{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "古典名著", "description": "中国古代经典著作与小说。", "url": "/en/tags/classics-3.html", "entities": [ { "id": "person_cn_q11067541", "type": "person", "title": "Zhang Shao", "slug": "zhang-shao-q11067541", "aliases": [ "张绍" ], "summary": "Zhang Shao is a character in Investiture of the Gods who sets up the Red Sand formation, one of the Ten Heavenly Lords of Golden Turtle Island. King Wu of Zhou goes in to break it himself and suffers for a hundred days inside before the Southern Pole Immortal rescues him. The Immortal fans away the red sand with the five-fire seven-bird fan, and the White Crane Boy gives Zhang Shao the fatal blow.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11067541", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11067541" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "张绍 (封神演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%BB%8D_(%E5%B0%81%E7%A5%9E%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Zhang Shao is a character in Investiture of the Gods. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled Zhang Shao, and Wikidata also lists the traditional-character form. It is a name from the novel, so the heading stays Zhang Shao. He is recorded as male, and Wikidata records a death year of 1100 BCE.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## The Red Sand formation\n\nIn the Chinese Wikipedia list of characters, Zhang Shao's name appears in the entries for the Southern Pole Immortal and King Wu of Zhou, in both cases in connection with the Red Sand formation he sets up. The Southern Pole Immortal is the eldest disciple of the Primal Beginning Heavenly Venerable. He often helps Jiang Ziya but seldom fights directly, and acts only to break Zhang Shao's Red Sand formation and the Wanxian formation of the Heavenly Teacher Tongtian. In breaking the Red Sand formation he fans the red sand away with the five-fire seven-bird fan, and then the White Crane Boy gives Zhang Shao the fatal blow.[^zhwiki]\n\n## King Wu enters the formation\n\nThe article says King Wu, Ji Fa, did not cultivate the Way and was not a general who fights at the front, and he appears very rarely in Investiture of the Gods. He comes forward in person only when Zhang Shao sets up the Red Sand formation, suffers inside it for a hundred days, and is finally rescued by the Southern Pole Immortal, which the article treats as the price he had to pay in the war. The entry on Leizhenzi also mentions that he protected King Wu in the Red Sand formation.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Affiliation\n\nThe article describes the Ten Heavenly Lords, also called nine lords and a sage, as ten practitioners of Golden Turtle Island, each in charge of a mysterious formation. After Wen Zhong lost at Xiqi, they set up their formations one after another against the Zhou officers and the Chan disciples, were all finally broken, and were afterwards invested as regular gods of the Thunder Department. The Red Sand formation is one of the ten fatal formations. The article does not give a separate life of Zhang Shao.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: character of Investiture of the Gods[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/zhang-shao-q11067541.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11068912", "type": "person", "title": "Zhang Jie", "slug": "zhang-jie-q11068912", "aliases": [ "张节" ], "summary": "Zhang Jie is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, an official of Cao Wei who holds the post of attendant gentleman of the yellow gate. When Sima Yan pressed Emperor Yuan of Wei, Cao Huan, to abdicate, he denounced Sima Yan as a usurper and was beaten to death by Sima Yan's soldiers. Wikidata records his death in 266.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11068912", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11068912" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "张节 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E7%AF%80_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Zhang Jie is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Zhang Jie and describes him as a Cao Wei minister of the novel, so the title stays the name.[^wikidata]\n\n## In the novel\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says he rises to the post of attendant gentleman of the yellow gate. When Sima Yan presses Emperor Yuan of Wei, Cao Huan, to abdicate, Zhang Jie objects and shouts that anyone who does such a thing is a traitor who steals the state. This angers Sima Yan, and Zhang Jie is beaten to death by Sima Yan's soldiers.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a minister of Cao Wei[^wikidata]\n- Realm of the setting: Great Wei[^wikidata]\n- Death year: 266, as recorded by Wikidata for the character[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/zhang-jie-q11068912.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 266, "display": "266" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11073513", "type": "person", "title": "Juliusun", "slug": "juliusun-q11073513", "aliases": [ "惧留孙" ], "summary": "Juliusun is a mythological figure of Investiture of the Gods and one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun under the Primordial Heavenly Worthy. He lives in the Feiyun cave on Mount Jialong and has Tu Xingsun as his disciple. With his talisman that turns the ground to steel and his immortal-binding rope he breaks Zhao Jiang's formation in the ten-formation battle, and he later becomes the Buddha Juliusun.