postgres /en/people-2.html person_cn_q1046487 person shi-jin-q1046487 史进

Shi Jin, in Water Margin, is the young master of Shi manor in Huayin county. His nickname is Nine Dragons and his star name is Tianweixing. He ranks twenty-third on Liangshan. He studied under Wang Jin. After the amnesty, in the Fang La campaign, he died at Yuling Pass in Muzhou under Pang Wanchun's arrow.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046487 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%BF%9B 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Shi Jin is a character in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata names him Shi Jin. The same materials also give the nickname Nine Dragons, the star name Tianweixing, and the other form Shi Dalang. None of those replaces the title. This entry calls him a Water Margin figure, sets the story in the Great Song, and records his birthplace as Huayin county. He is the first of the hundred and eight to appear.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Shi manor He is the son of Shi Taigong of Shi manor in Huayin county. Nine dragons are tattooed on his body, so he is called Nine Dragons, and his favorite weapon is a three-point, two-edge knife. His father hired many teachers. Li Zhong, the tiger-slaying general of Liangshan, was one of the early ones. Wang Jin, an instructor of the eight hundred thousand imperial guards at the eastern capital, offended Gao Qiu and fled the capital with his mother. He lodged at Shi manor, pointed out the gaps in Shi Jin's skill, and beat him easily in a bout. Shi Jin then took Wang Jin as his teacher. After several months Wang Jin said the teaching was complete. He would not involve the Shi family in his quarrel with Gao Qiu, and he left.[^zhwiki] ## Shaohua Mountain Chen Da, a chief of Shaohua Mountain, attacked Shi manor and was captured. His sworn brothers Zhu Wu and Yang Chun came to plead. Shi Jin released Chen Da, and the four became friends. A messenger later got drunk on the mountain path. The hunter Li Ji stole the reply and reported Shi Jin to the authorities for dealing with bandits. The troops sent to seize him were beaten off by Shi Jin and the manor men he had trained. After the officers were killed he left to find Wang Jin and could not. On the road he met Lu Zhishen and also Li Zhong, who was performing in the street. With Lu Zhishen he defeated Cui Daocheng and Qiu Xiaoyi, bandits pretending to be monks. After they parted, Shi Jin went back to Shaohua Mountain and became an outlaw.[^zhwiki] ## Joining Liangshan When he heard that Wang Yi's daughter had been taken by force in marriage, he tried to save her and was captured alive. Lu Zhishen, newly arrived on Liangshan, went to rescue him and was captured too. Song Jiang disguised himself as Marshal Su and brought Lu Zhishen, Shi Jin, and Wang Yi out. Wang Yi's daughter had already killed herself. Shi Jin then took the Shaohua men up to Liangshan. At the attack on Dongping, because his old lover, the famous courtesan Li Ruilan, was in the city, he volunteered to enter as a spy and told her the whole plan. Afraid of the trouble, she informed the officials and he was arrested. He was beaten and did not confess. After Liangshan took the city and freed him, he killed Li Ruilan's whole household. When the seats were ranked he was Tianweixing, Nine Dragons, number twenty-three, immediately after Li Kui.[^zhwiki] ## The end, and earlier lists After the amnesty he followed Song Jiang against Liao, Tian Hu, and Wang Qing. He fought Tian Hu's general Bian Xiang for thirty bouts without a winner. In the southern campaign against Fang La he took Runzhou and cut down Shen Gang, called the Pillar of Heaven, with one blow. At Yuling Pass in Muzhou he died under an arrow of Pang Wanchun, called the Little Yang Youji. Pang Wanchun was later captured, and his belly was opened and his heart taken out as a sacrifice to Shi Jin and six other generals. In earlier lists, Gong Kai's Eulogies of Song Jiang's Thirty-Six ranks him seventeenth, still as Nine Dragons, and the Anecdotes of the Xuanhe Reign ranks him fifth of the thirty-six. The article also says one account takes his model to be Shi Bin, a Shaanxi rebel of the early Southern Song who had once served under Song Jiang. The article lists screen performers. Those names are not copied out here.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Shi Jin[^wikidata] - Nickname: Nine Dragons[^zhwiki] - Star name: Tianweixing[^wikidata] - Another form of address: Shi Dalang[^wikidata] - Birthplace recorded on this entry: Huayin county[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: Great Song[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^zhwiki] /people/shi-jin-q1046487.html en zh en Character in Water Margin true literary character person_cn_q10466408 person ziwei-emperor-q10466408 紫微大帝

The Ziwei Emperor, fully titled the Great Emperor of the Purple Tenuity of the North Pole in the Central Heaven, is one of the Four Sovereigns of Daoism and the second son of Doumu. Other accounts identify him with Lord Lao, Boyi Kao, or a reincarnation of Liu Bang, so the title stays. This entry lists him under Journey to the West.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10466408 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%BE%AE%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 The Ziwei Emperor is a Daoist divine title. Wikidata names him the Ziwei Emperor. The full title is the Great Emperor of the Purple Tenuity of the North Pole in the Central Heaven. That is a ritual title, not a separate personal name. The cited article gives several origins that do not agree, so the heading stays the Ziwei Emperor. This entry lists him among the figures of Journey to the West. The encyclopedia does not narrate an episode from that novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The god He is one of the Four Sovereigns and the second son of Doumu, the star lord of the Purple Forbidden enclosure. Daoism places that enclosure at the center of the stars. He assists the Jade Emperor in charge of the stars, the sun, and the moon, and is lord of the stars. He is also a symbol of earthly emperors and especially governs the fortune of the imperial house. His four sage-lords are [[person_cn_q10022741|Marshal Tianpeng]], Marshal Tianyou, the Assisting Sage, and the Protecting Sage. In Chinese Buddhism, Chan and Tiantai temples sometimes honor him as one of the twenty-four heavenly guardians.[^zhwiki] ## Accounts that do not agree One account calls him a transformation of the Most High Lord Lao. The article quotes the Treatise on Buddhism and Daoism in the Book of Wei: the Daoist school says it comes from Laozi, who dwells above in the Jade Capital as the ancestor of divine kings and below in the Purple Tenuity as lord of flying immortals. The novels also differ. Investiture of the Gods enfeoffs Boyi Kao, killed while trying to save his father King Wen of Zhou, as the Ziwei Emperor. Annals of the Sword of the Peak has Sun Bin, in order to break the Hundun formation, summon Liu Bang, then a standard-bearer of the state of Han and said to be a reincarnation of the Ziwei Emperor of the North Pole. These accounts do not yield one personal name.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Divine title: Ziwei Emperor[^wikidata] - Full title: Great Emperor of the Purple Tenuity of the North Pole in the Central Heaven[^zhwiki] - Description: one of the Four Sovereigns of Daoism[^wikidata] - Listed on this entry under: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]] /people/ziwei-emperor-q10466408.html en zh en Character in Journey to the West true mythological figure person_cn_q1048253 person yang-biao-q1048253 杨彪

Yang Biao (142–225), courtesy name Wenxian, of Huayin in Hongnong, was a minister at the end of the Eastern Han and the fourth grand commandant in the Yang line after Yang Zhen. His son was Yang Xiu. He opposed Dong Zhuo's move of the capital and later refused the commandantship offered by Cao Pi. He died in 225 at eighty-four.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048253 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%BD%AA 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Yang Biao was a minister at the end of the Eastern Han. Wikidata's simplified Chinese label is Yang Biao, and the English label is Yang Biao. The cited article gives his courtesy name as Wenxian and his home as Huayin in Hongnong. The courtesy name does not replace the title. He belonged to the Yang clan of Hongnong. From Yang Zhen to Yang Biao, four generations served as grand commandant. His son was Yang Xiu. This entry dates him from 142 to 225, records his realm as Cao Wei, and records him as a political figure.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Family and early office The article traces a distant ancestor, Yang Xi, as a fierce general under Emperor Gao of Han, and an ancestor Yang Chang as chancellor under Emperor Zhao, Marquis of Anping, who married a daughter of Sima Qian. It also says Yang Bao once saved a yellow sparrow and was repaid with a jade ring. As a youth Yang Biao was shaped by the family learning. He was first recommended as filial and incorrupt, the province then recommended him as an abundant talent, and the offices summoned him. He declined all of these. In the Xiping years he was called in as a gentleman-consultant because of his knowledge of old records. With Ma Midi, Cai Yong, Lu Zhi, Han Shuo, and others he continued the Han Record of the Eastern Lodge, and he became palace attendant and governor of the capital district. In the second year of Guanghe (179) the yellow-gate prefect Wang Fu had his clients extort more than seventy million from the commanderies. Yang Biao exposed it to Yang Qiu, colonel-director of retainers. Yang Qiu memorialized, and Wang Fu was killed. Yang Biao then served again as palace attendant and leader of the five offices, governed Yingchuan and Nanyang, and passed through palace attendant, steward of the Yongle palace, coachman, and commandant of the guards. In the sixth year of Zhongping (189) he replaced Dong Zhuo as minister of works, and that winter replaced Huang Wan as minister over the masses.[^zhwiki] ## The move of the capital, and the flight In the first year of Chuping (190) the east of the passes rose against Dong Zhuo. Dong Zhuo planned to move the capital to Chang'an and cited the Stone Bundle prophecy. The officials dared not speak. Yang Biao said a move was a great matter, that after Wang Mang's chaos almost no one in Guanzhong had survived, and that to abandon the temples and tombs for no cause would shake the people. He called the prophecy a deviant book. Dong Zhuo changed color. The grand commandant Huang Wan supported Yang Biao. Xun Shuang, minister of works, saw that Dong Zhuo would not bend, agreed aloud, and privately told Yang Biao that further argument would bring disaster. On the fifth day of the second month Dong Zhuo had Xuan Fan, colonel-director of retainers, cite omens and memorialize the dismissal of Huang Wan, Yang Biao, and others. In the third month of the second year of Xingping (195), Li Xian, a nephew of Li Jue, surrounded the palace with several thousand men to seize Emperor Xian. Yang Biao said emperors had never lived in a minister's house. Li Xian would not listen, and Yang Biao went with the emperor. The emperor sent him and the ministers to Guo Si's camp to urge peace. Guo Si held Yang Biao, Zhang Xi, Zhu Jun, Shisun Rui, Han Rong, and others as hostages. Yang Biao said to his face that one man seizing the emperor and another taking the ministers hostage could not be allowed. Guo Si meant to kill him. Yang Biao answered that if Guo Si would not serve the emperor, he himself need not seek to live. The leader of court gentlemen Yang Mi persuaded Guo Si to stop. After the emperor returned to Luoyang, Yang Biao acted as prefect of the masters of writing.[^zhwiki] ## Last years In the first year of Jian'an (196) he followed Emperor Xian to Xu. At a banquet Cao Cao saw that his face was unhappy, pleaded illness, and returned to camp. In the ninth month Yang Biao was dismissed for illness. After Yuan Shu took the imperial title in Huainan, Cao Cao, because Yang Biao was Yuan Shu's kin, jailed him on a charge of plotting with Yuan Shu to depose the emperor. Kong Rong went to protest before he could put on court dress, saying the Yang house had four generations of pure virtue and could not be condemned for the Yuans. Man Chong, prefect of Xu, who conducted the interrogation, told Cao Cao that no proof had been beaten out of him and that killing so famous a man without proof would lose the people's hearts. Cao Cao released him. The article says he was again made minister of ceremonies in the fourth year of Jian'an, dismissed in the tenth year, and stripped of his nobility the next year. Seeing the Han about to fail, he claimed a cramp in the leg and stayed at home. After Cao Cao killed his son Yang Xiu, Cao Cao asked why he was so thin. Yang Biao said he was ashamed not to have had Jin Midi's foresight in killing his own son, and that he still had an old cow's care for its calf. Cao Cao's expression changed. After Cao Pi became emperor he wanted Yang Biao as grand commandant. Yang Biao said he had already been one of the Han three excellencies, was old and ill, and could not take office under the new dynasty. Cao Pi made him grand master of splendor and specially advanced, treated him as a guest, gave him a longevity staff and an armrest, and allowed a deer-skin cap. Yang Biao declined and came in a plain robe and leather cap. Cao Pi also set a barrier and clerks at the Yang house. Yang Biao died in the fifth year of Huangchu (225), at the age of eighty-four.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Yang Biao[^wikidata] - Courtesy name: Wenxian[^zhwiki] - Dates recorded on this entry: 142–225[^wikidata] - Realm recorded on this entry: Cao Wei; the article calls him a minister of the late Eastern Han[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123596396|Yang Biao]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/yang-biao-q1048253.html en zh en 142 142 225 225 historical figure person_cn_q1048629 person fu-jia-q1048629 傅嘏

Fu Jia (209–255), courtesy name Lanshi, of Niyang in Beidi, was a master of writing under Cao Wei. He opposed a rash attack on Wu and urged Sima Shi to lead the army against Guanqiu Jian in person. The Records say he died that year at forty-seven, with the posthumous title Marquis Yuan. The encyclopedia also records the courtesy name Zhaoxian.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048629 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%98%8F zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B721 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Fu Jia was an official of Cao Wei. Wikidata's simplified Chinese label is Fu Jia, and the English label is Fu Jia. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Lanshi and that he was from Niyang in Beidi, a descendant of Fu Jiezi. The cited encyclopedia also records the courtesy name Zhaoxian. Both accounts stand, so the title stays Fu Jia. This entry dates him from 209 to 255, records his realm as Cao Wei and the Eastern Han, records him as a political figure, and places his birthplace at [[place_cn_610204|Yaozhou District]].[^wikidata][^zhwiki][^zhengshi] ## Entry into office He was already known around the age of twenty. Chen Qun, minister of works, appointed him to his staff. When Liu Shao, cavalier attendant, proposed a law for appraising officials and the matter was sent to the three offices, Fu Jia objected. He argued that Wei, coming after Qin and Han, could not yet judge men by the ancient system, that selection already rested with the ministry of personnel, and that an appraisal set up first would not separate the worthy from the foolish. At the start of Zhengshi he became a gentleman of the masters of writing and then gentleman-attendant of the yellow gate. Cao Shuang held power, and He Yan was minister of personnel. Fu Jia told Cao Xi, Cao Shuang's brother, that He Yan looked quiet and was inwardly sharp and greedy, and that he would first mislead the brothers, drive good men away, and ruin the court. He Yan turned against him and had him dismissed over a small matter. He was then made governor of Xingyang and did not go. Sima Yi, the grand tutor, made him attendant gentleman. After Cao Shuang was killed he became governor of Henan and then a master of writing. He often thought the offices since Qin and Han differed from antiquity and wanted to correct them from the root, and he also said the imperial house had too many troubles for the change to be made. The encyclopedia adds that in his youth he refused the friendship of He Yan, Deng Yang, and Xiahou Xuan. Xun Can thought this strange. Fu Jia said the three were corrupt in conduct and that closeness would later implicate him.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## The debate on attacking Wu Some proposed an attack on Wu. Wang Chang, Hu Zun, and Guanqiu Jian memorialized, each with a different plan. An edict asked Fu Jia. He opposed an immediate crossing of the Yangtze. He thought the sounder course was to advance military colonies, press the enemy, and strike when a gap appeared. Sima Biao's Strategies records the reply at greater length, including seven advantages. The court did not follow him. In the eleventh month of that year Wang Chang and the others were ordered out, and in the first month of the next year Zhuge Ke smashed the Wei army at Dongguan. Zhuge Ke then announced that he would move toward Qing and Xu. Fu Jia said the sea was not a road for a light advance. When Sun Quan had sent troops to sea they were almost all lost, and Zhuge Ke would not stake his root on the flood. At most he would send a wing commander used to naval war up the Huai as a feint and bring his own mass toward Huainan. Zhuge Ke did attack Xincheng and went home without taking it.[^zhengshi] ## Last years He often discussed whether talent and nature were the same or different, and Zhong Hui collected the discussion. At the end of Jiaping he was made a marquis within the passes. When Cao Mao, the duke of Gaogui district, took the throne, Fu Jia was advanced to Marquis of Wuxiang. In the spring Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin rebelled. Some said Sima Shi should not go himself and that the grand commandant Sima Fu could be sent. Only Fu Jia and Wang Su urged Sima Shi to go. Sima Shi went east, left Fu Jia as acting vice director of the masters of writing, and took him along. The rebels were defeated, and Fu Jia had a part in the plans. When Sima Shi died, Fu Jia and Sima Zhao returned directly to Luoyang, and Sima Zhao thus took the regency. The details are in the biography of Zhong Hui. Zhong Hui then looked pleased with himself. Fu Jia warned him that his ambition was larger than his capacity, that such merit was hard to complete, and that he must be careful. For his service Fu Jia was advanced to Marquis of Yangxiang. His fief grew by six hundred households, one thousand two hundred with what he already held. He died that year at forty-seven, was posthumously made minister of ceremonies, and was titled Marquis Yuan. His son Fu Zhi succeeded. When the five ranks were opened in the Xianxi years, Fu Zhi was re-enfeoffed as Viscount of Jingyuan because of Fu Jia's merit in the previous reign.[^zhengshi] ## Basic facts - Name: Fu Jia[^zhengshi] - Courtesy name: Lanshi; the encyclopedia also records Zhaoxian[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] - Dates recorded on this entry: 209–255; the Records say he died that year at forty-seven[^wikidata][^zhengshi] - Realm recorded on this entry: Cao Wei and the Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_610204|Yaozhou District]][^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Posthumous title: Marquis Yuan[^zhengshi] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124628012|Fu Jia]] (a character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/fu-jia-q1048629.html en zh en 209 209 255 255 historical figure person_cn_q10498719 person aiguan-q10498719 艾官

