{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "Beijing", "description": "Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China and a municipality directly under the central government (division code 110000); it is also a key site of the May Fourth Movement and modern scholarship.", "url": "/en/places/beijing.html", "entity": { "id": "place_beijing", "type": "place", "title": "Beijing", "slug": "beijing", "aliases": [ "Peking", "北京", "北京市", "Peiping" ], "summary": "Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China and a municipality directly under the central government (division code 110000); it is also a key site of the May Fourth Movement and modern scholarship.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-modern-china", "tag-education", "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Beijing (Wikipedia)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" }, { "id": "mca2023", "title": "2023年中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码（民政部）", "url": "https://www.mca.gov.cn/mzsj/xzqh/2023/202301xzqh.html", "locator": "代码 110000 北京市" }, { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q956", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "北京市（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/北京市", "locator": "信息框" }, { "id": "baidu", "title": "北京市（百度百科）", "url": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82/126069", "locator": "基本信息" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-24", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "## Administrative division\n\nBeijing is a provincial-level division (municipality) of the People's Republic of China[^mca2023]. It has 16 districts[^mca2023]: [[place_cn_110101|Dongcheng]], [[place_cn_110102|Xicheng]], [[place_cn_110105|Chaoyang]], [[place_cn_110106|Fengtai]], [[place_cn_110107|Shijingshan]], [[place_cn_110108|Haidian]], [[place_cn_110109|Mentougou]], [[place_cn_110111|Fangshan]], [[place_cn_110112|Tongzhou]], [[place_cn_110113|Shunyi]], [[place_cn_110114|Changping]], [[place_cn_110115|Daxing]], [[place_cn_110116|Huairou]], [[place_cn_110117|Pinggu]], [[place_cn_110118|Miyun]], [[place_cn_110119|Yanqing]].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Administrative division code: 110000[^mca2023]\n- Area: 16,410.54 km²[^zhwiki]\n- Resident population: 21.80 million (end of 2025)[^baidu]\n- GDP: CNY 5.20734 trillion (2025)[^baidu]; per capita about CNY 239,000 (2025)[^zhwiki]\n- Seat of government: No. 57 Yunhe East Street, Tongzhou District[^baidu]\n- Telephone area code: 010; postal code: 100000[^baidu]\n- ISO 3166-2: CN-BJ[^zhwiki]\n- Licence plate codes: 京A–京Q, 京Y[^baidu]\n- Climate: warm-temperate semi-humid to semi-arid monsoon climate[^baidu]\n- Time zone: China Standard Time (UTC+8)[^zhwiki]\n- City flowers: Chinese rose and chrysanthemum; city trees: Chinese arborvitae and Chinese scholar tree[^zhwiki]\n\n## History\n\n- 1368: replaced Dadu (Khanbaliq) of the Yuan dynasty[^wikidata].\n- From 1421: named Beijing, until 7 June 1928[^wikidata].\n- 8 June 1928 – 28 July 1937: Peiping[^wikidata].\n- 29 July 1937 – 2 September 1945: Beijing[^wikidata].\n- 3 September 1945 – 30 September 1949: Peiping[^wikidata].\n- From 1 October 1949: Beijing[^wikidata].\n\n## Academic and public life\n\n[[organization_pku|Peking University]] is in Beijing. The [[event_mayfourth|May Fourth Movement]] began with student demonstrations here in 1919.", "url": "/places/beijing.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "municipality", "coordinates": { "latitude": 39.9042, "longitude": 116.4074 }, "locationNote": "Northern China; modern municipality is not identical to all historical capital footprints.", "adminArea": "People's Republic of China · Beijing Municipality", "established": { "year": 1421, "qualifier": "approx", "display": "c. 1421 (Ming capital relocation)" } }, "entities": null, "tags": [ { "id": "tag-modern-china", "slug": "modern-china", "name": "中国近现代", "description": "中国近现代历史与文化。", "count": 13 }, { "id": "tag-education", "slug": "education", "name": "教育", "description": "学术、大学与知识传播。", "count": 7 }, { "id": "tag-admin-division", "slug": "admin-division", "name": "行政区划", "description": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。", "count": 3335 } ], "relations": [ { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110101_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110101", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110101", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110101", "targetTitle": "Dongcheng District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/dongcheng-110101.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110102_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110102", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110102", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110102", "targetTitle": "Xicheng District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/xicheng-110102.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110105_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110105", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110105", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110105", "targetTitle": "Chaoyang District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/chaoyang-110105.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110106_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110106", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110106", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110106", "targetTitle": "Fengtai District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/fengtai-110106.