{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "Kaifeng",
  "description": "Kaifeng is a prefecture-level city in Henan, with administrative division code 410200.",
  "url": "/en/places/kaifeng.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "place_cn_410200",
    "type": "place",
    "title": "Kaifeng",
    "slug": "kaifeng",
    "aliases": [
      "开封市"
    ],
    "summary": "Kaifeng is a prefecture-level city in Henan, with administrative division code 410200.",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-geography",
      "category-china-admin-divisions"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-admin-division"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "mca2023",
        "title": "2023年中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码（民政部）",
        "url": "https://www.mca.gov.cn/mzsj/xzqh/2023/202301xzqh.html",
        "locator": "代码 410200 开封市"
      },
      {
        "id": "wikidata",
        "title": "Wikidata Q208471",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208471"
      },
      {
        "id": "enwiki",
        "title": "Kaifeng (Wikipedia)",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaifeng"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "开封市（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%81%E5%B8%82"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T22:00:54+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 5,
    "body": "## Administrative status\n\nKaifeng is part of [[place_cn_410000|Henan]] (province)[^mca2023].\n\n## Subdivisions\n\n9 county-level or higher divisions[^mca2023]:\n\n- [[place_cn_410202|Longting District]] (district, 410202)\n- [[place_cn_410203|Shunhe Hui District]] (district, 410203)\n- [[place_cn_410204|Gulou District]] (district, 410204)\n- [[place_cn_410205|Yuwangtai District]] (district, 410205)\n- [[place_cn_410212|Xiangfu District]] (district, 410212)\n- [[place_cn_410221|Qi County]] (county, 410221)\n- [[place_cn_410222|Tongxu County]] (county, 410222)\n- [[place_cn_410223|Weishi County]] (county, 410223)\n- [[place_cn_410225|Lankao County]] (county, 410225)\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Administrative division code: 410200[^mca2023]\n- Area: 6,240.22 km²[^wikidata]\n- Population: 4.82 million (2020)[^wikidata]\n\n## History\n\n- From 6 January 947: named “东京开封府”, until 26 April 1127[^wikidata].\n- From 8 January 1153: named “南京开封府”, until 7 January 1224[^wikidata].\n- From 8 January 1234: named “汴梁”, until 8 April 1368[^wikidata].\n- From 6 June 907: named “东都”, until 5 January 947[^wikidata].\n- From 27 April 1127: named “汴京”, until 7 January 1153[^wikidata].",
    "url": "/places/kaifeng.html",
    "lang": "en",
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh",
      "en"
    ],
    "disambiguation": "Henan",
    "placeKind": "prefecture-level city",
    "coordinates": {
      "latitude": 34.795,
      "longitude": 114.345
    },
    "adminArea": "People's Republic of China · Henan · Kaifeng"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-admin-division",
      "slug": "admin-division",
      "name": "Administrative division",
      "description": "Provinces, prefectures and counties, with their historical evolution.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "تقسيم إداري",
        "de": "Verwaltungsgliederung",
        "en": "Administrative division",
        "es": "División administrativa",
        "fr": "Division administrative",
        "hi": "प्रशासनिक विभाजन",
        "id": "Pembagian administratif",
        "it": "Divisione amministrativa",
        "ja": "行政区画",
        "ko": "행정 구역",
        "ms": "Bahagian pentadbiran",
        "nl": "Bestuurlijke indeling",
        "pt": "Divisão administrativa",
        "ru": "Административное деление",
        "th": "เขตการปกครอง",
        "tr": "İdari bölüm",
        "vi": "Đơn vị hành chính",
        "zh": "行政区划",
        "zh-hant": "行政區劃"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "المقاطعات والولايات والمناطق على مختلف المستويات وتطورها التاريخي.",
        "de": "Provinzen, Präfekturen und Kreise sowie ihre historische Entwicklung.",
        "en": "Provinces, prefectures and counties, with their historical evolution.",
        "es": "Provincias, prefecturas y condados, y su evolución histórica.",
        "fr": "Provinces, préfectures et comtés, et leur évolution historique.",
        "hi": "प्रांत, प्रीफ़ेक्चर और ज़िले तथा उनका ऐतिहासिक विकास।",
        "id": "Provinsi, prefektur, dan kabupaten beserta perkembangan historisnya.",
        "it": "Divisioni a livello provinciale, prefettizio e distrettuale e la loro evoluzione storica.",
        "ja": "省・地・県各級の行政区画とその歴史的沿革。",
        "ko": "성·지·현 각급 행정 구역과 그 역사적 연혁.",
        "ms": "Wilayah peringkat provinsi, prefektur dan daerah serta perkembangan sejarahnya.",
        "nl": "Provincies, prefecturen en districten en hun historische ontwikkeling.",
        "pt": "Divisões provinciais, prefeituras e condados e a sua evolução histórica.",
        "ru": "Провинции, округа и уезды, а также их историческое развитие.",
        "th": "เขตการปกครองระดับมณฑล จังหวัด และอำเภอ ตลอดจนพัฒนาการทางประวัติศาสตร์",
        "tr": "İl, vilayet ve ilçe düzeyindeki idari birimler ve tarihsel gelişimi.",
        "vi": "Các cấp tỉnh, địa khu, huyện và quá trình phát triển lịch sử.",
        "zh": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。",
        "zh-hant": "省、地、縣各級行政區及其歷史沿革。"
      },
      "count": 38838
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410200_in_410000",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410200",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410000",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_cn_410200",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Located in",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410000",
      "targetTitle": "Henan",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/henan.html",
      "incoming": false
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410202_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410202",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_cn_410202",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410202",
      "targetTitle": "Longting District",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/longting.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410203_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410203",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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          "sourceId": "mca2023"
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410203",
      "targetTitle": "Shunhe Hui District",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/shunhe-hui.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410204_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410204",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410204",
      "targetTitle": "Gulou District",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/gulou-kaifeng.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410205_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410205",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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          "sourceId": "mca2023"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410205",
      "targetTitle": "Yuwangtai District",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/yuwangtai.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410212_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410212",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_cn_410212",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410212",
      "targetTitle": "Xiangfu District",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/xiangfu.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410221_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410221",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_cn_410221",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410221",
      "targetTitle": "Qi County",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/qi-kaifeng.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410222_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410222",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410222",
      "targetTitle": "Tongxu County",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/tongxu.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410223_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410223",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