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11073513", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11073513" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "惧留孙（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%A7%E7%95%99%E5%AD%99" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Juliusun is a mythological figure in Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Juliusun and describes him as a character of that novel, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Place in the story\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia list of characters of the novel says he is a disciple of the Primordial Heavenly Worthy and one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun. His own cave is the Feiyun cave on Mount Jialong, and his disciple is Tu Xingsun.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Treasures and deeds\n\nThe list says Juliusun can travel underground. He does not use this skill in the story, but Tu Xingsun, who learns it, shines in the plot. Juliusun owns a talisman that turns the ground to steel, which counters underground travel, and the immortal-binding rope. In the battle of the ten formations he breaks the earth-splitting formation set up by Zhao Jiang. The list ends by saying that he later becomes the Buddha Juliusun.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: mythological figure[^wikidata]\n- Lineage: under the Primordial Heavenly Worthy, one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun[^zhwiki]\n- Cave: Feiyun cave, Mount Jialong[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/juliusun-q11073513.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11074055", "type": "person", "title": "Cihang Daoren", "slug": "cihang-daoren-q11074055", "aliases": [ "慈航道人" ], "summary": "Cihang Daoren is a character of Investiture of the Gods, corresponding to the Daoist goddess Cihang Zhenren. The novel makes her a disciple of the Primordial Heavenly Worthy, one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun with her own cave on Mount Putuo, who later joins the Western Buddhist teaching. The cited article notes that the novel merges her with the Buddhist Guanyin.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11074055", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11074055" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "慈航道人（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%88%E8%88%AA%E9%81%93%E4%BA%BA" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Cihang Daoren is a character of Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives her Chinese label as Cihang Daoren and describes her as a character of that novel. She corresponds to the goddess Cihang Zhenren of Daoism and folk religion. This is a divine title, and the cited sources give no personal name that can be verified, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Cihang Zhenren in Daoism\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says Cihang Zhenren, also called Cihang Daoren, Cihang Xiangu and Cihang Dashi, is a goddess of Daoism and Chinese folk belief, found in works such as the Lingbao scripture and the Ming-dynasty Lidai Shenxian Tongjian. After the Tang, scholar-officials urged the unity of the three teachings, and Cihang Zhenren was gradually identified with the bodhisattva Guanyin. Folk images often take the sense of the word for a boat of compassion and show her riding a dragon, a turtle and snake, a great turtle, or a dugout canoe.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The several sources\n\nThe article lists the Daoist sources for her image. The earliest is the Lingbao scripture, written around 397 to 402. The original is lost, and the passage is known only through the Wenxuan kaoyi, which quotes Li Shan's commentary. A king of the Chanli world has a daughter named Miaoyin who cannot speak at four and is abandoned in the mountains. A divine man teaches her and she begins to speak. When a drought ravages the kingdom she shows her true form, and a flood falls from heaven. A later text, the Benxing miaojing of Cihang Yuanjun, tells the tale at greater length and gives her a white jade vase with a willow branch. The Lidai Shenxian Tongjian says a woman immortal lived in the Chaoyin cave of Luojia rock on Putuo and, according to tradition, practiced there in the time of the Shang king, helping people with elixirs and sweet dew, and that people of the southern sea called her Cihang Dashi. The Soushen ji in the Wanli-era Xu Daozang tells the story of Miaoshan, third daughter of King Miaozhuang, who becomes Guanyin.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In Investiture of the Gods\n\nThe article says the Ming-era Investiture of the Gods calls Cihang Zhenren Cihang Daoren. It makes her a disciple of the Primordial Heavenly Worthy, one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun, with her own cave, the Luojia cave on Mount Putuo, and says she later turns to the Western teaching of Buddhism. Because Putuo is the main seat of Guanyin, the novel in effect combines Daoist Cihang Zhenren and Buddhist Guanyin into one character, which may be one reason ordinary people identify the two.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Investiture of the Gods[^wikidata]\n- Titles: Cihang Zhenren, Cihang Daoren, Cihang Dashi and others[^zhwiki]\n- Cave: Luojia cave, Mount Putuo[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/cihang-daoren-q11074055.