{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "戴维·卡德",
  "description": "戴维·卡德（David Card，1956年—）是2021 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。",
  "url": "/en/people/david-card.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "person_nobel_1007",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "戴维·卡德",
    "slug": "david-card",
    "aliases": [
      "David Card"
    ],
    "summary": "戴维·卡德（David Card，1956年—）是2021 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-awards",
      "category-people"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-nobel-prize"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "s1",
        "title": "David Card – Facts",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2021/card/facts/"
      },
      {
        "id": "s2",
        "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2021",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2021/summary/"
      },
      {
        "id": "s3",
        "title": "David Card – Wikipedia",
        "author": "Wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Card"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:58:36+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 5,
    "body": "**戴维·卡德**（David Card，1956年—）出生于圭尔夫（加拿大）。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n戴维·卡德在加拿大女王大学获得学士学位，在普林斯顿大学获得博士学位，先后任教于芝加哥大学和普林斯顿大学，1997年起任教于加州大学伯克利分校，长期从事劳动经济学实证研究。\n\n## 主要成就\n\n卡德以自然实验方法革新了劳动经济学：1994年他与艾伦·克鲁格比较新泽西州与宾夕法尼亚州快餐业在最低工资上调前后的就业变化，发现适度提高最低工资并未减少就业，这一结论挑战了传统教科书预测并引发了持续争论。他还研究了移民对本地工资与就业的影响，以及教育回报等问题[^s1]。1990年他以1980年马里尔船运事件为自然实验：约12.5万古巴移民在数月内抵达迈阿密，使当地劳动力增加约7%，但他发现这对本地低技能工人的工资与就业几无负面影响。[^s3]\n\n## 获奖\n\n2021 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 3 位得主共享，戴维·卡德占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his empirical contributions to labour economics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为伯克利（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2021|2021 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]",
    "url": "/people/david-card.html",
    "lang": "en",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "birth": {
      "year": 1956,
      "precision": "year",
      "display": "1956年"
    }
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-nobel-prize",
      "slug": "nobel-prize",
      "name": "Nobel Prize",
      "description": "Nobel prizes, their laureates, awarding bodies and yearly lists.",
      "names": {
        "de": "Nobelpreis",
        "en": "Nobel Prize",
        "es": "Premio Nobel",
        "fr": "Prix Nobel",
        "ja": "ノーベル賞",
        "ko": "노벨상",
        "ru": "Нобелевская премия",
        "zh": "诺贝尔奖",
        "zh-hant": "諾貝爾獎"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "en": "Nobel prizes, their laureates, awarding bodies and yearly lists.",
        "zh": "诺贝尔奖各奖项、历年名单与相关人物、机构。"
      },
      "count": 1022
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 5,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:58:36+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/en/people/david-card/at/5.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "en",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "birth_date",
      "label": "Birth",
      "value": "1956年"
    }
  ],
  "rankings": [
    {
      "listId": "work_nobel_prize_2021",
      "listTitle": "Nobel Prize 2021",
      "listUrl": "/en/works/nobel-prize-2021.html",
      "edition": "2021",
      "name": "戴维·卡德",
      "tier": "economics",
      "tierLabel": "瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖"
    }
  ],
  "rankingsTotal": 1
}