Zhang appointed him magistrate of Niubi, then of Jiangyuan, and then prefect of Chengdu. Shu was rich and fashionable at the time, and wealthy families dressed and ate lavishly and spent their fortunes on weddings and funerals. Dong He set the example himself by dressing plainly and eating simply, and he set rules against excess. Wherever he served the customs improved, and people feared him enough not to offend. Powerful local families, afraid of his strict law, persuaded Liu Zhang to move him to be commandant of the Badong dependent state. Officials and common people, old and young, in the thousands begged to keep him, and Liu Zhang let him stay two more years before promoting him to grand administrator of Yizhou, where he was as frugal as before. In dealing with the tribes he tried to act in good faith, and people in the south loved and trusted him.[^zhengshi] ## Under Liu Bei When Liu Bei settled Shu he summoned Dong He as colonel who commands the army and had him run the offices of the general of the left and the grand marshal together with the military advisor Zhuge Liang. They offered what was possible and checked what was not, and got on well. Chen Shou notes that over more than twenty years he governed distant regions outside and handled central affairs inside, and that on the day he died his household had not even a small store of grain.[^zhengshi] ## Zhuge Liang's remembrance When Zhuge Liang was later chancellor, he instructed his subordinates that joint administration exists to gather many opinions, and that avoiding small friction and refusing to argue things back and forth causes loss. He said that Dong Youzai had shared the office for seven years and, when something was not right, would come back as many as ten times to tell him. If anyone could imitate a tenth of Xu Yuanzhi's clarity and Youzai's earnestness and be loyal to the state, he himself would make fewer mistakes. He added that he first befriended Cui Zhouping, then Xu Yuanzhi, then worked with Youzai, who said everything he thought, and later with Hu Ji, who often urged him to stop; these four had remained on good terms with him to the end. Chen Shou says Zhuge Liang remembered Dong He in just this way.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Dong He, courtesy name Youzai[^zhengshi] - Origin: Zhijiang in Nanjun, with ancestors from Jiangzhou in Ba commandery[^zhengshi] - Birthplace recorded: Nanjun[^wikidata] - Death: 221[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124349495|Dong He]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/dong-he.html en zh en 221 221 historical figure person_cn_q1146610 person cai-jing 蔡京

Cai Jing (1047–1126), courtesy name Yuanchang, came from Xianyou in Xinghua and was a chancellor under Emperor Huizong of Northern Song, who held power several times and was later named first of the Six Thieves. The History of Song places him among the treacherous ministers, and says that after Emperor Qinzong took the throne he was demoted and exiled, and died on the road at Tanzhou aged eighty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146610 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%BA%AC zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7472 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:24:00+08:00 user:admin 7 Cai Jing was a dominant chancellor under Emperor Huizong of Northern Song. The History of Song says his courtesy name was Yuanchang and that he came from Xianyou in Xinghua, and Wikidata's Chinese label is also 蔡京, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his life as 1047 to 1126.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Early years and calligraphy The History of Song says he passed the jinshi examination in the third year of Xining, served as defender of Qiantang and judicial official of Shuzhou, rose to diarist of the court, and on returning from an embassy to the Liao was made drafting official of the secretariat. His younger brother Cai Bian was already a drafting official, and by custom they ranked by order of entry, but Cai Bian asked to sit below his elder brother, so the two brothers together handled the writing of commands, which the court counted an honor.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia says he was handsome as a youth, of broad ability, and skilled at calligraphy, already a famous calligrapher when young. It adds that the four great calligraphers of Northern Song are Su, Huang, Mi and Cai, in which Cai originally meant Cai Jing, but later generations, thinking his character treacherous, changed it to Cai Xiang.[^zhwiki] ## Under Sima Guang and in the Shaosheng years The History of Song says that when Sima Guang, in power, restored the system of conscripted service with a deadline of five days, his colleagues complained that it was too hasty, but Cai Jing alone met the deadline, converting all the hired service in the capital counties with no breach, and Sima Guang praised him. In the early Shaosheng years Zhang Dun wanted to change the service rules again and discussed it for a long time without a decision. Cai Jing told him to simply apply the established law of Xining, and the hired-service system was settled that way. The biography remarks that the two systems were opposed by Sima Guang and Zhang Dun, yet Cai Jing twice dealt with them within ten years with ease, and the discerning could see his craftiness.[^zhengshi] ## Chancellor under Huizong After Emperor Huizong took the throne, Cai Jing was first dismissed and lived in Hangzhou. The biography says the eunuch Tong Guan came south to seek rare paintings and calligraphy and stayed in Hangzhou for months, during which Cai Jing kept company with him day and night. The screens and fans Cai Jing painted were sent into the palace by Tong Guan each day with words attached, and the emperor began to take note of him. Palace women and eunuchs spoke of him with one voice, and he was made governor of Dingzhou, then moved to Daming prefecture in the first year of Chongning and recalled as academician in attendance. He was made vice director of the left, soon replaced Zeng Bu as vice director of the right, and in the first month of the second year became vice director of the left. At the audience the emperor asked how he should continue the aims of his father and brother, and Cai Jing kowtowed and said he would give his life.[^zhengshi] The biography says he ran affairs through the office of discussion, abolished the examination law in favor of the three-hall system of schools, took over the tea trade in seven circuits, rewrote the salt notes so that wealthy merchants were ruined overnight, some drowning or hanging themselves, and cast large tens coins. He had the Yuanyou ministers listed as a treacherous faction, with their names carved in stone before a palace gate and a copy written out in his own hand for distribution to the prefectures, three hundred and nine people in all, whose descendants were barred. He promoted Tong Guan and others to military governors, until the law of the ancestors was swept away. Rich as he became, he grew greedier, drawing the pay of a vice director as well as the grain and salary of a minister of works.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia lists his financial measures, such as the tea voucher law, the salt voucher law and the founding of charity cemeteries for unclaimed remains, and says these sharply raised government revenue and paid for the dynasty's large military actions, while ruining merchants and impoverishing ordinary people.[^zhwiki] ## Rises and falls The History of Song says that in the fifth year of Chongning a comet appeared, and because critics attacked the tablet of factions, the emperor cancelled everything Cai Jing had set up and removed him. His followers then worked privately on the emperor, and in the first year of Daguan he was again vice director of the left, later made grand commandant and grand tutor. In the third year of Daguan the censors and remonstrators attacked him together and he retired, and in the fourth year he was demoted to junior guardian of the heir and sent to Hangzhou. He was recalled in the second year of Zhenghe and held power again. The biography says he changed official titles, styled himself the Duke Chancellor in charge of all three offices, pressed the system of handwritten imperial notes, and urged casting nine tripods, building the Mingtang and Daoist temples, and making the Dasheng music, with large public works that left the people of the Yellow River region in misery. In the sixth year of Xuanhe he took power a fourth time, but his eyes were dim and he could not manage affairs, and his youngest son Cai Tao decided everything on his behalf. His eldest son Cai You then exposed Cai Tao, and the emperor sent Tong Guan to make Cai Jing resign. Cai Jing wept and gave in, and court writers drafted three memorials of resignation in his name.[^zhengshi] ## Family and end The biography says his sons Cai You, Cai Tao and Cai Xiao rose to senior academicians, and his son Cai You married Princess Maode. The emperor visited his house seven times and gave countless rewards. It also says that Cai You and Cai Jing came into conflict over power and set up separate households until they were like enemies. When Emperor Qinzong took the throne and frontier alarms grew, Cai Jing took the whole household south to protect himself, and the world named him first of the Six Thieves. The censor Sun Di and others presented sharp memorials, and he was demoted to director of the palace library with duties at Nanjing, then to deputy military commissioner of Chongxin and Qingyuan, with residence assigned at Hengzhou, then moved to Shaozhou and Danzhou. He died on the road at Tanzhou, aged eighty.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia says he died of illness at the Dongming temple south of Tanzhou in the seventh month of the first year of Jingkang, that his descendants moved his remains home to Xianyou in the fourth year of Qiandao under Southern Song, that he was rehabilitated and posthumously made Duke of Lu in the reign of Emperor Xiaozong, and that popular tradition holds he starved to death after local people refused to sell him food.[^zhwiki] ## Assessment The History of Song puts him among the treacherous ministers and says he was fierce and sly by nature, using cunning to control people. Before the emperor he watched for chances only to keep his own place, valued profit over duty, and let brothers become strangers and father and son enemies, until he finally brought disaster on the dynasty, and although he died in disgrace on the road, the world still resented that he had not received the proper punishment.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia also gives the more favorable view: he had great artistic talent in calligraphy, verse and prose, and his disciple Lü Chuan Bianlao, who wrote his epitaph, argued that the Jin invasion could no more be blamed on Cai Jing than the An Lushan rebellion on Yao Chong and Song Jing, the good chancellors of Xuanzong's early reign. Ye Shi and Wang Fuzhi also comment on his fiscal measures and the stone-and-flower transport.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Cai Jing, courtesy name Yuanchang[^zhengshi] - Origin: Xianyou in Xinghua[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] - Life: 1047 to 1126[^wikidata] - Description: statesman of Northern Song[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Northern Song[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q111027783|Cai Jing]] (character in Water Margin) /people/cai-jing.html en zh en 1047 1047 1126 1126 historical figure person_cn_q1143870 person sima-you 司马攸

Sima You (246–283), courtesy name Dayou and childhood name Taofu, was a son of Sima Zhao adopted as heir to Sima Shi and a full younger brother of Emperor Wu of Jin, with the title Prince of Qi. The Book of Jin says his talent and prestige exceeded the emperor's. In his last years Xun Xu and Feng Dan pressed the emperor to send him back to his state, and he fell ill with resentment and died vomiting blood. His posthumous name was Xian.[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143870 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E6%94%B8 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7038 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:59+08:00 user:admin 7 Sima You was an imperial prince from Cao Wei into the Western Jin. The Book of Jin calls him Prince Xian of Qi, with the given name You and the courtesy name Dayou, and Wikidata's Chinese label is 司馬攸, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his life as 246 to 283.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Early years The Book of Jin says he was quick and clever as a child, and as an adult was mild and fair, close to the worthy and generous, fond of the classics, able in composition and skilled at letters, and a model for his age. His talent and prestige exceeded Emperor Wu's, and Sima Yi, the Emperor Xuan, valued him. Sima Shi, the Emperor Jing, had no son and made him his heir. He went on the campaign against Wang Ling and was made Marquis of Changle Pavilion. When Sima Shi died he was ten, and his grief moved those around him and was much admired. He inherited the title Marquis of Wuyang. He served the dowager Empress Yang Huiyu at a separate residence and became known for filial devotion, then served as mounted attendant and colonel of the infantry, and at eighteen calmed his camps with authority and kindness. When the five ranks were set up he was changed to Marquis of Anchang and became general of the guards. In mourning for Emperor Wen, Sima Zhao, he grieved beyond what ritual asked and could rise only with a staff. When those around him brought him rice, he wept and would not take it, until the empress dowager came in person to urge him and his clerk Ji Xi argued with him, and only then did he force himself to eat.[^zhengshi] ## Prince of Qi When Emperor Wu took the throne Sima You was made Prince of Qi. The court was newly founded, and he commanded the armies and calmed the realm inside and out, and everyone looked to him. When the court debated letting princes choose the senior officers of their states, he submitted a memorial against it, which was turned down three times. Later, when his chancellor reported vacancies in the state's senior posts and the secretary asked to nominate people, Sima You ordered that appointing officials was a matter for the court, not something the state should decide, and that the chancellor should petition the court. At the time princes' households were fed and clothed from the imperial stores. He wrote that the rents of his state were enough for himself and asked to stop this more than ten times, and the emperor refused each time. Although he never went to his state, he divided its taxes to pay its civil and military staff down to the soldiers, and gave gifts for sickness and death. When floods or droughts came, he lent grain to the people of the state, collected only in a good year, and cut the amount by a fifth.[^zhengshi] He rose to general of the agile cavalry with the right to open an office, treated as equal to the three excellencies, humble and trusting with others. When the rank required him to disband his camp troops, several thousand soldiers were so attached to his kindness that they refused to leave, and the emperor gave him back his troops. He then became general who guards the army, was given the rank of palace attendant, served as acting junior tutor and then grand tutor of the crown prince, and offered the prince an admonition in verse. In the second year of Xianning he succeeded Jia Chong as minister of works. In court debate he spoke with all his heart; on years of famine, for example, he urged strict orders to prefectures to check false claims that harmed farming, and to forbid extravagance and idle living in the capital.[^zhengshi] ## His fall and death The Book of Jin says Sima Zhao especially loved him, often patting the couch and calling him by his childhood name, saying it was Taofu's seat, and nearly made him heir. As he lay dying he wept as he told Emperor Wu the stories of the Prince of Huainan of Han and Cao Zhi of Wei, put Sima You's hand into the emperor's, and urged the brothers to live in peace. In the emperor's later years his sons were young and the crown prince was weak, and officials inside and out looked to Sima You. Xun Xu, director of the secretariat, and Feng Dan, attendant, advanced themselves by flattery, and Sima You had long despised them. Fearing that he would succeed, they told the emperor that the crown prince could not be established, because all the officials had turned to the Prince of Qi, and that if he were told to go to his state the whole court would say it could not be done. Feng Dan added that if the princes were to be sent to their states, one should begin with the closest relative, and no one was closer than the Prince of Qi. The emperor believed them, and in the third year of Taikang issued an edict appointing him grand marshal with command over Qing province and sending him back to Qi. Sima You was displeased, knew it was Xun Xu and Feng Dan who had plotted against him, fell ill from anger and asked to guard the tombs of the former empress, which was refused. The emperor sent court physicians, who guessed his wishes and all said there was no illness. As the illness worsened he was still pressed to depart. He forced himself to go and take leave, still kept up his dress and bearing and acted as usual, so the emperor suspected him of feigning. Two nights after leaving the palace he vomited blood and died.[^zhengshi] The Book of Jin says he was thirty-six when he died, that the emperor wept bitterly, and that Feng Dan, standing beside him, said the Prince of Qi's name exceeded his reality and the realm had turned to him, so that his death was good fortune for the state, at which the emperor wiped away his tears. His funeral followed the precedent of Sima Fu, Prince of Anping, and he was given a place at the imperial ancestral temple. His son Sima Jiong succeeded him. Chinese Wikipedia gives the date of his death as the guichou day of the third month of the fourth year of Taikang, 27 April 283, at the age of thirty-eight, and adds that the emperor later executed the physicians after Sima Jiong told him they had lied that his father was not ill, and that his posthumous name was set as Xian. The sources do not agree on his age, thirty-six in the Book of Jin and thirty-eight in Chinese Wikipedia, and Wikidata's English description even gives 248 as the year of birth, so this entry does not try to reconcile them and uses only Wikidata's structured dates of 246 and 283.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## Character The Book of Jin says he restrained himself by ritual and rarely erred. When he borrowed a book he would correct its mistakes by hand before returning it. He was unusually sincere, and was moved to tears whenever something touched on his parents' names, and even Emperor Wu respected and feared him, choosing his words carefully when they were together. He had three sons, Sima Rui (司马蕤), Sima Zan (司马赞) and Sima Shi (司马寔), and the Book of Jin has a separate biography of his son Sima Jiong.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Sima You, courtesy name Dayou, childhood name Taofu[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] - Life: 246 to 283[^wikidata] - Title: Prince of Qi, posthumous name Xian[^zhengshi] - Description: Cao Wei official and Western Jin imperial prince[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Cao Wei, Western Jin[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124732043|Sima You]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/sima-you.html en zh en 246 246 283 283 historical figure person_cn_q1133156 person zhu-ju 朱据