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110107_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110107", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110107", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110107", "targetTitle": "Shijingshan District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/shijingshan-110107.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110108_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110108", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110108", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110108", "targetTitle": "Haidian District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/haidian-110108.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110109_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110109", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110109", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110109", "targetTitle": "Mentougou District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/mentougou-110109.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110111_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110111", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110111", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110111", "targetTitle": "Fangshan District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/fangshan-110111.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110112_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110112", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110112", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110112", "targetTitle": "Tongzhou District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/tongzhou-110112.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnadmin_110113_in_110000", "fromId": "place_cn_110113", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_cn_110113", "sourceId": "mca2023" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_cn_110113", "targetTitle": "Shunyi District", "targetUrl": "/en/places/shunyi-110113.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10007", "fromId": "person_cn_q10007", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10007", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10007", "targetTitle": "Zhu Houzhao", "targetUrl": "/en/people/zhengde-emperor-q10007.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10059", "fromId": "person_cn_q10059", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10059", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10059", "targetTitle": "Zhu Zaihou", "targetUrl": "/en/people/longqing-emperor-q10059.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10061", "fromId": "person_cn_q10061", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10061", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10061", "targetTitle": "Zhu Yijun", "targetUrl": "/en/people/wanli-q10061.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10065", "fromId": "person_cn_q10065", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10065", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10065", "targetTitle": "Zhu Changluo", "targetUrl": "/en/people/taichang-emperor-q10065.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10066", "fromId": "person_cn_q10066", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10066", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10066", "targetTitle": "Zhu Youxiao", "targetUrl": "/en/people/tianqi-emperor-q10066.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q10069", "fromId": "person_cn_q10069", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q10069", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q10069", "targetTitle": "Zhu Youjian", "targetUrl": "/en/people/chongzhen-emperor-q10069.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q1191225", "fromId": "person_cn_q1191225", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q1191225", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q1191225", "targetTitle": "Tan Sitong", "targetUrl": "/en/people/tan-sitong-q1191225.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q17790", "fromId": "person_cn_q17790", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q17790", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q17790", "targetTitle": "Kangxi Emperor", "targetUrl": "/en/people/kangxi-emperor-q17790.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q19133", "fromId": "person_cn_q19133", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q19133", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q19133", "targetTitle": "Qianlong Emperor", "targetUrl": "/en/people/qianlong-emperor-q19133.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q47842", "fromId": "person_cn_q47842", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q47842", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born here", "targetId": "person_cn_q47842", "targetTitle": "Empress Dowager Cixi", "targetUrl": "/en/people/empress-dowager-cixi-q47842.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_0d8ddc2aab39d89d3f571fde", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_capital", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway_capital", "sourceId": "operator-review" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway_capital", "targetTitle": "Beijing Capital Metro Corp., Ltd.", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-capital.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_18bf35a4e3fd9899be4eeb17", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_yizhuang_tram", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway_yizhuang_tram", "sourceId": "cptond" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway_yizhuang_tram", "targetTitle": "北京公交有轨电车公司亦庄有轨公司", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-yizhuang-tram.