Aiguan is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her role was the comic old man. After the troupe was disbanded she became Jia Tanchun's maid. When Lady Wang drove the actresses from the garden, Aiguan's godmother took her away to arrange a marriage.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10498719 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Aiguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Aiguan, so the title stays that name. This entry records her occupations as actress and maid.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe, and where she went She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Diguan, Ouguan, Ruiguan, Qieguan, Fangguan, Kuiguan, and Douguan. Aiguan played the comic old man. After the troupe was disbanded she was given to Jia Tanchun as a maid. Lady Wang later drove the singing girls out of the garden on the ground that they were all fox spirits. Aiguan's godmother took her away and arranged a marriage for her. Zhou Ruchang held that she was one of the five secondary names on the register of feeling.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Aiguan[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Occupations recorded on this entry: actress and maid[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/aiguan-q10498719.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10500526 person fangguan-q10500526 芳官

Fangguan, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing. Her surname is Hua, she is from Gusu, and her role was the principal female. After the troupe was disbanded she became Jia Baoyu's maid in the Yihong court. After the search of the garden, Lady Wang sent her to leave the household and become a nun with Zhitong of Shuiyue nunnery.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10500526 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Fangguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Fangguan. The same record also lists other forms, including Yelü Xiongnu, Xiongnu, Wendulina, and Boli. Those are other names, so the title stays Fangguan. The article says her surname is Hua, that she is from Gusu, and that she is quick. This entry records her occupations as actress, nun, and maid, and sets the story in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe and the Yihong court She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing, and her role was the principal female. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Diguan, Ouguan, Ruiguan, Qieguan, Kuiguan, Douguan, and Aiguan. After the troupe was disbanded she went to the Yihong court as Jia Baoyu's maid. In chapter 63, when the maids kept Baoyu's birthday there, she sang Shanghua shi from the Kun opera Handan Dream.[^zhwiki] ## Leaving to become a nun After the search of the garden, Lady Wang called her a fox spirit, drove her out, and gave her to Zhitong of Shuiyue nunnery to become a nun.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Fangguan[^wikidata] - Surname and origin: Hua, of Gusu[^zhwiki] - Other names on Wikidata, not used as the title: Yelü Xiongnu, Wendulina, Boli, and others[^wikidata] - Occupations recorded on this entry: actress, nun, and maid[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/fangguan-q10500526.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10504078 person qieguan-q10504078 茄官

Qieguan is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her role was the old female. After the troupe was disbanded she was given to Madam You as a maid. After Lady Wang drove the actresses from the garden, the article says nothing further is known of her.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10504078 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8C%84%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Qieguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Qieguan, so the title stays that name. This entry records her occupations as actress and maid.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe, and where she went She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing, and her role was the old female. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Diguan, Ouguan, Ruiguan, Fangguan, Kuiguan, Douguan, and Aiguan. After the troupe was disbanded she was given to Madam You as a maid. Lady Wang later drove her out of the garden with the other singing girls, on the ground that they were all fox spirits. The article says nothing further is known of her.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Qieguan[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Occupations recorded on this entry: actress and maid[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/qieguan-q10504078.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10504223 person qianxue-q10504223 茜雪

Qianxue is one of the senior maids of the Yihong court in Dream of the Red Chamber. In chapter 8 the maple-dew tea angers Jia Baoyu, and he drives her out. Extant manuscripts do not mention her again. A commentary says the draft after chapter 80 still had her visit Baoyu in the prison-god temple, and the Guiyou text's chapter 95 has her die saving him.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10504223 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8C%9C%E9%9B%AA 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Qianxue is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Qianxue, so the title stays that name. This entry records her as a maid, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Chapter 8 She is one of the senior maids of the Yihong court. In chapter 8 the maple-dew tea incident angered Jia Baoyu, and he drove her out. In the extant manuscripts of the novel she is not mentioned again after that.[^zhwiki] ## Later drafts and commentary The Zhiyan zhai commentary says the manuscript after chapter 80 should still have contained important scenes about her: a kind nature, a deep feeling for Baoyu, no grudge over the past, and a visit to Baoyu in the prison-god temple. Chapter 95 of the Guiyou text is titled so that Lingguan beats Jia Qiang at Shuiyue nunnery and Qianxue comforts Baoyu at the Yue-god temple. It says Qianxue died while trying to save Baoyu. The article takes this as fitting the commentary. The commentary names the prison-god temple, and that chapter title names the Yue-god temple.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Qianxue[^wikidata] - Role: a senior maid of the Yihong court; this entry records her as a maid[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/qianxue-q10504223.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10508618 person ying-er-q10508618 莺儿

Huang Jinying is the maid Xue Baochai brought from home in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her original name was Huang Jinying. Baochai found it awkward and called her Ying'er. She makes knotted cords and flower baskets. When Baochai reads the words on the jade, Ying'er says at once that they match the words on Baochai's necklet.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10508618 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%BA%E5%84%BF 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Huang Jinying is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. The cited article says her original name was Huang Jinying, and that Xue Baochai found the name awkward and changed it to Ying'er. Wikidata's main label is Ying'er, and Huang Jinying is an English alias there. The title uses the original name. She is the maid Baochai brought with her. This entry records her as a maidservant, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Chapter 7 She first appears in chapter 7. Mrs. Zhou goes into the inner room and sees Xue Baochai in everyday clothes, her hair only loosely pinned, sitting on the inner side of the kang and leaning on a small kang table, drawing flower patterns with the maid Ying'er. Ying'er is skilled with her hands and has a good eye. She is good at knotting cords and weaving flower baskets. When Xue Baochai looks at the precious jade and reads the words cut on it, Do not lose it, do not forget it, and the immortal life will last, Ying'er at once says that they make a pair with the two sentences on the young lady's necklet.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Huang Jinying, later called Ying'er[^zhwiki] - Role: maid of Xue Baochai; this entry records her as a maidservant[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/ying-er-q10508618.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10508724 person diguan-q10508724 菂官

Diguan, also written Yaoguan, is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her role was the young female. She and Ouguan, who played the young male, often acted as a married couple. Diguan died young, and Ouguan wept as if she would not live.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10508724 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%82%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Diguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Diguan. The cited article says the name is also written Yaoguan. Both forms appear, so the title stays Diguan. This entry records her as an actress, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Ouguan, Ruiguan, Qieguan, Fangguan, Kuiguan, Douguan, and Aiguan. Diguan played the young female. On stage she and Ouguan, who played the young male, often acted husband and wife. They were unusually close, and they carried the tenderness of the songs and the staging into daily life. She died young not long after, and Ouguan wept as if she would not survive it.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Diguan, also written Yaoguan[^zhwiki] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: actress[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/diguan-q10508724.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10509106 person subhuti-q10509106 菩提祖师

Patriarch Subhuti, fully named Patriarch Subhuti of the Xu, is Sun Wukong's teacher in Journey to the West. He teaches the seventy-two transformations, long life, and the cloud somersault, and he forbids Wukong to reveal the school. The article gives several accounts of who he really is, so the title stays.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10509106 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E7%A5%96%E5%B8%88 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Patriarch Subhuti is a character in the novel Journey to the West. Wikidata names him Subhuti. The cited article says the full name is Patriarch Subhuti, with the Xu syllable. It then lists several real identities, including the Tathagata, Guanyin, and the Most High Lord Lao. They do not agree, so the title stays Patriarch Subhuti. This entry records him as a figure of Journey to the West.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The pupil He takes Sun Wukong as a disciple and teaches the seventy-two transformations, deathlessness, and the cloud somersault. He foresees that Wukong will make trouble, and he requires secrecy: the school and the old story of the training must never be mentioned. In chapter 1 a woodcutter points the Handsome Monkey King the way, and Wukong then meets him. The book presents him as a great immortal versed in both Daoism and Buddhism, of high powers and many disciples. People of the hills and wilds receive his teaching. He leads them toward the Way and also teaches ways of strengthening the body and calming the mind.[^zhwiki] ## The name, and later guesses Commentators say Subhuti was a great disciple of the Tathagata, known for understanding emptiness, and that the Diamond Sutra is what the Buddha said to Subhuti. The name was not originally a title among immortals, and some take that to mean the immortal and the Buddha are one. The article also gathers guesses about who he really was. Some say the Tathagata, using among other things Wukong's later thought that he bowed only to the Buddha, to Guanyin, and to the teacher of the Mountain of the Two Boundaries, together with the Tathagata's awakening under the bodhi tree. Other guesses are Guanyin, the Most High Lord Lao, a junior fellow of the Tathagata, Subhuti among the Tathagata's ten great disciples, and a portrait of the author. Popular talk adds the Daoist Zhunti and the Primordial Heavenly Worthy. The article says the last of these mixes Journey to the West with Investiture of the Gods. The television series The Lotus Lantern and its prequel present Yuding Zhenren as an earlier or true form of Patriarch Subhuti. None of these accounts supplies one personal name to replace the title.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Patriarch Subhuti[^wikidata] - Full form in the article: Patriarch Subhuti, with the Xu syllable[^zhwiki] - Description: a character in Journey to the West, Sun Wukong's teacher[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]][^zhwiki] /people/subhuti-q10509106.html en zh en Character in Journey to the West true mythological figure person_cn_q1051287 person bi-gan-q1051287 比干

Bi Gan, of the Zi clan, from Mei in Yin-Shang, was a son of Wen Ding and an uncle of King Zhou. He rose to junior preceptor. Confucius says he died for his remonstrance. The article also records a cut-out heart, death by drowning, death in the fighting, and stele texts that would put his death more than ten years after King Zhou. This entry gives no birth or death year.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051287 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B9%B2 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Bi Gan was a prince of the Shang house. Wikidata names him Bi Gan. The record also has the later form Lord Lin the Grand Preceptor, which does not replace the title. The article says he was of the Zi clan, from Mei in Yin-Shang, which it identifies with present-day Weihui in Henan. He was a son of King Wen Ding, a younger brother of Di Yi, and an uncle of King Zhou. He was clever and hardworking as a child and rose to junior preceptor. Confucius names Weizi, Jizi, and Bi Gan the three benevolent men of Yin, and says Bi Gan died because he remonstrated. He is also treated as the ancestor of the Lin surname and as a god of wealth. This entry records no birth or death year and lists him as a political figure. The article likewise gives only question marks for the years.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Accounts of his death Death for remonstrance is the early account. The article says the story that his heart was cut out is first recorded in the Spring and Autumn period, long after the event, and that the texts make King Zhou more cruel as time goes on, so later embroidery cannot be ruled out. A Hunan Television summary of the Xia-Shang-Zhou chronology project says some steles in Bi Gan temples put his death more than ten years after King Zhou, which would mean King Zhou did not kill him. The article calls this short of proof and still a doubt. In the Warring States period another account, close to the story of Qu Yuan, says Bi Gan drowned. The modern scholar Gu Jiegang also argued that Bi Gan was both King Zhou's uncle and King Wu of Zhou's maternal uncle, that he tried to mediate, and that he died in the confusion of the battle when mediation failed. King Wu buried him hastily on the field and built a great tomb only after Shang had fallen. That would explain the record of the tomb. These accounts do not agree, and this entry does not choose one death.[^zhwiki] ## Honors, cult, and the novel Emperor Taizong of Tang gave him the posthumous office of grand preceptor and the title Duke of Loyal Ardor. Emperor Shun of Yuan added Renxian, making him the Duke of Manifest Benevolence and Loyal Ardor. A Daoist collection of audiences of the god of wealth calls him the Perfected Bi who Guards Wealth and Stores the True. In Investiture of the Gods, Jiang Ziya enfeoffs him as the star lord of Wenqu. Weihui in Henan has a Bi Gan temple, with the stele Confucius is said to have cut with a sword, Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei's lament for Bi Gan, and more than a hundred other steles. The temple was founded in 494. Qi county in Henan, according to the Qi county gazetteer, has a temple of the three benevolent men, for Bi Gan, Jizi, and Weizi. In the novel he has a heart with seven openings. For three days and nights at the Star-Plucking Terrace he blames Daji for throwing the realm into disorder and tells King Zhou that disaster is near if he abandons the former kings' rules and listens only to a woman. Daji, the nine-tailed fox, already hates him for the burning of the fox den. King Zhou has his heart cut out. The terrace at Qi county was later renamed the Heart-Plucking Terrace. The novel says Jiang Ziya's charm lets him live after the heart is gone, until he meets a woman selling hollow-heart vegetables. She says a person without a heart dies, and he dies at once. He is then called the first loyal minister of all time. The portrayal is [[person_cn_q12476179|Bi Gan]]. The article also lists screen performers. Those names are not copied out here.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Bi Gan[^wikidata] - Clan: Zi[^zhwiki] - Description: a noble of the Shang[^wikidata] - Later form of address: Lord Lin the Grand Preceptor[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q12476179|Bi Gan]] (a character in Investiture of the Gods) /people/bi-gan-q1051287.html en zh en historical figure person_cn_q10513464 person kuiguan-q10513464 葵官

Kuiguan is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her surname is Wei, and her role was the painted face. After the troupe was disbanded she was given to Shi Xiangyun as a maid and renamed Wei Daying, from the phrase that only a great hero keeps an original color. Nothing further is told.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10513464 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%B5%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Kuiguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Kuiguan. The cited article says her surname is Wei and that Shi Xiangyun later renamed her Wei Daying. Both names appear, so the title stays Kuiguan. This entry records her as an actress and a maid, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe, and the new name She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Diguan, Ouguan, Ruiguan, Qieguan, Fangguan, Douguan, and Aiguan. Her specialty was the painted-face role. After the troupe was disbanded she was given to Shi Xiangyun as a maid. Shi Xiangyun renamed her Wei Daying, taking the sense of the phrase that only a great hero keeps an original color. The article says nothing further follows.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Kuiguan[^wikidata] - Surname: Wei[^zhwiki] - Later name: Wei Daying[^zhwiki] - Occupations recorded on this entry: actress and maid[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/kuiguan-q10513464.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10514070 person ouguan-q10514070 藕官

