{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "namePrimary": { "person_cn_q17585": true, "person_cn_q178939": true, "person_cn_q180920": true, "person_cn_q701750": true, "person_cn_q702470": true, "person_cn_q702759": true, "person_cn_q702824": true, "person_cn_q702926": true, "person_cn_q703118": true, "person_cn_q703776": true, "person_cn_q704224": true, "person_cn_q706004": true, "person_cn_q706599": true }, "title": "Search", "url": "/en/search-69.html", "entities": [ { "id": "person_cn_q706599", "type": "person", "title": "Liu Dai", "slug": "liu-dai", "aliases": [ "刘岱" ], "summary": "Liu Dai (? – 192), Chinese politician and warlord (died 192).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q706599", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706599" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘岱 (兖州刺史)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%B2%B1_(%E5%85%97%E5%B7%9E%E5%88%BA%E5%8F%B2)" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志/卷49（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B749" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:24+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\nBiography in 三国志/卷49[^zhengshi].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 192[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_370612|Muping District]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q123639367|Liu Dai]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/liu-dai.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 192, "display": "192" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_125", "type": "person", "title": "西蒙·范德梅尔", "slug": "simon-van-der-meer", "aliases": [ "Simon van der Meer" ], "summary": "西蒙·范德梅尔（Simon van der Meer，1925年11月24日—2011年3月4日）是荷兰加速器物理学家，1984 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Simon van der Meer – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1984/meer/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1984/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:20+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**西蒙·范德梅尔**（Simon van der Meer，1925年11月24日—2011年3月4日）出生于海牙（荷兰），2011年3月4日在日内瓦（瑞士）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1984 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，西蒙·范德梅尔占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 CERN，所在地为日内瓦（瑞士）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n西蒙·范德梅尔是荷兰加速器物理学家。他发明了随机冷却技术：通过探测并反馈校正粒子束中粒子的偏差，使反质子束的密度与亮度大幅提高，从而使欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的质子-反质子对撞机能够以足够高的亮度运行，并于 1983 年发现 W 玻色子与 Z 玻色子；他与卡洛·鲁比亚因“对大型项目质子-反质子对撞机的决定性贡献”共享 1984 年诺贝尔物理学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1984|1984 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/simon-van-der-meer.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1925, "month": 11, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1925年11月24日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 3, "day": 4, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年3月4日" }, "occupations": [ "加速器物理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q1924242", "type": "person", "title": "Suo Chao", "slug": "suo-chao", "aliases": [ "索超" ], "summary": "Suo Chao, Water Margin character.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1924242", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1924242" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "索超（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E8%B6%85" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:03+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Basic facts\n\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_130000|Hebei]][^wikidata]\n\n## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/suo-chao.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_nobel_84", "type": "person", "title": "朝永振一郎", "slug": "sin-itiro-tomonaga", "aliases": [ "Sin-Itiro Tomonaga" ], "summary": "朝永振一郎（Sin-Itiro Tomonaga，1906年3月31日—1979年7月8日）是日本理论物理学家，1965 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sin-Itiro Tomonaga – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1965/tomonaga/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1965/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:17+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**朝永振一郎**（Sin-Itiro Tomonaga，1906年3月31日—1979年7月8日）出生于京都市（日本），1979年7月8日在东京都（日本）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1965 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，朝永振一郎占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Tokyo University of Education，所在地为东京都（日本）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n朝永振一郎是日本理论物理学家。他在第二次世界大战期间独立发展了量子电动力学的协变表述与重整化方法，解决了量子场论计算中出现的发散问题，为精确描述电子与光子的相互作用奠定了基础；他与理查德·费曼、朱利安·施温格因“量子电动力学”共享 1965 年诺贝尔物理学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1965|1965 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/sin-itiro-tomonaga.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1906, "month": 3, "day": 31, "precision": "day", "display": "1906年3月31日" }, "death": { "year": 1979, "month": 7, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1979年7月8日" }, "occupations": [ "理论物理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q704558", "type": "person", "title": "Liu Xie", "slug": "liu-xie", "aliases": [ "刘勰" ], "summary": "Liu Xie (460 – 520), Chinese monk, politician and writer (c.465–522).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q704558", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q704558" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘勰（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%8B%B0" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "梁书·卷50（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B750" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:26+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 劉勰字彥和，東莞莒人。祖靈真，宋司空秀之弟也。父尚，越騎校尉。\n\n— 梁书·卷50[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 460[^wikidata]\n- Died: 520[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_321102|Jingkou District]][^wikidata]\n\n## Works\n\n- [[work_cn_q1153676|The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/liu-xie.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 460, "display": "460" }, "death": { "year": 520, "display": "520" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_b9f222aba4c0", "type": "person", "title": "西蒙娜·薇依", "slug": "simone-weil", "aliases": [ "Simone Weil", "薇依" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-wei-yi-s-i-m-o-n-e-w-e-i-l" ], "summary": "西蒙娜·薇依（1909—1943）是法国哲学家，代表作有《工厂日记》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1981", "title": "工厂日记", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1981", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "西蒙娜·薇依（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E8%96%87%E4%BE%9D" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:25+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**西蒙娜·薇依**（Simone Weil，1909年—1943年）是法国哲学家、社会活动家，毕业于巴黎高等师范学院，曾做教师、工人，关注劳工与宗教问题[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n她在1934年至1935年间到工厂做工，写下《工厂日记》，记录流水线劳动对人的压迫；死后出版的《重负与神恩》等文集使她成为二十世纪重要的宗教思想家之一[^zhwiki]。