Zhu Ju (194–250), courtesy name Zifan, was a man of Wu county in Wu commandery and an important Eastern Wu official and general, married to a daughter of Sun Quan. He rose to General of Agile Cavalry. For firmly backing the crown prince in the Two Palaces dispute he was demoted and then put to death on a forged edict by Sun Hong.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133156 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%93%9A zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B757 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:58+08:00 user:admin 7 Zhu Ju was an official and general of Eastern Wu. The Records of the Three Kingdoms, juan 57, gives his courtesy name as Zifan and calls him a man of Wu county in Wu commandery. Wikidata gives the labels 朱据 (traditional form 朱據) and Zhu Ju with the alias Zifan, and records his life as 194 to 250. The title stays as his personal name.[^zhengshi][^wikidata] ## Early career The history says he was handsome and strong and good at argument. At the start of Huangwu he was summoned as a gentleman of the five offices and made a censor. When the minister of appointments, Ji Yan, hated corrupt officials in post and wanted to purge them all, Zhu Ju argued that the world was not yet settled, that merit should cover faults, that discarding flaws and keeping useful men while raising the honest above the foul was enough, and that sweeping dismissals would bring trouble later. Ji Yan did not listen and eventually failed.[^zhengshi] ## Under Sun Quan Sun Quan, sighing over the shortage of commanders, thought back to Lü Meng and Zhang Wen and judged Zhu Ju fit to follow them, since his talent was both civil and military. He made him Colonel of Established Righteousness stationed at Huzhu. After Sun Quan moved the capital to Jianye he summoned Zhu Ju to marry a princess, and made him General of the Left and Marquis of Yunyang. The Records say he was modest to scholars, careless of wealth and generous, so that his large stipends were often not enough. Chinese Wikipedia identifies the princess as Sun Quan's third daughter Sun Luyu.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] When large coins worth five hundred each were first cast in the Jiahe era, a craftsman Wang Sui tricked his way into taking thirty thousand strings meant for Zhu Ju's household troops. The inspector Lü Yi suspected Zhu Ju had taken them and questioned the official in charge, who died under the rod. Zhu Ju pitied him and buried him generously, and Lü Yi then reported that Zhu Ju's officials were covering for him. Sun Quan questioned Zhu Ju several times, and he could not clear himself and sat on straw awaiting punishment. After some months the army clerk Liu Zhu discovered that Wang Sui had taken the money. Sun Quan was struck, saying that if even Zhu Ju could be wronged, what of ordinary officials and people, and had Lü Yi's crimes investigated and rewarded Liu Zhu a million cash.[^zhengshi] ## The Two Palaces dispute and death Zhu Ju was later promoted to General of Agile Cavalry; Chinese Wikipedia dates this to 246 and adds that in 249 he briefly took charge of the chancellor's duties. When the crown prince and the Prince of Lu quarrelled, Zhu Ju backed the crown prince with earnest words and a look of righteousness, holding to it to the death, and was demoted to commandery aide of Xindu. Before he arrived, the secretariat director Sun Hong slandered him, and while Sun Quan lay ill had a forged edict issued ordering his death. The Records say he was fifty-seven.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Afterwards Under Sun Liang his two sons Zhu Xiong and Zhu Sun each regained a command, but both were killed after being accused by Princess Quan. In the Yongan era his earlier merit was recalled, and Zhu Xiong's son Zhu Xuan inherited the Marquis of Yunyang and married a princess; under Sun Hao he rose to General of Agile Cavalry. Chinese Wikipedia adds that Zhu Ju's daughter became the empress of Emperor Jing of Wu, Sun Xiu.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Zhu Ju[^zhengshi] - Courtesy name: Zifan[^zhengshi] - Origin: Wu county in Wu commandery; the birthplace linked on this entry is [[place_suzhou|Suzhou]][^wikidata] - Dates: 194–250[^wikidata] - Realm: Eastern Wu[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cnv_q1133156_q70806|Zhu Ju]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/zhu-ju.html en zh en 194 194 250 250 historical figure person_cn_q1143130 person ma-xiu 马休

Ma Xiu (178–211) was a son of the northwestern general Ma Teng and a brother of Ma Chao in the Three Kingdoms period. After Cao Cao summoned Ma Teng to the capital, Ma Xiu moved with the family to Ye. When Ma Chao rose against Cao in 211, Ma Teng and his family were put to death, and Ma Xiu died then.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143130 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BC%91 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:55+08:00 user:admin 7 Ma Xiu was a figure of the Three Kingdoms period. Wikidata's Chinese label is 馬休, written 马休 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. This entry records his life as 178 to 211 and his country as China.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Family Chinese Wikipedia says he was a son of Ma Teng, a general of the northwest in the Three Kingdoms, and a brother of Ma Chao. Wikidata also lists Ma Teng as his father.[^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## The move to Ye and his death Chinese Wikipedia records that when Cao Cao was made chancellor he wanted to call Ma Chao to the capital as a subordinate, and Ma Chao did not accept. Cao Cao then summoned Ma Teng under the title of commandant of the guards to take office in the capital, and Ma Chao was made general of the flank and Marquis of Duting. Ma Xiu moved with the family to Ye, the capital of Cao Wei. Later, in 211, Ma Chao rose in revolt against Cao, and Cao Cao put to death Ma Chao's father Ma Teng and his family and brothers, and Ma Xiu died at that time. The article is short and does not record his courtesy name, offices or personal deeds.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Life: 178 to 211[^wikidata] - Father: Ma Teng[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Brother: Ma Chao[^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: China[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124326033|Ma Xiu]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/ma-xiu.html en zh en 178 178 211 211 historical figure person_cn_q11487635 person zhang-pu 张普

Zhang Pu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a Wei general under Cao Xiu at the battle of Shiting and the vanguard of Cao Xiu's army. He led twenty thousand men to lie in ambush south of Shiting, ran into Zhu Huan's Wu troops without knowing who they were, and was cut down by Zhu Huan with one stroke of the sword.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11487635 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%99%AE 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:55+08:00 user:admin 7 Zhang Pu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 張普, written 张普 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a military officer of Cao Wei and gives the state of the work's setting as Great Wei.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel Chinese Wikipedia says he was a general under Cao Xiu at the battle of Shiting. As vanguard of Cao Xiu's army he brought several thousand men to fight the Wu troops and rode out calling on the rebel general to surrender early, but when Xu Sheng came out to meet him Zhang Pu could not withstand him and withdrew. Cao Xiu planned to win by a surprise force and ordered Zhang Pu to lie in ambush south of Shiting with twenty thousand men. Lu Xun, for his part, had Zhu Huan and Quan Cong each take thirty thousand men along the mountain roads of Shiting to the rear of Cao Xiu's camp and set it on fire. When Zhu Huan reached the Wei camp he met Zhang Pu's ambush, and Zhang Pu, not knowing they were Wu troops, was cut down by Zhu Huan with one stroke of the sword.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei military officer[^wikidata] - State of the work's setting: Great Wei[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/zhang-pu.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1147819 person sun-yi 孙翊

Sun Yi (184–204), courtesy name Shubi, was a son of Sun Jian and a younger brother of Sun Ce and Sun Quan, of the Wu royal house. The Records of the Three Kingdoms call him fierce and bold like his brother Ce, and say that in the eighth year of Jian'an, at twenty, he became acting grand administrator of Danyang as general of the flank, and was later killed by his attendant Bian Hong.[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147819 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E7%BF%8A zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B751 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:53+08:00 user:admin 7 Sun Yi was a member of the royal house of Eastern Wu at the end of the Eastern Han. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Shubi and that he was a younger brother of Sun Quan, so the title stays his personal name. Wikidata also lists the alternative name Sun Yan, and the Dianlüe commentary says his given name was Yan. This entry records his life as 184 to 204.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Origin and temper Chinese Wikipedia says he was from Fuchun in Wu commandery, the third son of Sun Jian and a full younger brother of Sun Ce and Sun Quan. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say he was fierce, bold and decisive, like his brother Ce. The grand administrator Zhu Zhi recommended him as filial and incorrupt, and the minister of works Cao Cao summoned him too. The commentary quoting the Dianlüe says that when Sun Ce was dying, Zhang Zhao and others thought he should hand his troops to Sun Yan, who was Sun Yi and who was like Ce in temper, but Sun Ce called for Sun Quan and gave him the seals. Chinese Wikipedia adds that Sun Yi was severe and impatient and gave free rein to his moods, and that Zhu Zhi often rebuked him on grounds of principle.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Acting grand administrator of Danyang In the eighth year of Jian'an he became general of the flank and acting grand administrator of Danyang at the age of twenty. The Records say he was later killed by his attendant Bian Hong, who was himself executed at once.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia gives more detail. After arriving he treated Gui Lan and Dai Yuan with courtesy, men who had hidden in the mountains after Sun Quan killed Sheng Xian, grand administrator of Wu. He made Gui Lan commander of the troops and Dai Yuan assistant to the commandery, but the two wanted revenge for Sheng Xian, grew close to Bian Hong, were criticized by Sun Yi several times, and plotted to kill him. In the ninth year of Jian'an the magistrates of the counties of Danyang came to see him together. His wife Lady Xu cast a divination for the banquet, said the omen was bad and urged him not to hold it, but he did not listen. He normally wore a sword when going in and out, but that day, a little drunk, he saw the guests off unarmed, and Bian Hong cut him down from behind.[^zhwiki] ## His wife's revenge According to Chinese Wikipedia, Bian Hong fled into the mountains and was caught by men Lady Xu sent after him. Gui Lan and Dai Yuan put all the blame on Bian Hong and had him beheaded, but the soldiers of both Sun Yi and Sun Quan held the two men to be the real culprits. Sun He, grand administrator of Lujiang, hurried to Wanling and rebuked them for failing in their duty, and they killed him too. Gui Lan took over Sun Yi's troops, property and concubines and wanted to take Lady Xu as well, who pretended to agree and secretly contacted Sun Yi's officers Sun Gao, Fu Ying and Xu Yuan to kill Gui Lan and Dai Yuan, then made an offering of their heads at Sun Yi's tomb. When Sun Quan reached Danyang with his army he also sacrificed at the tomb in person, promoted Sun Gao and Fu Ying to commanders of the gate, and rewarded them with gold, silver and silk.[^zhwiki] ## Descendants and assessment The Records say his son Sun Song became colonel of the Shesheng guard and Marquis of Duxiang, and died in the third year of Huanglong. Zhuge Liang wrote to his brother Zhuge Jin that Sun Song was a fine vessel and that he wept at the gifts Sun Song had given him; this is said to be reported by Zhuge Liang's adopted son Zhuge Qiao. Chen Shou's assessment is that Sun Yi was fierce, bold and decisive, with the manner of his brother Ce.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Sun Yi, courtesy name Shubi, also called Sun Yan[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata] - Life: 184 to 204[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Eastern Wu, Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q123681164|Sun Yi]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/sun-yi.html en zh en 184 184 204 204 historical figure person_cn_q1133057 person ehe-shaoge 俄何烧戈