Ouguan is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing in Dream of the Red Chamber. Her role was the young male. After the troupe was disbanded she entered Lin Daiyu's rooms. She and Diguan often acted as a married couple, and Diguan died young. Lady Wang later drove the actresses out, and Ouguan and Ruiguan became nuns with Yuanxin at Dizang nunnery.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10514070 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%95%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Ouguan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Ouguan, so the title stays that name. This entry records her as an actress, a nun, and a maid.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The troupe She is one of the twelve girls the Jia house bought to sing, and her role was the young male. The article names the other eleven as Wenguan, Baoguan, Yuguan, Lingguan, Diguan, Ruiguan, Qieguan, Fangguan, Kuiguan, Douguan, and Aiguan. After the troupe was disbanded she went into Lin Daiyu's rooms. On stage she and Diguan, who played the young female, often acted as husband and wife. They were unusually close and thought of themselves as a pair. Diguan died young.[^zhwiki] ## Leaving to become a nun Lady Wang later drove the actresses out of the garden, saying that girls who sang plays were of course fox spirits. Ouguan and Ruiguan followed the nun Yuanxin and became nuns at Dizang nunnery.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Ouguan[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Occupations recorded on this entry: actress, nun, and maid[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/ouguan-q10514070.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10527263 person diting-q10527263 谛听

Diting, also called Shanting, is a divine beast in Buddhism and Chinese myth, said to be Ksitigarbha's mount. The earliest record is the Account of Daoming's Return from the Dead, in 778. It is described with a tiger's head, a rhinoceros horn, a dog's ears, a dragon's body, a lion's tail, and qilin feet. This entry lists it under Journey to the West. No personal name is attested.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10527263 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%A6%E8%81%BD 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Diting is a divine beast of myth. Wikidata's simplified Chinese label is Diting, and the English label is Diting. The cited article says it is also called Shanting. That is a beast's name, not a person's, so the title stays Diting. This entry records it as a mythical divine beast and lists it under Journey to the West.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The record, and the form It is said to be the mount of the bodhisattva Ksitigarbha, and temples often place it beside his altar. The earliest record is the Account of Daoming's Return from the Dead. In the thirteenth year of Dali (778) the monk Daoming entered the underworld, saw Ksitigarbha, painted his true likeness, and said that Manjushri, transformed into a golden-haired lion, was beside Ksitigarbha, while Diting listened to the past lives of the dead. The form is described as a tiger's head, a rhinoceros horn, a dog's ears, a dragon's body, a lion's tail, and the feet of a qilin. It is also said to tell good from evil and the worthy from the foolish.[^zhwiki] ## Journey to the West Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West says that if Diting crouches on the ground, in a short while it can look over the mountains, the states, the grotto-heavens, and the blessed places of the four continents, and can judge the good and evil of every kind of creature and immortal.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Diting, also called Shanting[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Description: a divine beast of myth[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]][^zhwiki] /people/diting-q10527263.html en zh en Character in Journey to the West true literary character person_cn_q1052946 person guan-sheng-q1052946 关胜

Guan Sheng, in Water Margin, is called a direct descendant of Guan Yu. His nickname is the Great Sword. He was inspector of Pudong, was captured while relieving Daming, and joined Liangshan as the fifth chief and the head of the five tigers of the cavalry. After Fang La he became commander of the horse at Daming, then fell from his horse while drunk and died of the injury.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052946 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E8%83%9C 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Guan Sheng is a character in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata names him Guan Sheng. The same materials also give the nickname Great Sword and the star name Tianyongxing. Neither replaces the title. The article calls him a direct descendant of Guan Yu. This entry records him as an official, and the story is set in the Great Song.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Joining Liangshan The article describes him as eight feet five or six in height, with a three-strand beard, brows entering the hair, phoenix eyes, and a face like dark dates. His weapon is the Green Dragon crescent blade and his horse is Red Hare, so he is called Guan Sheng of the Great Sword. He had been inspector of Pudong. When Daming in the northern capital was besieged, Grand Preceptor Cai Jing sent him to the rescue. He used the plan of besieging Wei to rescue Zhao, and with Hao Siwen, Xuan Zan, and others led picked troops, which the article numbers as ten thousand and a thousand, against Liangshan. Song Jiang withdrew to save the mountain. Guan Sheng won the first engagements and captured several men of Liangshan. Against Song Jiang he did not win, and Song Jiang still recalled the army. Song Jiang had sent Huyan Zhuo to pretend to surrender to the court and lure Guan Sheng into an attack. Guan Sheng fell into the ambush and was captured. Song Jiang untied him in person, and Guan Sheng decided to join. He became the fifth chief of Liangshan.[^zhwiki] ## After he joined Cai Jing then recommended the paired generals of water and fire, Shan Tinggui and Wei Dingguo. Guan Sheng volunteered and went out with Hao Siwen and Xuan Zan. Those two were captured when they charged, and Guan Sheng retreated. He fought Shan Tinggui again, drew him into a pursuit, struck him from the horse, and Shan Tinggui surrendered. Wei Dingguo was then brought over as well. When the hundred and eight gathered, Guan Sheng was made the first of the five tigers of the cavalry. He followed Song Jiang against Liao, Tian Hu, Wang Qing, and Fang La. He cut down the Liao general Wuyan Guang and Qian Pengju on Fang La's side, and he brought over the Hebei general Tang Bin. Against Fang La he fought Shi Bao, one of the four marshals of Jiangnan, to a draw more than once. He thought Shi Bao's blade was not beneath his own, and he saw through Shi Bao's hidden meteor hammer. After the pacification he returned to court, was appointed a regular general, and became commander of the horse at Daming. Later he drank too much, fell from his horse, and died of the injury. The article also lists screen performers. Those names are not copied out here.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Guan Sheng[^wikidata] - Nickname: Great Sword[^zhwiki] - Star name: Tianyongxing[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Water Margin[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: official[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: Great Song[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^zhwiki] /people/guan-sheng-q1052946.html en zh en Character in Water Margin true literary character person_cn_q1053218 person gongsun-sheng-q1053218 公孙胜

Gongsun Sheng, in Water Margin, is a Daoist from Jizhou. His Daoist name is Yiqing, his nickname is the Dragon Entering the Clouds, and his star is Tianxianxing. He studied under Luo the Perfected. He joined the seizure of the birthday gift and later kept Liangshan's secrets. After Wang Qing, at Chenqiao post he recalled his teacher's words, returned to Jizhou, and did not join the Fang La campaign.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053218 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%99%E8%83%9C 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Gongsun Sheng is a character in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata names him Gongsun Sheng. The same materials also give the Daoist name Yiqing, the nickname Dragon Entering the Clouds, the star name Tianxianxing, and the form Gongsun Yiqing. The Daoist name, the nickname, and the star name do not replace the title. He is from Jizhou, a wandering Daoist of the Zixu temple, and a disciple of Luo the Perfected. This entry records him as a Water Margin figure, and the story is set in the Great Song.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The mountain, and the return home He is tall and large, with slanting brows, almond eyes, and whiskers, a short robe, hemp shoes, and a pine-grain ancient-ingot sword. He is skilled both in Daoist arts and with spear and staff. Hearing that Yang Zhi was escorting Cai Jing's birthday gift, he thought the wealth unjust and went to Chao Gai to plan its seizure. After the affair he drove off He Tao and went up to Liangshan. When Song Jiang had been rescued from the execution ground at Jiangzhou, Gongsun Sheng missed his old mother, went home, and did not return. When Song Jiang attacked Gaotang and lost to Gao Lian's sorcery, he was asked down again. With the orthodox method of the five thunders and the heavenly stars, taught by Luo the Perfected, he broke Gao Lian's art. Shi Jin's first battle at Mangdang Mountain went badly. Gongsun Sheng arrived with troops, set an eight-trigram formation, broke Fan Rui's sorcery, and received Fan Rui and the others. When the hundred and eight gathered, he served as the strategist who kept the secrets.[^zhwiki] ## After the amnesty After the amnesty he followed the campaigns against Liao and Tian Hu. Tian Hu's strategist Qiao Daoqing defeated the Liangshan men with sorcery. Gongsun Sheng broke that art and received him. Against Wang Qing, Lu Junyi fought Li Zhu, called the Master of the Golden Sword, at Nanfeng and could not match the sword. Gongsun Sheng arrived with the center army and by art made the sword leave Li Zhu's hand, so Lu Junyi captured him alive. After Wang Qing was pacified, Song Jiang camped at Chenqiao post outside the eastern capital. Gongsun Sheng remembered Luo the Perfected's words, return when you meet the Bian, took leave of Song Jiang, and went back to the Mountain of the Two Immortals in Jizhou. He did not go with the Liangshan company again and did not join the campaign against Fang La. He studied the Way with his teacher and cared for his mother until the end of his years. The article includes remarks by Yu Xiangdou, Jin Shengtan, Wang Wangru, and Chen Chen. Those sentences are not copied out, nor is the list of screen performers.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Gongsun Sheng[^wikidata] - Daoist name: Yiqing[^zhwiki] - Nickname: Dragon Entering the Clouds[^zhwiki] - Star name: Tianxianxing[^wikidata] - Origin: Jizhou[^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: Great Song[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^zhwiki] /people/gongsun-sheng-q1053218.html en zh en Character in Water Margin true literary character person_cn_q10538121 person jia-dairu-q10538121 贾代儒

Jia Dairu, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is a collateral son of the Jia house's second generation and the family tutor. He is Jia Rui's grandfather. His son and daughter-in-law died early, and he kept Jia Rui under strict watch. When Wang Xifeng's trap of longing killed Jia Rui, Jia Dairu wept as if he would not live.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538121 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%84%92 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Dairu is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Dairu. The record also has the shortened form Dairu, which does not replace the title. He is a collateral member of the Jia house's second generation, the family tutor, and Jia Rui's grandfather. This entry records him as a teacher, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Watching Jia Rui His son and daughter-in-law both died early, so he kept Jia Rui under strict rule. He would not let Jia Rui take one extra step outside, for fear the boy would do nothing but drink and gamble. If Jia Rui stayed out for a night, the punishment was heavy. After Wang Xifeng's trap of longing killed Jia Rui, Jia Dairu wept as if he would not live.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Dairu[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Occupation recorded on this entry: teacher[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-dairu-q10538121.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538170 person jia-lan-q10538170 贾兰

Jia Lan, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is the son of Jia Zhu and Li Wan and Jia Zheng's eldest grandson. After Jia Zhu died, Li Wan put her energy into raising him, had him read the Four Books and the Five Classics, and set him on the official path. In the last forty chapters continued by Gao E, he places one hundred thirtieth in the provincial examination.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538170 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E5%85%B0 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Lan is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Lan. The record also has the familiar form Lan'er, which does not replace the title. He is the son of Jia Zhu and Li Wan and Jia Zheng's eldest grandson. This entry records him as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## His studies After Jia Zhu died, Li Wan put all her energy into raising Jia Lan. From childhood she had him recite the Four Books and the Five Classics and follow the old path of office. The article says that in the last forty chapters continued by Gao E he placed one hundred thirtieth in the provincial examination.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Lan[^wikidata] - Parents: Jia Zhu and Li Wan[^zhwiki] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-lan-q10538170.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538322 person jia-jing-q10538322 贾敬

Jia Jing, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is the grandson of Duke Ning, Jia Yan, and the second son of Jia Daihua. He was a jinshi of the Yimao examination, rank 5b, but left office and title to his son Jia Zhen and practiced alchemy at the Xuanzhen temple. In chapter 63 he dies of elixir poisoning.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538322 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E6%95%AC 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Jing is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Jing, so the title stays that name. He is the grandson of Duke Ning, Jia Yan, and the second son of Jia Daihua. This entry records him as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Alchemy He was a jinshi of the Yimao examination, of the fifth rank, upper degree, but he cared only for the Way and for firing elixir. He left the office and the title to his son Jia Zhen. Every day he practiced at the Xuanzhen temple outside the capital, kept company with Daoists, and wanted to become an immortal. He attended to nothing else.[^zhwiki] ## Death He later took elixir without restraint and died of the poison. At death his belly was hard as iron, and his face and lips were burned a purple-crimson and cracked. The article says he appears in chapter 2 and dies in chapter 63.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Jing[^wikidata] - Parentage: son of Jia Daihua, grandson of Duke Ning, Jia Yan[^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-jing-q10538322.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538467 person jia-jun-q10538467 贾菌

Jia Jun, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is a great-great-grandson of the near branch of the Rongguo house and the son of Madam Lou. His father died early. At the family school he is closest to Jia Lan. In the school fight he helps Mingyan. He attends Qin Keqing's funeral in chapter 13, and nothing further is told.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538467 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%8F%8C 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Jun is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Jun, so the title stays that name. He is a great-great-grandson of the near branch of the Rongguo house and the son of Madam Lou. This entry records him as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The family school His father died early, and he and his mother depended on each other. At the family school he is closest to Jia Lan. Though young, he has large ambitions and is mischievous and unafraid of people. In the fight at the school he helps Mingyan and joins in. In chapter 13 he attends Qin Keqing's funeral. The article says nothing further follows.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Jun[^wikidata] - Mother: Madam Lou[^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-jun-q10538467.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538486 person jia-rong-q10538486 贾蓉

Jia Rong, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is Jia Zhen's son. He began as a student of the Imperial Academy. After Qin Keqing died, Jia Zhen spent a thousand taels to buy him the fifth-rank post of dragon-forbidden commandant, and he later married a woman of the Xu family. He helps Wang Xifeng trick Jia Rui and suggests how Jia Lian can secretly marry You Erjie. In chapter 105, when the house is raided, he too is held.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538486 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%93%89 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Rong is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Rong. The record also has the familiar form Rong'er, which does not replace the title. He is Jia Zhen's son, with fine features and a slender build. This entry records him as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel. The birthplace field holds only a blank Wikidata node identifier and no readable place name, so it is not written here as a place.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The purchased rank, and the household He helps Wang Xifeng make sport of Jia Rui. He began as a student of the Imperial Academy. After his wife Qin Keqing died, Jia Zhen spent a thousand taels to buy him the fifth-rank post of dragon-forbidden commandant. He later married a woman of the Xu family. When Jia Lian secretly took You Erjie, it was Jia Rong who thought of having Jia Lian marry her in secret and house her outside the mansion. In chapter 105, when the Jia house is raided, he too is held.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Rong[^wikidata] - Father: Jia Zhen[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-rong-q10538486.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538513 person jia-qiang-q10538513 贾蔷

Jia Qiang, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is a legitimate great-great-grandson of the Ningguo house. His parents died early and he grew up with Jia Zhen. He attends school in name only. He later manages the family troupe and loves Lingguan. A commentary hints that they marry and that he helps the Jia house after its fall.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538513 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%94%B7 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jia Qiang is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Jia Qiang. The record also has the forms Qiang'er, Master Qiang, Second Master Qiang, and Brother Qiang. None of them replaces the title. The article calls him a legitimate great-great-grandson of the Ningguo house and infers that his great-grandfather should be a younger brother of Jia Daihua. That is the article's own inference. He is handsome. This entry records him as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the Ning house His parents died early, and he grew up with Jia Zhen. Jia Zhen spoiled him from above, and Jia Rong helped him from below. Every day he answered the roll at school only to cover appearances. He still fought cocks, ran dogs, and looked at flowers, and he grew more arrogant. He later became manager of the Jia family troupe, fell in love with Lingguan, and spent his days trying to please her. She was devoted to him as well.[^zhwiki] ## What the commentary suggests The Zhiyan zhai notes suggest that Jia Qiang and Lingguan eventually become a couple and that he helps the Jia house after its fall. The article does not present this as a scene already written in the main text.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Jia Qiang[^wikidata] - Description: a character in Dream of the Red Chamber[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/jia-qiang-q10538513.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10538897 person lai-shangrong-q10538897 赖尚荣

Lai Shangrong, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is the son of Lai Da and the grandson of Nanny Lai. Servants and a wet nurse raised him, and he studied for office. At twenty the Jia favor bought him a qualification. At thirty, again through the Jia house, he was selected as a county magistrate. This entry records him as a political figure.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10538897 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E5%B0%9A%E8%8D%A3 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Lai Shangrong is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names him Lai Shangrong, so the title stays that name. He is the son of Lai Da and the grandson of Nanny Lai. This entry records him as a political figure, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The purchased career From childhood, maids, older serving women, and a wet nurse raised him as if he were a phoenix. He studied reading and writing and followed the path of office. At twenty, by the favor of the Jia house, he bought a qualification. At thirty he asked the Jia house again and was selected to go out as a county magistrate.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Lai Shangrong[^wikidata] - Parentage: son of Lai Da, grandson of Nanny Lai[^zhwiki] - Occupation recorded on this entry: political figure[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/lai-shangrong-q10538897.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10540116 person concubine-zhao-q10540116 赵姨娘