\n\n薇依是《[[work_hnlib_f258d8bbe0db|工厂日记]]》[^online-1981]的作者。", "url": "/people/simone-weil.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_nobel_603", "type": "person", "title": "辛克莱·刘易斯", "slug": "sinclair-lewis", "aliases": [ "Sinclair Lewis" ], "summary": "辛克莱·刘易斯（Sinclair Lewis，1885年2月7日—1951年1月10日）是美国小说家，1930 年诺贝尔文学奖得主，首位获此奖的美国作家。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sinclair Lewis – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1930/lewis/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1930", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1930/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:14+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**辛克莱·刘易斯**（Sinclair Lewis，1885年2月7日—1951年1月10日）出生于索克森特（美国），1951年1月10日在罗马（意大利）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1930 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 辛克莱·刘易斯，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humour, new types of characters”[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n辛克莱·刘易斯是美国小说家，首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国作家。他以《大街》《巴比特》《阿罗史密斯》《埃尔默·甘特利》等小说讽刺美国小城镇的中产阶级生活、商业文化与宗教伪善，刻画了 20 世纪初美国社会的精神面貌；其中《阿罗史密斯》曾获普利策奖（他拒绝领奖）[^s1][^s2]。1930 年诺贝尔文学奖表彰他“有力而生动的叙事艺术”[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1930|1930 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/sinclair-lewis.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1885, "month": 2, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1885年2月7日" }, "death": { "year": 1951, "month": 1, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1951年1月10日" }, "occupations": [ "小说家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q706004", "type": "person", "title": "Huang Quan", "slug": "huang-quan", "aliases": [ "黄权" ], "summary": "Huang Quan (? – 240), General of the state of Wei (died 240).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q706004", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706004" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "黄权（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%AC%8A" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志/卷43（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B743" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:29+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 黃權，字公衡，巴西閬中人也。少為郡吏，州牧劉璋召為主簿。時別駕張松建議，宜迎先主，使伐張魯。權諫曰：「左將軍有驍名，今請到，欲以部曲遇之，則不滿其心，欲以賓客禮待，則一國不容二君。若容有泰山之安，則主有累卵之危。可但閉境，以待河清。」璋不聽，竟遣使迎先生，出權為廣漢長，及先主襲取益州，將帥分下郡縣。\n\n— 三国志/卷43[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 240[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_511381|Langzhong]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124334595|Huang Quan]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/huang-quan.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 240, "display": "240" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_c0f46439c3ee", "type": "person", "title": "恩里克·比拉-马塔斯", "slug": "enrique-vila-matas", "aliases": [ "比拉－马塔斯" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-xi-bi-la-ma-ta-si" ], "summary": "恩里克·比拉-马塔斯（1948年—）是西班牙作家，代表作有《巴托比症候群》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-547", "title": "巴托比症候群", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/547", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "恩里克·比拉-马塔斯（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E6%8B%89-%E9%A9%AC%E5%A1%94%E6%96%AF" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:29+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**恩里克·比拉-马塔斯**（Enrique Vila-Matas，1948年—）是西班牙作家，生于巴塞罗那，小说常以作家、阅读与虚构本身为题材，带有元小说色彩[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作《巴托比症候群》借用梅尔维尔《抄写员巴托比》中“我宁愿不”的姿态，写一群拒绝写作的作家，是其最著名的作品之一[^zhwiki]。\n\n比拉－马塔斯是《[[work_hnlib_1ef1675b843a|巴托比症候群]]》[^online-547]的作者。", "url": "/people/enrique-vila-matas.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_nobel_339", "type": "person", "title": "亚历山大·弗莱明", "slug": "alexander-fleming", "aliases": [ "Sir Alexander Fleming" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-alexander-fleming" ], "summary": "亚历山大·弗莱明（Sir Alexander Fleming，1881年8月6日—1955年3月11日）是苏格兰细菌学家，1945 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Alexander Fleming – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/fleming/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:11+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**亚历山大·弗莱明**（Sir Alexander Fleming，1881年8月6日—1955年3月11日）出生于英国，1955年3月11日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1945 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，亚历山大·弗莱明占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 London University，所在地为伦敦（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n亚历山大·弗莱明是苏格兰细菌学家。1928 年，他在培养皿中注意到青霉菌污染抑制了葡萄球菌的生长，由此发现了青霉素——第一种广谱抗生素；他还发现了存在于泪液、唾液中的溶菌酶，并研究了抗菌物质与免疫的关系[^s1][^s2]。1945 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由他与弗洛里、钱恩共享[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1945|1945 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/alexander-fleming.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1881, "month": 8, "day": 6, "precision": "day", "display": "1881年8月6日" }, "death": { "year": 1955, "month": 3, "day": 11, "precision": "day", "display": "1955年3月11日" }, "occupations": [ "细菌学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q704224", "type": "person", "title": "Hou Lan", "slug": "hou-lan", "aliases": [ "侯览" ], "summary": "Hou Lan (? – 172), Chinese Han dynasty eunuch-official (died 172).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q704224", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q704224" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "侯览（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E8%A6%BD" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "后汉书·卷78（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B778" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:30+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 侯览者，山陽防东人。桓帝初为中常侍，以佞猾进，倚势贪放，受纳货遗以巨万计。延熹中，连岁征伐，府帑空虚，乃假百官奉禄，王侯租锐。览亦上缣五千匹，赐爵关内侯。又托以与议诛梁冀功，进封高乡侯。\n\n— 后汉书·卷78[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 172[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q123577379|Hou Lan]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/hou-lan.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 172, "display": "172" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_c522642e69d0", "type": "person", "title": "雅各布·布克哈特", "slug": "jacob-burckhardt", "aliases": [ "Jacob Burckhardt", "布克哈特" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-bu-ke-ha-te-j-a-c-o-b-b-u-r-c-k-h-a-r-d-t" ], "summary": "雅各布·布克哈特（1818—1897）是瑞士历史学家，代表作有《意大利文艺复兴时期的文化》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1971", "title": "布克哈特书信选", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1971", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "雅各布·布克哈特（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%85%8B%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:29+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:10+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**雅各布·布克哈特**（Jacob Burckhardt，1818年—1897年）是瑞士历史学家，长期在巴塞尔大学任教，是文化史研究的开创者之一[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作《意大利文艺复兴时期的文化》从政治、艺术与日常生活考察文艺复兴，提出“文艺复兴发现了个人”等论断，影响了后世史学；《布克哈特书信选》收录其学术通信[^zhwiki]。