Ehe Shaoge is a Qiang general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, combined from two Qiang leaders, E He and Shaoge, in the histories. In the novel he leads 50,000 men for Mi Dang against Wei, falls for Chen Tai's feigned surrender, and kills himself when surrounded; Wikidata records his death as 247.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133057 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BD%95%E7%87%92%E6%88%88 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:50+08:00 user:admin 7 Ehe Shaoge is a Qiang general who appears in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 俄何烧戈 (traditional form 俄何燒戈) and his English label as Ehe Shaoge, describing him as a fictional character based on two individuals, and Chinese Wikipedia likewise notes that the histories have two separate people, E He and Shaoge. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel Chinese Wikipedia summarises that when Jiang Wei of Shu Han campaigned in the north, he invited King Mi Dang to send help, and Mi Dang sent Ehe Shaoge with 50,000 men against Wei. The Wei general Chen Tai feigned surrender and lured him into raiding the camp; surrounded by Guo Huai and Chen Tai and unable to escape, he cut his own throat. The episode is from chapter 109.[^zhwiki] ## The historical E He and Shaoge The article describes E He (also written 俄何) and Shaoge as Qiang chiefs of Longxi, Nan'an, Jincheng, Xiping and neighboring areas in the Three Kingdoms period, giving E He's dates as ? to 247. In the eighth year of Zhengshi (247) E He, Shaoge, Fatong, E Zhesai and Zhiwudai rose together against Cao Wei, attacked its cities and made contact with Jiang Wei of Shu Han. Guo Huai judged that Jiang Wei would attack Xiahou Ba, so he entered Fengzhong and turned south to meet Xiahou Ba; Jiang Wei attacked Weichi, and when Guo Huai's army arrived Jiang Wei withdrew. Guo Huai then advanced against the Qiang and killed E He and Shaoge, and tens of thousands of their followers surrendered to Wei.[^zhwiki] Chinese Wikipedia also stresses that the histories do not record Chen Tai taking part in this campaign and that Mi Dang was active earlier, in 240, so the novel's episode differs from the record.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Ehe Shaoge, combined from E He and Shaoge[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Qiang general[^wikidata] - Death year recorded on this entry: 247[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/ehe-shaoge.html en zh en 247 247 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1142166 person sima-zhou 司马伷

Sima Zhou (227–283), courtesy name Zijiang, was the fourth son of Sima Yi and an imperial prince and general from Cao Wei into the Western Jin. First made Marquis of Nan'an Pavilion, he became Prince of Dongguan under Emperor Wu and then Prince of Langye, garrisoning Xiapi. The Book of Jin records that he led tens of thousands out through Tuzhong in the conquest of Wu and that he died in the fourth year of Taikang at fifty-seven.[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142166 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E4%BC%B7 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7038 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:49+08:00 user:admin 7 Sima Zhou was an imperial prince and general from Cao Wei into the Western Jin. The Book of Jin calls him Prince Wu of Langye, with the given name Zhou and the courtesy name Zijiang, and Wikidata's Chinese label is also 司馬伷, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his life as 227 to 283, which agrees with the Book of Jin saying that he died at fifty-seven.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Family Chinese Wikipedia says he was the fourth son of Sima Yi and his mother was Lady Fu. He was a half-brother of Sima Shi, Sima Zhao and Sima Gan and a full brother of Sima Liang, Sima Jing and Sima Jun, and he was the grandfather of Emperor Yuan of Jin, Sima Rui. His wife was the eldest daughter of Zhuge Dan, and they had Sima Jin, Sima Dan and Sima Yao.[^zhwiki] ## Under Cao Wei The Book of Jin says that in the early Zhengshi years he was made Marquis of Nan'an Pavilion. He had talent and a good name early, started as general who pacifies the north and guarded Ye, where he was praised for calming people, and rose to mounted attendant, was advanced to Marquis of Dongwu district, and became general of the right and inspector of Yan province. When the five ranks were first set up he was made Earl of Nanpi, and he became general who campaigns against the captives with credentials.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia adds that in 260, when Cao Mao and Wang Jing plotted against Sima Zhao, Sima Zhou, then colonel of the Tun cavalry, attacked Cao Mao together with Jia Chong. They met Cao Mao at the East Carriage-Stopping Gate, and Cao Mao's men shouted at Sima Zhou's, who ran away.[^zhwiki] ## Under Western Jin When Emperor Wu took the throne he made Sima Zhou Prince of Dongguan with ten thousand six hundred households. When the court began to set up the two ministers, an edict told the princes to choose their own magistrates, and he sent a memorial declining it, which was refused. He entered the court as vice director of the right in the secretariat and general who comforts the army, then went out as general who guards the east with credentials over military affairs in Xu province, replacing Wei Guan at Xiapi. The Book of Jin says he defended the area well, won the full effort of his troops, and was feared by the men of Wu. He was given the rank of acting as the three excellencies and his title was changed to Prince of Langye, with Dongguan added to his state.[^zhengshi] ## The conquest of Wu In the campaign against Wu he led tens of thousands out through Tuzhong, and Sun Hao sent a letter with his seals and ribbons to Sima Zhou to ask for surrender. The edict praised him: he had commanded his forces and held Tuzhong in succession so that the enemy could not rescue one another, had sent the chancellor of Langye Liu Hong and others to press toward the river and frighten the enemy into sending envoys with false seals, and had his chief clerk Wang Heng take troops across the river, break the border guards and capture the commander Cai Ji, with some fifty or sixty thousand killed or surrendered. Zhuge Jing and Sun Yi came back and begged for death. For this his two sons were made pavilion marquises with three thousand households each and he was given six thousand bolts of silk. Soon he was also put in charge of Qing province and given the dress of an attendant, and advanced to grand general with the rank of acting as the three excellencies.[^zhengshi] ## Later years and death The Book of Jin judges that, as a close relative of high rank and with the merit of conquering Wu, he still restrained himself and was respectful and frugal, without a trace of pride; his subordinates gave their best and the people remembered his teaching. When he was gravely ill the emperor sent bedding, clothing, money, silk and grain, and an attendant to ask after him. He died in the fourth year of Taikang at fifty-seven. On his deathbed he asked to be buried beside his mother, the dowager consort, and to divide his state among four sons, and the emperor agreed. His son Prince Gong, Sima Jin, succeeded him, and the second son Sima Dan was made Prince of Wuling, Sima Yao Prince of Dong'an and Sima Cui Prince of Huailing. Chinese Wikipedia gives the date of his death as the jihai day of the fifth month of the fourth year of Taikang, 12 June 283.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Sima Zhou, courtesy name Zijiang[^zhengshi] - Life: 227 to 283[^wikidata] - Posthumous name: Wu[^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: China (Cao Wei and Western Jin)[^wikidata] - Birthplace recorded: [[place_luoyang|Luoyang]][^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124737301|Sima Zhou]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/sima-zhou.html en zh en 227 227 283 283 historical figure person_cn_q11398296 person liu-an 刘安

Liu An is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the hunter who sheltered Liu Bei. After Lü Bu defeated Liu Bei and he fled toward Cao Cao, he lodged at Liu An's home. Liu An could not find game and killed his own wife to feed him. Liu Bei wept when he learned the truth, and Cao Cao sent Sun Qian to reward Liu An with a hundred taels of gold.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11398296 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AE%89_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:48+08:00 user:admin 7 Liu An is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 劉安, written 刘安 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is titled 劉安 with the parenthetical (三國演義), which only distinguishes it from others of the same name, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a hunter and gives the dynasty of the setting as Han.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Lü Bu defeated Liu Bei, Liu Bei fled toward Cao Cao and lodged at the home of the hunter Liu An on the way. Liu An knew that the governor of Yu province had come and wanted to find wild game for the meal, but could not find any at short notice, so he killed his own wife and fed her to Liu Bei. Liu Bei asked what the meat was and Liu An said it was wolf. The next morning Liu Bei saw in the kitchen a slain woman with the flesh cut from her arms and asked Liu An in shock, and Liu An told him the truth. Liu Bei was grieved and wept. Liu An said he had wanted to follow his lord but did not dare go far because his old mother was at home. Later Liu Bei met Cao Cao and told him what happened, and Cao Cao sent Sun Qian to give Liu An a hundred taels of gold.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, hunter[^wikidata] - Occupation: hunter[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/liu-an.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1138838 person lin-chong 林冲