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          "entityId": "place_cn_410223",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
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      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410223",
      "targetTitle": "Weishi County",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/weishi.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnadmin_410225_in_410200",
      "fromId": "place_cn_410225",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "note": "依据民政部2023年县以上行政区划代码的隶属层级。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_cn_410225",
          "sourceId": "mca2023"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_cn_410225",
      "targetTitle": "Lankao County",
      "targetUrl": "/en/places/lankao.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q1069914",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q1069914",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q1069914",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q1069914",
      "targetTitle": "Lu You",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/lu-you.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q142683",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q142683",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q142683",
      "targetTitle": "Ruan Ji",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/ruan-ji.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q197338",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q197338",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q197338",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q197338",
      "targetTitle": "Zhang Zai",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/zhang-zai.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q292764",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q292764",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q292764",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q292764",
      "targetTitle": "Empress Wu (Zhaolie)",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/empress-wu-zhaolie.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q48889401",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q48889401",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q48889401",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q48889401",
      "targetTitle": "虞松",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/q48889401.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "fromId": "person_cn_q6539077",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
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        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q6539077",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
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      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q6539077",
      "targetTitle": "Li Shishi",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/li-shishi.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "fromId": "person_cn_q701267",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q701267",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q701267",
      "targetTitle": "Wu Yi (Three Kingdoms)",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/wu-yi-three.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q707756",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q707756",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q707756",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q707756",
      "targetTitle": "Tong Guan",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/tong-guan.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "fromId": "person_cn_q713570",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q713570",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q713570",
      "targetTitle": "Gao Rou",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/gao-rou.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q716202",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q716202",
      "relationType": "born_in",
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          "sourceId": "wikidata"
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      ],
      "label": "Born here",
      "targetId": "person_cn_q716202",
      "targetTitle": "Gao Qiu",
      "targetUrl": "/en/people/gao-qiu.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
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      "fromId": "work_kaifeng_diyilou_tangbao",
      "relationType": "depicts",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "role": "地方名吃",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
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          "sourceId": "s1"
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      ],
      "label": "Related works",
      "targetId": "work_kaifeng_diyilou_tangbao",
      "targetTitle": "开封第一楼小笼灌汤包子",
      "targetUrl": "/en/works/kaifeng-diyilou-tangbao.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
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      "fromId": "work_kaifeng_mayuxing_tongziji",
      "relationType": "depicts",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "role": "地方特产",
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        {
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          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Related works",
      "targetId": "work_kaifeng_mayuxing_tongziji",
      "targetTitle": "马豫兴桶子鸡",
      "targetUrl": "/en/works/kaifeng-mayuxing-tongziji.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_work_kaifeng_liyu_beimian",
      "fromId": "work_kaifeng_liyu_beimian",
      "relationType": "depicts",
      "toId": "place_cn_410200",
      "role": "地方名吃",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "work_kaifeng_liyu_beimian",
          "sourceId": "s2"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Related works",
      "targetId": "work_kaifeng_liyu_beimian",
      "targetTitle": "糖醋软熘鲤鱼焙面",
      "targetUrl": "/en/works/kaifeng-liyu-beimian.html",
      "incoming": true
    }
  ],
  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q1069914",
      "fromTitle": "Lu You",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/lu-you.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q142683",
      "fromTitle": "Ruan Ji",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/ruan-ji.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
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      "fromTitle": "Zhang Zai",
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      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q292764",
      "fromTitle": "Empress Wu (Zhaolie)",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/empress-wu-zhaolie.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q48889401",
      "fromTitle": "虞松",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/q48889401.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q6539077",
      "fromTitle": "Li Shishi",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/li-shishi.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q701267",
      "fromTitle": "Wu Yi (Three Kingdoms)",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/wu-yi-three.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q707756",
      "fromTitle": "Tong Guan",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/tong-guan.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q713570",
      "fromTitle": "Gao Rou",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/gao-rou.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q716202",
      "fromTitle": "Gao Qiu",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/gao-qiu.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    }
  ],
  "history": [
    {
      "from": "1368-04-09",
      "title": "开封市",
      "note": "Wikidata 官方名称记录。",
      "sources": [
        "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208471"
      ]
    },
    {
      "from": "1234-01-08",
      "to": "1368-04-08",
      "title": "汴梁",
      "note": "Wikidata 官方名称记录。",
      "sources": [
        "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208471"
      ]
    },
    {
      "from": "1153-01-08",
      "to": "1224-01-07",
      "title": "南京开封府",
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