{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "New", "description": "Explore recently updated entries.", "url": "/en/new-449.html", "entities": [ { "customFields": [ { "key": "cuisine", "value": "Italian" }, { "key": "address", "value": "B1F, 1-5-11 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo" }, { "key": "phone", "value": "+81 3-6826-9672" }, { "key": "hours", "value": "17:00-20:00, 20:30-23:30; closed Tue-Wed" }, { "key": "price", "value": "¥¥¥" }, { "key": "website", "value": "https://ppasso.jp/" }, { "key": "awards", "value": "MICHELIN One Star (2025)" } ], "id": "place_restaurant_tokyo_primo_passo", "type": "place", "title": "Primo Passo", "slug": "restaurant-tokyo-primo-passo", "summary": "An Italian restaurant in Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, known for pasta with a Japanese twist; awarded one MICHELIN star in the MICHELIN Guide Tokyo 2025.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-restaurants" ], "tags": [ "tag-michelin-guide" ], "sources": [ { "id": "guide2025", "title": "The MICHELIN Guide Tokyo 2025: Newly Awarded Restaurants Announced Including One 3-Star Restaurant", "author": "MICHELIN Guide", "date": "2024-10-16", "url": "https://guide.michelin.com/en/article/michelin-guide-ceremony/michelinguide-tokyo-new-selection-en" }, { "id": "michelin", "title": "Primo Passo", "author": "MICHELIN Guide", "url": "https://guide.michelin.com/jp/en/tokyo-region/tokyo/restaurant/primo-passo" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-31T15:50:16+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-31T15:50:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**Primo Passo** is an Italian restaurant located in the basement (B1F) of 1-5-11 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo[^michelin].\n\n## Overview\n\nThe name \"Primo Passo\" means \"first step\". The chef was in charge of pasta at the celebrated Quattro Passi restaurant in Naples before taking his first step toward independence in Shintomicho. His aim is to create \"Italian cuisine with a Japanese twist\", using plenty of dashi and Japanese ingredients; the coffered ceiling, mud walls and vertically written menu also incorporate Japanese elements.[^michelin]\n\n## Dishes \u0026 Signature\n\nHe serves several small dishes featuring his speciality pasta to showcase a variety of flavours.[^michelin]\n\n## Accolades\n\nIt was awarded one star in the MICHELIN Guide Tokyo 2025.[^guide2025]\n\n## Practical Information\n\n- Address: B1F, 1-5-11 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo\n- Hours: 17:00-20:00, 20:30-23:30; closed Tuesdays and Wednesdays[^michelin]\n- Price: ¥¥¥[^michelin]\n- Phone: +81 3-6826-9672[^michelin]\n- Website: https://ppasso.jp/[^michelin]", "url": "/places/restaurant-tokyo-primo-passo.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "restaurant" }, { "id": "place_shenzhen_pingshanzhongxin_yunba1haoxian", "type": "place", "title": "Pingshan Center station", "slug": "shenzhen-pingshanzhongxin-yunba1haoxian", "aliases": [ "坪山中心(云巴1号线)站" ], "summary": "Pingshan Center station is a metro station, opened 28 October 2022.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-transit", "category-urban-rail" ], "tags": [ "tag-metro", "tag-metro-station" ], "sources": [ { "id": "cptond", "title": "CPTOND-2025 — Wang, Liang 等 (CC BY 4.0)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2", "locator": "Shenzhen/shenzhen_metro_stops.shp; DBF rows 112,830; stop_id=BV09143898" }, { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q114455758", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114455758" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T20:13:10+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "## Overview\n\nPingshan Center station is a metro station in [[place_shenzhen|Shenzhen]][^cptond].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Opened: 28 October 2022[^wikidata]\n\n## Lines\n\n- [[concept_shenzhen_metro_line_pingshanyunba1haoxian|深圳坪山云巴1号线]][^cptond]", "url": "/places/shenzhen-pingshanzhongxin-yunba1haoxian.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "metro_station", "coordinates": { "latitude": 22.7136663, "longitude": 114.3466843 }, "established": { "year": 2022, "month": 10, "day": 28, "display": "28 October 2022" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_726", "type": "person", "title": "若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫", "slug": "zhores-alferov", "aliases": [ "Zhores Alferov", "Zhores I. Alferov" ], "summary": "若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫（Zhores Alferov，1930年3月15日—2019年3月1日）是2000 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Zhores Alferov – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/alferov/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫**（Zhores I. Alferov，1930年3月15日—2019年3月1日）出生于维捷布斯克（白俄罗斯），2019年3月1日在圣彼得堡（俄罗斯）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2000 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute，所在地为圣彼得堡（俄罗斯）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2000|2000 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/zhores-alferov.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 3, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年3月15日" }, "death": { "year": 2019, "month": 3, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "2019年3月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_794", "type": "person", "title": "伊夫·肖万", "slug": "yves-chauvin", "aliases": [ "Yves Chauvin" ], "summary": "伊夫·肖万（Yves Chauvin，1930年10月10日—2015年1月27日）是2005 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yves Chauvin – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2005/chauvin/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2005/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**伊夫·肖万**（Yves Chauvin，1930年10月10日—2015年1月27日）出生于梅嫩（比利时），2015年1月27日在图尔（法国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2005 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，伊夫·肖万占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Institut Français du Pétrole，所在地为吕埃-马尔迈松（法国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2005|2005 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yves-chauvin.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 10, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年10月10日" }, "death": { "year": 2015, "month": 1, "day": 27, "precision": "day", "display": "2015年1月27日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_265", "type": "person", "title": "李远哲", "slug": "yuan-t-lee", "aliases": [ "Yuan T. Lee" ], "summary": "李远哲（Yuan T. Lee，1936年11月19日—）是1986 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yuan T. Lee – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1986/lee/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1986/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:52+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**李远哲**（Yuan T. Lee，1936年11月19日—）出生于新竹市（中华民国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1986 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，李远哲占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为伯克利（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1986|1986 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yuan-t-lee.