\n\n布克哈特是《[[work_hnlib_2849281ce6e0|布克哈特书信选]]》[^online-1971]的作者。", "url": "/people/jacob-burckhardt.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q180920", "type": "person", "title": "Empress Cao Jie", "slug": "cao-jie-huanghou", "aliases": [ "献穆皇后" ], "summary": "Empress Cao Jie (? – 237), Chinese Han dynasty empress (197-260).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q180920", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180920" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "献穆皇后（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8D%BB%E7%A9%86%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "后汉书·卷10下（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B710%E4%B8%8B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:09+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## Official history\n\nBiography in 后汉书·卷10下[^zhengshi].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 237[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_320322|Pei County]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124355631|Empress Cao Jie]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/cao-jie-huanghou.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 237, "display": "237" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_d8e647549a96", "type": "person", "title": "杰夫·贾维斯", "slug": "jeff-jarvis", "aliases": [ "Jeff Jarvis" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-jie-fu-jia-wei-si-j-e-f-f-j-a-r-v-i-s" ], "summary": "杰夫·贾维斯（1954年生）是美国记者、媒体评论家，著有《公开：互联网时代的生存法则》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-74", "title": "Google将带来什么？", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/74", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "Jeff Jarvis - 维基百科", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Jarvis", "locator": "身份与著作" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:25:10+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:08+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 生平\n\n杰夫·贾维斯（Jeff Jarvis，1954年生）是美国记者、作家、媒体评论家，早年从事报刊工作，曾任《娱乐周刊》电视评论员，后任教于纽约市立大学新闻学院，长期研究互联网与媒体变革。[^wiki]\n\n## 作品著录\n\n海宁市图书馆推荐书目将杰夫·贾维斯著录为以下作品的创作者或编者：\n\n- 《Google将带来什么？》[^online-74]\n\n他的著作有《公开：互联网时代的生存法则》（What Would Google Do?）、《公共零件》等。[^wiki]", "url": "/people/jeff-jarvis.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "记者", "作家" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_nobel_693", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·阿瑟·刘易斯", "slug": "arthur-lewis", "aliases": [ "Sir Arthur Lewis" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-arthur-lewis" ], "summary": "威廉·阿瑟·刘易斯（Sir Arthur Lewis，1915年1月23日—1991年6月15日）是圣卢西亚经济学家，1979 年诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Arthur Lewis – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1979/lewis/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1979", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1979/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:08+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**威廉·阿瑟·刘易斯**（Sir Arthur Lewis，1915年1月23日—1991年6月15日）出生于卡斯特里（圣卢西亚），1991年6月15日在布里奇顿（巴巴多斯）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1979 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·阿瑟·刘易斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Princeton University，所在地为普林斯顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n威廉·阿瑟·刘易斯是圣卢西亚出生的经济学家，发展经济学的奠基人之一。他提出“二元经济”模型：发展中国家存在一个以传统农业为主的生存部门与一个以现代工业为主的资本主义部门，劳动力从生存部门向现代部门的转移推动了工业化与经济增长；这一“刘易斯模型”成为发展经济学的经典框架[^s1][^s2]。1979 年经济学奖由他与西奥多·舒尔茨共享[^s2]。他是首位获得诺贝尔经济学奖的黑人学者。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1979|1979 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/arthur-lewis.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1915, "month": 1, "day": 23, "precision": "day", "display": "1915年1月23日" }, "death": { "year": 1991, "month": 6, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1991年6月15日" }, "occupations": [ "经济学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q703776", "type": "person", "title": "Du Qiong", "slug": "du-qiong", "aliases": [ "杜琼" ], "summary": "Du Qiong (? – 250), Shu Han official, astronomer and diviner (died 250).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q703776", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703776" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "杜琼（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E7%93%8A" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷42（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B742" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 杜瓊字伯瑜，蜀郡成都人也。少受學於任安，精究安術。劉璋時辟為從事，先主定益州，領牧，以瓊為議曹從事。後主踐阼，拜諫議大夫，遷左中郎將、大鴻臚、太常。為人靜默少言，闔門自守，不與世事。蔣琬、費禕等皆器重之。雖學業入深，初不視天文有所論說。後近通儒譙周常問其意，瓊答曰：「欲明此術甚難，須當身視，識其形色，不可信人也。\n\n— 三国志·卷42[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 250[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_chengdu|Chengdu]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cnv_q703776_q70806|Du Qiong]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/du-qiong.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 250, "display": "250" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q178939", "type": "person", "title": "Wang Yuanji", "slug": "wang-yuanji", "aliases": [ "王元姬" ], "summary": "Wang Yuanji (217 – 268), Jin Dynasty Empress Dowager (217–268).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q178939", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178939" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "王元姬（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%83%E5%A7%AC" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "晋书/卷031（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7031" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:12+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\nBiography in 晋书/卷031[^zhengshi].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 217[^wikidata]\n- Died: 268[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_371322|Tancheng County]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124731951|Wang Yuanji]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/wang-yuanji.