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_9717ee41d376dedc4d12fae0", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_moa", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway_moa", "sourceId": "operator-review" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway_moa", "targetTitle": "Beijing Metro Operation Administration Corporation Limited", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-moa.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_aa0322a849fa82b700c7915d", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_tram", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway_tram", "sourceId": "operator-review" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway_tram", "targetTitle": "Beijing Public Transit Tramway Co., Ltd.", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-tram.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_bj_operator_city", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway", "sourceId": "operator-review" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway", "targetTitle": "Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corporation Limited", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_metro_eea2672379796c339d42cba7", "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_mtr", "relationType": "operates_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_beijing_subway_mtr", "sourceId": "operator-review" } ], "label": "Operators here", "targetId": "organization_beijing_subway_mtr", "targetTitle": "Beijing MTR Corporation", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-mtr.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_008", "fromId": "event_mayfourth", "relationType": "occurred_at", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "指1919年5月4日示威起点，不限定全部活动范围。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "event_mayfourth", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Events here", "targetId": "event_mayfourth", "targetTitle": "May Fourth Movement", "targetUrl": "/en/events/may-fourth-movement.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_012", "fromId": "organization_pku", "relationType": "headquartered_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "不限定为同一历史校址。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_pku", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Organizations here", "targetId": "organization_pku", "targetTitle": "Peking University", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/peking-university.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_015", "fromId": "organization_commercial", "relationType": "headquartered_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "note": "1954年总馆迁京后。", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "organization_commercial", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "Organizations here", "targetId": "organization_commercial", "targetTitle": "商务印书馆", "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/commercial-press.html", "incoming": true } ], "mentions": [ { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway", "fromTitle": "北京市地铁运营有限公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_capital", "fromTitle": "北京京城地铁有限公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-capital.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_moa", "fromTitle": "北京市轨道交通运营管理有限公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-moa.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_mtr", "fromTitle": "北京京港地铁有限公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-mtr.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_tram", "fromTitle": "北京公交有轨电车有限公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-tram.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_beijing_subway_yizhuang_tram", "fromTitle": "北京公交有轨电车公司亦庄有轨公司", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/beijing-subway-yizhuang-tram.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_commercial", "fromTitle": "商务印书馆", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/commercial-press.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "organization_pku", "fromTitle": "北京大学", "fromUrl": "/en/organizations/peking-university.html", "fromType": "organization" }, { "fromId": "person_cn_q10007", "fromTitle": "朱厚照", "fromUrl": "/en/people/zhengde-emperor-q10007.html", "fromType": "person" }, { "fromId": "person_cn_q10059", "fromTitle": "朱载垕", "fromUrl": "/en/people/longqing-emperor-q10059.html", "fromType": "person" } ], "versions": [ { "revision": 7, "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "message": "当前版本", "hasSnapshot": true, "url": "/en/places/beijing/at/7.html" } ], "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "infoFields": [ { "key": "place_kind", "label": "Place kind", "value": "municipality" }, { "key": "admin_area", "label": "Admin area", "value": "People's Republic of China · Beijing Municipality" }, { "key": "coordinates", "label": "Coordinates", "value": "39.90420, 116.40740" }, { "key": "established", "label": "Established", "value": "c. 1421 (Ming capital relocation)" }, { "key": "location_note", "label": "Location note", "value": "Northern China; modern municipality is not identical to all historical capital footprints." } ], "relationsTotal": 48, "relationCounts": [ { "relationType": "located_in", "incoming": true, "label": "Contains places", "total": 19, "moreUrl": "/en/places/beijing/relation/located_in-in.html" }, { "relationType": "born_in", "incoming": true, "label": "Born here", "total": 20, "moreUrl": "/en/places/beijing/relation/born_in-in.html" }, { "relationType": "operates_in", "incoming": true, "label": "Operators here", "total": 6 }, { "relationType": "occurred_at", "incoming": true, "label": "Events here", "total": 1 }, { "relationType": "headquartered_in", "incoming": true, "label": "Organizations here", "total": 2 } ], "mentionsTotal": 462, "mentionsUrl": "/en/places/beijing/relation/mentions.html" }