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1936, "month": 11, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "1936年11月19日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_927", "type": "person", "title": "大隅良典", "slug": "yoshinori-ohsumi", "aliases": [ "Yoshinori Ohsumi" ], "summary": "大隅良典（Yoshinori Ohsumi，1945年2月9日—）是2016 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yoshinori Ohsumi – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2016/ohsumi/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2016/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**大隅良典**（Yoshinori Ohsumi，1945年2月9日—）出生于福冈市（日本）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2016 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予 大隅良典，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Tokyo Institute of Technology，所在地为东京都（日本）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2016|2016 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yoshinori-ohsumi.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1945, "month": 2, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1945年2月9日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_826", "type": "person", "title": "南部阳一郎", "slug": "yoichiro-nambu", "aliases": [ "Yoichiro Nambu" ], "summary": "南部阳一郎（Yoichiro Nambu，1921年1月18日—2015年7月5日）是2008 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yoichiro Nambu – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/nambu/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:48+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**南部阳一郎**（Yoichiro Nambu，1921年1月18日—2015年7月5日）出生于东京都（日本），2015年7月5日在大阪市（日本）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2008 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，南部阳一郎占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago，所在地为芝加哥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2008|2008 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yoichiro-nambu.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1921, "month": 1, "day": 18, "precision": "day", "display": "1921年1月18日" }, "death": { "year": 2015, "month": 7, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "2015年7月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_50", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·泡利", "slug": "wolfgang-pauli", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Pauli" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·泡利（Wolfgang Pauli，1900年4月25日—1958年12月15日）是1945 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Pauli – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1945/pauli/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1945/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·泡利**（Wolfgang Pauli，1900年4月25日—1958年12月15日）出生于维也纳（奥地利），1958年12月15日在苏黎世（瑞士）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1945 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 沃尔夫冈·泡利，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Princeton University，所在地为普林斯顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1945|1945 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-pauli.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1900, "month": 4, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1900年4月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1958, "month": 12, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1958年12月15日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_137", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·保罗", "slug": "wolfgang-paul", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Paul" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·保罗（Wolfgang Paul，1913年8月10日—1993年12月7日）是1989 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Paul – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1989/paul/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1989/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·保罗**（Wolfgang Paul，1913年8月10日—1993年12月7日）出生于德国，1993年12月7日在波恩（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1989 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔夫冈·保罗占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the ion trap technique”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Bonn，所在地为波恩（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1989|1989 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-paul.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1913, "month": 8, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1913年8月10日" }, "death": { "year": 1993, "month": 12, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1993年12月7日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_739", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·克特勒", "slug": "wolfgang-ketterle", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Ketterle" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·克特勒（Wolfgang Ketterle，1957年10月21日—）是2001 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Ketterle – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2001/ketterle/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2001/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·克特勒**（Wolfgang Ketterle，1957年10月21日—）出生于海德堡（德国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2001 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔夫冈·克特勒占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2001|2001 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-ketterle.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1957, "month": 10, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年10月21日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_594", "type": "person", "title": "瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特", "slug": "wladyslaw-reymont", "aliases": [ "Władysław Reymont", "Władysław Stanisław Reymont" ], "summary": "瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特（Władysław Reymont，1867年5月7日—1925年12月5日）是1924 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Władysław Reymont – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1924/reymont/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1924", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1924/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:37+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特**（Władysław Stanisław Reymont，1867年5月7日—1925年12月5日）出生于波兰，1925年12月5日在华沙（波兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1924 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his great national epic, \u003cI\u003eThe Peasants\u003c/I\u003e”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1924|1924 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wladyslaw-reymont.