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 217, "display": "217" }, "death": { "year": 268, "display": "268" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_394", "type": "person", "title": "伯纳德·卡茨", "slug": "bernard-katz", "aliases": [ "Sir Bernard Katz" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-bernard-katz" ], "summary": "伯纳德·卡茨（Sir Bernard Katz，1911年3月26日—2003年4月20日）是英国神经生理学家，1970 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Bernard Katz – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1970/katz/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1970/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**伯纳德·卡茨**（Sir Bernard Katz，1911年3月26日—2003年4月20日）出生于莱比锡（德国），2003年4月20日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1970 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，伯纳德·卡茨占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmitters in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University College，所在地为伦敦（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n伯纳德·卡茨是德国出生的英国神经生理学家。他在神经肌肉接头的研究中证明，神经递质乙酰胆碱并非连续释放，而是以大小基本恒定的“量子”形式释放，释放的量子数随神经冲动而变化，从而在分子水平上阐明了突触传递的机制；他与乌尔夫·冯·奥伊勒、朱利叶斯·阿克塞尔罗德因“发现神经末梢的体液递质及其储存、释放与失活机制”共享 1970 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1970|1970 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/bernard-katz.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1911, "month": 3, "day": 26, "precision": "day", "display": "1911年3月26日" }, "death": { "year": 2003, "month": 4, "day": 20, "precision": "day", "display": "2003年4月20日" }, "occupations": [ "神经生理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q702824", "type": "person", "title": "Chen Jiao", "slug": "chen-jiao", "aliases": [ "陈矫" ], "summary": "Chen Jiao (170 – 237), politician (170-237).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702824", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702824" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "陈矫（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E7%9F%AF" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷22（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B722" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\nBiography in 三国志·卷22[^zhengshi].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 170[^wikidata]\n- Died: 237[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124306925|Chen Jiao]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/chen-jiao.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 170, "display": "170" }, "death": { "year": 237, "display": "237" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_d56876831051", "type": "person", "title": "M.斯科特·派克", "slug": "m-scott-peck", "aliases": [ "M.ScottPeck" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-m-si-ke-te-pai-ke-m-s-c-o-t-t-p-e-c-k" ], "summary": "M.斯科特·派克（1936—2005）是美国精神科医生、作家，代表作有《少有人走的路》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-264", "title": "少有人走的路", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/264", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "M.斯科特·派克（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B4%BE%E5%85%8B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:14+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**M.斯科特·派克**（M. Scott Peck，1936年—2005年）是美国精神科医生、作家，曾在美国陆军服役，后开业行医并从事心理治疗写作[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作《少有人走的路》以“人生苦难重重”为开篇，讨论自律、爱与成长，出版后长期畅销，是通俗心理学的代表作之一[^zhwiki]。\n\nM.斯科特·派克是《[[work_hnlib_176575de7af6|少有人走的路]]》[^online-264]的作者。", "url": "/people/m-scott-peck.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q17585", "type": "person", "title": "Jia Chong", "slug": "jia-chong", "aliases": [ "贾充" ], "summary": "Jia Chong (217 – 282), Chinese Jin Dynasty official (217-282).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q17585", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17585" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "贾充（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E5%85%85" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "晋书/卷040（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7040" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 賈充充婦:郭彰楊駿駿弟:珧珧弟:濟\n\n— 晋书/卷040[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 217[^wikidata]\n- Died: 282[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124653019|Jia Chong]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/jia-chong.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 217, "display": "217" }, "death": { "year": 282, "display": "282" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_37", "type": "person", "title": "钱德拉塞卡拉·拉曼", "slug": "chandrasekhara-venkata-raman", "aliases": [ "Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-chandrasekhara-venkata-raman" ], "summary": "钱德拉塞卡拉·拉曼（Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman，1888年11月7日—1970年11月21日）是印度物理学家，1930 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1930/raman/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1930/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**钱德拉塞卡拉·拉曼**（Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman，1888年11月7日—1970年11月21日）出生于蒂鲁吉拉帕利（印度），1970年11月21日在班加罗尔（印度）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1930 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 钱德拉塞卡拉·拉曼，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Calcutta University，所在地为加尔各答（印度）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n钱德拉塞卡拉·拉曼是印度物理学家。1928 年，他发现当光通过透明物质时，部分散射光的波长会发生改变——这种非弹性散射后来被称为拉曼散射，它揭示了光与分子振动之间的能量交换，成为研究分子结构与化学组成的重要光谱方法[^s1][^s2]。1930 年诺贝尔物理学奖表彰他对光散射的研究[^s2]，他是首位获得诺贝尔科学奖项的亚洲人。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1930|1930 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/chandrasekhara-venkata-raman.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1888, "month": 11, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1888年11月7日" }, "death": { "year": 1970, "month": 11, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1970年11月21日" }, "occupations": [ "物理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q704070", "type": "person", "title": "Xuan Wu", "slug": "xuan-wu", "aliases": [ "玄天上帝" ], "summary": "Xuan Wu, Taoist water deity, tutelary deity of Ming Empire.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q704070", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q704070" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "玄天上帝（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:36+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]]", "url": "/people/xuan-wu.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_43ffc915eec0", "type": "person", "title": "汉斯·法拉达", "slug": "hans-fallada", "aliases": [ "Hans Fallada", "拉达" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-fa-la-da-h-a-n-s-f-a-l-l-a-d-a" ], "summary": "汉斯·法拉达（1893—1947）是德国作家，代表作有《小人物》《每人都会死去》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1963", "title": "小人物", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1963", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "汉斯·法拉达（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E8%BE%BE" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:04+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:30:01+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**汉斯·法拉达**（Hans Fallada，1893年—1947年）是德国作家，本名鲁道夫·迪岑，作品多写魏玛共和国与纳粹时期小人物的生存[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作有《小人物》（即《小人物，大世界》）和《每人都会死去》，后者以柏林一对夫妇反抗纳粹的真实事件为原型，死后才获得世界性声誉[^zhwiki]。