Concubine Zhao, in Dream of the Red Chamber, is Jia Zheng's concubine and the birth mother of Jia Tanchun and Jia Huan. She was born a household slave. Jealous that Baoyu was favored over Jia Huan, she has Ma Daopo curse Xifeng and Baoyu. She also quarrels with Tanchun over the funeral silver for her brother Zhao Guoji and beats Fangguan in public. The sources give no personal name.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10540116 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%A7%A8%E5%A8%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Concubine Zhao is a character in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata names her Concubine Zhao. The record also has the form Aunt Zhao. There is a surname and the title of concubine, and no personal name, so the heading stays Concubine Zhao. She is the concubine of Jia Zheng, the second master of the Rongguo house, and the birth mother of Jia Tanchun and Jia Huan. This entry records her as a figure of the novel, and the story is set in the dynasty of the novel.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Position Jia Zheng's wife is Lady Wang. His concubines are Concubine Zhao and Concubine Zhou. The article says she is shown speaking and acting in only three or four places, and is mentioned from the side in only four or five. She and Concubine Zhou are similar in station and age and opposite in temper. Zhou accepts her lot. Zhao will not, and she keeps making trouble. Researchers put the difference down to Zhou having no children, while Zhao has children and resists the gap between the wife's line and the concubine's. Zhao was born a household slave, the daughter of a page and a maid who had been released. She was young and beautiful, and so was taken as a concubine. Her speech is coarse, she likes to stir trouble, and the household does not respect her. Even with a son and a daughter she does not receive a master's treatment. She is half master and half slave, and in practice she stands below the senior maids and the ranking servants. She is at odds with Lady Wang and Wang Xifeng, and the Lady Dowager has scolded her before everyone. Her daughter Jia Tanchun is hostile and, by the rule of wife and concubine, will not admit Zhao's brother as her own uncle.[^zhwiki] ## Several episodes In chapter 25, jealous that Jia Baoyu is favored over Jia Huan, she has the Daoist woman Ma curse Xifeng and Baoyu by witchcraft. In chapter 55, after her brother Zhao Guoji dies, the funeral silver from the Jia house is less than Xiren's. She quarrels with her daughter Tanchun, who is then managing the household. In chapter 60 the actress Fangguan gives Jia Huan jasmine powder and calls it rose nitre. When Zhao learns of it she abuses Fangguan in public and beats her. In chapter 72 the servant wife of Lai Wang wants Caixia as a daughter-in-law, and Caixia asks Zhao for help. Zhao proposes to Jia Zheng that Caixia become Jia Huan's concubine. Jia Zheng does not agree. Someone breaks off their talk and then tells Baoyu. In chapter 75, when shares are collected for Wang Xifeng's birthday, Xifeng wants Concubine Zhou and Concubine Zhao called in to enjoy it. Madam You asks why these two bitter gourds should be dragged in. Ping'er thinks Zhao is muddled, but tells the others not to blame her whenever something happens.[^zhwiki] ## What the article records as judgment Qing commentators mostly call her foolishly vicious, stupidly vicious, or dully vicious. Zhiyan zhai calls her foolishly vicious. Jiang Qi's verse makes her dull in substance and busy spreading slander, counts an undutiful daughter as a piece of luck, and complains that her son is too much like her. Some later researchers keep the condemnation. Others call her a harmed villain inside a marriage of one wife and several concubines, and one of the concubines who shows some resistance. Others, from what the book implies, say her relations with Jia Zheng seem always decent, and that by the Jia rule for taking concubines she must once have been an outstanding slave girl, handsome and capable when young. The article also sets her beside Qingwen by Jia Baoyu's saying that women pass from precious pearl to dead pearl to fish eye. These are judgments. They do not supply another name.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Concubine Zhao[^wikidata] - Role: concubine of Jia Zheng, birth mother of Jia Tanchun and Jia Huan[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^zhwiki] /people/concubine-zhao-q10540116.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q1054494 person king-mulu-q1054494 木鹿大王

King Mulu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the lord of the Barbarian Bana Cave, who serves under Meng Huo and is skilled in magic. In the novel he rides an elephant into battle and is trampled to death in the fight against Zhuge Liang; Wikidata records his death year as 225.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054494 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E9%B9%BF%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 King Mulu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata describes him as a lord of a Barbarian cave, and the setting recorded for him is Shu Han. His name is only the honorific "King" attached to a place name, with no recorded personal name, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The character The Chinese Wikipedia article calls him a Barbarian of the southern tribes in the novel, a subordinate of Meng Huo and the lord of the Bana Cave, deeply versed in magic. It says that he rode an elephant when he went out, could call up wind and rain, and was followed by tigers, leopards, jackals, wolves, venomous snakes and scorpions. He commanded thirty thousand spirit soldiers and was very brave.[^zhwiki] ## The fight with Zhuge Liang According to the article, he went to war on a huge elephant and at first drove back the Shu Han army. Zhuge Liang then used great beasts loaded with burning material and spitting fire to frighten his elephants. King Mulu fell from his elephant and was trampled to death.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Identity: fictional character of the novel, lord of a Barbarian cave[^wikidata] - Died: 225 (as recorded by Wikidata)[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: Shu Han[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]][^zhwiki] /people/king-mulu-q1054494.html en zh en 225 225 Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q10556169 person q10556169

邴原（158年—？），字根矩，北海朱虚人，东汉末年的名士。他早年与管宁同以操守著称，避乱辽东，后被曹操征辟，因拒绝为曹冲合葬而闻名，最后随曹操征吴，卒于途中。

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10556169 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%B4%E5%8E%9F zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B711 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 5 邴原是东汉末年的名士。《三国志》说他字根矩，是北海朱虚人，维基数据的中文标签也是邴原，所以标题保持不变。结构化资料记他生于158年，没有给出卒年。[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## 早年与避乱 《三国志》说，他年轻时和管宁都以操守出名，州府征召，他都不就。黄巾起事之后，他带着家属入海，住在郁洲山中。当时孔融任北海相，举他为有道。邴原觉得黄巾势力正盛，就去了辽东，和同郡的刘政一样，都被认为有勇略。[^zhengshi] ## 在辽东救刘政 辽东太守公孙度畏恶刘政，想杀他，收捕了他全家，只有刘政逃脱。公孙度还向各县下令，敢藏匿刘政的人同罪。刘政走投无路，投奔邴原，邴原把他藏了一个多月，正好东莱的太史慈要回去，就把刘政托付给太史慈。之后邴原去对公孙度说，当初想杀刘政，是因为怕他为害，如今他已远走，不如赦免他的家人，免得结下重怨。公孙度于是放了刘政一家，邴原还资助他们回到故郡。邴原在辽东，一年之内前来投奔居住的有数百家，游学之士聚集，授课之声不断。[^zhengshi] ## 在曹操手下 回到中原后，曹操征辟他为司空掾。邴原的女儿早亡，当时曹操的爱子曹冲也去世，曹操想让两人合葬。邴原推辞说，合葬不合礼，自己之所以能被曹操容纳、被善待，正是因为能守训典而不改，若听从命令，就成了凡庸之人。曹操于是作罢，改让他做丞相征事。崔琰在东曹掾任上写的推荐记，称邴原与张范德行纯正美好，是国家的重宝。后来他代替涼茂做五官将长史，闭门自守，非公事不出。[^zhengshi] ## 去世 曹操征吴，邴原随军同行，死于途中。《三国志》的记述到此为止，没有写具体年月。中文维基百科把卒年写成208年并带问号，属于不确定的推断。[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## 裴松之注中的轶事 《三国志》裴松之注引的《邴原别传》另记了一些故事。邴原十一岁丧父，家贫，路过邻家书塾时哭泣，老师同情他，不收学费让他读书，他一冬就诵完《孝经》《论语》。曹丕任五官中郎将时宾客如云，邴原却独守常道，曹操暗中派人问他缘故，他以“国危不事冢宰，君去不奉世子”作答，只肯守礼。曹丕宴客时问：君与父同患重病，只有一丸药，救哪个？众人议论纷纷，邴原一人勃然回答：“父也。”曹丕没有再为难他。这些是裴注引用的传记材料，不出于陈寿正文。[^zhengshi] ## 后世评价 中文维基百科引陈寿评语，把袁涣、邴原、张范并称，说他们亲身践行清高之道，进退合乎道义，可与贡禹、龚胜、龚舍相比。[^zhwiki] ## 基本信息 - 姓名：邴原，字根矩[^zhengshi] - 籍贯：北海朱虚[^zhengshi] - 生年：158年[^wikidata] - 所属朝代或国家：东汉[^wikidata] - 衍生形象：[[person_cn_q124354887|邴原]]（《三国演义》人物） /people/q10556169.html en true zh 158 158年 政治人物 历史人物 person_cn_q10563992 person jin-wenxiang-q10563992 金文翔

Jin Wenxiang is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber, the elder brother of Yuanyang and a purchasing agent for the Lady Dowager. Wikidata records him as a domestic servant surnamed Jin, with Jin Cai as his father and the wife of Jin Wenxiang as his spouse.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10563992 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%96%87%E7%BF%94 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Jin Wenxiang is a minor character in Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia character list both give his name as Jin Wenxiang, so the title is unchanged.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Position The Chinese Wikipedia character list calls him the elder brother of Yuanyang and a purchasing agent for the Lady Dowager, and places his first appearance in chapter 46. Wikidata likewise describes him as Yuanyang's brother, lists his occupation as domestic worker and his family name as Jin, and gives the setting as the book's fictional Reigning Dynasty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Family Wikidata records Jin Cai as his father and the wife of Jin Wenxiang as his spouse. His siblings are Yuanyang and another figure called the sister of Yuanyang. Wikidata also lists a Jin Wenxiang house as the dwelling of Yuanyang's brother. The sources give no further narrative detail, so nothing more is said here.[^wikidata] ## Basic facts - Name: Jin Wenxiang[^wikidata] - Role: brother of Yuanyang, purchasing agent for the Lady Dowager[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - First appearance: chapter 46[^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the Reigning Dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]] /people/jin-wenxiang-q10563992.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10565906 person huo-qi-q10565906 霍启

Huo Qi is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber, a servant of Zhen Shiyin's household who appears in chapter 1. Wikidata records his family name as Huo and his occupation as domestic worker, working and living at the Zhen Mansion on Renqing Street.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10565906 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%90%AF 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Huo Qi is a minor character who appears early in Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata gives his Chinese name as 霍启, with the variant 霍啟, and the Chinese Wikipedia character list uses 霍启 as well, so the title is unchanged.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Position The character list records him as a servant of Zhen Shiyin's household and places his appearance in chapter 1. Wikidata describes him as a servant of the Zhen household, lists his occupation as domestic worker and his family name as Huo, names Zhen Shiyin as his employer, and gives the Zhen Mansion on Renqing Street as both his workplace and his residence. The recorded setting is the book's fictional Reigning Dynasty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Scope of the sources The two sources behind this entry give only his position, the chapter of his appearance and his service relation, with no further narrative, so nothing more is said here.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Huo Qi, also written 霍啟[^wikidata] - Role: servant of the Zhen Shiyin household[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - First appearance: chapter 1[^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: the Reigning Dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]] /people/huo-qi-q10565906.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10566107 person shunfeng-er-q10566107 顺风耳

Shunfeng'er, or With-the-Wind Ear, is a divine general of folk belief and fiction who can hear distant sounds. Paired with Qianliyan, he serves as a guardian of the sea goddess Mazu and is also called the Water Essence General. His origin is told in several ways, one making him Gao Jue, a general of King Zhou of Shang.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10566107 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E9%A2%A8%E8%80%B3 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Shunfeng'er, or With-the-Wind Ear, is a divine general of folk belief and classical fiction who can hear sounds from afar. He is usually named together with Qianliyan. Wikidata classes him as a water deity and describes him as a heavenly god also known as the Water Essence General. His name is a divine epithet, and the accounts give differing origins and names, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Relation to Mazu Chinese Wikipedia says he was originally a monster who appeared together with Qianliyan and harmed the world, was subdued by Mazu and became a divine general with the power to hear every sound in the world. In folk accounts, the two guardians who watch and listen on Mazu's behalf are Qianliyan, also called the Gold Essence General, who holds a halberd in the left hand and raises the right hand to his brow to look far, and Shunfeng'er, also called the Water Essence General, who holds a crescent axe in the right hand and points the left to his ear.[^zhwiki] ## Several origins The article lists several traditions. One says the two were transformed from the essences of metal and water. Another says they were Gao Ming and Gao Jue, brothers and generals of King Zhou of Shang, killed in battle against Jiang Ziya. Their spirits lingered on Peach Blossom Mountain until Lin Moniang, later Mazu, subdued them with sacred tools, after which they cultivated the Way and became her two helpers once she became a goddess. A third says they were heavenly generals sent down by the Jade Emperor to wait and help Mazu rescue those in distress at sea. Another source says Mazu is an incarnation of Guanyin, so that Qianliyan "watches disasters a thousand li away" and Shunfeng'er "listens to sounds and relieves suffering", and the two words together make up the sense of Guanyin.[^zhwiki] ## Appearance in popular accounts The article describes Qianliyan as green-faced, green-robed and two-horned, and Shunfeng'er as red-faced, red-robed and one-horned, with an axe in his right hand and his left hand pointing at his ear. Both have eyes like bronze bells, teeth like short swords, a body more than ten feet tall and a voice like a bronze bell. A folk tale adds that Gao Ming could see a thousand li and Gao Jue could hear a thousand li, so that King Zhou knew King Wu of Zhou's plans in advance. Jiang Ziya saw through them with a demon-revealing mirror, had the whole army beat gongs and wave great banners, and scattered dog's blood so that the two lost their power and died.[^zhwiki] ## In fiction The article also notes that in Journey to the South, also called the Story of the Five Manifestations, Shunfeng'er is a demon subdued by Huaguang together with the White Tiger spirit and Qianliyan. This site lists him as appearing in Investiture of the Gods and Journey to the West, but the sources used here do not describe those episodes.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Shunfeng'er, also written 順風耳[^wikidata] - Kind: water deity, heavenly god, also called the Water Essence General[^wikidata] - Counterpart: Qianliyan[^zhwiki] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]], [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]] /people/shunfeng-er-q10566107.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods and Journey to the West true mythological figure person_cn_q10566629 person ma-daopo-q10566629 马道婆

Ma Daopo is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber, the godmother to whom Jia Baoyu is nominally entrusted, and a woman who follows money. At Concubine Zhao's urging she uses sorcery to harm Baoyu and Wang Xifeng, who are saved by a monk and a Daoist, and in chapter 81 she is caught and handed to the authorities.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10566629 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%81%93%E5%A9%86 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Ma Daopo is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber. Wikidata gives her Chinese name as 马道婆, records her family name as Ma, and lists the variant 馬道婆. Daopo is a term for her station, and no personal name is recorded, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Position and character Chinese Wikipedia says she is the godmother to whom Jia Baoyu is nominally entrusted, and that she is a woman who follows money. Wikidata records her residence as Shenjing, the novel's fictional capital, and the setting as the Reigning Dynasty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The sorcery According to the article, she asks the Lady Dowager to donate five catties of oil each day to light the sea lamps, as a cure for Baoyu, while at the same time plotting with Concubine Zhao to harm Baoyu and Wang Xifeng in secret by sorcery. A monk and a Daoist come to the rescue, and so Baoyu and Xifeng escape the disaster.[^zhwiki] ## Exposure The article says that in chapter 81 her deeds come to light, and she is seized by the injured party and sent to the authorities.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Ma Daopo, also written 馬道婆[^wikidata] - Role: godmother to whom Jia Baoyu is nominally entrusted[^zhwiki] - Residence: Shenjing, the novel's fictional capital[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the Reigning Dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]] /people/ma-daopo-q10566629.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q10567374 person lingguan-q10567374 龄官

