postgres person_cn_q124049062 person xin-pi-sanguo-q124049062-q1069286 辛毗

Xin Pi as a character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, based on the historical Xin Pi.

published category-literature tag-fictional-character tag-classics wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124049062 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 1 ## Portrayal Portrayal in [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]] of the historical person [[person_cn_q1069286|Xin Pi]][^wikidata]. /people/xin-pi-sanguo-q124049062-q1069286.html en zh en Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms true literary character Xin Pi (died about 235), courtesy name Zuozhi, from Yangzhai in Yingchuan, first followed Yuan Shao with his brother Xin Ping, later joined Cao Cao and became a leading minister of Cao Wei. He was known for blunt remonstrance under both Cao Pi and Cao Rui, and in 234, when Zhuge Liang came out to the south of the Wei River, he served with credentials as army adviser to the general-in-chief and kept Sima Yi from fighting. He was given the posthumous title Marquis Su. /en/people/xin-pi-q1069286.html person_cn_q1069286 person xin-pi-q1069286 辛毗

Xin Pi (died about 235), courtesy name Zuozhi, from Yangzhai in Yingchuan, first followed Yuan Shao with his brother Xin Ping, later joined Cao Cao and became a leading minister of Cao Wei. He was known for blunt remonstrance under both Cao Pi and Cao Rui, and in 234, when Zhuge Liang came out to the south of the Wei River, he served with credentials as army adviser to the general-in-chief and kept Sima Yi from fighting. He was given the posthumous title Marquis Su.