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11078118", "type": "person", "title": "Jieyin Daoren", "slug": "jieyin-daoren-q11078118", "aliases": [ "接引道人" ], "summary": "Jieyin Daoren is a character of Investiture of the Gods and, with Zhunti Daoren, a head of the Western teaching, whose role is to lead immortals of the Chan and Jie teachings who have a bond with the West to the West. He is sixteen chi tall and wears his hair in a topknot, and his treasures are the sarira, the green-lotus banner, a whisk and the pouch of heaven and earth. In the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation he gathers into the pouch all who share that bond.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11078118", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11078118" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "接引道人（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E5%BC%95%E9%81%93%E4%BA%BA" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Jieyin Daoren is a character of Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Jieyin Daoren, describes him as a character of the novel, and lists the alternative name Western Teaching Master. This is a title and the cited sources give no personal name that can be verified, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and appearance\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia list of characters of the novel says that Jieyin Daoren and Zhunti Daoren are the heads of the Western teaching. In the story their part is to lead immortals of the Chan or Jie teachings who have a bond with the Western teaching to the West. Jieyin Daoren is sixteen chi tall and wears his hair in a topknot. His treasures are the sarira, the green-lotus banner, a whisk, and the pouch of heaven and earth.[^zhwiki]\n\n## His part in the story\n\nThe list says that after the Jie teaching master Tongtian mobilizes his disciples to set up the Zhuxian and Ten Thousand Immortals formations, Laozi, the Primordial Heavenly Worthy and the two Western masters Jieyin Daoren and Zhunti Daoren all step in to help Jiang Ziya. The conflict is ended by the mediation of Hongjun. In the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation Jieyin Daoren puts into the pouch every immortal and Daoist who shares a bond with the Western teaching. One of the senior disciples of the Jie teaching, the Holy Mother Guiling, is struck by his prayer beads and returns to her form as a turtle, and the White Lotus Boy then lets mosquitoes drain her to an empty shell.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Investiture of the Gods[^wikidata]\n- Alternative name: Western Teaching Master[^wikidata]\n- Appearance: sixteen chi tall, hair in a topknot[^zhwiki]\n- Treasures: sarira, green-lotus banner, whisk, pouch of heaven and earth[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/jieyin-daoren-q11078118.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11080510", "type": "person", "title": "Dǒumǔ", "slug": "doumu-q11080510", "aliases": [ "斗姥元君" ], "summary": "Dǒumǔ, also written Doumu, is a Daoist goddess and the mother of the stars of the Northern Dipper. Daoist scriptures make her Lady Ziguang, consort of King Zhouyu in the Longhan age, who bears nine sons from golden lotus buds. She is also merged with Marichi and the Queen Mother of the West. Investiture of the Gods calls her Holy Mother Jinling, teacher of Grand Preceptor Wen, and makes her the spirit of the dipper mother of the Kan palace.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11080510", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11080510" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "斗姥元君（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%97%E5%A7%A5%E5%85%83%E5%90%9B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Dǒumǔ is a Daoist goddess. Wikidata gives her Chinese label as Doumu Yuanjun and the English form Dǒumǔ, and lists other names such as Doulao, Doumu and Doumu Yuanjun. She is the mother of the stars of the Northern Dipper. These are honorific titles and the cited sources give no personal name that can be verified, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata]\n\n## Names and origins\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says Doumu Yuanjun, also written with the variant characters for Doumu, is a Daoist goddess and the mother of the stars of the Northern Dipper. The word dou means the dipper stars, and the old form of the word mu means mother. She corresponds to King Zhouyu, called the Father of the Dipper. She appears late in Daoist belief but holds a high rank, and she was originally the Buddhist cult of the three-faced goddess Marichi. When Marichi worship reached China she was honored for prolonging life and averting disaster, and Daoists drew her into their pantheon, calling her the mother of the stars of the Northern Dipper and giving her titles such as Queen of Heaven, Mother of Heaven and Mother of the Dao. According to the Yuxia ji her birthday is the ninth day of the ninth month. In folk practice she was often confused with Mazu, the Dark Lady and Marichi.