Lin Chong is a major character in the classical novel Water Margin, matched with the star Tianxiong among the thirty-six Heavenly Spirits and nicknamed Leopard Head. He begins as weapons instructor to the eight hundred thousand Imperial Guards at Dongjing. Framed by Gao Qiu and exiled to Cangzhou, he later joins Liangshan, ranks sixth, and dies of paralysis at Liuhe Temple in Hangzhou after the amnesty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138838 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%86%B2 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:43+08:00 user:admin 7 Lin Chong is a character in Water Margin. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 林冲. Wikidata also lists the names Leopard Head and Tianxiong, a nickname and a star name, neither of which can stand in for a personal name, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a Water Margin character, gives the dynasty of the setting as the Great Song, and places his death around the 1120s.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Origin and appearance Chinese Wikipedia says he corresponds to the star Tianxiong among the thirty-six Heavenly Spirits. When he first appears he is about thirty-four or thirty-five and is weapons instructor to the eight hundred thousand Imperial Guards at Dongjing (today's Kaifeng). He is big and strong, with a leopard's head, round eyes, a swallow's jaw and a tiger's beard, which is why he is called Leopard Head. He wields a snake spear of one zhang and eight chi and is unmatched in arms. His wife is Lady Zhang and they have no children. His father-in-law Instructor Zhang was once an Imperial Guards instructor, his father was an officer at Dongjing, and Cao Zheng, the Knife Demon, was his pupil.[^zhwiki] ## Framed and driven to Liangshan Lin Chong and the monk Lu Zhishen took to each other at once and swore brotherhood. When Lin Chong's wife went to burn incense at the Dongyue temple she was harassed by Gao Yanei, the adopted son of the marshal Gao Qiu. Her maid Jin'er told Lin Chong, who rushed over and stopped it. Gao Yanei did not give up and had Gao Qiu's confidant Lu Qian lure Lin Chong out to drink so that he could molest Lady Zhang, but Lin Chong hurried back and stopped that too. Having offended Gao Yanei, Lin Chong was trapped by Gao Qiu into entering the White Tiger Hall carrying a sword, was convicted and sentenced to exile in Cangzhou, and nearly died at the hands of the escorts Dong Chao and Xue Ba in the Wild Boar Forest until Lu Zhishen saved him. Staying at Chai Jin's house he laid out the arrogant Instructor Hong, who thought himself the best fighter there.[^zhwiki] At the Cangzhou prison camp Chai Jin quietly arranged things so that Lin Chong got the easy post of guarding the Hall of the Heavenly Kings. When Gao Qiu learned of this he sent Lu Qian and Fu An to kill him. They bribed the camp warden to move Lin Chong to the fodder yard and planned to burn it with him in it, but Lin Chong was out buying wine that day and escaped. With the fodder yard burned, which by law meant death, Lin Chong was driven to fury, killed Lu Qian, Fu An and an official, and no longer kept faith with the law. On Chai Jin's recommendation he went up to Liangshan on a snowy night.[^zhwiki] ## At Liangshan The chief then, the White-Robed Scholar Wang Lun, was petty and jealous and, fearing that Lin Chong would take his place, made things hard for him and demanded that within three days he go down the mountain, kill a man and bring back the head. Lin Chong would not harm an innocent traveler, and on the last day he waylaid the passing Yang Zhi, the Blue-Faced Beast. They fought dozens of rounds without result. When Chao Gai and his band came to join, Wang Lun again made excuses, and Lin Chong, goaded by Wu Yong, killed Wang Lun in anger and put Chao Gai forward as the new head. During this time he heard from passers-by that his father-in-law had died of illness and that his wife, pressed to marry by Gao Qiu, had hanged herself, and from then on he regarded Gao Qiu as his lifelong enemy.[^zhwiki] When Liangshan attacked the Zhu Family Manor, Lin Chong charged to the front, captured Hu Sanniang, and defeated Zhu Long. Afterward he was a main fighter against the imperial forces of Gao Lian, Huyan Zhuo and Guan Sheng. When the 108 were ranked he was sixth and second of the five tiger generals of the cavalry, in charge of holding the western land camp.[^zhwiki] ## After the amnesty After Liangshan accepted the amnesty, he followed Song Jiang and Lu Junyi against Liao, Tian Hu and Wang Qing. After Fang La was destroyed he caught paralysis in Hangzhou and was too ill to rise. He stayed at Liuhe Temple to recover, looked after by Wu Song and Lu Zhishen, and died half a year later. He was posthumously honored as Zhongwulang.[^zhwiki] ## Assessment The article quotes Jin Shengtan, who calls Lin Chong a first-rate figure but written too harshly: he could calculate ahead, endure, hold fast and carry things through, and that frightened people. It also quotes Mao Dun comparing the three officers Yang Zhi, Lin Chong and Lu Da: Yang Zhi wanted office, Lin Chong was law-abiding and submissive and was driven until he had nowhere to stay, and only Lu Da had no scruples and dared to act. Mao Dun also wrote a short story, Leopard Head Lin Chong.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: Water Margin character[^wikidata] - Other names: Leopard Head, Tianxiong[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Great Song[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]] /people/lin-chong.html en zh en Character in Water Margin true literary character person_cn_q11477179 person cui-yu 崔禹

Cui Yu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a subordinate general of Zhu Ran of Eastern Wu, and Wikidata records 221 as his death year within the work. In the battle of Yiling he volunteered to take Zhu Ran's place in the field, fell into an ambush, was captured by Zhang Bao, and was ordered beheaded by Liu Bei at Zigui.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477179 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E7%A6%B9 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:42+08:00 user:admin 7 Cui Yu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 崔禹, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a general of Eastern Wu, gives the state of the work's setting as Wu, and records his death in 221.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel Chinese Wikipedia says he is a subordinate general of Zhu Ran of Eastern Wu. In the battle of Yiling, Liu Bei's officers Wu Ban, Feng Xi and Zhang Nan decided to raid the camp by night, and a soldier who pretended to surrender secretly told Wu of the planned night attack. Zhu Ran wanted to go out and fight, but Cui Yu said that a common soldier's words could not be fully trusted, volunteered to take Zhu Ran's place in the field, and Zhu Ran held the water camp steady. Cui Yu led ten thousand troops out, fell into an ambush, and was captured by Zhang Bao and taken to Zigui. Liu Bei ordered him beheaded and then attacked Zhu Ran, who fled in rout.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, general of Eastern Wu[^wikidata] - State of the work's setting: Wu[^wikidata] - Death: 221 (within the work)[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/cui-yu.html en zh en 221 221 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1133049 person zhu-ling 朱灵

Zhu Ling, courtesy name Wenbo, was a man of Shu county in Qinghe and a Cao Wei general who began under Yuan Shao, stayed with Cao Cao after helping him against Tao Qian, and rose to General in the Rear. The Records of the Three Kingdoms rank him just below Xu Huang. Wikidata gives his life as 170 to 223, while Chinese Wikipedia has him alive in 228 or later.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133049 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%9D%88_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B) zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B717 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:39+08:00 user:admin 8 Zhu Ling was a general of Cao Wei. The Records of the Three Kingdoms, juan 17, attaches his biography to that of Xu Huang. Chinese Wikipedia gives his courtesy name as Wenbo and his origin as Shu county in the state of Qinghe, and Wikidata gives the labels 朱灵 (traditional form 朱靈) and Zhu Ling with the alias Wenbo. The title stays as his personal name.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## From Yuan Shao to Cao Cao The Records say Zhu Ling began as a commander under Yuan Shao. When Cao Cao attacked Tao Qian, Yuan Shao sent him to lead three camps in support, and he won merit. The other generals Yuan Shao had sent all went home, but he said he had seen many men and none like Cao Cao, a true lord, and having met him he would not go elsewhere. He stayed, and the soldiers under him, who admired him, stayed too. Chinese Wikipedia dates this to the fourth year of Chuping (193) and adds that two years earlier Yuan Shao had sent him against Ji Yong, who held his home county of Shu. The defenders put his mother and brother on the wall to lure him to surrender; he wept and said that a man who has gone out to serve cannot think of his family, fought hard, took the town and captured Ji Yong, and his family were all killed.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Under Cao Cao Chinese Wikipedia records that in the fourth year of Jian'an (199) Cao Cao sent Zhu Ling and Lu Zhao with Liu Bei to Xu Province to stop Yuan Shu; Yuan Shu died of illness and Liu Bei killed Che Zhou and took Xiapi. Later Cao Cao wanted to remove Zhu Ling's command and sent Yu Jin with a few dozen horsemen and an order to his camp; neither he nor his men dared move, and he became a subordinate of Yu Jin. He then took part in the pacification of Ji Province in 205 and the killing of the rebel Cheng Ang at Yangzhai, in the Red Cliffs campaign of 208 as one of seven armies under the supervisor Zhao Yan, in the Tong Pass campaign of 211 as Xu Huang's deputy, with Xiahou Yuan at Chang'an the year after, and in Cao Cao's campaign against Zhang Lu in 215 as Zhang He's deputy.[^zhwiki] ## Under Wei The Records say he later became a fine general whose fame was second to Xu Huang and others, rising to General in the Rear and receiving a fief; the edict of Cao Pi after his accession says he had helped the late ruler for many years in command of troops, with authority beyond Fangshu and Shao Hu and merit above Zhou Bo and Guan Ying. Chinese Wikipedia adds that Cao Pi first meant to enfeoff him in his home county, but at his own request he was made Marquis of Gaotang. In the second year of Taihe (228) he took part in the battle of Shiting, the last time the histories mention him. He died soon after, was posthumously named Wei, and his son Zhu Shu inherited the fief.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Differing dates Wikidata records him as born in 170 and dead in 223. Chinese Wikipedia says only that he was born in the 170s and died in or after 228, with the Shiting campaign the last record of him. The two do not agree, and this entry lists both without choosing between them.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Zhu Ling[^zhengshi] - Courtesy name: Wenbo[^zhwiki] - Origin: Shu county in the state of Qinghe; the birthplace linked on this entry is [[place_cn_371400|Dezhou]][^wikidata] - Dates: Wikidata 170–223; Chinese Wikipedia 170s to 228 or later[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Realm: Cao Wei, earlier under Yuan Shao[^zhengshi] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123914607|Zhu Ling]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/zhu-ling.html en zh en 170 170 223 223 historical figure person_cn_q1153187 person cai-zhong 蔡中

Cai Zhong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a general of the Jing province army, a cousin of Cai Mao and the brother of Cai He, who went over to Cao Cao with Cai Mao and Zhang Yun. Wikidata records 208 as his death year within the work. After Cai Mao was wrongly killed by Cao Cao, he and his brother were sent into Eastern Wu as spies, were seen through by Zhou Yu, and he was cut down on the night the battle of Red Cliffs began, after Gan Ning led him into Cao's camp.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153187 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%B8%AD 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:38+08:00 user:admin 7 Cai Zhong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 蔡中, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a military officer of the Jing province army, gives the dynasty of the work's setting as Han, and records his death in 208.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Identity Chinese Wikipedia says that in the novel he and his brother Cai He are both cousins of Cai Mao, and that they went over to Cao Cao together with Cai Mao and Zhang Yun.[^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Cai Mao was wrongly killed by Cao Cao, Cai Zhong and his brother Cai He were sent to Eastern Wu by Cao Cao as spies, but Zhou Yu, the commander in chief of Wu, saw through them and turned the scheme back on Cao Cao, making him believe that Huang Gai and Gan Ning wanted to surrender to the Cao army. On the night the battle of Red Cliffs began, Gan Ning led Cai Zhong deep into the Cao camp, and he was then cut down from his horse. The article's reference is the novel itself, and it lists Cai Mao under see also.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, military officer of the Jing province army[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata] - Death: 208 (within the work)[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/cai-zhong.html en zh en 208 208 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q11477156 person cui-yong 崔勇

Cui Yong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a subordinate general of Guo Si. After Emperor Xian's party escaped from Li Jue, he was sent to chase them with troops, and at Huayin county he was cut down in a single bout by Xu Huang, Yang Feng's officer, in Xu Huang's first appearance in the book.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477156 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E5%8B%87_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:37+08:00 user:admin 7 Cui Yong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 崔勇 and describes him as a subordinate general of Guo Si, with Han as the dynasty of the work's setting. The Chinese Wikipedia article is titled 崔勇 with the parenthetical (三国演义), which only distinguishes it from others of the same name, so the heading stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Emperor Xian's party escaped from Li Jue, Guo Si sent Cui Yong and others to chase them with troops. They had nearly caught up at Huayin county when Yang Feng appeared with troops and guarded the emperor's party. Cui Yong galloped out of Guo Si's army and cursed Yang Feng as a rebel. Yang Feng, angered, turned and called his officer Xu Huang from the ranks, which is Xu Huang's first appearance in the book. Xu Huang met Cui Yong with a great axe in hand, and at the first clash of their horses cut him down. Yang Feng then attacked Guo Si's army and drove it back more than twenty li.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, subordinate general of Guo Si[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/cui-yong.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1133043 person chen-ying 陈应

Chen Ying is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a military commander under Zhao Fan of Guiyang, who was a hunter from the Lingshan area and fought with a steel fork. He urged resistance to Zhao Yun, was captured, and later was killed with Bao Long after their feigned surrender and assassination plan were seen through.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133043 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%87%89 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:34+08:00 user:admin 7 Chen Ying is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 陈应 (traditional form 陳應) and his English label as Chen Ying, and describes him as a subordinate of Zhao Fan, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. On Chinese Wikipedia his article name redirects to the chapter 52 section of the list of fictional Three Kingdoms characters, and the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel The list describes him as a colonel in command of troops under Zhao Fan; he and Bao Long were originally hunters from the Lingshan area of Guiyang and fought with steel forks. When Zhao Yun attacked Guiyang, Zhao Fan wanted to surrender, but Chen Ying urged him to resist and led three thousand men to challenge Zhao Yun, only to be captured in the first exchange. After Zhao Fan surrendered he offered his widowed sister-in-law, Lady Fan, to Zhao Yun as a wife; Zhao Yun was furious and beat him. Zhao Fan bore a grudge and conspired with Chen Ying and Bao Long, who pretended to surrender to Zhao Yun and claimed that Zhao Fan was setting a beauty trap, while really meaning to assassinate him. Zhao Yun saw through the plan, got the two drunk and killed them, and then captured Zhao Fan.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Chen Ying[^wikidata] - Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, officer under Zhao Fan, colonel of troops[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata] - Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/chen-ying.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1151706 person fa-xia 发