\n\n拉达是《[[work_hnlib_cc62211fceb6|小人物]]》[^online-1963]的作者。", "url": "/people/hans-fallada.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q182266", "type": "person", "title": "Xiang Yu", "slug": "xiang-yu", "aliases": [ "项羽" ], "summary": "Xiang Yu (231 BC – 201 BC), Chinese military leader.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q182266", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182266" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "项羽（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E7%BE%BD" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "项羽本纪（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7007" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:14+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 項羽\n\n— 项羽本纪[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 231 BC[^wikidata]\n- Died: 201 BC[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_321300|Suqian]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/xiang-yu.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": -231, "display": "231 BC" }, "death": { "year": -201, "display": "201 BC" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_323", "type": "person", "title": "查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿", "slug": "charles-sherrington", "aliases": [ "Sir Charles Scott Sherrington", "Sir Charles Sherrington" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-charles-sherrington" ], "summary": "查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿（Sir Charles Sherrington，1857年11月27日—1952年3月4日）是英国神经生理学家，1932 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Charles Sherrington – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1932/sherrington/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1932/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:59+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿**（Sir Charles Scott Sherrington，1857年11月27日—1952年3月4日）出生于伦敦（英国），1952年3月4日在伊斯特本（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1932 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 2 位得主共享，查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Oxford，所在地为牛津（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n查尔斯·谢灵顿是英国神经生理学家。他提出了“突触”概念，系统研究了脊髓反射，阐明了神经系统通过兴奋与抑制的整合来协调肌肉活动，并著有《神经活动的整合作用》，奠定了现代神经科学的基础；他与埃德加·阿德里安因“发现神经元的功能”共享 1932 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1932|1932 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/charles-sherrington.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1857, "month": 11, "day": 27, "precision": "day", "display": "1857年11月27日" }, "death": { "year": 1952, "month": 3, "day": 4, "precision": "day", "display": "1952年3月4日" }, "occupations": [ "神经生理学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q702926", "type": "person", "title": "Liu Yan", "slug": "liu-yan", "aliases": [ "刘焉" ], "summary": "Liu Yan (? – 194), Eastern Han warlord (died 194).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702926", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702926" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘焉 (益州牧)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%84%89_(%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9E%E7%89%A7)" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷31（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B731" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:39+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 劉焉字君郎，江夏竟陵人也，漢魯恭王之後裔，章帝元和中徙封竟陵，支庶家焉。\n\n— 三国志·卷31[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 194[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_429006|Tianmen]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q123580220|Liu Yan]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/liu-yan.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 194, "display": "194" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_61f087b14a38", "type": "person", "title": "查尔斯·范多伦", "slug": "charles-van-doren", "aliases": [ "Charles Van Doren", "范多伦" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-fan-duo-lun-c-h-a-r-l-e-s-v-a-n-d-o-r-a-n" ], "summary": "查尔斯·范多伦（1926—2019）是美国作家、教育家，合著有《如何阅读一本书》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-646", "title": "如何阅读一本书", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/646", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "查尔斯·范多伦（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%9A%E4%BC%A6" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:43+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**查尔斯·范多伦**（Charles Van Doren，1926年—2019年）是美国作家、教育家，出身学术世家，曾在哥伦比亚大学任教[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n他与莫蒂默·艾德勒合著《如何阅读一本书》，系统介绍检视阅读、分析阅读与主题阅读的方法；他早年因参与电视竞猜节目舞弊丑闻而广为人知[^zhwiki]。\n\n范多伦是《[[work_douban_b710bb2fb5a8|如何阅读一本书]]》[^online-646]的作者。", "url": "/people/charles-van-doren.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_c4b8353bc61a", "type": "person", "title": "吴思", "slug": "wu-si", "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-wu-si" ], "summary": "吴思（1957年生）是中国作家、历史学者，曾任《炎黄春秋》执行主编，著有《潜规则》《血酬定律》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-30", "title": "潜规则", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/30", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "吴思 - 维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E6%80%9D", "locator": "身份与代表作" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:33:17+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "## 生平\n\n吴思（1957年生）是中国作家、历史学者，早年从事新闻工作，曾任《炎黄春秋》杂志执行主编，长期研究中国历史上的权力结构与潜规则。[^wiki]\n\n## 作品\n\n吴思是《[[work_hnlib_7b53283760b2|潜规则]]》[^online-30]的作者。\n\n他的代表作有《潜规则：中国历史中的真实游戏》《血酬定律：中国历史中的生存游戏》等，提出“潜规则”“血酬定律”等概念，影响广泛。[^wiki]", "url": "/people/wu-si.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作家", "历史学者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q17061973", "type": "person", "title": "Zhen Shiyin", "slug": "zhen-shiyin", "aliases": [ "甄士隐" ], "summary": "Zhen Shiyin, Dream of the Red Chamber character.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q17061973", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17061973" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "甄士隐（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%84%E5%A3%AB%E9%9A%90" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:19+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]]", "url": "/people/zhen-shiyin.