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1867, "month": 5, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1867年5月7日" }, "death": { "year": 1925, "month": 12, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1925年12月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_673", "type": "person", "title": "维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡", "slug": "wislawa-szymborska", "aliases": [ "Wisława Szymborska" ], "summary": "维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡（Wisława Szymborska，1923年7月2日—2012年2月1日）是1996 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wisława Szymborska – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1996/szymborska/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1996", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1996/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡**（Wisława Szymborska，1923年7月2日—2012年2月1日）出生于库尔尼克（波兰），2012年2月1日在克拉科夫（波兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1996 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1996|1996 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wislawa-szymborska.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1923, "month": 7, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年7月2日" }, "death": { "year": 2012, "month": 2, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "2012年2月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_624", "type": "person", "title": "温斯顿·丘吉尔", "slug": "winston-churchill", "aliases": [ "Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill", "Winston Churchill" ], "summary": "温斯顿·丘吉尔（Winston Churchill，1874年11月30日—1965年1月24日）是1953 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Winston Churchill – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1953/churchill/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1953", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1953/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**温斯顿·丘吉尔**（Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill，1874年11月30日—1965年1月24日）出生于伍德斯托克（英国），1965年1月24日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1953 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 温斯顿·丘吉尔，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1953|1953 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/winston-churchill.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1874, "month": 11, "day": 30, "precision": "day", "display": "1874年11月30日" }, "death": { "year": 1965, "month": 1, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1965年1月24日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_63", "type": "person", "title": "威利斯·兰姆", "slug": "willis-e-lamb", "aliases": [ "Willis E. Lamb", "Willis Eugene Lamb" ], "summary": "威利斯·兰姆（Willis E. Lamb，1913年7月12日—2008年5月15日）是1955 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willis E. Lamb – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1955/lamb/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1955/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威利斯·兰姆**（Willis Eugene Lamb，1913年7月12日—2008年5月15日）出生于洛杉矶（美国），2008年5月15日在图森（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1955 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威利斯·兰姆占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1955|1955 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willis-e-lamb.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1913, "month": 7, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1913年7月12日" }, "death": { "year": 2008, "month": 5, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "2008年5月15日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_716", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·维克里", "slug": "william-vickrey", "aliases": [ "William Vickrey" ], "summary": "威廉·维克里（William Vickrey，1914年6月21日—1996年10月11日）是1996 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Vickrey – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/vickrey/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1996", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:29+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·维克里**（William Vickrey，1914年6月21日—1996年10月11日）出生于维多利亚（加拿大），1996年10月11日在哈里逊（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1996 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·维克里占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Columbia University，所在地为纽约（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1996|1996 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-vickrey.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1914, "month": 6, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1914年6月21日" }, "death": { "year": 1996, "month": 10, "day": 11, "precision": "day", "display": "1996年10月11日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_328", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·莫菲", "slug": "william-p-murphy", "aliases": [ "William P. Murphy", "William Parry Murphy" ], "summary": "威廉·莫菲（William P. Murphy，1892年2月6日—1987年10月9日）是1934 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William P. Murphy – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/murphy/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:27+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·莫菲**（William Parry Murphy，1892年2月6日—1987年10月9日）出生于斯托顿（美国），1987年10月9日在布鲁克莱恩（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1934 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·莫菲占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1934|1934 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-p-murphy.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1892, "month": 2, "day": 6, "precision": "day", "display": "1892年2月6日" }, "death": { "year": 1987, "month": 10, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1987年10月9日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_249", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·利普斯科姆", "slug": "william-lipscomb", "aliases": [ "William Lipscomb", "William N. Lipscomb" ], "summary": "威廉·利普斯科姆（William Lipscomb，1919年12月9日—2011年4月14日）是1976 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Lipscomb – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1976/lipscomb/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1976/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·利普斯科姆**（William N. Lipscomb，1919年12月9日—2011年4月14日）出生于克利夫兰（美国），2011年4月14日在剑桥（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1976 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·利普斯科姆，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1976|1976 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-lipscomb.