Fa, of the Si clan, was the sixteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty, a son of Gao and the father of Jie, though one view makes him Jie's elder brother. The Bamboo Annals say that after he took the throne the Yi peoples came and danced before him, and that in his seventh year Mount Tai shook. His name is also written Jing, Jing Fa or Fa Hui.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151706 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BC_(%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:34+08:00 user:admin 7 Fa was a ruler of the Xia dynasty in early Chinese antiquity. Chinese Wikipedia says his clan name was Si and his personal name Fa. Wikidata's Chinese label is 發, written 发 in simplified characters, and it lists the title Di Fa as another name, so the heading stays as it is. The article also says his name is written Jing, Jing Fa or Fa Hui, which are variants or other forms and give no single name that could replace Fa. Wikidata describes him as the sixteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty, places him in the Xia dynasty, and gives no birth or death dates.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Lineage Chinese Wikipedia says he was the sixteenth ruler of Xia and the son of Gao. He was the father of Jie, although one view makes him Jie's elder brother. Wikidata also gives his father as Gao and lists Jie among his children.[^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## What the Bamboo Annals record The article cites the Bamboo Annals as saying that after Fa took the throne the Yi peoples came and danced before him, and that in his seventh year on the throne Mount Tai shook. These are records in an ancient text, and the article gives no other material to confirm them.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Clan name: Si; personal name: Fa[^zhwiki] - Other names: Jing, Jing Fa, Fa Hui, Di Fa[^zhwiki][^wikidata] - Description: sixteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: Xia dynasty[^wikidata] - Father: Gao[^wikidata][^zhwiki] /people/fa-xia.html en zh en historical figure person_cn_q1135878 person cheng-bing 程秉

Cheng Bing (172–225), courtesy name Deshu, came from Nandun in Runan and was a Confucian scholar-official of Eastern Wu. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say he studied under Zheng Xuan, mastered the Five Classics after fleeing to Jiaozhou, was summoned by Sun Quan, rose to grand tutor of the crown prince, and died in office, leaving three works on the classics.[^wikidata][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135878 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E7%A7%89 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B753 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:33+08:00 user:admin 7 Cheng Bing was a Confucian official of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Deshu and that he came from Nandun in Runan, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his life as 172 to 225; the biography itself says only that he died of illness in office and gives no year for his death.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Study and entry into Wu The record says he was able to serve Zheng Xuan, and later, fleeing the wars, went to Jiaozhou, where he discussed the meaning of the classics with Liu Xi and came to master the Five Classics. The Jiaozhi grand administrator Shi Xie made him chief clerk. Sun Quan heard of him as a renowned scholar and summoned him with ceremony, and on arrival Cheng Bing was made grand tutor of the crown prince.[^zhengshi] ## The imperial bride and his advice In the fourth year of Huangwu, Sun Quan arranged for the crown prince Sun Deng to marry a daughter of Zhou Yu, and Cheng Bing, acting as minister of ceremonies, went to Wu commandery to receive the bride. Sun Quan came aboard Cheng Bing's boat in person, a mark of great honor. After he came back, Cheng Bing calmly advised Sun Deng that marriage is the beginning of human relations and the foundation of royal instruction, which is why the sage kings valued it and why the Odes put the Guanju first, and he urged the prince to honor ritual propriety in the inner quarters and keep in mind the Zhounan odes, so that moral influence would flourish above and songs of praise would rise below. Sun Deng laughed and answered that he would depend on his tutor to help him follow what was good and correct what was wrong.[^zhengshi] ## Death and writings He died of illness in office and left the Zhouyi zhai, the Shangshu bo and the Lunyu bi, more than thirty thousand characters in all. The Records add that while he was tutor, Zheng Chong of Henan, the commandant of the household attendants, was also known for diligent study and upright conduct.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Cheng Bing, courtesy name Deshu[^zhengshi] - Origin: Nandun in Runan[^zhengshi] - Life: 172 to 225[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Eastern Wu[^wikidata] - Birthplace recorded: [[place_cn_411681|Xiangcheng]][^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124144905|Cheng Bing]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/cheng-bing.html en zh en 172 172 225 225 historical figure person_cn_q1134695 person xu-jing 许靖

Xu Jing (died 222), courtesy name Wenxiu, came from Pingyu in Runan and served at the end of the Eastern Han and in Shu Han. He was known as a judge of men. The Records of the Three Kingdoms describe him helping choose officials under Dong Zhuo, wandering as a refugee to Jiaozhou, then entering Shu to serve Liu Zhang and Liu Bei, and dying in the second year of Zhangwu aged over seventy.[^wikidata][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134695 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E9%9D%96 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B738 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:32+08:00 user:admin 7 Xu Jing was an official from the end of the Eastern Han to the start of Shu Han. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Wenxiu and that he came from Pingyu in Runan, so the title stays his personal name. Wikidata records his death as 222, which agrees with the record that he died in the second year of Zhangwu.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Early years As a young man he and his cousin Xu Shao were both well known and both had a reputation for judging people, but privately they did not get on. When Xu Shao was head of merit in Runan commandery he pushed Xu Jing aside and refused him a place in order, so Xu Jing earned his living turning a mill. After Liu Yi of Yingchuan became grand administrator of Runan, he recommended Xu Jing as an accounts clerk and then nominated him as filial and incorrupt. Xu Jing became a palace secretary and was put in charge of selecting officials.[^zhengshi] ## Under Dong Zhuo, and flight After Emperor Ling died and Dong Zhuo took power, Dong Zhuo made Zhou Bi of Hanyang minister of personnel, and Zhou Bi planned with Xu Jing over who should rise and who should fall, removing the corrupt and raising the neglected. They promoted Xun Shuang, Han Rong and Chen Ji to high ministries and governorships, and appointed Han Fu governor of Ji, Liu Dai inspector of Yan, Zhang Zi grand administrator of Nanyang, Kong Zhou inspector of Yu, and Zhang Miao grand administrator of Chenliu. Xu Jing himself was named grand administrator of Ba, did not take up the post, and was made censor-in-chief instead. When Han Fu and the others reached their posts they raised armies against Dong Zhuo, who flew into a rage at Zhou Bi and had him beheaded outside. Xu Jing's cousin Xu Yang had joined Kong Zhou in the plot, and Xu Jing, afraid of being executed, fled to Kong Zhou. After Kong Zhou died he relied on the inspector of Yang, Chen Yi, and after Chen Yi died he went to Xu Gong, commandant of Wu, and Wang Lang, grand administrator of Kuaiji, who were old friends. He relieved his relatives and fellow villagers out of kindness.[^zhengshi] ## To Jiaozhou When Sun Ce crossed the river to the east, Xu Jing and his company fled to Jiaozhou. The record says he sat at the edge of the cliff, put his followers aboard first, sent even his distant relatives off, and left last, and all who saw it sighed. Arriving in Jiaozhi, he was treated with great respect by the grand administrator Shi Xie. Yuan Hui, also living in exile in Jiaozhou, wrote to the director of the secretariat Xun Yu in praise of him. Zhang Xiang of Julu, on a royal mission to Jiaozhou, tried to recruit him and was refused. In a letter to Cao Cao, Xu Jing described drifting at sea, going without grain and eating grass, with most of the party dead, and then plague that killed his aunt and many of his kin. Zhang Xiang, bitter at his refusal, threw all the letters Xu Jing had entrusted to him into the water.[^zhengshi] ## Into Shu Liu Zhang later sent a messenger to invite him, and he came into Shu, where Liu Zhang made him grand administrator of Ba and Guanghan, and in the sixteenth year of Jian'an he was moved to Shu commandery. In the nineteenth year Liu Bei took Shu and made him chief clerk to the general of the left. When Liu Bei became king of Hanzhong, Xu Jing was grand tutor, and when he took the imperial title, he addressed Xu Jing in an edict naming him minister of education.[^zhengshi] According to the summary in Chinese Wikipedia, when Liu Bei surrounded Chengdu Xu Jing tried to climb the wall and escape and was caught, and Liu Bei looked down on him. Fa Zheng argued that Xu Jing's name had spread through the whole country, and that failing to use him would make people think Liu Bei despised worthy men. Liu Bei took this advice and gave him an honored post without real power.[^zhwiki] ## Later years The record says that even past seventy he loved to talk about people, drew in younger men, and never tired of conversation, and that the chancellor Zhuge Liang bowed to him. He died in the second year of Zhangwu. His son Xu Qin died before him, and Qin's son Xu You was a palace secretary in the Jingyao years. In his early years Xu Jing treated Chen Ji of Yingchuan as an elder brother and was close to Yuan Huan, Hua Xin and Wang Lang. In the early Wei years Hua Xin, Wang Lang and Chen Ji's son Chen Qun became senior ministers, and all wrote to him to renew the old friendship.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Xu Jing, courtesy name Wenxiu[^zhengshi] - Origin: Pingyu in Runan[^zhengshi] - Birthplace recorded: [[place_cn_411723|Pingyu County]][^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Shu Han, Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Death: 222[^wikidata][^zhengshi] - Description: statesman of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124351108|Xu Jing]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/xu-jing.html en zh en 222 222 historical figure person_cn_q1146661 person zhu-jun 朱儁