published category-history tag-ancient-china wikidata https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069286 zhwiki https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%AF%97 zhengshi https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B725 2026-10-25 2026-10-25 user:admin 3 Xin Pi was a leading minister of Cao Wei. The Records of the Three Kingdoms say his courtesy name was Zuozhi and that he came from Yangzhai in Yingchuan. Wikidata's label is 辛毗, so the title stays as it was. Wikidata records his death in 235, Chinese Wikipedia writes it as 235 with a question mark, and the Records say only that after Zhuge Liang's death he returned to the post of commandant of the guards and then died, being given the posthumous title Marquis Su, without giving a year.[^wikidata][^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Origin and joining Cao Cao The Records say his ancestors had moved east from Longxi in the Jianwu years of the Eastern Han and that he followed Yuan Shao with his brother Xin Ping. When Cao Cao was minister of works he called Xin Pi, who could not accept. Later, when Yuan Shang attacked his brother Yuan Tan at Pingyuan, Yuan Tan sent Xin Pi to sue to Cao Cao for peace. Cao Cao was about to campaign against Jing province and was pleased at the message, but a few days later wished to take Jing province first and let the Yuan brothers wear each other down. Xin Pi sensed the change and told Guo Jia, who passed it on to Cao Cao. Cao Cao asked whether Yuan Tan could be trusted and whether Yuan Shang could surely be beaten. Xin Pi replied that it was pointless to ask whether Yuan Tan was honest or deceitful and that only the situation mattered. The Yuan brothers were fighting each other, years of war and then drought, locusts and famine had emptied their granaries, and this was the moment heaven destroyed Yuan Shang, whereas Jing province was rich and had no weakness, and of all the enemies in the four directions Hebei was the greatest, so that to pacify Hebei would strengthen the six armies and shake the realm. Cao Cao said it was good and accepted Yuan Tan's request for peace. The next year he took Ye and recommended Xin Pi as a palace counselor.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## The family's vengeance Chinese Wikipedia adds that Xin Ping's household had been put to death by Shen Pei because Xin Pi had gone over to Cao Cao. When the gates of Ye opened, Xin Pi rushed straight to the prison and found them all killed. When Shen Pei was captured, Xin Pi lashed his head with a horsewhip and the two cursed each other. Cao Cao, moved by Shen Pei's loyalty, wanted to free him, but Xin Pi and others wept and demanded his execution, and Cao Cao agreed.[^zhwiki] ## Under Cao Pi and Cao Rui The Records say that when Cao Cao sent the protector-general Cao Hong to pacify Xiabian he had Xin Pi and Cao Xiu take part, saying that in the past the high emperor loved wealth and women and Zhang Liang and Chen Ping corrected his faults, and that now the duty of Xin Pi and Cao Xiu was not light. After the army returned Xin Pi became senior clerk to the chancellor. Under Emperor Wen he became palace attendant and Marquis within the Passes. When the court discussed changing the calendar, he argued that the house of Wei followed the line of Shun and Yu and answered heaven and the people, and that only Tang and Wu, who won by war, had needed to change the calendar, and the emperor agreed. He served as army adviser to Cao Zhen against Zhu Ran at Jiangling and was enfeoffed Marquis of Guangping Pavilion. Under Emperor Ming he was advanced to Marquis of Yingxiang with three hundred households.[^zhengshi] ## Frank remonstrance The Records tell that Emperor Wen wished to move a hundred thousand warrior families of Ji province to Henan. Locusts and hunger afflicted the people, all the officials thought it wrong, and the emperor was very set on it. Xin Pi and the other officials asked for an audience, and the emperor, knowing they would remonstrate, put on a stern face and none dared speak. Xin Pi asked what his plan for moving them was, and said he spoke not from private interest but out of concern for the state. When the emperor rose to leave he followed and caught his robe, and the emperor said, "Zuozhi, why do you press me so hard?" Xin Pi said the move would lose the people's hearts and there would be nothing to feed them. The emperor moved half. Another time, hunting pheasant with the emperor, who said it was a joy, Xin Pi said it was a joy for His Majesty and a hardship for the others, and the emperor fell silent and went out hunting less. When the emperor wished to launch a great campaign against Wu, he advised first nurturing the people and settling soldiers on farms for ten years, but the emperor attacked Wu anyway and turned back at the river.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Refusing to flatter the powerful Under Emperor Ming, the director of the secretariat Liu Fang and its chief Sun Zi were trusted, and all the great ministers befriended them, but Xin Pi did not. His son Xin Chang urged him to soften, and Xin Pi replied sternly that he had his own principles, that disagreement with Liu and Sun would at most keep him from being one of the three highest ministers, and that a man could not ruin his integrity to become one. When Bi Gui recommended him to replace Wang Si as senior secretary, Liu Fang and Sun Zi told the emperor that Xin Pi was upright but stiff and willful, and the emperor did not use him and sent him out as commandant of the guards. He also petitioned against the emperor's palace building when the people were worn out, and objected to levelling Mount Beimang to build a terrace.[^zhengshi] ## The second year of Qinglong and his death In 234, when Zhuge Liang led his army out to the south of the Wei River, the general-in-chief Sima Yi repeatedly asked to fight, and Emperor Ming never allowed it. Fearing Sima Yi could not be held back, the emperor made Xin Pi army adviser to the general-in-chief with credentials, and the six armies became orderly and obeyed his command, none daring to disobey. After Zhuge Liang died he returned to be commandant of the guards. After his death he was given the posthumous title Marquis Su and his son Xin Chang inherited the title. The Records give no year for his death.[^zhengshi] ## Family and judgment Chinese Wikipedia says his brother was Xin Ping, his daughter Xin Xianying married the minister of ceremonies Yang Dan, and his son Xin Chang inherited the Marquis of Duxiang title and rose to commandant of the guards. When Cao Pi was made heir he lost his composure with joy and hugged Xin Pi's neck, asking whether he knew how happy he was, and Xin Pi told his daughter, who sighed that the heir takes the place of the sovereign in the ancestral temple and the state and should feel anxiety, not joy, at such a time, and that it could not last. The article cites Chen Shou's verdict that Xin Pi and Yang Fu were firm, bright, public-spirited and straight, and that their upright remonstrance came close to the high character of Ji An.[^zhengshi][^zhwiki] ## Basic facts - Name: Xin Pi, courtesy name Zuozhi[^zhengshi] - Origin: Yangzhai in Yingchuan[^zhengshi] - Died: about 235[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Posthumous title: Marquis Su[^zhengshi] - Family: brother Xin Ping, son Xin Chang, daughter Xin Xianying[^wikidata][^zhwiki] - Dynasty or state: Cao Wei[^wikidata] - Birthplace: [[place_cn_411081|Yuzhou]][^wikidata] - Portrayal: [[person_cn_q124049062|辛毗]] (character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms) /people/xin-pi-q1069286.html en zh en 235 235 historical figure tag-ancient-china ancient-china 中国古代 先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。 1056 relation_cnpeople_born_q1069286 person_cn_q1069286 born_in place_cn_411081 person_cn_q1069286 wikidata Born in place_cn_411081 Yuzhou /en/places/yuzhou-411081.html false relation_cnportray_q124049062 person_cn_q124049062 based_on person_cn_q1069286 作品中的人物形象，原型为该历史人物。 person_cn_q124049062 wikidata Portrayals person_cn_q124049062 Xin Pi /en/people/xin-pi-sanguo-q124049062-q1069286.html true person_cn_q124049062 辛毗 /en/people/xin-pi-sanguo-q124049062-q1069286.html person 3 2026-10-25 当前版本 true /en/people/xin-pi-q1069286/at/3.html en zh en death_date Death 235 person_category Person category historical figure 2 born_in false Born in 1 based_on true Portrayals 1 1