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Dream of the Red Chamber", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_nobel_219", "type": "person", "title": "西里尔·欣谢尔伍德", "slug": "cyril-hinshelwood", "aliases": [ "Sir Cyril Hinshelwood", "Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-cyril-hinshelwood" ], "summary": "西里尔·欣谢尔伍德（Sir Cyril Hinshelwood，1897年5月19日—1967年10月9日）是英国物理化学家，1956 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Cyril Hinshelwood – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1956/hinshelwood/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**西里尔·欣谢尔伍德**（Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood，1897年5月19日—1967年10月9日）出生于伦敦（英国），1967年10月9日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔化学奖由 2 位得主共享，西里尔·欣谢尔伍德占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Oxford，所在地为牛津（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n西里尔·欣谢尔伍德是英国物理化学家。他系统研究了气体反应的动力学，阐明了链式反应与支链反应的机理，解释了爆炸界限等现象，并把动力学方法应用于细菌生长等复杂过程；他与尼古拉·谢苗诺夫因“化学反应机理”方面的研究共享 1956 年诺贝尔化学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/cyril-hinshelwood.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1897, "month": 5, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "1897年5月19日" }, "death": { "year": 1967, "month": 10, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1967年10月9日" }, "occupations": [ "物理化学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q703118", "type": "person", "title": "Cao Lin", "slug": "cao-lin", "aliases": [ "曹霖" ], "summary": "Cao Lin (? – 250), imperial prince of Cao Wei (died 251).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q703118", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703118" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "曹霖（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%9C%96" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷20（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B720" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\nBiography in 三国志·卷20[^zhengshi].\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 250[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124636189|Cao Lin]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/cao-lin.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 250, "display": "250" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_ec7505b984d7", "type": "person", "title": "幾米", "slug": "ji-mi", "aliases": [ "廖福彬" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-1-9-5-8-ji-mi" ], "summary": "幾米（1958年生）是中国台湾绘本作家，以《向左走·向右走》《月亮忘记了》等绘本闻名。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-230", "title": "星空", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/230", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "幾米 - 维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%BE%E7%B1%B3", "locator": "生平与代表作" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:32:10+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "## 生平\n\n幾米（本名廖福彬，1958年生）是中国台湾绘本作家，生于宜兰，早年从事广告与插画工作，后专注绘本创作，作品以温柔细腻的画风和诗意的文字见长。[^wiki]\n\n## 作品\n\n幾米是《[[work_hnlib_7bcfac491d95|星空]]》[^online-230]的作者。\n\n他的代表作有《向左走·向右走》《月亮忘记了》《地下铁》《星空》等，多部作品被改编为电影、电视剧和音乐剧。[^wiki]", "url": "/people/ji-mi.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "绘本作家" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_1c98b457a167", "type": "person", "title": "肥志", "slug": "fei-zhi", "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-fei-zhi-bian" ], "summary": "肥志是中国漫画作者，代表作《如果历史是一群喵》系列。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1745", "title": "如果历史是一群喵.6,魏晋南北篇", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1745", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "肥志（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/肥志" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:48+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:53+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "肥志是《[[work_hnlib_95ce5120d378|如果历史是一群喵.6,魏晋南北篇]]》[^online-1745]的作者。\n\n## 生平与创作\n\n肥志是中国漫画作者，以《如果历史是一群喵》系列闻名：该系列以猫咪形象演绎中国历史人物与事件，以幽默通俗的方式面向青少年读者[^wiki]。", "url": "/people/fei-zhi.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "漫画家" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_c5a1ad4498c1", "type": "person", "title": "大卫·奥格威", "slug": "david-ogilvy", "aliases": [ "David Ogilvy", "格威" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-ao-ge-wei-d-a-v-i-d-o-g-i-l-v-y" ], "summary": "大卫·奥格威（1911—1999）是英国广告人，奥美创始人，著有《奥格威谈广告》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1754", "title": "奥格威谈广告", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1754", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "大卫·奥格威（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E6%A0%BC%E5%A8%81" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:52+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**大卫·奥格威**（David Ogilvy，1911年—1999年）是英国广告人，1948年在纽约创办奥美广告公司，被誉为现代广告业之父[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n他主张广告的目的是销售，强调调研与长标题的作用，著有《一个广告人的自白》和《奥格威谈广告》，后者总结其广告创作原则[^zhwiki]。\n\n格威是《[[work_hnlib_e82efb5fea77|奥格威谈广告]]》[^online-1754]的作者。", "url": "/people/david-ogilvy.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q702759", "type": "person", "title": "Chen Qian", "slug": "chen-qian", "aliases": [ "陈骞" ], "summary": "Chen Qian (201 – ?), a figure in Chinese history.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702759", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702759" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "陈骞（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E9%A8%AB" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "晋书·卷035（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7035" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 陳騫子輿裴秀子頠秀從弟楷楷子憲\n\n— 晋书·卷035[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Born: 201[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124654028|Chen Qian]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/chen-qian.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 201, "display": "201" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_369", "type": "person", "title": "弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特", "slug": "frank-macfarlane-burnet", "aliases": [ "Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-frank-macfarlane-burnet" ], "summary": "弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特（Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet，1899年9月3日—1985年8月31日）是澳大利亚病毒学家、免疫学家，1960 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1960/burnet/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1960/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特**（Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet，1899年9月3日—1985年8月31日）出生于特拉拉尔根（澳大利亚），1985年8月31日在墨尔本（澳大利亚）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1960 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 2 位得主共享，弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research，所在地为墨尔本（澳大利亚）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n弗兰克·伯内特是澳大利亚病毒学家、免疫学家。他提出获得性免疫耐受的理论与克隆选择学说：免疫系统在发育中学会耐受自身抗原，而针对某一抗原的淋巴细胞克隆在抗原刺激下被选择性扩增；这一理论解释了免疫识别与自身免疫的机制[^s1][^s2]。1960 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由他与彼得·梅达沃共享[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1960|1960 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/frank-macfarlane-burnet.