Zhu Jun (149–195), courtesy name Gongwei, came from Shangyu in Kuaiji and was a general at the end of the Eastern Han who put down the Jiaozhi revolt and the Yellow Turban rebellion and rose to grand commandant. The Book of the Later Han says that when Li Jue and Guo Si fought each other, Guo Si held him as a hostage, and Zhu Jun, who was strict by nature, fell ill and died that same day.[^wikidata][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146661 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%84%81 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B771 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:28+08:00 user:admin 7 Zhu Jun was a general at the end of the Eastern Han. The Book of the Later Han says his courtesy name was Gongwei and that he came from Shangyu in Kuaiji, and Wikidata's Chinese label is also 朱儁, with variant forms such as 朱雋, so the title stays his personal name. This entry records his life as 149 to 195.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Early life The Book of the Later Han says he lost his father young and his mother made her living selling silk. He became known for filial care, served as a gatekeeper clerk in the county, and was fond of justice and careless of money, which won him respect in his village. A man of the same commandery, Zhou Gui, was summoned to a ministry and borrowed a million cash from the commandery treasury to buy his cap and robes. When the commandery suddenly demanded repayment, Zhou Gui's family was too poor to pay, and Zhu Jun secretly took his mother's silk to settle the debt. His mother lost her stock and was angry with him. He said a small loss would bring a larger gain and that poor first and rich afterward was only natural. The county magistrate Du Shang saw him and thought him remarkable, and recommended him to the grand administrator Wei Yi, so that he rose in commandery posts, and the later grand administrator Yin Duan made him chief clerk. In the second year of Xiping Yin Duan failed in a campaign against Xu Zhao, was denounced by the province and was liable to execution. Zhu Jun, in worn clothes and quietly, took several hundred gold pieces to the capital, bribed the clerks in charge of memorials, and had the province's memorial altered, so that Yin Duan was only sentenced to labor. Yin Duan was glad to be let off without knowing why, and Zhu Jun never said anything.[^zhengshi] ## Pacifying Jiaozhi The next grand administrator, Xu Gui, recommended him as filial and incorrupt, and he served twice as magistrate of Lanling with unusual ability. When bandits rose together in Jiaozhi and the governors were too weak to stop them, Liang Long and more than ten thousand others joined the grand administrator of Nanhai, Kong Zhi, in revolt and broke commanderies and counties. In the first year of Guanghe Zhu Jun was made inspector of Jiaozhi, told to gather household troops and levies as he passed his own commandery, and set out with five thousand men in two columns. At the border of the province he halted, sent envoys ahead to see how strong the rebels were and to spread the court's authority and shake their morale, and then advanced on them together with troops from seven commanderies. He cut down Liang Long, tens of thousands surrendered, and everything was settled within a month. For this he was made Marquis of Duting Pavilion with fifteen hundred households, given fifty jin of gold, and called to court as palace counselor.[^zhengshi] ## The Yellow Turban rebellion When the Yellow Turbans rose, many ministers recommended Zhu Jun for his ability. He was made general of the household of the right, given credentials, and with Huangfu Song, general of the household of the left, he attacked the rebels in Yingchuan, Runan and Chen and defeated them all. Huangfu Song reported this and gave the credit to Zhu Jun, who was advanced to Marquis of Xixiang and made general of the household who suppresses bandits.[^zhengshi] Meanwhile in Nanyang the Yellow Turban Zhang Mancheng had risen with tens of thousands and killed the grand administrator, then camped before Wancheng for over a hundred days. After the grand administrator Qin Jie killed him, the rebels chose Zhao Hong as leader, grew to over a hundred thousand and held Wancheng. Zhu Jun joined the inspector of Jing, Xu Qiu, and Qin Jie with a total of eighteen thousand men and besieged Zhao Hong from the sixth to the eighth month without success. Officials asked to recall him, but the minister of works Zhang Wen argued that changing generals in the field is a taboo of the military art and that Zhu Jun should be given time. Emperor Ling dropped the plan. Zhu Jun pressed the attack and killed Zhao Hong, but the remaining leader Han Zhong again held Wancheng against him. With few troops, he extended the siege, built camps and a mound overlooking the city, and made a show of attacking the southwest with drums, so that the rebels all rushed there while he led five thousand picked men to take the northeast and climb into the city. Han Zhong withdrew into the small city and begged to surrender. His deputy Zhang Chao, Xu Qiu and Qin Jie all wanted to accept, but Zhu Jun said that now the realm is united and only the Yellow Turbans make trouble, so accepting surrender would not encourage good and attacking would punish evil, and that accepting it would only teach the rebels to fight when they were winning and surrender when they were not. He pressed the attack and several battles failed. He then climbed the mound, looked, and said to Zhang Chao that the rebels were tightly ringed outside and crowded inside, with surrender refused and no way out, so they fought to the death, and that even ten thousand of one mind are hard to resist, let alone a hundred thousand. He proposed lifting the siege and entering the city together, so that Han Zhong would come out and, once out, lose heart. After the siege was lifted Han Zhong did sally out, and Zhu Jun broke him and pursued him tens of li, killing over ten thousand, and Han Zhong surrendered. Qin Jie, long resentful, killed him, and the rest, fearing for themselves, chose Sun Xia as leader and again took Wancheng. Zhu Jun attacked at once, Sun Xia fled, and he chased and defeated him again at Mount Jing in Xi'e, killing another ten thousand or so, and the rebels scattered.[^zhengshi] ## After the rebellion and under Dong Zhuo The record says that the next spring an envoy with credentials made Zhu Jun general of chariots and cavalry of the right, and when his army returned to the capital he was made grand master of the palace, had five thousand more households added, and was made Marquis of Qiantang, with the rank of special advance. After leaving office for his mother's mourning, he returned to be director of the imperial workshops and then moved to minister of the privy treasury and minister of the imperial stud. When Zhang Yan of the Black Mountain bandits pressed Henei and threatened the capital, Zhu Jun was sent out as grand administrator of Henei and drove him back with his household troops. He later became grand master of the palace, colonel of the mounted guard, then colonel of the city gates and governor of Henan. When Dong Zhuo held power, he welcomed the veteran general on the surface but feared him in his heart. As the eastern armies grew strong and Dong Zhuo grew afraid, he repeatedly called the ministers to discuss moving the capital to Chang'an, and Zhu Jun each time argued against it. Dong Zhuo disliked this but wanted his famous name and had him named minister of the imperial stud as his deputy. Zhu Jun refused to accept and told the envoy that moving west would disappoint the realm and cause trouble in the east, and that being deputy to the chancellor was beyond his ability and moving the capital was not an urgent matter.[^zhengshi] After Dong Zhuo entered the pass he left Zhu Jun to guard Luoyang, while Zhu Jun secretly allied with the generals east of the mountains, then fled to Jingzhou for fear of attack. When Dong Zhuo put Yang Yi in charge of Henan, Zhu Jun marched back and drove him off, but with Henan ruined he camped at Zhongmou and sent letters asking for troops. The Xu inspector Tao Qian sent three thousand elite troops, and other prefectures sent some help, and Tao Qian recommended him as acting general of chariots and cavalry. Dong Zhuo sent Li Jue and Guo Si with tens of thousands to hold Henan, and Zhu Jun was defeated and did not dare advance again. After Dong Zhuo was killed and Li Jue and Guo Si made trouble, Tao Qian and others recommended Zhu Jun as grand tutor and called on governors to attack Li Jue and welcome the emperor, but Li Jue, following the advice of Zhou Zhong and Jia Xu, summoned Zhu Jun to court. His officers feared entering the pass and wanted to answer Tao Qian, but Zhu Jun said that when a ruler summons you, you do not wait for the carriage, let alone for the emperor's edict, and that Li Jue, Guo Si and Fan Chou were petty and mediocre men of equal strength who would surely fall out, giving him a chance. He declined Tao Qian's plan, answered Li Jue's call and again became minister of the imperial stud.[^zhengshi] ## Later years and death In the fourth year of Chuping he succeeded Zhou Zhong as grand commandant and recorded the affairs of the secretariat. The next autumn he was dismissed over a solar eclipse and then acted as general of agile cavalry with credentials to guard the east of the pass. Before he set out Li Jue killed Fan Chou, Guo Si grew suspicious and attacked Li Jue, and Chang'an fell into disorder, so he did not go and was left as minister of agriculture. Emperor Xian ordered Zhu Jun and about ten others, including the grand commandant Yang Biao, to persuade Guo Si to make peace with Li Jue. Guo Si refused and held Zhu Jun and the others as hostages. Zhu Jun, always strict and unbending, fell ill that same day and died. His son Zhu Hao also had talent and conduct and rose to grand administrator of Yuzhang.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Zhu Jun, courtesy name Gongwei[^zhengshi] - Origin: Shangyu in Kuaiji[^zhengshi] - Life: 149 to 195[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Birthplace recorded: [[place_cn_330604|Shangyu District]][^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cnv_q1146661_q70806|Zhu Jun]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/zhu-jun.html en zh en 149 149 195 195 historical figure person_cn_q1132999 person xu-shao 许劭

Xu Shao (150–195), courtesy name Zijiang, was a man of Pingyu in Runan and a late Han critic famous for appraising people, who held the 'monthly review' with his cousin Xu Jing. He fled the northern turmoil to the south, followed Liu Yao to Yuzhang and died there at forty-six.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132999 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E5%8A%AD zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B768 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:26+08:00 user:admin 7 Xu Shao was a critic of people in the late Eastern Han. The Book of the Later Han, juan 68, gives his courtesy name as Zijiang and calls him a man of Pingyu in Runan. Wikidata gives the Chinese label 许劭 (traditional form 許劭) with the alias Xu Zijiang, and records his life as 150 to 195. The title stays as his personal name.[^zhengshi][^wikidata] ## Appraising people The history says that from youth he valued integrity and loved judging character, and that those he praised, such as Fan Zizhao and He Yangshi, became well known, so that when the world spoke of raising men to office it named Xu and Guo. He first served as a commandery officer and the grand administrator Xu Qiu respected him, so that everyone in the office mended their conduct when they heard he had taken a post. When Yuan Shao, of the same commandery, came home after leaving his post as magistrate of Puyang with a splendid retinue, he dismissed his guests at the border, saying his carriage and dress must not be seen by Xu Zijiang, and went home in a single cart. With his cousin Xu Jing he reviewed the people of the district and changed the rankings each month, which gave Runan the phrase 'monthly review'.[^zhengshi] The history adds that in Yingchuan he alone did not call on Chen Shi, and that he alone did not attend when Chen Fan came home to bury his wife. Asked why, he said that Taiqiu's way was broad, and what is broad is hard to cover fully, while Zhongju's nature was stern, and what is stern is seldom open. His distant kinsmen Xu Jing, Xu Xun and Xu Xiang held the three highest offices, and Xu Xiang gained his rank by flattering eunuchs and repeatedly invited him; he despised his conduct and never went. He and his cousin Xu Jing were on poor terms, and contemporaries thought less of him for it.[^zhengshi] ## The judgment on Cao Cao The history records that when Cao Cao was still obscure, he repeatedly asked Xu Shao with humble words and generous gifts to assess him. Xu Shao scorned him and refused, until Cao Cao threatened him, and Xu Shao said 'You are a traitor in times of peace and a hero in times of chaos'; Cao Cao left delighted. Chinese Wikipedia adds that there is a second wording of the verdict, in a quotation of Sun Sheng in Pei Songzhi's commentary on the Records of the Three Kingdoms, 'a capable minister in an ordered age and a treacherous hero in a chaotic one', and that the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms adapts the scene so that Xu Shao first stays silent and then answers when asked again.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Flight and death The grand commandant Yang Biao summoned him and recommended him as upright and plain, but he declined. Urged to serve, he said petty men were on the rise and the royal house was about to fall, and he wanted to take refuge by the Huai and the sea to protect the old and young of his household. He went south to Guangling, where Tao Qian, inspector of Xu Province, treated him very well, but he felt that Tao Qian cared for reputation and was not truly upright, and moved on to join Liu Yao, inspector of Yang Province, at Qu'e. Later Tao Qian did arrest the scholars lodging in his province. After Sun Ce settled the lands of Wu, Xu Shao went south with Liu Yao to Yuzhang and died there at forty-six. Chinese Wikipedia dates his death to the second year of Xingping (195).[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Family The history says his elder brother Xu Qian was also known, and people of Runan spoke of the 'two dragons of the Pingyu pool'. Chinese Wikipedia further names his cousin Xu Jing and his son Xu Hun, a discerning man who became a secretary of the masters of writing under Emperor Ming of Wei.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Xu Shao[^zhengshi] - Courtesy name: Zijiang[^zhengshi] - Origin: Pingyu in Runan; the birthplace linked on this entry is [[place_cn_411723|Pingyu County]][^wikidata] - Dates: 150–195[^wikidata] - Realm: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123582769|Xu Shao]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/xu-shao.html en zh en 150 150 195 195 historical figure person_cn_q1151702 person meng-tian 蒙恬

Meng Tian was a general and calligrapher of the Qin, whose ancestors came from Qi and whose grandfather Meng Ao and father Meng Wu were both Qin generals. He led three hundred thousand men north against the Xiongnu, recovered the land south of the Yellow River and built the wall and a straight road. After the First Emperor's death he was ordered to die by Zhao Gao and Huhai's forged edict and took poison.[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151702 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7088 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:24+08:00 user:admin 7 Meng Tian was a famous general of the Qin. The Records of the Grand Historian say that his ancestors were from Qi, and Wikidata's Chinese label is also 蒙恬, so the title stays his personal name. His grandfather Meng Ao came to Qin from Qi and rose to a senior minister under King Zhaoxiang, his father Meng Wu was also a Qin general, and his brother was Meng Yi. Wikidata records his death in 210 BCE, while this site's earlier structured data gives 209 BCE. They differ by a year and this entry does not force them to agree.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Family and early career The Records say that Meng Ao became a Qin general in the first year of King Zhuangxiang, took Chenggao and Xingyang from Han and set up Sanchuan commandery, later attacked Zhao and Wei, and died in the seventh year of the First Emperor. Meng Ao's son was Meng Wu and Meng Wu's son was Meng Tian. Meng Tian had once written up prison cases and literary texts, that is, served as an official in charge of legal documents. In the twenty-third year of the First Emperor, Meng Wu served as an assistant general of Qin and with Wang Jian attacked Chu and killed Xiang Yan. In the twenty-sixth year Meng Tian, thanks to his family, became a Qin general, defeated Qi, and was made interior minister.[^zhengshi] Chinese Wikipedia adds that in 224 BCE he was Li Xin's deputy in the attack on Chu and took Qinqiu.[^zhwiki] ## Driving out the Xiongnu and building the wall After Qin had united the empire, Meng Tian was sent with three hundred thousand men to drive the northern tribes back and recover the land south of the Yellow River. He built a wall along the terrain and made use of the strong points to form fortified passes, from Lintao to Liaodong, more than ten thousand li long. He crossed the river, held Yangshan and went on north in a winding line, spending over ten years in the field and stationed at Shang commandery, and his prestige shook the Xiongnu. The Records say the First Emperor honored and trusted the Meng family greatly and kept Meng Yi close, who rose to senior minister, rode in the same carriage when the emperor went out and stood at his side within, with Meng Tian handling external matters and Meng Yi counsel within, so that no general or minister dared contend with them. The emperor also wanted a road from Jiuyuan straight to Ganquan and had Meng Tian open it, cutting through mountains and filling valleys for eighteen hundred li, but the road was not finished.[^zhengshi] ## The quarrel with Zhao Gao The Records say that Zhao Gao was made director of the imperial carriage office by the King of Qin and privately served Prince Huhai, teaching him to decide lawsuits. When Zhao Gao committed a serious offence, the king ordered Meng Yi to try him by law. Meng Yi did not dare bend the law and sentenced Zhao Gao to death and struck him from the register of palace officials, but the emperor, because Zhao Gao was diligent in his work, pardoned him and restored his office and rank.[^zhengshi] ## The incident at Shaqiu, and his death In the winter of the thirty-seventh year the First Emperor went on tour and fell ill on the road, and sent Meng Yi back to pray to the mountains and rivers, and before Meng Yi returned the emperor died at Shaqiu, a fact that was kept secret. Zhao Gao, who favored Huhai and wanted to make him heir, also resented Meng Yi for punishing him by law and not taking his side, so he plotted with the chancellor Li Si and Huhai to make Huhai crown prince, and then sent a messenger to order Prince Fusu and Meng Tian to die for supposed crimes. After Fusu died Meng Tian doubted the order and asked again, and the messenger gave him to the officials and put another in his place. When the messenger reported, Huhai heard that Fusu was dead and wanted to release Meng Tian, but Zhao Gao feared the Meng family would become powerful again and held a grudge against them. When Meng Yi returned, Zhao Gao told Huhai that the late emperor had long wanted to name a crown prince and that Meng Yi had said it was not possible, so it would be best to execute him. Huhai agreed and held Meng Yi at Dai, having already imprisoned Meng Tian at Yangzhou.[^zhengshi] Ziying warned that the Meng family were great ministers and counselors of Qin, and that killing loyal ministers and promoting men without integrity would make the officials distrust one another and the fighters lose heart, but Huhai did not listen. He sent the censor Qu Gong to Dai to order Meng Yi to die, and Meng Yi argued his case but was killed all the same. The Second Emperor then sent a messenger to Yangzhou to tell Meng Tian that he had many faults and that his brother Meng Yi had committed a grave crime for which the law reached the interior minister too. Meng Tian answered that from his ancestors to his descendants the family had built up merit and trust in Qin over three generations, that he now commanded more than three hundred thousand men and, though imprisoned, had the power to rebel, but that knowing he must die he kept to duty, not daring to dishonor his ancestors' teaching or to forget the late emperor, and he argued from the story of the Duke of Zhou. The messenger said he was only carrying out the law on the general by order and dared not report his words to the throne. Meng Tian sighed and said, what sin have I committed against heaven, to die without fault. After a long time he said slowly that he surely deserved death, because in building walls and moats from Lintao to Liaodong for over ten thousand li he could not have avoided cutting the earth's veins. He then swallowed poison and killed himself.[^zhengshi] ## Assessment and legend Chinese Wikipedia says that Sima Qian held that Qin had only just been founded and the people needed rest, and that Meng Tian, a powerful man, ought to have urged the emperor not to abuse the people's labor but instead eagerly built the wall, which was a fault. Yang Xiong held that his loyalty had nothing worth imitating, while Sima Guang said that he understood the duty of a subject, and that though killed without fault he held to death without wavering, which also deserved praise. The article also mentions the tradition that he invented the brush, noting that brushes are archaeologically known before him, so he was more likely an improver.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Meng Tian[^zhengshi] - Description: Qin general and calligrapher[^wikidata] - State or dynasty: Qin[^wikidata] - Birthplace recorded: the state of Qin[^wikidata] - Death: 210 BCE (Wikidata) or 209 BCE (this site's earlier data)[^wikidata] /people/meng-tian.html en zh en -209 209 BC historical figure person_cn_q1151674 person jin-xia 廑