[^zhwiki]\n\n## What the scriptures say\n\nThe Lingbao Lingjiao jidu jinshu says the Primordial Heavenly Worthy made the Jade Emperor from original yang breath by day and Doumu Yuanjun from original yin breath by night. The Yuqing wushang lingbao ziran Beidou benshengzhenjing says she was the consort of a king named Zhouyu in the Longhan age, with the title Lady Ziguang, who vowed to bear holy sons to help heaven and earth. One spring day she bathed in the warm jade pool among golden lotus flowers in the rear garden. Nine lotus buds opened and nine sons were born. The two eldest are the Heavenly Sovereign and the Emperor of Ziwei, and the other seven are the seven stars of the Dipper, together known as the Nine Sovereigns. Another scripture, the Taishang xuanling Doumu daisheng yuanjun benming yansheng xinjing, treats her as a moon deity with the powers of a physician and gives her a long title that merges her with the Queen Mother of the West. The Qing-era Fanyin douke by Lou Jinyuan calls her the Ancestor of Thunder of the Nine Heavens, transformed from the planet Venus. The article also notes that her image is often three-eyed, four-headed and eight-armed, that the Qingyang Temple in Chengdu has a Doumu hall, and that the Doumu temple at Hougang in Singapore is a temple of the Nine Emperor Gods that mainly worships her.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In Investiture of the Gods\n\nThe article says the Ming novel Investiture of the Gods calls her Holy Mother Jinling, the teacher of Grand Preceptor Wen. Her skill is high and she alone stands against the three great ones Cihang, Manjusri and Samantabhadra to a draw, but she is killed by a surprise attack by Randeng Daoren with the Dinghai pearls. Later, when Jiang Ziya confers titles on the platform of investiture, he makes Holy Mother Jinling the spirit of the dipper mother of the Kan palace, in charge of the groups of stars and of lucky and baleful influences, as mother of the northern, southern, eastern, western and central dippers.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: Daoist goddess, mother of the Northern Dipper stars[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Other names: Doulao, Doumu, Doumu Yuanjun, Doulao Tianzun and others[^wikidata]\n- Birthday: the ninth day of the ninth month, according to the Yuxia ji[^zhwiki]\n- Counterpart in the novel: Holy Mother Jinling, made the spirit of the dipper mother of the Kan palace[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/doumu-q11080510.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11089105", "type": "person", "title": "Zhong Jin", "slug": "zhong-jin-q11089105", "aliases": [ "锺进" ], "summary": "Zhong Jin is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms who does not appear in the standard histories. He is the younger brother of Zhong Yao, governor of Chang'an, and a commander under Cao Cao in the novel. When Ma Chao attacks Chang'an, he guards the west gate and is cut down by Pang De when he runs to put out a fire at night.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11089105", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11089105" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "锺进（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8D%BE%E9%80%B2" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Zhong Jin is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his label as Zhong Jin, written with the traditional form of the character zhong, and describes him as a general under Cao Cao in the novel, so the title stays this name. The Chinese Wikipedia article states plainly that he is not recorded in the standard histories.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nThe article says he is the younger brother of Zhong Yao, governor of Chang'an. When Ma Chao marches against Chang'an to avenge his father, Zhong Jin helps his brother hold the city and guards the west gate. At night a fire breaks out at the west gate. He goes to put it out, and Ma Chao's men slip into the city in the confusion. Ma Chao's officer Pang De attacks at night and cuts Zhong Jin down from his horse with one stroke. Pang De then opens the west gate and lets Ma Chao into Chang'an, and Zhong Yao flees.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a general under Cao Cao[^wikidata]\n- Kin: younger brother of Zhong Yao, governor of Chang'an[^zhwiki]\n- Realm of the setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/zhong-jin-q11089105.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11089855", "type": "person", "title": "Puxian Zhenren", "slug": "puxian-zhenren-q11089855", "aliases": [ "普贤真人" ], "summary": "Puxian Zhenren is a character of Investiture of the Gods, a disciple of the Primordial Heavenly Worthy and one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun, with his own cave on Mount Jiugong and the disciple Mu Zha. In the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation he subdues Lingya Xian, who reverts to a white elephant and becomes his mount. He later turns to the West and becomes the bodhisattva Puxian.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11089855", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11089855" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "普贤真人（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%B4%A4%E7%9C%9F%E4%BA%BA" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Puxian Zhenren is a character of Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Puxian Zhenren and describes him as a character of that novel. This is an immortal's title in the book, and the cited sources give no personal name that can be verified, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata]\n\n## Place in the story\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia list of characters of the novel says Puxian Zhenren is a disciple of the Primordial Heavenly Worthy and one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun. He has his own cave, the White Crane cave on Mount Jiugong, and the disciple Mu Zha.