Lingguan is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the twelve girl actresses in the Jia family's private Kunqu troupe, and the one given the most space among those twelve. She is the best singer, headstrong, and close to Jia Qiang, and the scene of her writing the character for Qiang is a classic episode of the novel.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10567374 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BE%84%E5%AE%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Lingguan is a character in the Qing novel Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the twelve girl actresses of the Jia family's private Kunqu troupe, and the one given the most space among the twelve officials of the troupe. Wikidata and Chinese Wikipedia both name her Lingguan, with the variant 齡官, and the novel gives her no other name, so the title is unchanged.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the troupe Wikidata records her occupation as actor and her residence as Lixiang Yuan, a courtyard of the Rongguo house. In the article's account, when the Jia household built the Grand View Garden, Jia Qiang was sent to Suzhou and bought twelve girls, who lived in Lixiang Yuan and formed a household troupe. Lingguan was the best singer of the twelve. When the Imperial Consort visited her family she chose four plays, particularly admired Lingguan, let her choose two more, and gave rewards. She later summoned Lingguan to perform in the palace.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Temperament The article stresses her strong character. When extra plays were added for the visit, Jia Qiang, who managed the troupe, had her perform the scenes Strolling in the Garden and Waking from the Dream, but she insisted on the pieces of her own line, A Meeting by Appointment and A Quarrel. When the consort summoned the troupe to the palace she did not sing, saying her voice was hoarse. When Jia Baoyu came wanting to hear her sing a piece from The Peony Pavilion, the other actresses smiled and gave him a seat, but when he sat beside Lingguan she rose and moved away and refused him sternly, a rare snub for him. Jia Qiang spent one tael and eight mace of silver on a bird to cheer her up, and she rebuked him, saying she was like a caged bird without freedom, and called the Jia house a pit of confinement. Seen through Baoyu's eyes, she is slight, with a sorrowful look about the brows, graceful and "very much like Lin Daiyu".[^zhwiki] ## With Jia Qiang Lingguan was close to Jia Qiang. The article tells how, under the scorching sun of the fifth month, she crouched beneath a rose trellis, weeping and writing the character for "Qiang" over and over on the ground with a hairpin. The scene touched the watching Baoyu and showed him that not every girl's heart is set on him alone.[^zhwiki] ## The troupe disbanded When the Imperial Dowager Consort died, performances were banned across the country for a year, and the Jia house disbanded the troupe. Some of the twelve stayed and some were taken home by their parents. The article notes that Lingguan's name is not among those who stayed.[^zhwiki] ## Assessment According to the article, the Zhiyan zhai commentary disliked her insistence on performing her own role and called her affected and bossy. Later readers are mostly positive. Yu Pingbo, for example, summed her up as stubborn, obstinate, devoted and eccentric, and praised her strong resistance despite her low rank. The episode of her writing the character for Qiang was once included in a Beijing senior high school Chinese textbook, and the writer Wang Meng praised it as written like a modern Western short story.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Lingguan, also written 齡官[^wikidata] - Occupation: actor, an actress of the Jia family troupe[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Residence: Lixiang Yuan[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the Reigning Dynasty of the novel[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]] /people/lingguan-q10567374.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q1057244 person zhou-shan-q1057244 周善

Zhou Shan is a fictional character invented for Romance of the Three Kingdoms, with no historical counterpart. In the novel he is a household general of Sun Quan, sent to Jingzhou to bring Lady Sun back to Wu, and he is killed by Zhang Fei when the party is intercepted in chapter 61.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057244 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%96%84 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Zhou Shan is an invented character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that no such person existed in history. Wikidata and Chinese Wikipedia both name him Zhou Shan, so the title is unchanged.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel According to the Chinese Wikipedia article, he followed Sun Ce from childhood and, after Sun Ce's death, followed Sun Quan as one of his household generals. When Liu Bei entered western Shu, Zhou Shan was ordered to Jingzhou to bring Lady Sun, Sun Shangxiang, back to Wu. On the way he was intercepted by Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun and killed by Zhang Fei. The article cites chapter 61 of the novel, in which Zhao Yun cuts off the river crossing to recover Adou and Sun Quan sends a letter to turn back Cao Cao.[^zhwiki] ## What Wikidata records Wikidata lists his occupation as military officer, his allegiance as the Sun Quan of the novel, his manner of death as homicide, his killer as the Zhang Fei of the novel, his place of death as the novel's Jingzhou, and the setting as the novel's country of Han.[^wikidata] ## Basic facts - Name: Zhou Shan[^wikidata] - Role: fictional character, subordinate general of Sun Quan[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Manner of death: killed by Zhang Fei[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Setting recorded on this entry: Han[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/zhou-shan-q1057244.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1057356 person misty-q1057356 小霞

Misty (Japanese Kasumi, Chinese Xiaoxia) is a fictional character of the Pokémon franchise and the female lead of the original Pokémon anime series. She dreams of becoming the greatest water-type Pokémon trainer and is a gym leader of Cerulean City.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057356 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%9C%9E 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Misty is a fictional character of the Japanese Pokémon franchise. Her Japanese name is Kasumi, and her Chinese name is Xiaoxia (小霞). Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article on 小霞 both describe this character, not a figure of Dream of the Red Chamber, and 小霞 is simply her usual Chinese rendering, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Overview Chinese Wikipedia says Misty is a fictional character of the Pokémon anime and the female lead of its original series. Her dream is to become the greatest water-type Pokémon trainer in the world, so her Pokémon are mostly water types, among them Staryu, Psyduck and Corsola. The article notes that in Western countries her name was changed to Misty Williams. Wikidata records her as a Pokémon trainer and a gym leader, names Satoshi Tajiri as her creator, and lists several games in which she appears, including Pokémon Red and Green, Gold and Silver, FireRed and LeafGreen, HeartGold and SoulSilver, and Let's Go, Pikachu! and Let's Go, Eevee!. Its voice actor field lists Ayane Sakura and Rachael Lillis.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the anime The article describes her as the first female lead of the Pokémon anime, lively and somewhat tsundere, who calls herself a world-class beauty and is the youngest of the four beautiful sisters of Cerulean City. The three older sisters are Daisy, Violet and Lily. She has some feeling for Ash, but quarrels with him constantly on the road. She is sharp-tongued and soft-hearted. She likes water-type Pokémon and dislikes bug types, and she regards Gyarados as a natural enemy because as a child she once put her head into a Gyarados's mouth and nearly got swallowed. She is gentle with Togepi like a mother and very close to Pikachu.[^zhwiki] ## Journey and gym According to the article, she first appears fishing by a stream in Viridian Forest, when her bicycle is borrowed by Ash, who is anxious about Pikachu's injury, and then electrified to ruin by Pikachu, so she travels with Ash. At the Cerulean Gym she admits she is the youngest of the four sisters and takes Ash's gym battle in place of her sisters, who did not want to fight, until Team Rocket interrupts. After the Silver Conference she is told that her sisters have gone travelling and want her to take over the gym, so she parts from Ash and Brock there. She is later invited to the Hoenn region because of Togepi, and in Sun and Moon she returns as a guest instructor, meets Ash again, and battles him at her gym.[^zhwiki] ## Her Pokémon The Pokémon listed in the article include Goldeen, Staryu, Starmie and Horsea, her first ones. Psyduck first appears in episode 27 and was caught by accident. It cannot swim and unleashes psychic powers when its head aches. Togepi is the only non-water type she owns, and in the anime it evolves and leaves her. A Poliwag and its evolutions are also listed. The article adds that she later catches a Gyarados at a broadcasting station.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Misty, Japanese Kasumi, Chinese 小霞[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Roles: Pokémon trainer, gym leader[^wikidata] - Creator: Satoshi Tajiri (Wikidata creator field)[^wikidata] - Universe: the Pokémon franchise[^wikidata] /people/misty-q1057356.html en zh en Character in Dream of the Red Chamber true literary character person_cn_q1057885 person qin-ming-q1057885 秦明

Qin Ming is a character in Water Margin, one of the 108 Liangshan heroes, matched with the Heavenly Fierce Star, nicknamed Thunderbolt, who wields a spiked club and ranks third of the Five Tiger Generals of the cavalry. A commander at Qingzhou driven onto Liangshan by Song Jiang's scheme, he is killed in the campaign against Fang La when Fang Jie unseats him in Qingxi County.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057885 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%98%8E 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Qin Ming is a character in the classical novel Water Margin. Wikidata's Chinese label is 秦明, with the family name Qin and the given name Ming, and the Chinese Wikipedia article uses the same name, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata gives his birthplace as Kaizhou and the setting as the Great Song, and records his death year as 1120 within the story.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Character and nickname Chinese Wikipedia calls him one of the 108 Liangshan heroes, matched with the Heavenly Fierce Star, third of the Five Tiger Generals of the cavalry, and a fighter with a spiked club. Because he is hot-tempered and fierce, roars so as to shake the sky, and likes a red helmet and red robe, he is nicknamed Thunderbolt. The article says that Huang Xin, of the Earthly Fiend stars, is his disciple and that he often leads the charge in the Liangshan army, one of the heroes who has taken part in the most duels. Wikidata lists his occupation as military officer and records forms of address such as Commander Qin and Director Qin.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Driven to Liangshan The article says that his family came from Kaizhou beyond the mountains and that he was commander of the Qingzhou military office. Learning that Hua Rong had rebelled, he led five hundred men himself to seize him and fought forty or fifty rounds without result, but being bold without strategy he fell into a pit and was captured. Even then he refused to submit. Song Jiang, who knew his valor, wanted him as a general and, with Hua Rong and others, devised a plot that led Murong Yanda, the prefect of Qingzhou, to believe Qin Ming had gone over to Liangshan and to kill his whole family. Qin Ming flew into a rage, joined Song Jiang, swore revenge and took part in the capture of Qingzhou. Hua Rong, guilty about it, gave Qin Ming his sister as wife, and Song Jiang and the others comforted him generously, so he put the grievance aside. Wikidata also lists two spouses for him, his first wife and the sister of Hua Rong.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Deeds on Liangshan On Liangshan he won repeated merit with his club in a series of battles including those against the Zhu family estate and Gaotang. When Guan Sheng led an army against Liangshan, Qin Ming captured Xuan Zan alive, which forced Guan Sheng to submit. At the great ranking he stood seventh and third of the Five Tiger Generals. He later accepted the court's amnesty with the other heroes and took part in the campaigns against the Liao, Wang Qing, Tian Hu and Fang La.[^zhwiki] ## Death in the Fang La campaign In the southern campaign he killed the enemy general Feng Yi with a hammer, among other feats. Near the end, on the border of Qingxi County, he met Fang La's nephew Fang Jie and others. He fought dozens of rounds against Fang Jie's halberd without a result, until the enemy general Du Wei threw a flying knife to distract him, and Fang Jie thrust him from his horse and killed him. Song Jiang grieved that the veteran fell just as the war was ending and the army about to return in triumph, and after his memorial in the capital the court posthumously gave Qin Ming the rank of Zhongwu Lang. Wikidata likewise records Fang Jie as his killer, Qingxi County as the place of death and injury as the cause.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Old judgments The article quotes a few older remarks. Jin Shengtan puts Qin Ming and Suo Chao among the upper-middle figures. Li Zhuowu says that men like Qin Ming and Huyan Zhuo were forced by circumstances and lured into the band by Song Jiang and should not all be called robbers, though he adds that anyone who cannot give his life for benevolence and righteousness is a robber. Yu Xiangdou says Qin Ming, in rushing out of the prefecture to seize Hua Rong, showed more courage than Liu Gao.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Qin Ming[^wikidata] - Nickname: Thunderbolt; star: Heavenly Fierce Star[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Birthplace: Kaizhou[^wikidata] - Died: 1120 (Wikidata, within the story)[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: the Great Song[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]] /people/qin-ming-q1057885.html en zh en Character in Water Margin true literary character person_cn_q1061289 person king-wu-zhou-q1061289 周武王

Ji Fa, known as King Wu of Zhou, founded the Western Zhou and was its first Son of Heaven, the second son of King Wen and Tai Si. He defeated the last Shang king at the Battle of Muye, ended Shang and founded Zhou, and died not long afterwards, to be succeeded by his son King Cheng.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061289 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Ji Fa was the founder of the Western Zhou and its first Son of Heaven, generally called King Wu of Zhou, where Wu is a posthumous title. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that his surname was Ji and his given name Fa. Wikidata lists Ji Fa among his Chinese aliases and gives Ji Fa as an English alias, so the title is Ji Fa. He was the second son by the main wife of the Count of the West Chang, later honored as King Wen, and Tai Si, and his chief wife was Yi Jiang.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The fall of Shang Chinese Wikipedia says he carried out King Wen's wish and marched east against Shang around the middle of the eleventh century BC. Around the eleventh year of his mandate the last Shang king, Di Xin, had worn out the state by repeated wars against the eastern and southeastern peoples. Ji Fa judged the time ripe, allied with the Yong, Shu, Qiang, Mao, Lu, Peng and Pu peoples, and personally led three hundred chariots, three thousand elite guards and forty-five thousand armored soldiers against Zhaoge, the secondary Shang capital, and fought at Muye. The article cites the Book of Documents line on blood floating pestles, and the Lunheng's doubts about it. The Shang troops turned their weapons around on the field, the king burned himself on the Deer Terrace, and Ji Fa cut the body with a battle-axe, which is called the conquest of Yin. The article also sets out scholars' differing views on the turn-about, either slaves hastily armed or a revolt of nobles.[^zhwiki] ## Founding the Zhou After the conquest Ji Fa founded the Zhou and made Haojing his capital. He honored his father the Count of the West as King Wen, reburied Bi Gan, who had been wrongly killed by the Shang king, and freed the imprisoned Jizi. Since the Shang remnants were still strong, he followed a policy of conciliation and enfeoffed the Shang king's son Wu Geng at Yin, then enfeoffed three of his own younger brothers, Guan Shuxian, Cai Shudu and Huo Shuchu, at Guan, Cai and Huo to keep watch over Wu Geng, an arrangement called the Three Overseers. The article adds that he enfeoffed descendants of Shennong, the Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun and the Xia at places such as Jiao, Zhu, Ji, Chen and Qi, and that meritorious followers such as Duke Shao were enfeoffed at Yan and Taigong Wang at Qi. A full enfeoffment system took shape only under King Cheng and the Duke of Zhou's regency.[^zhwiki] ## Death and age The article says he died three years after the conquest, about 1043 BC, and King Cheng succeeded him. He was buried at Bi in the sixth month of the first year, with the Duke of Zhou, Duke Shao and Taigong Wang assisting. The article lists several traditions about his age at death: ninety-four in the current text of the Bamboo Annals, ninety-three in the Book of Rites, more than sixty in the Records of the Grand Historian, fifty-four in the Annotated Bamboo Annals, and forty-five in Tao Hongjing's Zhengao. The article's own estimate, based on King Cheng's age, puts his birth around 1076 BC and his age at thirty-four. Wikidata gives his birth as 1150 BC, which does not agree, so both are noted here without choosing. The article also mentions that the Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project dates his reign to 1046 to 1043 BC and that the Cambridge History of China suggests about 1049 to 1043 BC.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The Ten Ministers and his family The Book of Documents has him say that he has ten ministers of one mind, and later writers use the Ten Ministers for the men who helped him govern. The article lists the Duke of Zhou, Duke Shao, Taigong Wang, Duke Bi Gao, Rong Bo, Tai Dian, Hong Yao, San Yisheng, Nangong Kuo, and the Mother Wen, who is either his mother Tai Si or, on another view, his wife Yi Jiang. Among his family, the article names his wife Yi Jiang, daughter of Lu Shang, Taigong of Qi. King Cheng Song and Tang Shuyu were his sons by Yi Jiang, and further children are Yu Shu, the Marquis of Ying, the Marquis of Han, and his eldest daughter Da Ji, wife of Duke Hu of Chen. His brothers include Bo Yikao, Guan Shuxian, the Duke of Zhou, Cai Shudu and Huo Shuchu.[^zhwiki] ## Variant writing The article notes that in some histories in the Sinitic cultural sphere the name was written as King Hu of Zhou because of taboo avoidance or copying habits. Goryeo works such as the Samguk Yusa and the Jewang Un'gi changed Wu to the homophone Hu to avoid the name of King Hyejong, Wang Mu. Wikidata also keeps the variant forms King Hu of Zhou and King Wu among its aliases.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Ji Fa (surname Ji, given name Fa); posthumous title Wu; generally called King Wu of Zhou[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Parents: King Wen and Tai Si[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Spouse: Yi Jiang[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Died: about 1043 BC[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Dynasty or state: Zhou[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_610000|Shaanxi]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q131914606|King Wu of Zhou]] (character in Investiture of the Gods) /people/king-wu-zhou-q1061289.html en zh en -1042 1042 BC historical figure person_cn_q1062761 person guan-lu-q1062761 管辂