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1899, "month": 9, "day": 3, "precision": "day", "display": "1899年9月3日" }, "death": { "year": 1985, "month": 8, "day": 31, "precision": "day", "display": "1985年8月31日" }, "occupations": [ "病毒学家", "免疫学家" ] }, { "id": "person_hnlib_b0fd195db5a9", "type": "person", "title": "成龙", "slug": "cheng-long", "aliases": [ "Jackie Chan" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-cheng-long" ], "summary": "成龙（1954年生）是中国香港演员、导演，以动作喜剧见长，代表作有《警察故事》《尖峰时刻》，获奥斯卡终身成就奖。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-477", "title": "成龙", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/477", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "成龙 - 维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%90%E9%BE%99", "locator": "生平与代表作" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:55+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:49+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "## 生平\n\n成龙（1954年生）是中国香港演员、导演、武术指导，生于香港，早年入于占元戏剧学校学习京剧，后进入电影界，以动作喜剧见长，亲自完成高难度特技动作。[^wiki]\n\n## 作品\n\n成龙是《[[work_hnlib_b0fd195db5a9|成龙]]》[^online-477]的作者。\n\n他的代表作有《醉拳》《警察故事》系列、《尖峰时刻》系列等，1990年代进军好莱坞，是首位获得奥斯卡终身成就奖的华人演员。[^wiki]", "url": "/people/cheng-long.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "演员", "导演" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_f8707682c5df", "type": "person", "title": "玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特", "slug": "mary-wollstonecraft", "aliases": [ "Mary Wollstonecraft", "沃斯通克拉夫特" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-wo-si-tong-ke-la-fu-te-m-a-r-y-w-o-l-l-s-t-o-n-e-c-r-a-f-t" ], "summary": "玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特（1759—1797）是英国作家、女权思想先驱，代表作有《女性的权利》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-2018", "title": "女性的权利", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/2018", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF%E9%80%9A%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E7%89%B9" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:49+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特**（Mary Wollstonecraft，1759年—1797年）是英国作家、女权思想先驱。她主张女子应与男子一样接受理性教育，其女是《弗兰肯斯坦》的作者玛丽·雪莱[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作《女性的权利》（即《女权辩护》，1792年）系统论证男女平等受教育的权利，被视为近代女权主义的奠基之作[^zhwiki]。\n\n沃斯通克拉夫特是《[[work_hnlib_e8c5eb962d84|女性的权利]]》[^online-2018]的作者。", "url": "/people/mary-wollstonecraft.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q702182", "type": "person", "title": "City God", "slug": "city-god", "aliases": [ "城隍" ], "summary": "City God, tutelary deities of cities, towns, and villages in Chinese folk religion.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702182", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702182" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "城隍（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E9%9A%8D" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]]", "url": "/people/city-god.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_nobel_320", "type": "person", "title": "弗雷德里克·霍普金斯", "slug": "frederick-hopkins", "aliases": [ "Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins", "Sir Frederick Hopkins" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-frederick-hopkins" ], "summary": "弗雷德里克·霍普金斯（Sir Frederick Hopkins，1861年6月20日—1947年5月16日）是英国生物化学家，1929 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Frederick Hopkins – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1929/hopkins/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1929/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:47+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**弗雷德里克·霍普金斯**（Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins，1861年6月20日—1947年5月16日）出生于伊斯特本（英国），1947年5月16日在剑桥（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1929 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 2 位得主共享，弗雷德里克·霍普金斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamins”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Cambridge，所在地为剑桥（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n弗雷德里克·霍普金斯是英国生物化学家，生物化学学科的奠基人之一。他发现了必需氨基酸色氨酸，分离出抗氧化肽谷胱甘肽，并提出食物中除蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物与矿物质之外，还含有维持生长与健康所必需的微量“辅助食品因子”——即后来的维生素；他与克里斯蒂安·艾克曼因“发现维生素”共享 1929 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖[^s1][^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1929|1929 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/frederick-hopkins.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1861, "month": 6, "day": 20, "precision": "day", "display": "1861年6月20日" }, "death": { "year": 1947, "month": 5, "day": 16, "precision": "day", "display": "1947年5月16日" }, "occupations": [ "生物化学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q702470", "type": "person", "title": "Wang Chang", "slug": "wang-chang", "aliases": [ "王昶" ], "summary": "Wang Chang (? – 259), Chinese military general and politician (died 259).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702470", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702470" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "王昶 (三国)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%B6_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B)" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷27（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B727" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 王昶字文舒，太原晉陽人也。：昶伯父柔，字叔優；父澤，字季道。曰：叔優、季道幼少之時，聞林宗有知人之鑒，共往候之，請問才行所宜，以自處業。林宗笑曰：「卿二人皆二千石才也，雖然，叔優當以仕宦顯，季道宜以經術進，若違才易務，亦不至也。」叔優等從其言。叔優至北中郎將，季道代郡太守。〉少與同郡王淩俱知名。淩年長，昶兄事之。\n\n— 三国志·卷27[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 259[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_taiyuan|Taiyuan]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124628077|Wang Chang]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/wang-chang.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 259, "display": "259" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_8b2b025e07f9", "type": "person", "title": "若泽·萨拉马戈", "slug": "jose-saramago-1922", "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-pu-ruo-ze-sa-la-ma-ge", "jose-saramago-2" ], "summary": "若泽·萨拉马戈（1922—2010）是葡萄牙作家，1998年获诺贝尔文学奖，代表作有《失明症漫记》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-404", "title": "失明症漫记", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/404", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "若泽·萨拉马戈（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%BD%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%8B%89%E9%A9%AC%E6%88%88" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:20+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:45+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "**若泽·萨拉马戈**（José Saramago，1922年—2010年）是葡萄牙作家，1998年获得诺贝尔文学奖，是迄今唯一获此奖的葡萄牙语作家[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n代表作有《修道院纪事》《失明症漫记》，后者以一场突如其来的失明症蔓延寓言社会秩序的崩溃；其小说语言长句绵密，富于讽刺与哲学思辨[^zhwiki]。\n\n若泽·萨拉马戈是《[[work_hnlib_4de7adc15bd1|失明症漫记]]》[^online-404]的作者。", "url": "/people/jose-saramago-1922.