Jin, of the Si clan and personal name Jin, also written Yin Jia, was the thirteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty in early Chinese antiquity and the son of Jiong. The Diwang shiji gives his reign as twenty years, and the Bamboo Annals say ten suns appeared in the sky in his time. He had no son and was succeeded by his cousin Kong Jia.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151674 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%91 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:22+08:00 user:admin 7 Jin was a ruler of the Xia dynasty in early Chinese antiquity. Chinese Wikipedia says his clan name was Si and his personal name Jin (廑), and Wikidata's Chinese label is also 廑, so the heading stays as it is. He has other names, Yin Jia, Guang, Xu, Dong Jiang, Chan and another form of Jia, of which Wikidata lists Yin Jia as an alias; these are variants or other forms, and the article gives no single name that could replace 廑. Wikidata describes him as the thirteenth king of the Xia dynasty and gives only a century-level date around 1900 BCE for his death, which this entry does not use.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Lineage and reign Chinese Wikipedia says he was the thirteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty and the son of Jiong, and Wikidata also gives his father as Jiong. The Diwang shiji records that he reigned for twenty years. He had no son, and his successor was his cousin Kong Jia.[^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## Legendary omen The article cites the Bamboo Annals as saying that ten suns appeared in the sky during his reign, and the Tongjian waiji, quoting the Bamboo Annals, says he died in the year when ten suns appeared together. These are traditional records in ancient books, and the article gives no archaeological material to confirm them.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Clan name: Si; personal name: Jin (廑)[^zhwiki] - Other names: Yin Jia, Guang, Xu, Dong Jiang, Chan, and another form of Jia[^zhwiki] - Description: thirteenth ruler of the Xia dynasty[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: Xia dynasty[^wikidata] - Father: Jiong[^wikidata][^zhwiki] /people/jin-xia.html en zh en historical figure person_cn_q1146630 person liang-xing 梁兴

Liang Xing (died 212) was one of the Guanzhong warlords at the end of the Eastern Han. In 198 he helped kill Li Jue, who had fled to Huangbai city, and sent his head to Cao Cao. In 211 he joined Ma Chao, Han Sui and others in rising against Cao Cao, which led to the battle of Tong Pass, and in 212 he was killed in a campaign by Xiahou Yuan and Zheng Hun.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146630 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E8%88%88 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:21+08:00 user:admin 8 Liang Xing was one of the Guanzhong warlords at the end of the Eastern Han. Wikidata's Chinese label is written 梁興, or 梁兴 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata records his death in 212 and his state as Eastern Han.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Killing Li Jue Chinese Wikipedia records that in 198, under the command of Pei Mao and Duan Wei, Liang Xing and Zhang Heng and others killed Li Jue, who had fled to Huangbai city, and sent his head to Cao Cao.[^zhwiki] ## The battle of Tong Pass In 211 Liang Xing joined Ma Chao, Han Sui and the other leaders of the so-called ten generals of Guanzhong in rising against Cao Cao's advance west, which set off the battle of Tong Pass. In 212 he was killed in a campaign by Xiahou Yuan and Zheng Hun. The article adds that in chapter 59 of the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms he is killed by Ma Chao after Jia Xu's scheme of sowing discord, which is a different matter from the historical events above.[^zhwiki] ## Assessment The article quotes two comments. Chen Lin said that the Guanzhong generals had gathered again and rebelled, holding the two Hua mountains and the Yellow and Wei rivers, driving the Qiang and Hu before them and heading east together with high spirit, as though unbeatable. Hu Sanxing said that the western troops were then the strongest and best, yet were broken by Cao Cao because their discipline was not unified.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Death: 212[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124328613|Liang Xing]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/liang-xing.html en zh en 212 212 historical figure person_cn_q1151669 person lei-tong 雷铜

Lei Tong (died 218) was a general under Liu Bei at the end of the Eastern Han, defeated together with Wu Lan by Cao Hong's army and killed in the battle of Xiabian. The novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms also has a character of this name, a brave man short of strategy who falls into Zhang He's ambush and is cut down.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151669 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%8A%85 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:18+08:00 user:admin 8 Lei Tong was a general under Liu Bei at the end of the Eastern Han. Wikidata's Chinese label is written 雷銅, or 雷铜 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata records his death in 218 and his state as Eastern Han, and gives his birth only as a century-level date around 150, which this entry does not use.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The contest for Hanzhong and his death Chinese Wikipedia says that when Liu Bei wanted to contend with Cao Cao for Hanzhong, he asked Zhou Qun for advice. Zhou Qun answered that even if he won the land he would not win the hearts of the people, that sending a detached force would surely go badly, and that he should be careful. Zhang Yu of Shu commandery, a military assistant of the province, also urged him not to fight for Hanzhong. Liu Bei did not listen, and sure enough took the land without winning the people's hearts. The generals Wu Lan, Lei Tong and others he sent into Wudu were all killed in battle.[^zhwiki] The article gives the details. In 217 Liu Bei sent Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Wu Lan and others to camp at Xiabian, and Cao Cao sent Cao Hong against them, with Cao Xiu as cavalry commandant and Cao Hong as commander of operations. Cao Cao told Cao Xiu that though nominally an adviser he was in fact the commander, and Cao Hong, hearing the order, also left military matters to Cao Xiu. In the spring of 218 Liu Bei sent Zhang Fei to camp at Gu Mountain in order to cut the Cao army's rear, and the Cao officers hesitated in debate. Cao Xiu said that if Zhang Fei really meant to cut off the rear he would move secretly and set an ambush, so this was only a show, and that they should break Wu Lan quickly before the others gathered, since once Wu Lan fell Zhang Fei would withdraw of himself. Cao Hong agreed and with Zhang Ji heavily defeated Wu Lan at Xiabian, killing his officers Ren Kui, Lei Tong and others. Wu Lan was killed by the Yinping Di man Qiang Duan, and his head was sent to Chang'an.[^zhwiki] ## In the novel The article adds that in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lei Tong is a general who came over from Liu Zhang. He fought bravely beside Zhang Fei against the Wei general Zhang He in the Hanzhong campaign but lacked strategy and was killed in Zhang He's ambush. This is the novel's story and differs from the battle of Xiabian recorded in the histories.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Death: 218[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - State or dynasty: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Derived figure: [[person_cn_q124342224|Lei Tong]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/lei-tong.html en zh en 218 218 historical figure person_cn_q1132576 person kong-xiu 孔秀

Kong Xiu is a fictional figure of Three Kingdoms storytelling; the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms he is Cao Cao's commander at Dongling Pass, who blocks Guan Yu for lack of a travel permit and is killed, the first of the six generals Guan Yu slays on his way through the five passes.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132576 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E7%A7%80 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:17+08:00 user:admin 7 Kong Xiu is a fictional character of Three Kingdoms storytelling. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 孔秀 and his English label as Kong Xiu, describes him as a commander at Dongling Pass, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Mention in the Pinghua Chinese Wikipedia notes that the Sanguozhi pinghua has Cao Cao arrive at Xiakou with 1,300,000 men and write to Sun Quan urging him to submit, and in the letter he says that he had once defeated Kong Xiu at Luoyang and taken him alive.[^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to chapter 27 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Kong Xiu serves Cao Cao and guards Dongling Pass. Guan Yu is escorting the two wives of Liu Bei to join him, and Dongling Pass is the first pass. Because Guan Yu has no permit from Cao Cao, Kong Xiu blocks him and is killed by Guan Yu. The article counts him as the first general Guan Yu kills while passing the five passes and slaying six generals.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Kong Xiu[^wikidata] - Role: fictional character, commander at Dongling Pass[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata] - Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/kong-xiu.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character notice_subject 交通管理 notice_issuer 北京市人民政府 notice_effective_date 2013-04-11至2014-04-10 notice_issued_date 2013-03-29 notice_document_number 京政发〔2013〕10号 notice_publication_date 2013-04-02 work_beijing_government_notice_72647 work beijing-government-notice-2013 beijing-government-notice-72647