Guan Lu (209–256), courtesy name Gongming, from Pingyuan, was a diviner of Cao Wei known for divination, physiognomy and astronomy. He foretold the deaths of He Yan and Deng Yang, who were killed soon after in the Gaoping Tombs coup, and said himself that he would not live past forty-seven or forty-eight; he died aged forty-eight.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062761 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E8%BC%85 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B729 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 5 Guan Lu was a diviner of Cao Wei. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say that his courtesy name was Gongming and that he came from Pingyuan. Wikidata's Chinese label is 管輅, so the title stays as it was. Wikidata and Chinese Wikipedia both give his life as 209 to 256.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Appearance and temperament Chen Shou writes that he was coarse and ugly in looks, had no dignified bearing and loved wine, and ate, drank and joked without choosing his company, so that people mostly liked him but did not respect him.[^zhengshi] ## Youth The Separate Biography of Guan Lu, quoted in Pei Songzhi's commentary, says that at eight or nine he loved to look up at the stars, asked everyone for their names and would not sleep at night, and that his parents' bans could not stop him. He said that though he was small his eyes liked to watch the heavens, and that household chickens and wild swans know the hour, so why not people. He drew the sky, sun, moon and stars in the dirt with the children next door. The biography adds that at fifteen he went to study at his father's post in Jiqiu in Langye. The governor Shan Zichun gathered more than a hundred guests to meet the boy. Guan Lu first asked for three measures of clear wine, then argued with the whole company, answering every challenge with something to spare, and Shan Zichun praised the grandeur of his speech, so that Xuzhou began to call him a prodigy. As an adult he mastered the Book of Changes and was skilled at reading the sky, wind-augury, divination and physiognomy, and the biography calls him generous and inclined to return kindness for injury.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Prophecies The Records tell of several of his predictions. His father served as an official at Licao, where the three Guo En brothers were all lame and asked him to divine the cause. Guan Lu said that the hexagram showed a family grave with a woman's ghost, an aunt who had been thrown down a well for a few measures of grain, and the brothers wept and confessed. Liu Fenglin's wife in Guangping was dying and a coffin had been bought. Guan Lu said her fate would come at noon on the xinmao day in the eighth month, and so it did. When Wang Ji, governor of Anping, asked him to divine three omens, he said they were the mischief of old goblins in a house, not an evil sign, and no harm followed. When women in the household of the magistrate of Xindu were sick with fright, he pointed to the bones of two dead men in the wall of the north hall, and they recovered once the bones were moved. Travelling west with the army he passed the Guanqiu Jian tomb, leaned on a tree and sighed, saying that by the rules of geomancy the family was due to be wiped out within two years, and the Records say it came about as he said. When the governor of Qinghe asked him about rain during a drought, he said it would rain that night, and in spite of a dry day heavy rain fell at night.[^zhengshi] ## Foretelling the death of He Yan and Deng Yang He Yan invited him, with Deng Yang present. He Yan asked whether he would rise to the highest ministers, and about a dream of dozens of blue flies settling on his nose and refusing to leave. Guan Lu answered that He Yan's rank was as heavy as a mountain and his power like thunder, yet few were grateful and many were afraid, which was not the way to much blessing; that the nose is the mountain at the center of the face, and that foul flies gathering on it were a warning to think of rise and fall. He urged him to follow King Wen's lines and Confucius's judgments, and then the highest office could be won and the flies driven off. Deng Yang called this an old scholar's commonplace, and Guan Lu replied that the old scholar sees what is not born and the commonplace sees what is not spoken. He Yan said they would meet again after the new year. Guan Lu told his uncle, who rebuked him for speaking so sharply, and Guan Lu said, "Why fear to speak to dead men?" After the new year came the news that He Yan and Deng Yang had been executed, and his uncle then gave way. This corresponds to the Gaoping Tombs coup of the tenth year of Zhengshi.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Death In the second year of Zhengyuan his younger brother Guan Chen asked whether the regent's good treatment meant wealth was coming. Guan Lu sighed that Heaven had given him intelligence but not years, that he feared he would not live past forty-seven or forty-eight, and that he was likely to govern ghosts on Mount Tai rather than the living. That year in the eighth month he became deputy of the Ministry of the Privy Purse, and he died in the second month of the following year at the age of forty-eight. Chen Shou places him in the same fascicle as Hua Tuo, Du Kui, Zhu Jianping and Zhou Xuan, and Chinese Wikipedia quotes Chen Shou's praise of these men for their mysterious skill and extraordinary art.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Guan Lu, courtesy name Gongming[^zhengshi] - Origin: Pingyuan[^zhengshi] - Life: 209 to 256[^wikidata] - Occupation: diviner[^zhwiki] - Family: younger brothers Guan Chen and Guan Jiru, cousin Guan Xiaoguo[^zhwiki] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_371426|Pingyuan County]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124359954|管辂]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/guan-lu-q1062761.html en zh en 209 209 256 256 historical figure person_cn_q1062887 person mao-jie-q1062887 毛玠

Mao Jie (died 216), courtesy name Xiaoxian, from Pingqiu in Chenliu, was an adviser and selecting official under Cao Cao at the end of the Han. He urged Cao Cao to receive the emperor, promote farming and store supplies, then with Cui Yan ran appointments and was known for his integrity. In 216 he was jailed on a charge of slander and, after Huan Jie and He Qia pleaded for him, was only dismissed, dying at home soon afterwards.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062887 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E7%8E%A0 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B712 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Mao Jie was an adviser and selecting official under Cao Cao at the end of the Eastern Han. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Xiaoxian and that he came from Pingqiu in Chenliu. Wikidata's label is the same, so the title stays as it was. Wikidata records his death in 216, and Chinese Wikipedia says he was born in the second century with no exact year.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Early years and advice The Records say that as a young man he served as a county clerk and was known for incorruptibility. He meant to flee the troubles to Jingzhou but, hearing on the way that Liu Biao's orders were unclear, went to Luyang instead. When Cao Cao took charge of Yan province, he called Mao Jie as chief of the records. Mao Jie told Cao Cao that the realm was breaking apart, the sovereign had been moved, people had lost their livelihoods, the state had no reserve for even a year and the people had no settled purpose, so this could not last. Yuan Shao and Liu Biao, though they had many soldiers and subjects, had no far-sighted plan and had not laid a foundation. He advised receiving the Son of Heaven to command those who would not submit, promoting farming and storing supplies, so that the work of a hegemon could be completed. Cao Cao respected the advice, adopted it and made him a senior clerk of his headquarters.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Running appointments Later, as aide of the Eastern Bureau in the Ministry of Works, he and Cui Yan ran the selection of officials, and everyone they recommended was honest and upright, while men with a fine name but bad conduct were passed over. He himself was incorruptible and it set a tone, so even favored ministers dared not dress or ride too lavishly. Cao Cao praised him, saying that if people were chosen like this and the world governed itself, there would be nothing left for him to do. Cao Pi, then Commander of the Five Offices, visited him in person and asked him to look after a relative. Mao Jie replied that he had avoided guilt only by keeping to his duty, that the man named lacked the qualification to be promoted, and that he did not dare obey. When the army returned to Ye and the staff was to be reduced, some who feared him wanted to abolish his Eastern Bureau on the ground that by old rule it ranked below the Western Bureau, but Cao Cao said that sun and moon both rise in the east, so why abolish the east, and abolished the Western Bureau instead. After Cao Cao's northern campaign took Liucheng, he picked an ancient plain screen and an ancient plain armrest from the spoils and gave them to Mao Jie, who he thought had the bearing of the ancients.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## The Wei state and the succession In 213, when Cao Cao became Duke of Wei and set up the state of Wei, Mao Jie became the senior secretary of the masters of writing and again had charge of selection. Cao Zhi was then Cao Cao's favorite, and Mao Jie privately cautioned that Yuan Shao had ruined himself by not distinguishing heirs by main wife and concubine, and that to depose and install an heir was a grave matter he did not want to hear of. Later at a gathering of officials, when Mao Jie left to relieve himself, Cao Cao watched him go and said this was what the ancients called the upright minister of the state, his own Zhou Chang.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Prison and death In 216 Cui Yan was accused of proud and resentful words, angered Cao Cao and was ordered to commit suicide, and Mao Jie was deeply unhappy about it. Someone then reported that Mao Jie, on seeing a man tattooed for treason whose wife and children had been taken into official servitude, had said that this was probably why Heaven sent no rain, and the remark was called slander of Cao Cao. Cao Cao flew into a rage and had him jailed. Zhong Yao questioned him at length about the ancient practice of punishing a man's family, and demanded when, to whom and where he had spoken. Mao Jie replied by citing Xiao Wangzhi, Bai Qi, Chao Cuo and Wu Yuan as men who were killed through envy or slander, said that in youth he had been a clerk, had held a post in the central secretariat for a long time, had refused every request made through private favor however powerful the person, and that the slanderous men were like flies acting without cause, and asked, as Wangshu Chensheng once did before Fan Xuanzi, to be confronted with his accuser. With Huan Jie and He Qia pleading, he was only dismissed. He later died at home, and Cao Cao gave a coffin and silk and made his son Mao Ji a gentleman of the palace.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Character and judgments Chinese Wikipedia says he was known for incorruptibility and lived plainly even at the height of favor, wearing cloth and eating vegetables, raising his dead brother's son as his own and often helping poor relatives, so that his house had nothing left over. The article quotes Chen Shou's verdict that he walked in purity and fairness, as well as Cao Cao's words that he was the upright minister of the state, the Biographies of Former Worthies' account of him choosing the honest and dismissing the showy and flattering, a remark of Fu Xian that Cao Cao once sighed that his own laws were not equal to Minister Mao's, and Liang Qichao's use of Mao Jie and Cui Yan as an example of the old way of choosing officials.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Mao Jie, courtesy name Xiaoxian[^zhengshi] - Origin: Pingqiu in Chenliu[^zhengshi] - Died: 216[^wikidata] - Offices: chief of the records, aide of the Eastern Bureau, senior secretary of the masters of writing, among others[^zhengshi] - Family: son Mao Ji[^zhwiki] - Dynasty or state: Eastern Han[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_410727|Fengqiu County]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123702748|毛玠]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/mao-jie-q1062887.html en zh en 216 216 historical figure person_cn_q106310923 person yunxiao-niangniang-q106310923 云霄娘娘

Yunxiao Niangniang is one of the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island in Investiture of the Gods and a sister of Zhao Gongming, who with Bixiao and Qiongxiao is known as the Three Xiao Ladies. She helps her brother in the war, sets up the Nine-Bend Yellow River Formation, and is defeated by Taishang Laojun and Yuanshi Tianzun, after which she is enthroned as a goddess.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106310923 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E9%9C%84%E5%A8%98%E5%A8%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Yunxiao Niangniang is a character in Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata classes her as a goddess, as part of the group of the Three Xiao Ladies, with the novel's fictional Jiejiao as her religion and Sanxian Island as her residence. Yunxiao Niangniang is the form of address used in the book and no other name is recorded, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## One of the three ladies The Chinese Wikipedia character list for Investiture of the Gods gives Yunxiao, Bixiao and Qiongxiao a single entry, calling them the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island and sisters of Zhao Gongming. Wikidata lists Bixiao Niangniang, Qiongxiao Niangniang and Zhao Gongming as her siblings.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the war of investiture According to the article, Zhao Gongming's own magic treasure was taken from him and he came to his sisters to borrow the Golden Scissors. Yunxiao did not want everyone drawn into the war of investiture, but she feared her two younger sisters would act without judgment, and in the end all three sisters took part. Their Golden Scissors and the Hunyuan Golden Dipper were powerful treasures, and the Nine-Bend Yellow River Formation they laid even captured the twelve immortals of the Chan sect, but they were still no match for Taishang Laojun and Yuanshi Tianzun, and were defeated and killed.[^zhwiki] ## Enthronement The article says that after death the three were made gods under the title Immortal Ladies Who Respond to the World, who keep the Hunyuan Golden Dipper and oversee the cycle of rebirth. It also mentions that Hanzhi Xian and Caiyun Xianzi joined the Three Xiao Ladies in taking vengeance for Zhao Gongming and helping Wen Zhong's army against Xiqi.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Yunxiao Niangniang, also written 雲霄娘娘[^wikidata] - Kind: goddess, one of the Three Xiao Ladies[^wikidata] - Religion and residence: Jiejiao, Sanxian Island[^wikidata] - Siblings: Zhao Gongming, Bixiao Niangniang, Qiongxiao Niangniang[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]] /people/yunxiao-niangniang-q106310923.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods true mythological figure person_cn_q106310988 person bixiao-niangniang-q106310988 碧霄娘娘

Bixiao Niangniang is one of the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island in Investiture of the Gods, a sister of Zhao Gongming, and a member of the Three Xiao Ladies with Yunxiao and Qiongxiao. Wikidata records her as a deity who died in battle; in the book the three sisters are defeated and then made gods.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106310988 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%A7%E9%9C%84%E5%A8%98%E5%A8%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Bixiao Niangniang is a character in Investiture of the Gods. The Chinese Wikipedia character list also writes her name as 碧宵娘娘, while Wikidata's Chinese label is 碧霄娘娘. This is the form of address used in the book and no other name is recorded, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Among the three ladies Wikidata records her as a deity belonging to the group of the Three Xiao Ladies, with Sanxian Island as her residence and the Investiture of the Gods universe as her world. It lists Yunxiao Niangniang and Zhao Gongming as her siblings and gives her manner of death as death in battle. The Chinese Wikipedia list puts her in one entry with Yunxiao and Qiongxiao, calling them the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island and sisters of Zhao Gongming.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The war and its end According to the list, when Zhao Gongming's treasure was taken from him he borrowed the Golden Scissors from his three sisters, and all three finally entered the war of investiture. Their Golden Scissors and the Hunyuan Golden Dipper were powerful, and the Nine-Bend Yellow River Formation they laid captured the twelve immortals of the Chan sect, but they could not stand against Taishang Laojun and Yuanshi Tianzun and were defeated and killed. The list adds that after death the three were made gods under the title Immortal Ladies Who Respond to the World, keeping the Hunyuan Golden Dipper and overseeing rebirth. The sources give no separate account of Bixiao Niangniang's own fighting, so no detailed episodes are told here.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Bixiao Niangniang, also written 碧宵娘娘 in the list[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Kind: deity, one of the Three Xiao Ladies[^wikidata] - Residence: Sanxian Island[^wikidata] - Siblings: Yunxiao Niangniang, Zhao Gongming[^wikidata] - Manner of death: death in battle[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]] /people/bixiao-niangniang-q106310988.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods true mythological figure person_cn_q106310989 person qiongxiao-niangniang-q106310989 琼霄娘娘