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1919, "month": 12, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1919年12月9日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 4, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年4月14日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_741", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯", "slug": "william-knowles", "aliases": [ "William Knowles", "William S. Knowles" ], "summary": "威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯（William Knowles，1917年6月1日—2012年6月13日）是2001 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Knowles – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2001/knowles/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2001/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:24+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯**（William S. Knowles，1917年6月1日—2012年6月13日）出生于汤顿（美国），2012年6月13日在切斯特菲尔德（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2001 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2001|2001 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-knowles.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1917, "month": 6, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1917年6月1日" }, "death": { "year": 2012, "month": 6, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "2012年6月13日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_243", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·霍华德·斯坦", "slug": "william-h-stein", "aliases": [ "William H. Stein" ], "summary": "威廉·霍华德·斯坦（William H. Stein，1911年6月25日—1980年2月2日）是1972 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William H. Stein – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1972/stein/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1972/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·霍华德·斯坦**（William H. Stein，1911年6月25日—1980年2月2日）出生于纽约（美国），1980年2月2日在纽约（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1972 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·霍华德·斯坦占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Rockefeller University，所在地为纽约（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1972|1972 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-h-stein.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1911, "month": 6, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1911年6月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1980, "month": 2, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1980年2月2日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_970", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·凯林", "slug": "william-g-kaelin-jr", "aliases": [ "William G. Kaelin Jr" ], "summary": "威廉·凯林（William G. Kaelin Jr，1957年11月23日—）是2019 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William G. Kaelin Jr – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/kaelin/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·凯林**（William G. Kaelin Jr，1957年11月23日—）出生于纽约（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2019 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·凯林占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard Medical School，所在地为波士顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2019|2019 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-g-kaelin-jr.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1957, "month": 11, "day": 23, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年11月23日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_620", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福克纳", "slug": "william-faulkner", "aliases": [ "William Faulkner" ], "summary": "威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner，1897年9月25日—1962年7月6日）是1949 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Faulkner – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/faulkner/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福克纳**（William Faulkner，1897年9月25日—1962年7月6日）出生于新奥尔巴尼（美国），1962年7月6日在拜黑利亚（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 威廉·福克纳，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-faulkner.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1897, "month": 9, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1897年9月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1962, "month": 7, "day": 6, "precision": "day", "display": "1962年7月6日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_706", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福塞斯·夏普", "slug": "william-f-sharpe", "aliases": [ "William F. Sharpe" ], "summary": "威廉·福塞斯·夏普（William F. Sharpe，1934年6月16日—）是1990 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William F. Sharpe – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1990/sharpe/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1990/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福塞斯·夏普**（William F. Sharpe，1934年6月16日—）出生于波士顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1990 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·福塞斯·夏普占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1990|1990 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-f-sharpe.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1934, "month": 6, "day": 16, "precision": "day", "display": "1934年6月16日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_209", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·吉奥克", "slug": "william-f-giauque", "aliases": [ "William F. Giauque", "William Francis Giauque" ], "summary": "威廉·吉奥克（William F. Giauque，1895年5月12日—1982年3月28日）是1949 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William F. Giauque – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/giauque/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:10+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·吉奥克**（William Francis Giauque，1895年5月12日—1982年3月28日）出生于尼亚加拉瀑布城（加拿大），1982年3月28日在伯克利（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·吉奥克，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为伯克利（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-f-giauque.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1895, "month": 5, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1895年5月12日" }, "death": { "year": 1982, "month": 3, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1982年3月28日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_911", "type": "person", "title": "W·E·莫尔纳尔", "slug": "william-e-moerner", "aliases": [ "William E. Moerner" ], "summary": "W·E·莫尔纳尔（William E. Moerner，1953年6月24日—）是2014 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William E. Moerner – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2014/moerner/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2014/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:07+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**W·E·莫尔纳尔**（William E. Moerner，1953年6月24日—）出生于普莱森顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2014 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，W·E·莫尔纳尔占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2014|2014 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-e-moerner.