京政发〔2013〕10号规定，自2013年4月11日至2014年4月10日实施工作日高峰时段区域限行，明确公务用车停驶安排、机动车尾号轮换和免限行车辆。

published category-road-transport official 北京市人民政府 2013-04-02 https://www.beijing.gov.cn/zhengce/zfwj/zfwj/szfwj/201905/t20190523_72647.html 2026-10-27T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:17+08:00 user:admin 4 ## 通告全文（历史） 京政发〔2013〕10号 在党中央、国务院的坚强领导下，在中央各部门各单位、驻京部队和广大市民的大力支持下，近年来本市陆续实施了一系列交通管理措施，取得良好效果，交通拥堵得到缓解，空气质量持续改善。但是，随着机动车保有量持续增长，改善空气质量和缓解交通拥堵的压力进一步加大。为全面贯彻落实《国务院关于加强环境保护重点工作的意见》(国发〔2011〕35号)，有效降低汽车污染物排放，确保首都交通安全顺畅，市政府决定自2013年4月11日至2014年4月10日，继续实施工作日高峰时段区域限行交通管理措施。现就有关事项通告如下： 一、本市行政区域内的中央国家机关，本市各级党政机关，中央和本市所属的社会团体、事业单位和国有企业的公务用车继续按车牌尾号每周停驶一天(0时至24时)，范围为本市行政区域内道路。 二、根据《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》和《北京市实施〈中华人民共和国大气污染防治法〉办法》有关规定，自2013年4月11日至2014年4月10日，除上述第一条范围内的机动车外，本市其他机动车继续实施按车牌尾号工作日高峰时段区域限行交通管理措施，限行时间为7时至20时，范围为五环路以内道路(不含五环路)。对非本市进京载客汽车的交通管理措施继续按《北京市公安局关于对非本市进京载客汽车采取交通管理措施的通告》(2010年第18号)执行。 三、根据上述第一、二条规定，按车牌尾号工作日高峰时段区域限行的机动车车牌尾号分为五组，每13周轮换一次限行日，分别为： (一)自2013年4月8日至2013年7月6日，星期一至星期五限行机动车车牌尾号分别为：4和9、5和0、1和6、2和7、3和8(含临时号牌，机动车车牌尾号为英文字母的按0号管理，下同)； (二)自2013年7月7日至2013年10月5日，星期一至星期五限行机动车车牌尾号分别为：3和8、4和9、5和0、1和6、2和7； (三)自2013年10月6日至2014年1月4日，星期一至星期五限行机动车车牌尾号分别为：2和7、3和8、4和9、5和0、1和6； (四)自2014年1月5日至2014年4月10日，星期一至星期五限行机动车车牌尾号分别为：1和6、2和7、3和8、4和9、5和0。 四、以下机动车不受上述措施限制： (一)警车、消防车、救护车、工程救险车； (二)公共电汽车、省际长途客运车辆及大型客车、出租汽车(不含租赁车辆)、小公共汽车、邮政专用车、持有市交通运输管理部门核发的旅游客车营运证件的车辆，经市公安交通管理部门核定的单位班车和学校校车； (三)车身喷涂统一标识并执行任务的行政执法车辆和清障专用车辆； (四)环卫、园林、道路养护的专项作业车辆，殡仪馆的殡葬车辆； (五)悬挂“使”字头号牌车辆及经批准临时入境的车辆。 市政府将进一步深入贯彻落实科学发展观，按照科学规划和“建、管、限”的总体思路，全力实施新一轮“排堵保畅”工程，确保首都交通安全顺畅。 特此通告。 北京市人民政府 2013年3月29日 [^official] /works/beijing-government-notice-2013.html en true zh 2013年 announcement 2013 4 2 day person_cn_q1132512 person wang-zhi 王植

Wang Zhi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, set as the grand administrator of Xingyang under Cao Cao and in-law of Han Fu; the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. His plan to burn Guan Yu in his lodging at night is exposed by Hu Ban, and he is killed by Guan Yu in pursuit; Wikidata gives his death as 200.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]

published category-literature category-people category-fictional-characters tag-fictional-character tag-classics tag-four-great-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132512 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%A4%8D_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9) 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:15+08:00 user:admin 7 Wang Zhi is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 王植 and his English label as Wang Zhi, describes him as grand administrator of Xingyang, set in the Han dynasty, and records his death as 200. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to the Chinese Wikipedia summary, in chapter 27 of the novel Wang Zhi serves Cao Cao as grand administrator of Xingyang and is the in-law of Han Fu, grand administrator of Luoyang. Guan Yu is escorting the two wives of Liu Bei to join him, and Xingyang is the fourth pass. Hearing that Guan Yu has killed Han Fu, Wang Zhi wants to harm him, welcomes him into an inn and plans to burn the party to death at midnight. His subordinate Hu Ban secretly warns Guan Yu, who hurries the two ladies out of the city. Wang Zhi leads troops in pursuit and is killed by Guan Yu when they meet. The article counts him as the fifth general Guan Yu kills while passing the five passes and slaying six generals.[^zhwiki] ## Other works The same article notes that in the 2010 film Guan Yunchang Wang Zhi is played by Wang Xuebing as a good official who had killed a corrupt predecessor. He tries to stop Guan Yu, but after a fight Guan Yu spares him because he wants to find Qilan, and Wang Zhi kills himself after telling Guan Yu where she is. This differs from the novel.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Wang Zhi[^wikidata] - Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, grand administrator of Xingyang[^wikidata] - Death year recorded on this entry: 200[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata] - Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/wang-zhi.html en zh en 200 200 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1132562 person wen-qin 文钦

Wen Qin (died 258), courtesy name Zhongruo, was a man of Qiao in the state of Pei and a Cao Wei general and inspector of Yang Province. He rose with Guanqiu Jian at Shouchun against Sima Shi, fled to Wu after defeat, and was killed inside Shouchun by Zhuge Dan during Zhuge Dan's revolt. Wikidata gives 257 for his death, a year earlier than the account in the Records of the Three Kingdoms.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132562 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%AC%BD zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B728 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:15+08:00 user:admin 7 Wen Qin was a general of Cao Wei. The Records of the Three Kingdoms, juan 28, calls him inspector of Yang Province and General of the Van, a fellow townsman of Cao Shuang. Chinese Wikipedia gives his courtesy name as Zhongruo and his origin as Qiao county in the state of Pei, Yu Province. Wikidata gives the labels 文钦 (traditional form 文欽) and Wen Qin, so the title stays as his personal name.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## Early career Chinese Wikipedia says that in the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219) he was implicated in Wei Feng's plot and jailed and would have been executed, but Cao Cao pardoned him because he was the son of the officer Wen Ji. Under Emperor Ming he was colonel of the Five Camps, then a gate general, grand administrator of Lujiang, General Who Soars like a Hawk and then General Who Crowns the Army. Under the Prince of Qi he was General of the Van and replaced Zhuge Dan as inspector of Yang Province. The Records describe him as bold, rough and often victorious, but fond of inflating the numbers of captives to win rewards, which were mostly refused, so his resentment grew.[^zhwiki][^zhengshi] ## The rising at Shouchun The Records say Guanqiu Jian was a close friend of Xiahou Xuan and Li Feng, and treated Wen Qin generously until the two were on warm terms. When a comet tens of zhang long crossed the northwest sky, both took it as an omen for themselves, forged an edict of the empress dowager listing the crimes of the general-in-chief Sima Shi, sent it to the commanderies and states, and rose in arms. They forced the officers, officials and people of Huainan into Shouchun; Guanqiu Jian held Xiang while Wen Qin ranged outside as a roving force. Sima Shi led the armies against them and sent Zhuge Dan, Hu Zun, Wang Ji and others to hem them in. The families of the Huainan soldiers were in the north, morale broke and deserters came one after another. Sima Shi sent Deng Ai to Yuejia to feign weakness and lure the rebels out. Wen Qin attacked by night, saw at dawn that the Wei army was strong, and withdrew, then was routed by cavalry in pursuit and fled. Hearing of his defeat, Guanqiu Jian ran away in the night, his troops scattered, and he was shot dead by Zhang Shu.[^zhengshi] ## Wu and death Wen Qin fled to Wu, which made him protector-general, acting commander of the north, governor of You Province and Marquis of Qiao. The biography of Zhuge Dan adds that after Zhuge Dan rose in revolt and sought help from Wu, the generals Quan Yi, Quan Duan, Tang Zi and Wang Zuo came with thirty thousand men secretly with Wen Qin, and Wen Qin and Tang Zi broke into Shouchun from the northeast. The siege dragged on and grain ran short. In the first month of the third year Zhuge Dan, Wen Qin and Tang Zi attacked the southern line for several days and failed to break out. Wen Qin wanted to send the northerners out of the city to save food and hold on with the men of Wu; Zhuge Dan refused, and they grew more hostile. When Wen Qin came to discuss plans, Zhuge Dan killed him. His sons Wen Yang and Wen Hu, hearing of it in the small fortress, led their men to the spot, but their soldiers would not follow, and the two escaped over the wall and surrendered to Sima Zhao. Officers asked to execute them, but he said Wen Qin's crime could not be forgiven yet the sons had come in desperation, and spared them, made them generals and gave each the title of marquis within the passes.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Year of death In the account of the Records, Zhuge Dan rebelled in the fifth month of the second year of Ganlu and Wen Qin was killed in the first month of the third year, that is, 258, and Chinese Wikipedia also writes 258. Wikidata records 257. The two differ by a year, so the entry gives the date from the history and notes the difference.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## Basic facts - Name: Wen Qin[^zhengshi] - Courtesy name: Zhongruo[^zhwiki] - Origin: Qiao county in the state of Pei, Yu Province; the birthplace linked on this entry is [[place_cn_341600|Bozhou]][^wikidata] - Death: 258, the third year of Ganlu in the history; Wikidata records 257[^zhengshi][^wikidata] - Realm: Cao Wei, later Wu[^zhengshi] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124636301|Wen Qin]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/wen-qin.html en zh en 257 257 historical figure person_cn_q1132086 person huan-fan 桓范

Huan Fan (died 249), courtesy name Yuanze, was a man of Pei who became a Cao Wei official known as the 'bag of wisdom' and rose to minister of agriculture. In the coup at the Gaoping Tomb he left Luoyang to join Cao Shuang and urged him to take the emperor to Xuchang, was ignored, and was later executed with his clan.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]

published category-history category-people category-historical-figures tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132086 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E7%AF%84 2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00 2026-10-29T17:23:12+08:00 user:admin 7 Huan Fan was an official of Cao Wei. Chinese Wikipedia gives his courtesy name as Yuanze, says he was from the state of Pei, calls him the 'bag of wisdom', and says he rose to minister of agriculture. Wikidata gives the labels 桓范 (traditional form 桓範) and Huan Fan and records his death in the tenth year of Zhengshi (249), so the title stays as his personal name.[^zhwiki][^wikidata] ## Career At the end of Jian'an he held a post in the chancellor's office, and in the Yankang era he was left supervisor of the feathered forest. After Cao Pi took the throne he compiled the Huanglan with Wang Xiang, Liu Shao and others. Under Emperor Ming he was commander of the central army and palace secretary, then General Who Conquers the Caitiffs and Eastern Palace Colonel, with credentials over military affairs in Qing and Xu. There he quarrelled over a house with Zheng Qi, inspector of Xu Province, and tried to use his credentials to have Zheng Qi executed; Zheng Qi reported him and he lost his post. He later served as inspector of Yan Province without satisfaction, and when he was to become governor of Ji Province he pleaded illness because General Lü Zhao, who had entered office later, now ranked above him. Chinese Wikipedia adds that he vented his anger on his pregnant wife Zhongchang, striking her belly with the ring of his sabre, and that she miscarried and died soon after.[^zhwiki] In the Zhengshi era he was minister of agriculture, known for being honest and frugal. The regent Cao Shuang treated him with special courtesy because they came from the same place, though they were not close. Cao Shuang indulged in pleasure and went out with his brothers; Huan Fan tried to restrain him, but Cao Shuang never listened.[^zhwiki] ## The Gaoping Tomb coup In 249 Sima Yi staged a coup while Cao Shuang and his brothers were with Cao Fang at the Gaoping Tomb. He closed the gates of Luoyang and, with an edict from the empress dowager, had Huan Fan take charge of the central army and Cao Xi's troops. Huan Fan was about to obey, but his son urged him to join Cao Shuang, and he changed his mind. At the Pingchang Gate he falsely told Sima Fan, a gate captain he had recommended, that an edict summoned him, and so left the city, saying that the grand tutor was a traitor. When he met Cao Shuang and his brothers he urged them to take the emperor to Xuchang and call on the rest of the army in the emperor's name against Sima Yi, vouching with his seal as minister of agriculture that grain would not run short. The brothers could not decide, and after a night Cao Shuang chose to give up office and surrender, believing he could keep a marquis's comfortable life. Huan Fan wept and called the brothers mere calves, saying he would be wiped out with his clan because of them.[^zhwiki] Back in Luoyang, Sima Fan reported that Huan Fan had called Sima Yi a traitor, and Huan Fan was dealt with under the rule that a false accuser bears the penalty. He was sent to the commandant of justice, counted with Cao Shuang's faction, and executed with the extinction of his three clans. He also condensed passages from the Book of Han and added his own revisions and comments in a work called Shiyao lun.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Huan Fan[^wikidata] - Courtesy name: Yuanze[^zhwiki] - Origin: state of Pei; the birthplace linked on this entry is [[place_cn_340621|Suixi County]][^wikidata] - Death recorded on this entry: tenth year of Zhengshi in Wei (249)[^wikidata] - Realm: Cao Wei[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124617153|Huan Fan]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/huan-fan.html en zh en 249 249 historical figure 82202 78539 43 30 People 6704 Places 58164 Events 292 Organizations 3700 Works 11908 Concepts 1434 简体中文 82202 English 48961 日本語 1158 Français 1064 Español 1042 Italiano 1021 Bahasa Melayu 997 العربية 993 Bahasa Indonesia 990 Русский 987 हिन्दी 985 ไทย 984 Português 972 Deutsch 970 Nederlands 970 Tiếng Việt 962 한국어 961 Türkçe 952 繁體中文 920 en 463 100 50001 501 /en/index-462.xml /en/index-464.xml