Qiongxiao Niangniang is one of the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island in Investiture of the Gods, a sister of Zhao Gongming, and a member of the Three Xiao Ladies with Yunxiao and Bixiao. Wikidata records her as a deity of Chinese mythology in charge of childbirth, who died in battle at the hands of Baihe Tongzi.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106310989 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E9%9C%84%E5%A8%98%E5%A8%98 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Qiongxiao Niangniang is a character in Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata's Chinese label is 琼霄娘娘, while the Chinese Wikipedia character list writes 瓊宵娘娘. This is the form of address used in the book and no other name is recorded, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Divine office and the recorded facts Wikidata records her as a deity belonging to the group of the Three Xiao Ladies, worshipped within Chinese mythology, with childbirth as her domain, and its English description calls her a Chinese goddess of childbirth. It lists Zhao Gongming and Yunxiao Niangniang as her siblings, gives her manner of death as death in battle, and names Baihe Tongzi as her killer; Baihe Tongzi is described there as a page serving in Yuxu Palace.[^wikidata] ## The story of the three ladies The Chinese Wikipedia character list puts her in one entry with Yunxiao and Bixiao, calling them the three immortal ladies of Sanxian Island and sisters of Zhao Gongming. Zhao Gongming's own treasure was taken from him, and he borrowed the Golden Scissors from the sisters, who then all joined the war of investiture. With the Golden Scissors and the Hunyuan Golden Dipper, two powerful treasures, they laid the Nine-Bend Yellow River Formation, which captured the twelve immortals of the Chan sect, but they could not stand against Taishang Laojun and Yuanshi Tianzun and were defeated and killed. The list says that after death they were made gods under the title Immortal Ladies Who Respond to the World, keeping the Hunyuan Golden Dipper and overseeing rebirth. The list does not narrate Qiongxiao Niangniang's own fighting, so who killed her is given here only as Wikidata records it, alongside the list's account of the general outcome.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Qiongxiao Niangniang, also written 瓊宵娘娘 in the list[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Kind: deity, one of the Three Xiao Ladies, goddess of childbirth[^wikidata] - Siblings: Zhao Gongming, Yunxiao Niangniang[^wikidata] - Manner of death: death in battle, killed by Baihe Tongzi[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]] /people/qiongxiao-niangniang-q106310989.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods true mythological figure person_cn_q106371734 person princess-longji-q106371734 龙吉公主

Princess Longji is a character in Investiture of the Gods, the daughter of the Hao Heaven Lord and the Golden Mother of the Jade Pool, who was banished to the Qingluan Douque on Phoenix Mountain after a lapse at the Peach Banquet. She helps the Zhou camp defeat Luo Xuan, marries Hong Jin, is struck down in the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation and killed, and is made the Red Phoenix Star.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106371734 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E5%90%89%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%BB 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Princess Longji is a character in Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives her Chinese name as 龍吉公主 and an English alias, Longji Princess, and the Chinese Wikipedia character list uses the same name. This is the form of address used in the book and no other name is recorded, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Origin and banishment The Chinese Wikipedia character list says she is a daughter of the Hao Heaven Lord and the Golden Mother of the Jade Pool. At the Peach Banquet in one year she was serving wine, broke the rules and let her thoughts turn to the mortal world, and for that she was banished to the Qingluan Douque on Phoenix Mountain. Wikidata gives that building as her residence and describes her as a goddess.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Helping the Zhou camp In the list's account, when Luo Xuan set fire to Xiqi with his Ten-Thousand-Mile Smoke-Cloud treasure, Princess Longji came to help. She released water with her Mist and Dew Net to take in all the smoke, took Luo Xuan's Five-Dragon Wheel with her Four Seas Bottle, and cut down his mount with her Twin-Dragon Sword, so that Luo Xuan fled. In the entry on Liu Huan the list adds that Liu Huan was killed by her Twin-Dragon Sword. Facing the garrison commander Hong Jin at Sanshan Pass, she captured him with treasures such as the Dragon-Binding Rope. The Old Man under the Moon said the two were fated to marry. She thought it an ill-fated match, but she married Hong Jin anyway. After that husband and wife fought side by side. She wounded Kong Xuan with the Phoenix Sword, and she broke Hu Lei's substitute trick with the Heaven-and-Earth Needle so that his head could fall. The list notes that she and Deng Chanyu were the only two women commanders in the Zhou camp.[^zhwiki] ## The end in the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation The list says that in the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation she wounded several immortals with her White Light Sword but was struck on the crown by Jinling Shengmu's Four Images Pagoda, fell from her horse, was killed by the crowd of immortals, and was finally made the Red Phoenix Star. Wikidata likewise gives her manner of death as death in battle and her spouse as Hong Jin, but it records Tongguan as her place of death, which does not agree with the formation named in the list. The sources do not reconcile the two, so both are stated here.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Princess Longji, also written 龍吉公主[^wikidata] - Status: daughter of the Hao Heaven Lord and the Golden Mother of the Jade Pool, a goddess[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Residence: Qingluan Douque[^wikidata] - Spouse: Hong Jin[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Manner of death: death in battle[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]] /people/princess-longji-q106371734.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods true mythological figure person_cn_q1064059 person queen-mother-west-q1064059 西王母

The Queen Mother of the West is a goddess of Chinese mythology and folk belief and a female immortal of Daoism, who dwells at the Jade Pool on Mount Kunlun, paired with the King Father of the East. In the Classic of Mountains and Seas she is a leopard-tailed, tiger-toothed deity of plague, in the Story of King Mu she exchanges songs with King Mu of Zhou at the Jade Pool, and by the Inner Biography of Emperor Wu of Han she is a woman of unmatched beauty who keeps the peaches and the elixir of immortality.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064059 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%8B%E6%AF%8D 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 The Queen Mother of the West is a goddess of Chinese mythology and folk belief and a female immortal of Daoism. She has many names, among them Wangmu Niangniang, Jinmu, the Golden Mother of the Jade Pool, and Jinmu Yuanjun. These are titles. The sources disagree about her personal name, and there is no single recorded name, so the title stays as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Names and conflicting accounts Chinese Wikipedia lists many of her names and honorific titles and cites the Tang writer Duan Chengshi's Youyang Zazu, which says that the Queen Mother of the West was surnamed Yang and named Hui, ruled the northwest corner of Kunlun and died on a dingchou day, with another account giving the name Wanjin. It also cites Du Guangting's Yongcheng Jixian Lu, which calls her the Golden Mother of Turtle Mountain, born at Yichuan in the divine continent and surnamed Gou. The two accounts do not agree, so both are given and neither is chosen. Wikidata classes her as a goddess, a Daoist deity and a mythical character, and also records her as a character in several television productions.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the Classic of Mountains and Seas The article says that the term Western Mother already appears in Shang oracle inscriptions, and the scholar Chen Mengjia took it to mean her. In the Classic of Mountains and Seas the Queen Mother of the West looks like a person but has a leopard's tail and tiger's teeth, whistles, has tangled hair and wears a headdress, and is the deity in charge of the heavenly plague and the five afflictions. She dwells on Jade Mountain and is fed by three blue birds. The article notes that by the first century AD her image had left the original monstrous form and turned into that of a noblewoman.[^zhwiki] ## With King Mu, Yi and Emperor Wu The Story of King Mu records that King Mu of Zhou travelled west, presented a white jade tablet, a black jade disc and brocade, and was received by the Queen Mother of the West, who bowed twice and accepted. She feasted him at the Jade Pool and the two exchanged songs. She sang that if he did not die he might yet come again, and described herself as a daughter of the Lord of Heaven who lives among tigers and leopards with magpies for company. The Huainanzi says that Yi begged her for the elixir of immortality and that his wife Heng'e stole it and fled to the moon. From the Eastern Han on, the Story of Emperor Wu of Han and the Inner Biography of Emperor Wu of Han tell how the emperor awaited her on the seventh day of the seventh month and she came in a purple-cloud carriage and gave him seven immortal peaches, the pan peaches, said to bear fruit only once in three thousand years. The article says the Inner Biography is the first to describe her unmatched beauty, as a woman who looked about thirty.[^zhwiki] ## Place in Daoism The article says that as Daoism rose, her rank was raised. Accounts from the Eastern Jin on make her the Nine-Light Dark Lady born of the Primal Heavenly King and the Supreme Mother, counterpart of the King Father of the East, the pair being called Wood Lord and Metal Mother, with authority over all women who have attained immortality. The half-beast form with a tiger's head and leopard's tail is said, as the article cites it, not to be her true form but that of the White Tiger spirit of the west, her messenger.[^zhwiki] ## In the novels This site lists her as appearing in Investiture of the Gods and Journey to the West. Wikidata also records her as a character in several television productions, including New Legend of Madame White Snake and several versions of Journey to the West. The sources used here do not describe her episodes in the two novels.[^wikidata] ## Basic facts - Form of address: Queen Mother of the West, also called Wangmu Niangniang, the Golden Mother of the Jade Pool, Jinmu Yuanjun and others[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Kind: goddess, Daoist deity, mythical character[^wikidata] - Dwelling: the Jade Pool on Mount Kunlun[^zhwiki] - Counterpart: the King Father of the East[^zhwiki] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]], [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]] /people/queen-mother-west-q1064059.html en zh en Character in Investiture of the Gods and Journey to the West true mythological figure person_cn_q1064069 person lady-gan-q1064069 昭烈皇后

Gan Mei (died 210), by the Chinese Wikipedia account of the Gan family and given name Mei, came from Pei and was taken as a concubine by Liu Bei at Xiaopei, bearing the later ruler Liu Shan. She was saved by Zhao Yun at Changban, was buried in Nan commandery, and was posthumously titled Empress Zhaolie at Zhuge Liang's request, to be buried with Liu Bei.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064069 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E7%83%88%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E_(%E8%9C%80%E6%BC%A2) zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B734 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 5 Gan Mei was a concubine of Liu Bei and the mother of Liu Shan, later honored as Empress Zhaolie. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say only that the First Lord's Empress Gan was from Pei, and give no personal name for her. The opening of the Chinese Wikipedia article says that she was of the Gan family and named Mei, and notes that the Gazetteer of Kuizhou Prefecture gives the name Gan Mei. This name appears in a local gazetteer and not in the standard history, so it is used here as the article records it, with that qualification stated first. Wikidata's Chinese label is 昭烈皇后, with Lady Gan as an alias, and it records her death in 210 and birthplace Pei County. Zhaolie is a posthumous title and Lady Gan is a kin form of address, so neither is a personal name.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Taken as a concubine The Records say that when Liu Bei was governor of Yu province and stayed at Xiaopei, he took her as a concubine. Liu Bei lost his principal wives several times, and she often managed the household. She followed him to Jingzhou and bore the later ruler Liu Shan. The article dates Liu Shan's birth to the twelfth year of Jian'an, 207.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Changban at Dangyang When Cao Cao's army caught up with Liu Bei at Changban in Dangyang, the situation was desperate and Liu Bei abandoned her and the infant, and they were saved only through the protection of Zhao Yun.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Death and posthumous titles The Records say that she later died and was buried in Nan commandery. In the second year of Zhangwu, 222, she was posthumously titled Lady Huangsi, and was to be moved to Shu, but Liu Bei died at Baidi before her coffin arrived. The chancellor Zhuge Liang submitted that Lady Huangsi had conducted herself with virtue and cultivated and guarded her person, that by the principle of the Spring and Autumn Annals a mother is honored through her son, and, citing precedents such as the high emperor's honoring of his mother and Emperor He's reburial of Lady Liang, proposed with Lai Gong, the minister of ceremonies, the title Empress Zhaolie under the rules for posthumous names, and asked that she be buried with Liu Bei. The edict approved. Wikidata records her place of death as Gong'an County and the year as 210.[^wikidata][^zhengshi] ## Other statements in the article Chinese Wikipedia also notes that a tomb of Lady Gan stands in today's Fengjie County, so some hold that Liu Bei was also buried at Fengjie and not returned to Chengdu, and it says that the Zizhi Tongjian's note under Yanxi 8 that Empress Dowager Gan died is a mistake, since the dowager who died that year must have been Liu Shan's stepmother, Empress Dowager Wu. It also cites the Shiyi Ji, which says she was poor but outstandingly beautiful, was taken as a concubine by Liu Bei at eighteen, and urged him to remove a jade statue so as not to waste his will on a toy, while adding that this report is doubtful because Wu and Wei had not yet been founded when she died.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: of the Gan family, given name Mei (from the Gazetteer of Kuizhou Prefecture, as cited in Chinese Wikipedia)[^zhwiki] - Titles: Empress Zhaolie (posthumous), Lady Huangsi; kin form of address: Lady Gan[^zhengshi][^wikidata] - Origin: Pei[^zhengshi] - Spouse: Liu Bei; child: Liu Shan[^wikidata][^zhengshi] - Died: 210[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state: Shu Han[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_320322|Pei County]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123771083|昭烈皇后]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/lady-gan-q1064069.html en zh en 210 210 historical figure person_cn_q1064086 person gong-zhi-q1064086 巩志

Gong Zhi (鞏志) is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a staff officer under Jin Xuan, governor of Wuling. When Liu Bei sent Zhang Fei against Wuling, he urged Jin Xuan to surrender and was refused, so he shot Jin Xuan dead, led the people over to Liu Bei, and was later appointed governor of Wuling.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064086 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9E%8F%E5%BF%97 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 7 Gong Zhi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 鞏志, written 巩志 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is also under 鞏志, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata records his occupation as official and his position as governor, with Wuling of the novel as both his workplace and his residence, and the setting as the novel's country of Han.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel Chinese Wikipedia says that he served as a staff officer under Jin Xuan, governor of Wuling. When Liu Bei sent Zhang Fei to attack Wuling, Gong Zhi urged Jin Xuan to surrender to Liu Bei, and Jin Xuan refused. After Jin Xuan lost to Zhang Fei, Gong Zhi shot him dead with one arrow and went over to Liu Bei with the people, and Liu Bei then appointed him governor of Wuling. The article cites chapter 53 of the novel.[^zhwiki] ## Other works The article adds that in the manga Huofeng Liaoyuan he does not appear in person. Liu Feng only mentions that, when Liu Bei attacked the four commanderies south of the Jing, Gong Zhi killed Jin Xuan, who had made a false surrender to Liu Bei in collusion with Han Xuan, and that he was Zhuge Liang's inside agent.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Gong Zhi (鞏志)[^wikidata] - Role: fictional character, governor of Wuling[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Occupation: official[^wikidata] - Setting recorded on this entry: Han[^wikidata] - Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] /people/gong-zhi-q1064086.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character person_cn_q1066825 person xi-zheng-q1066825 郤正