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1953, "month": 6, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1953年6月24日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_154", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯", "slug": "william-d-phillips", "aliases": [ "William D. Phillips" ], "summary": "威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯（William D. Phillips，1948年11月5日—）是1997 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William D. Phillips – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1997/phillips/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1997/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯**（William D. Phillips，1948年11月5日—）出生于威尔克斯-巴里（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1997 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 National Institute of Standards and Technology，所在地为盖瑟斯堡（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1997|1997 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-d-phillips.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1948, "month": 11, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1948年11月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_968", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·诺德豪斯", "slug": "william-d-nordhaus", "aliases": [ "William D. Nordhaus" ], "summary": "威廉·诺德豪斯（William D. Nordhaus，1941年5月31日—）是2018 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William D. Nordhaus – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/nordhaus/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·诺德豪斯**（William D. Nordhaus，1941年5月31日—）出生于阿尔伯克基（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2018 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·诺德豪斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Yale University，所在地为纽黑文（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2018|2018 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-d-nordhaus.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1941, "month": 5, "day": 31, "precision": "day", "display": "1941年5月31日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_916", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔", "slug": "william-c-campbell", "aliases": [ "William C. Campbell" ], "summary": "威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔（William C. Campbell，1930年6月28日—）是2015 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William C. Campbell – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2015/campbell/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2015/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔**（William C. Campbell，1930年6月28日—）出生于拉梅尔顿（爱尔兰）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2015 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Drew University，所在地为麦迪逊（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2015|2015 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-c-campbell.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 6, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年6月28日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_593", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·巴特勒·叶芝", "slug": "william-butler-yeats", "aliases": [ "William Butler Yeats" ], "summary": "威廉·巴特勒·叶芝（William Butler Yeats，1865年6月13日—1939年1月28日）是1923 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Butler Yeats – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1923/yeats/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1923", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1923/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·巴特勒·叶芝**（William Butler Yeats，1865年6月13日—1939年1月28日）出生于都柏林（爱尔兰），1939年1月28日在罗克布吕讷-卡普马丹（法国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1923 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1923|1923 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-butler-yeats.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1865, "month": 6, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1865年6月13日" }, "death": { "year": 1939, "month": 1, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1939年1月28日" } }, { "id": "place_us_pa_petrolia", "type": "place", "title": "Petrolia", "slug": "pa-petrolia", "summary": "Petrolia is a borough in Butler County, Pennsylvania.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" }, { "id": "census2020", "title": "2020 Census Gazetteer Files: Pennsylvania Places", "author": "U.S. Census Bureau", "url": "https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_42.txt", "locator": "Petrolia borough; GEOID 4259672; ALAND_SQMI and INTPTLAT/INTPTLONG" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T12:26:23+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "Petrolia is a borough in [[place_us_pa_butler_county|Butler County]], [[place_us_pa|Pennsylvania]], United States.[^geonames] The U.S. Census Bureau's 2020 Gazetteer Files list its land area as 0.395 square miles.[^census2020]", "url": "/places/pa-petrolia.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "borough", "coordinates": { "latitude": 41.021619, "longitude": -79.716777 }, "adminArea": "United States · Pennsylvania · Petrolia" }, { "customFields": [ { "key": "isbn", "value": "978-7-02-017209-2" } ], "id": "work_hnlib_1a11b2e0025a", "type": "work", "title": "像树一样自由", "slug": "hnlib-book-xiang-shu-yi-yang-zi-you", "summary": "《像树一样自由：给孩子们的信》是胡泳写给子女的书信集，围绕亲子关系、数字生活与成长展开。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online", "title": "像树一样自由", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1972", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者、出版社、出版时间、ISBN与主题" }, { "id": "web", "title": "像树一样自由:给孩子们的信", "url": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/像树一样自由：给孩子们的信/61945640", "locator": "内容简介" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:12:15+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**《像树一样自由：给孩子们的信》**是胡泳写给子女的书信集，内容围绕亲子关系、数字生活与成长展开。[^web]书中收录作者在十二年间写给子女的二十四封信。[^web]", "url": "/works/hnlib-book-xiang-shu-yi-yang-zi-you.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "book", "medium": "随笔", "published": { "year": 2022, "display": "2022年" }, "creators": [ "胡泳" ] }, { "id": "person_nobel_20", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·亨利·布拉格", "slug": "william-bragg", "aliases": [ "Sir William Henry Bragg", "William Bragg" ], "summary": "威廉·亨利·布拉格（William Bragg，1862年7月2日—1942年3月12日）是1915 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Bragg – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1915/wh-bragg/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1915/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·亨利·布拉格**（Sir William Henry Bragg，1862年7月2日—1942年3月12日）出生于威克顿（英国），1942年3月12日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1915 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·亨利·布拉格占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University College，所在地为伦敦（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1915|1915 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-bragg.