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_d03d7c627936", "type": "person", "title": "雷米", "slug": "lei-mi", "aliases": [ "刘鹏" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-lei-mi" ], "summary": "雷米是中国作家、犯罪心理学学者，中国人民公安大学教授，以《心理罪》系列闻名。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-315", "title": "心理罪", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/315", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "雷米 - 维基百科", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E7%B1%B3", "locator": "身份与代表作" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:30:45+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:45+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "## 生平\n\n雷米（原名刘鹏）是中国作家、学者，中国人民公安大学教授，主要研究犯罪心理学，长期从事犯罪心理画像研究与教学，作品以刑侦题材见长。[^wiki]\n\n## 作品\n\n雷米是《[[work_hnlib_ab433401ff23|心理罪]]》[^online-315]的作者。\n\n他的代表作有《心理罪》系列、《第七个读者》等，其中《心理罪》被改编为电影和电视剧。[^wiki]", "url": "/people/lei-mi.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作家", "犯罪心理学学者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_5ef3cf11d7b7", "type": "person", "title": "傅佩荣", "slug": "fu-pei-rong", "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-fu-pei-rong" ], "summary": "傅佩荣是台湾哲学教授，长期讲授国学经典，著有《孟子的智慧》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-51", "title": "孟子的智慧", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/51", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "wiki", "title": "傅佩荣（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/傅佩荣" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:52+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "傅佩荣是《[[work_hnlib_f753381beef2|孟子的智慧]]》[^online-51]的作者。\n\n## 生平与创作\n\n傅佩荣是台湾哲学教授，曾任台湾大学哲学系教授，长期致力于国学与《易经》《论语》《孟子》等经典的普及讲授，著有《孟子的智慧》等[^wiki]。", "url": "/people/fu-pei-rong.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "哲学家", "教授" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_cn_q17039989", "type": "person", "title": "Golden-haired Hou", "slug": "golden-haired-hou", "aliases": [ "金毛犼" ], "summary": "Golden-haired Hou, monster in Chinese legends.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q17039989", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039989" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "金毛犼（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AF%9B%E7%8A%BC" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]]\n- [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]]", "url": "/people/golden-haired-hou.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods and Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q701750", "type": "person", "title": "Pan Zhang", "slug": "pan-zhang", "aliases": [ "潘璋" ], "summary": "Pan Zhang (? – 234), Chinese general serving warlord Sun Quan (died 234).", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q701750", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701750" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "潘璋（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E7%92%8B" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "三国志·卷55（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B755" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:34:47+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Official history\n\n\u003e 潘璋字文珪，東郡發干人也。孫權爲陽羨長，始往隨權。性博蕩嗜酒，居貧，好賒酤，債家至門，輒言後豪富相還。權奇愛之，因使召募，得百餘人，遂以爲將。討山賊有功，署別部司馬。後爲吳大巿刺姧，盜賊斷絕，由是知名，遷豫章西安長。劉表在荊州，民數被寇，自璋在事，寇不入境。\n\n— 三国志·卷55[^zhengshi]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Died: 234[^wikidata]\n- Birthplace: [[place_cn_371525|Guan County]][^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayals\n\n- [[person_cn_q124149752|Pan Zhang]] (character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms)", "url": "/people/pan-zhang.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 234, "display": "234" }, "personCategory": "historical figure" }, { "id": "person_hnlib_34840532f2de", "type": "person", "title": "诺曼·麦克林恩", "slug": "norman-maclean", "aliases": [ "Norman Maclean", "麦克林恩" ], "previousSlugs": [ "hnlib-author-mai-ke-lin-en-n-o-r-m-a-n-m-a-c-l-e-a-n" ], "summary": "诺曼·麦克林恩（1902—1990）是美国作家，代表作有《大河恋》。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online-1921", "title": "大河恋", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1921", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者署名" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "诺曼·麦克林恩（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%81%A9" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:12+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "**诺曼·麦克林恩**（Norman Maclean，1902年—1990年）是美国作家，曾长期在芝加哥大学任教，讲授莎士比亚与浪漫主义诗歌[^zhwiki]。\n\n## 主要作品\n\n他晚年才出版小说，中篇小说集《大河恋》以蒙大拿的河流、飞钓与家庭记忆为题材，1992年改编为同名电影后广为人知[^zhwiki]。\n\n诺曼·麦克林恩是《[[work_hnlib_839f5e5a9867|大河恋]]》[^online-1921]的作者。", "url": "/people/norman-maclean.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "occupations": [ "作者" ], "personCategory": "作者" }, { "id": "person_nobel_965", "type": "person", "title": "格雷格·温特", "slug": "gregory-p-winter", "aliases": [ "Sir Gregory P. Winter" ], "previousSlugs": [ "sir-gregory-p-winter" ], "summary": "格雷格·温特（Sir Gregory P. Winter，1951年4月14日—）是英国分子生物学家，2018 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Sir Gregory P. Winter – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/winter/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**格雷格·温特**（Sir Gregory P. Winter，1951年4月14日—）出生于莱斯特（英国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2018 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，格雷格·温特占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the phage display of peptides and antibodies”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology，所在地为剑桥（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n格雷格·温特是英国分子生物学家。他发展了噬菌体展示技术：把抗体基因插入噬菌体，使其在表面展示抗体片段，从而可以从庞大的文库中筛选出与特定靶点结合的抗体，并进一步优化为治疗药物；这一技术催生了阿达木单抗等全人源抗体药物[^s1][^s2]。2018 年诺贝尔化学奖由他与弗朗西斯·阿诺德、乔治·史密斯共享[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2018|2018 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/gregory-p-winter.html", "lang": "en", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1951, "month": 4, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "1951年4月14日" }, "occupations": [ "分子生物学家" ] }, { "id": "person_cn_q17039772", "type": "person", "title": "Jia Yun", "slug": "jia-yun", "aliases": [ "贾芸" ], "summary": "Jia Yun, Dream of the Red Chamber character.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q17039772", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039772" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "贾芸（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%8A%B8" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T16:42:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]]", "url": "/people/jia-yun.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Dream of the Red Chamber", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" } ], "lang": "en", "pagination": { "page": 69, "pageSize": 50, "total": 50001, "pageCount": 1000, "prevUrl": "/en/search-68.json", "nextUrl": "/en/search-70.json" } }