Xi Zheng (died 278), courtesy name Lingxian, from Yanshi in Henan and originally named Zuan, was a Shu Han official who rose to director of the secretariat and was known for his writing. He drafted the letter of surrender when Shu fell, left his family to accompany Liu Shan to Luoyang, served the Jin as magistrate of Anyang and governor of Baxi, and died in 278.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066825 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A4%E6%AD%A3 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B742 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Xi Zheng was an official of Shu Han known for his writing. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say that his courtesy name was Lingxian, that he came from Yanshi in Henan, and that his original name was Zuan, later changed to Zheng. Wikidata's label is the same, so the title stays as it was. Wikidata records his death in 278.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Family and youth The Records say his grandfather Xi Jian was governor of Yi province at the end of Emperor Ling's reign and was killed by bandits, and in the chaos his father Xi Yi stayed in Shu. Xi Yi served under the general Meng Da, surrendered to Wei with him and became a clerk of the secretariat. Xi Zheng lost his father young and his mother remarried, so he stood alone, but he was content in poverty, loved study and read widely in the classics. At twenty he could write well, entered the court as a secretariat clerk, moved up to clerk, then to gentleman, and finally to director.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Detachment and writings He cared little for honors and especially loved literature. He sought out and read nearly everything from the surviving writings of Sima Xiangru, Wang Bao, Yang Xiong, Ban Gu, Fu Yi, Zhang Heng and Cai Yong to the fine books and discussions of his own day that existed in Yi province. He held an inner post and lived next door to the eunuch Huang Hao for thirty years, during which Huang Hao rose from lowly to powerful and abused his authority. Xi Zheng was neither loved nor hated by Huang Hao, and so he never rose above a rank of 600 bushels but escaped trouble. Following the old scholars and borrowing others' phrases to say what he meant, he wrote the Explaining the Reproach, to follow Cui Yin's Reaching the Purpose. The Records say his poems, essays and rhapsodies came to nearly a hundred pieces.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## The letter of surrender In 263, Liu Shan followed Qiao Zhou's plan and sent envoys to surrender to Deng Ai, and the letter was written by Xi Zheng. In the first month of the following year Zhong Hui rebelled in Chengdu and Liu Shan was moved east to Luoyang in confusion. None of the great ministers of Shu were willing to go with him except Xi Zheng and the palace commandant Zhang Tong of Runan, who left their families and went alone. Liu Shan, guided correctly by Xi Zheng, made no mistakes in his conduct and sighed that he regretted knowing Xi Zheng so late, and contemporaries approved of Xi Zheng. He was enfeoffed as Marquis within the Passes.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Under the Jin In the Taishi era he became magistrate of Anyang and was then promoted to governor of Baxi. The edict of 272 praised him for having kept to duty in the troubled days in Chengdu, not departing from loyalty, and, once employed, for working with all his heart and showing a record of good governance, and named him governor of Baxi. He died in 278. Chen Shou's verdict is that Xi Zheng's writing is brilliant, with the manner of Zhang Heng and Cai Yong, that his conduct is worth emulating, and that he and Qiao Zhou had little to do in the Jin and much in Shu, so they were placed in the Shu volumes.[^zhengshi] ## Happy and not thinking of Shu Chinese Wikipedia also records a story. After Liu Shan came to Luoyang, Sima Zhao gave a banquet at which the old Shu ministers wept, but Liu Shan was unmoved and said, "I am happy here and do not think of Shu." Xi Zheng told him, while he was out of the hall, that if asked again he should close his eyes for a moment and then say earnestly, "My ancestors' graves are far away in Shu and not a day passes without my thinking of them." Liu Shan repeated this and Sima Zhao replied that it sounded like something Xi Zheng would say. Liu Shan was astonished, Sima Zhao and his attendants laughed, and he ceased to suspect him. This is the origin of the idiom about being happy and not thinking of Shu. The story does not appear in the biography in the Records of the Three Kingdoms summarized above, and the article gives it only as a tale.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Xi Zheng, courtesy name Lingxian, originally named Zuan[^zhengshi] - Origin: Yanshi in Henan[^zhengshi] - Died: 278[^wikidata] - Offices: director of the secretariat in Shu; magistrate of Anyang and governor of Baxi under the Jin[^zhengshi] - Dynasty or state: Shu Han[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_410307|Yanshi District]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124438430|郤正]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/xi-zheng-q1066825.html en zh en 278 278 historical figure person_cn_q1066842 person ma-tie-q1066842 马铁

Ma Tie (179–211) was a son of Ma Teng, a brother of Ma Chao and a general of the northwest in the Three Kingdoms period. When Ma Chao rose against Cao Cao, Cao Cao put Ma Teng and his family to death, and Ma Tie died at that time.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066842 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%90%B5 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Ma Tie was a son of Ma Teng, a general of the northwest in the Three Kingdoms period, and a brother of Ma Chao. Wikidata's Chinese label is 馬鐵, written 马铁 in simplified characters, with the English alias Ma Tit, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is also under 馬鐵, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata gives his birth as 179, his death as 211, and the manner of death as capital punishment.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Family and the move Chinese Wikipedia says that when Cao Cao was made chancellor he wanted to bring Ma Chao to the capital as a subordinate, and Ma Chao did not accept. Cao Cao then summoned Ma Teng to the capital under the title of Commandant of the Guards, and Ma Chao was made General of the Flank and Marquis of Duting. Ma Tie moved with the family to Ye.[^zhwiki] ## Death The article says that in 211 Ma Chao rose in revolt against Cao Cao, and Cao Cao put Ma Teng and his family and brothers to death, and Ma Tie died at that time. The opening line of the same article gives his death year as 212, which does not match the 211 of its body text, while Wikidata records 211. The article lists the Records of the Three Kingdoms as its reference but gives no further detail, so nothing more is told here.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Ma Tie (馬鐵)[^wikidata] - Father: Ma Teng; brother: Ma Chao[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Life: 179 to 211 (the article's opening line has 212)[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Manner of death: capital punishment[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124326121|马铁]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/ma-tie-q1066842.html en zh en 179 179 211 211 historical figure person_cn_q1067200 person xu-zhi-q1067200 徐质

Xu Zhi (died 254) was a general of late Cao Wei. In 254, after the magistrate of Dao, Li Jian, surrendered his city to Shu Han, Xu Zhi engaged the Shu Han army, and he was beheaded in the fighting with Jiang Wei at Xiangwu.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067200 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%B3%AA 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Xu Zhi was a general of late Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. Wikidata's Chinese label is 徐質, written 徐质 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is also under 徐質, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata describes him as a military leader of Cao Wei and records his death in 254. The sources support little more, so only what is available is told below.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The campaign of 254 Chinese Wikipedia says that in the first year of Zhengyuan, 254, Li Jian, the magistrate of Dao in Cao Wei, surrendered the city to Shu Han and led its officials and people out to welcome the Shu Han army. The Wei general Xu Zhi, who was at the front, met the Shu Han forces, and the article records that the Shu Han general Zhang Ni was killed in the battle and the Han troops then withdrew. Jiang Wei afterwards advanced and besieged Xiangwu and fought Xu Zhi again, and Xu Zhi was beheaded and the Wei army retreated. The article leaves its source section empty and names no specific record, so these events are told only as the article gives them.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Xu Zhi (徐質)[^wikidata] - Role: Cao Wei general, military leader[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Died: 254[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state: Cao Wei[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124633883|徐质]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/xu-zhi-q1067200.html en zh en 254 254 historical figure person_cn_q1068320 person kuai-liang-q1068320 蒯良

Kuai Liang, courtesy name Zirou, from Zhonglu in Xiangyang, Nan commandery in Jing province, was an important adviser to Liu Biao, governor of Jing province, at the end of the Eastern Han. Liu Biao praised his advice to calm the people through benevolence and righteousness as the argument of Yong Ji. His death is placed in 192 by Wikidata and before about 208 by Chinese Wikipedia.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068320 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%AF%E8%89%AF 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Kuai Liang, courtesy name Zirou, came from Zhonglu in Xiangyang, Nan commandery of Jing province, at the end of the Eastern Han. He was an important adviser to Liu Biao, governor of Jing province, and is named together with Kuai Yue. Wikidata's label and the Chinese Wikipedia article both give the name as 蒯良, with the courtesy name Zirou, so the title is unchanged.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## The argument of Yong Ji Chinese Wikipedia says that in 190, when Liu Biao arrived to take over as governor of Jing province, he was worried about how to calm the unrest and consulted Kuai Liang and Kuai Yue at Yicheng. He said that powerful clan bandits were rampant, the people did not rally to him, Yuan Shu was stirring in Nanyang, and he wanted to raise troops but feared the people would refuse. Kuai Liang answered first. People do not rally because officials lack benevolence, he said, and they rally yet do not prosper because officials lack righteousness. If benevolence and righteousness go together, the people will come like water flowing downhill, so why worry or ask about conscription. Kuai Yue disagreed, holding that benevolence and righteousness suit peaceful times while troubled times need stratagems. Liu Biao liked Kuai Yue's plan very much and called it the scheme of Jiu Fan, but he also praised Kuai Liang's advice as the argument of Yong Ji, and made him chief secretary. The article notes that after Jing province was pacified, Kuai Liang's name no longer appears in the Records of the Three Kingdoms.[^zhwiki] ## Dispute over his life and death Wikidata records his death in 192. Chinese Wikipedia says that because Kuai Liang's name is absent from the list of officials who surrendered when Cao Cao took over Jing province, later historians hold that he died before about 208, and its opening line gives his dates as unknown. On the other hand, the Shishuo Xinyu, quoting the Jin Yangqiu in a note, says that Kuai Liang once served as minister of personnel and had a son, Kuai Jun, whose daughter married Sun Xiu, a grand-nephew of Sun Quan. The article suggests that he might have answered Cao Cao's summons in the Han court's name early and served as the minister of personnel in the imperial secretariat, or that the histories simply lack the record. These accounts do not agree and the sources give no verdict, so they are set out side by side. Wikidata also records his son as Kuai Jun.[^wikidata][^zhwiki] ## In the novel In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Kuai Liang is the elder brother of Kuai Yue, and in the battle of Xianshan between Sun Jian and Liu Biao he helps Liu Biao turn the defeat into a victory. He advises Huang Zu and Lu Gong to feign a retreat to Xianshan and set an ambush there, and the plan works, with Huang Zu shooting Sun Jian dead and the crisis of Liu Biao's new regime ended. In chapter 34 Kuai Yue mentions that Kuai Liang was skilled at judging horses and had died before the twelfth year of Jian'an, 207.[^zhwiki] ## Anecdote The article cites the Fuzi, which says that Kuai Yue was a descendant of Kuai Tong, a persuader of the early Western Han, and by the same reasoning Kuai Liang would be one also.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Kuai Liang, courtesy name Zirou[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Origin: Zhonglu in Xiangyang, Nan commandery, Jing province[^zhwiki] - Died: 192 (Wikidata); another view puts it before about 208[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Family: Kuai Yue (his younger brother in the novel), son Kuai Jun[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Birthplace: Nan Commandery[^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q123670521|蒯良]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/kuai-liang-q1068320.html en zh en 192 192 historical figure person_cn_q1068338 person wang-jun-q1068338 王濬

Wang Jun (206–286), courtesy name Shizhi and childhood name Atong, from Hu county in Hongnong, was a general of the Western Jin. As governor of Yi province he built ships for the invasion of Wu, was named General of the Dragon Charge in 279, sailed down the Yangtze and broke the iron chains, and received Sun Hao's surrender; afterwards he quarrelled with Wang Hun over credit and was repeatedly shielded by Emperor Wu of Jin. He was given the posthumous title Marquis Wu.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068338 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%BF%AC zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7042 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Wang Jun was a general of the Western Jin. The Book of Jin says that his courtesy name was Shizhi and that he came from Hu county in Hongnong, and Chinese Wikipedia adds that his childhood name was Atong. Wikidata's label is 王濬, so the title is unchanged. Wikidata gives his life as 206 to 286 and the posthumous name as Wu.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Youth and early career The Book of Jin says that his family had held posts at the two-thousand-bushel rank for generations, that he read the old classics and was handsome, but that he did not cultivate his reputation and was not praised in his village, and that only late did his manner change, becoming open and far-sighted and filled with large ambition. Once he built a house and opened the road in front of the gate dozens of paces wide. When people said this was excessive, he answered that he wanted it to hold long halberds and banners, and when they all laughed he said that, as Chen Sheng had said, swallows and sparrows cannot know the aims of swans. The province called him as a clerk of Hedong, and corrupt local officials left of their own accord. Chinese Wikipedia adds that the governor Xu Miao's daughter was talented and unmarried, and Xu Miao had his subordinates gather while she watched in secret, and she chose Wang Jun, whom he then married to her. Yang Ji, brother of Yang Hu, judged that Wang Jun had large aims but extravagant habits and should not be given sole charge, while Yang Hu held that he had great ability and would be useful in carrying out his own aims.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Governing Ba and Yi He later became a senior clerk to the general of chariots and cavalry, then governor of Ba commandery, which bordered Wu. Labor service in Shu was so heavy that many families did not even raise their newborn sons, and Wang Jun, moved by this, tightened the regulations and lightened the burdens so that those who bore children could recover. The article says that several thousand children were saved. He then moved to be governor of Guanghan and gave generous governance there. He once dreamed of three knives hung on the beam of his bedroom, and soon a fourth was added. His chief secretary Li Yi interpreted it: three knives make the character for province, and one more on the beam means addition to Liang, that is, he would be shepherd of Yi province. When the rebel Zhang Hong killed Huangfu Yan, the inspector of Yi province, the court appointed Wang Jun inspector there. He killed Zhang Hong and others by strategy, was enfeoffed as Marquis within the Passes, and drew many peoples from beyond the frontier to submit. Yang Hu thought him a man of rare strategy and secretly petitioned to keep him in Yi province.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## The conquest of Wu The article says that Yang Hu, Du Yu, Zhang Hua and others urged an attack on Wu and Emperor Wu of Jin agreed, so Wang Jun was ordered to build many ships in Yi province, which took nearly ten years. In the fourth month of 279, when court officials were opposed and the emperor hesitated, Wang Jun, then nearly seventy, wrote asking to march. He said Sun Hao was dissolute and cruel, all the wise and foolish of Jing and Yang lamented, and the ships in Yi had begun to rot, so that if the attack were delayed until Wu had a wise ruler or he himself had died, Wu would no longer be easy to take. The emperor agreed and made him General of the Dragon Charge to advance down the Yangtze. The children he had saved in Ba were now grown and had become his trusted troops. He broke through the iron chains on the river and took Xiling, Xiakou and Wuchang one after another, and reached Jianye, where Sun Hao came out and surrendered.[^zhwiki] ## The quarrel with Wang Hun The article says Wang Jun was supposed to be under the command of Wang Hun, whose army had already taken Moling but did not dare advance and told him to wait. Wang Jun, citing high wind on the river that prevented mooring, set out anyway, forced Sun Hao to surrender and won the chief credit. Wang Hun accused him of disobeying orders, and the authorities wished to imprison him. Emperor Wu did not agree but issued a rebuke. Wang Jun answered that the emperor's own edict had put the commanders under Jia Chong, not also under Wang Hun, and when Wang Hun accused him of taking treasures of the Wu palace, he defended himself again. Back at the capital, the officials charged him with great disrespect and, separately, with burning more than three hundred captured Wu ships without approval, and the emperor stopped both. He made Wang Jun General Who Assists the State with the post of colonel of the infantry, enfeoffed him Marquis of Xiangyang with ten thousand households, made his youngest son Wang Yi a village-pavilion marquis, and gave ten thousand rolls of silk and other rewards. The article says that whenever Wang Jun saw the emperor he could not stop recounting his achievements and grievances and sometimes left in anger without taking leave, and that the emperor, generous by nature, forgave him each time. His relative Fan Tong advised him never again to mention the conquest of Wu, and if anyone did, to say that it was owed to the emperor's virtue and the efforts of the generals. He did so, and the court came to see him as under-rewarded. The scholar Qin Xiu and others petitioned for him, and the emperor promoted him to General Who Guards the Army with the office of attendant-in-ordinary and commander of the rear army.[^zhwiki] ## Death In 285 he was given the rank of Specially Advanced with the rights of a minister of the three offices, and on the gengzi day of the twelfth month, 28 January 286, he died, was buried at Baigu Mountain, was given the posthumous title Marquis Wu, and was said to be eighty. His son Wang Ju inherited the title. In the chaos after Emperor Huai's reign only two grandsons fled south into the Eastern Jin, and the family register was lost. Huan Wen later petitioned for his descendants to be sought out, but both grandsons were past sixty and died before they were employed.[^zhwiki] ## Judgments The article quotes Yang Hu, that he had great ability and would be useful; Yang Ji, that his ambition was large and his luxury unrestrained so that he should not be given sole charge; Fan Tong, that his merit was fine but the way he held it was not fully good; and Fang Xuanling, that of the two Wangs, Wang Hun had harmed the good and Wang Jun had boasted of his merit.[^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Wang Jun, courtesy name Shizhi, childhood name Atong[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] - Origin: Hu county in Hongnong[^zhengshi] - Life: 206 to 286[^wikidata] - Offices: governor of Yi province, General of the Dragon Charge, and others[^zhwiki] - Posthumous name: Wu[^wikidata] - Dynasty or state: Western Jin[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_411282|Lingbao]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124737015|王濬]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/wang-jun-q1068338.html en zh en 206 206 286 286 historical figure en 2 50 1905 39 /en/people.xml?type=person /en/people-3.xml?type=person