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1862, "month": 7, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1862年7月2日" }, "death": { "year": 1942, "month": 3, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1942年3月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_65", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·肖克利", "slug": "william-b-shockley", "aliases": [ "William B. Shockley", "William Bradford Shockley" ], "summary": "威廉·肖克利（William B. Shockley，1910年2月13日—1989年8月12日）是1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William B. Shockley – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/shockley/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·肖克利**（William Bradford Shockley，1910年2月13日—1989年8月12日）出生于伦敦（英国），1989年8月12日在帕洛阿尔托（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·肖克利占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, Inc.，所在地为山景城（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-b-shockley.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1910, "month": 2, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1910年2月13日" }, "death": { "year": 1989, "month": 8, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1989年8月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_123", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福勒", "slug": "william-a-fowler", "aliases": [ "William A. Fowler", "William Alfred Fowler" ], "summary": "威廉·福勒（William A. Fowler，1911年8月9日—1995年3月14日）是1983 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William A. Fowler – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1983/fowler/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1983/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福勒**（William Alfred Fowler，1911年8月9日—1995年3月14日）出生于匹兹堡（美国），1995年3月14日在帕萨迪纳（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1983 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·福勒占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 California Institute of Technology (Caltech)，所在地为帕萨迪纳（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1983|1983 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-a-fowler.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1911, "month": 8, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1911年8月9日" }, "death": { "year": 1995, "month": 3, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "1995年3月14日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_315", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·埃因托芬", "slug": "willem-einthoven", "aliases": [ "Willem Einthoven" ], "summary": "威廉·埃因托芬（Willem Einthoven，1860年5月21日—1927年9月29日）是1924 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willem Einthoven – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/einthoven/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:52+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·埃因托芬**（Willem Einthoven，1860年5月21日—1927年9月29日）出生于三宝垄（印度尼西亚），1927年9月29日在莱顿（荷兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1924 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予 威廉·埃因托芬，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leiden University，所在地为莱顿（荷兰）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1924|1924 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willem-einthoven.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1860, "month": 5, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1860年5月21日" }, "death": { "year": 1927, "month": 9, "day": 29, "precision": "day", "display": "1927年9月29日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_839", "type": "person", "title": "威拉德·博伊尔", "slug": "willard-s-boyle", "aliases": [ "Willard S. Boyle" ], "summary": "威拉德·博伊尔（Willard S. Boyle，1924年8月19日—2011年5月7日）是2009 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willard S. Boyle – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2009/boyle/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2009/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威拉德·博伊尔**（Willard S. Boyle，1924年8月19日—2011年5月7日）出生于阿默斯特（加拿大），2011年5月7日在特鲁罗镇（加拿大）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2009 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威拉德·博伊尔占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Bell Laboratories，所在地为美利山（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2009|2009 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willard-s-boyle.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1924, "month": 8, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "1924年8月19日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 5, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年5月7日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_224", "type": "person", "title": "威拉得·利比", "slug": "willard-f-libby", "aliases": [ "Willard F. Libby", "Willard Frank Libby" ], "summary": "威拉得·利比（Willard F. Libby，1908年12月17日—1980年9月8日）是1960 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willard F. Libby – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1960/libby/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1960/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:48+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威拉得·利比**（Willard Frank Libby，1908年12月17日—1980年9月8日）出生于美国，1980年9月8日在洛杉矶（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1960 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威拉得·利比，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为洛杉矶（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1960|1960 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willard-f-libby.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1908, "month": 12, "day": 17, "precision": "day", "display": "1908年12月17日" }, "death": { "year": 1980, "month": 9, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1980年9月8日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_168", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德", "slug": "wilhelm-ostwald", "aliases": [ "Wilhelm Ostwald" ], "summary": "威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德（Wilhelm Ostwald，1853年9月2日—1932年4月4日）是1909 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wilhelm Ostwald – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1909/ostwald/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1909/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德**（Wilhelm Ostwald，1853年9月2日—1932年4月4日）出生于里加（拉脱维亚），1932年4月4日在莱比锡（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1909 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leipzig University，所在地为莱比锡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1909|1909 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wilhelm-ostwald.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1853, "month": 9, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1853年9月2日" }, "death": { "year": 1932, "month": 4, "day": 4, "precision": "day", "display": "1932年4月4日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_1", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·康拉德·伦琴", "slug": "wilhelm-conrad-rontgen", "aliases": [ "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" ], "summary": "威廉·康拉德·伦琴（Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen，1845年3月27日—1923年2月10日）是1901 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1901/rontgen/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1901/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·康拉德·伦琴**（Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen，1845年3月27日—1923年2月10日）出生于雷姆沙伊德（德国），1923年2月10日在慕尼黑（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1901 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 威廉·康拉德·伦琴，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Munich University，所在地为慕尼黑（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1901|1901 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wilhelm-conrad-rontgen.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1845, "month": 3, "day": 27, "precision": "day", "display": "1845年3月27日" }, "death": { "year": 1923, "month": 2, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年2月10日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_38", "type": "person", "title": "维尔纳·海森堡", "slug": "werner-heisenberg", "aliases": [ "Werner Heisenberg", "Werner Karl Heisenberg" ], "summary": "维尔纳·海森堡（Werner Heisenberg，1901年12月5日—1976年2月1日）是1932 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Heisenberg – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1932/heisenberg/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1932/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**维尔纳·海森堡**（Werner Karl Heisenberg，1901年12月5日—1976年2月1日）出生于维尔茨堡（德国），1976年2月1日在慕尼黑（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1932 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 维尔纳·海森堡，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leipzig University，所在地为莱比锡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1932|1932 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-heisenberg.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1901, "month": 12, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1901年12月5日" }, "death": { "year": 1976, "month": 2, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1976年2月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_361", "type": "person", "title": "沃纳·福斯曼", "slug": "werner-forssmann", "aliases": [ "Werner Forssmann" ], "summary": "沃纳·福斯曼（Werner Forssmann，1904年8月29日—1979年6月1日）是1956 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Forssmann – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1956/forssmann/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃纳·福斯曼**（Werner Forssmann，1904年8月29日—1979年6月1日）出生于柏林（德国），1979年6月1日在绍普夫海姆（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃纳·福斯曼占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Mainz University，所在地为美因茨（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-forssmann.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1904, "month": 8, "day": 29, "precision": "day", "display": "1904年8月29日" }, "death": { "year": 1979, "month": 6, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1979年6月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_414", "type": "person", "title": "沃纳·亚伯", "slug": "werner-arber", "aliases": [ "Werner Arber" ], "summary": "沃纳·亚伯（Werner Arber，1929年6月3日—）是1978 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Arber – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1978/arber/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1978/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:36+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃纳·亚伯**（Werner Arber，1929年6月3日—）出生于格雷尼兴（瑞士）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1978 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃纳·亚伯占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Biozentrum der Universität，所在地为巴塞尔（瑞士）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1978|1978 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-arber.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1929, "month": 6, "day": 3, "precision": "day", "display": "1929年6月3日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_206", "type": "person", "title": "温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利", "slug": "wendell-m-stanley", "aliases": [ "Wendell M. Stanley", "Wendell Meredith Stanley" ], "summary": "温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利（Wendell M. Stanley，1904年8月16日—1971年6月15日）是1946 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wendell M. Stanley – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1946/stanley/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1946/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:34+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利**（Wendell Meredith Stanley，1904年8月16日—1971年6月15日）出生于里奇维尔（美国），1971年6月15日在萨拉曼卡（西班牙）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1946 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research，所在地为普林斯顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1946|1946 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wendell-m-stanley.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1904, "month": 8, "day": 16, "precision": "day", "display": "1904年8月16日" }, "death": { "year": 1971, "month": 6, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1971年6月15日" } }, { "customFields": [ { "key": "isbn", "value": "978-7-208-11102-8" } ], "id": "work_hnlib_21c282096a72", "type": "work", "title": "霍比特人", "slug": "hnlib-book-huo-bi-te-ren", "summary": "《霍比特人》是 J. R. R. 托尔金创作的奇幻小说。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online", "title": "霍比特人", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/301", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者、出版社、出版时间、ISBN与主题" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:20:16+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:34+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**《霍比特人》**是 J. R. R. 托尔金创作的奇幻小说。上海人民出版社2013年版的 ISBN 为 978-7-208-11102-8。[^online]", "url": "/works/hnlib-book-huo-bi-te-ren.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "book", "medium": "长篇小说", "published": { "year": 2013, "display": "2013年" }, "creators": [ "J.R.R·托尔金" ] }, { "id": "person_nobel_683", "type": "person", "title": "瓦西里·列昂季耶夫", "slug": "wassily-leontief", "aliases": [ "Wassily Leontief", "Wassily Wassilyevich Leontief" ], "summary": "瓦西里·列昂季耶夫（Wassily Leontief，1906年8月5日—1999年2月5日）是1973 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wassily Leontief – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1973/leontief/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1973", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1973/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦西里·列昂季耶夫**（Wassily Wassilyevich Leontief，1906年8月5日—1999年2月5日）出生于圣彼得堡（俄罗斯），1999年2月5日在纽约（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1973 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖授予 瓦西里·列昂季耶夫，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1973|1973 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wassily-leontief.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1906, "month": 8, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1906年8月5日" }, "death": { "year": 1999, "month": 2, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1999年2月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_178", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·能斯特", "slug": "walther-nernst", "aliases": [ "Walther Hermann Nernst", "Walther Nernst" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·能斯特（Walther Nernst，1864年6月25日—1941年11月18日）是1920 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walther Nernst – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1920/nernst/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1920/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·能斯特**（Walther Hermann Nernst，1864年6月25日—1941年11月18日）出生于翁布热伊诺（波兰），1941年11月18日在波兰去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1920 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 瓦尔特·能斯特，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of his work in thermochemistry”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Berlin University，所在地为柏林（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1920|1920 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walther-nernst.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1864, "month": 6, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1864年6月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1941, "month": 11, "day": 18, "precision": "day", "display": "1941年11月18日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_62", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·博特", "slug": "walther-bothe", "aliases": [ "Walther Bothe" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·博特（Walther Bothe，1891年1月8日—1957年2月8日）是1954 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walther Bothe – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1954/bothe/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1954/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:28+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·博特**（Walther Bothe，1891年1月8日—1957年2月8日）出生于奥拉宁堡（德国），1957年2月8日在海德堡（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1954 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，瓦尔特·博特占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Heidelberg，所在地为海德堡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1954|1954 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walther-bothe.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1891, "month": 1, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1891年1月8日" }, "death": { "year": 1957, "month": 2, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年2月8日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_290", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔特·科恩", "slug": "walter-kohn", "aliases": [ "Walter Kohn" ], "summary": "沃尔特·科恩（Walter Kohn，1923年3月9日—2016年4月19日）是1998 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Kohn – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1998/kohn/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1998/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:26+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔特·科恩**（Walter Kohn，1923年3月9日—2016年4月19日）出生于维也纳（奥地利），2016年4月19日在圣巴巴拉（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1998 年诺贝尔化学奖由 2 位得主共享，沃尔特·科恩占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his development of the density-functional theory”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为圣巴巴拉（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1998|1998 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-kohn.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1923, "month": 3, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年3月9日" }, "death": { "year": 2016, "month": 4, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "2016年4月19日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_347", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯", "slug": "walter-hess", "aliases": [ "Walter Hess", "Walter Rudolf Hess" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯（Walter Hess，1881年3月17日—1973年8月12日）是1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Hess – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/hess/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯**（Walter Rudolf Hess，1881年3月17日—1973年8月12日）出生于弗劳恩费尔德（瑞士），1973年8月12日在瑞士去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 2 位得主共享，瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Zurich，所在地为苏黎世（瑞士）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-hess.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1881, "month": 3, "day": 17, "precision": "day", "display": "1881年3月17日" }, "death": { "year": 1973, "month": 8, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1973年8月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_67", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿", "slug": "walter-h-brattain", "aliases": [ "Walter H. Brattain", "Walter Houser Brattain" ], "summary": "沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿（Walter H. Brattain，1902年2月10日—1987年10月13日）是1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter H. Brattain – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/brattain/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:23+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿**（Walter Houser Brattain，1902年2月10日—1987年10月13日）出生于厦门市（中华人民共和国），1987年10月13日在西雅图（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Bell Telephone Laboratories，所在地为美利山（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-h-brattain.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1902, "month": 2, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1902年2月10日" }, "death": { "year": 1987, "month": 10, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1987年10月13日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_255", "type": "person", "title": "沃特·吉尔伯特", "slug": "walter-gilbert", "aliases": [ "Walter Gilbert" ], "summary": "沃特·吉尔伯特（Walter Gilbert，1932年3月21日—）是1980 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Gilbert – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/gilbert/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃特·吉尔伯特**（Walter Gilbert，1932年3月21日—）出生于波士顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1980 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃特·吉尔伯特占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University, Biological Laboratories，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1980|1980 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-gilbert.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1932, "month": 3, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1932年3月21日" } } ], "lang": "en", "pagination": { "page": 449, "pageSize": 50, "total": 82196, "pageCount": 1000, "prevUrl": "/en/new-448.json", "nextUrl": "/en/new-450.json" } }