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Deeds\n\nThe list records two episodes. When Yuan Jiao sets up the cold-ice formation, Puxian Zhenren steps into it on an auspicious cloud, is unharmed, and breaks the formation. In the Ten Thousand Immortals Formation he uses the Taiji talisman seal, borrowed from the Primordial Heavenly Worthy, to hold down Lingya Xian's formation of the two forms, and at the same time reveals his true body. He binds the helpless Lingya Xian with the long-rainbow rope, and Lingya Xian shows his true form, a white elephant. The elephant later becomes Puxian's mount, and Puxian later turns to the West and becomes the bodhisattva Puxian.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Investiture of the Gods[^wikidata]\n- Lineage: under the Primordial Heavenly Worthy, one of the twelve immortals of Kunlun[^zhwiki]\n- Cave: White Crane cave, Mount Jiugong[^zhwiki]\n- Disciple: Mu Zha[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/puxian-zhenren-q11089855.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q110943983", "type": "person", "title": "Gao Qiu", "slug": "gao-qiu-shuihu-q110943983-q716202", "aliases": [ "高俅" ], "summary": "Gao Qiu is a fictional character in Water Margin, holding the rank of grand marshal in the Northern Song. He is also recorded under the forms Grand Marshal Gao and Commander Gao of the Palace Guard. The figure is based on the historical Gao Qiu. This entry rests on Wikidata alone, so only a few facts can be confirmed.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q110943983", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110943983" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Gao Qiu is a figure in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Gao Qiu and describes him as a fictional character in Water Margin, a grand marshal of the Northern Song, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and forms of address\n\nWikidata records him as a character of Water Margin and a grand marshal of the Northern Song, with the occupation of political figure. The same record lists the forms Gao Er, two variant spellings of Gao Qiu, Grand Marshal Gao and Commander Gao of the Palace Guard. The last two are titles of office, not another name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Relation to the historical man\n\nThe novel's figure is based on the historical person [[person_cn_q716202|Gao Qiu]]. This entry covers the figure in the book, and the historical Gao Qiu has an entry of his own.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin, grand marshal of the Northern Song[^wikidata]\n- Other forms: Gao Er, variant spellings of Gao Qiu, Grand Marshal Gao, Commander Gao of the Palace Guard[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/gao-qiu-shuihu-q110943983-q716202.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11096850", "type": "person", "title": "Li Chunxiang", "slug": "li-chunxiang-q11096850", "aliases": [ "李春香" ], "summary": "Li Chunxiang is a fictional character in chapter 57 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the concubine of the attendant gentleman Huang Kui, who is secretly involved with Huang Kui's brother-in-law Miao Ze. At Miao Ze's urging she draws out Huang Kui's plan to kill Cao Cao and tells Miao Ze, who informs Cao Cao, and Huang Kui and Ma Teng are killed. Cao Cao despises Miao Ze for it and has him and Li Chunxiang executed together.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11096850", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11096850" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "李春香（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%A5%E9%A6%99" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Li Chunxiang is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives her Chinese label as Li Chunxiang and records her as the concubine of Huang Kui, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Who she is\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says she is the concubine of the attendant gentleman Huang Kui and is secretly involved with Miao Ze, the younger brother of Huang Kui's wife.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The events of chapter 57\n\nIn the novel, Huang Kui has agreed with Ma Teng to kill Cao Cao. He comes home still angry, and when his wife presses him he will not say why. Miao Ze wants Li Chunxiang for himself and has no way to get her. Seeing Huang Kui's anger, Li Chunxiang asks Miao Ze about it, and he tells her to provoke Huang Kui by asking why everyone calls Liu Bei humane and Cao Cao treacherous. That night Huang Kui comes to her room and, drunk, says that what he hates is that he wants to kill Cao Cao and has arranged with General Ma to do it the next day when troops are mustered outside the city. Li Chunxiang tells Miao Ze, and Miao Ze reports it to Cao Cao. Cao Cao makes his dispositions, seizes Huang Kui's whole household, and the next day ambushes Ma Teng outside the city and captures him and his sons. Huang Kui, Ma Teng and Ma Xiu are put to death.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Her end\n\nMiao Ze tells Cao Cao he wants no reward and asks only for Li Chunxiang as his wife. Cao Cao laughs and says that for the sake of one woman he has destroyed his brother-in-law's whole family, and asks what use such a man is. He has Miao Ze and Li Chunxiang beheaded in the market together with Huang Kui's household, and the onlookers sigh. The Chinese Wikipedia article sums this up by saying that Cao Cao saw how base Miao Ze was and had him and Li Chunxiang executed together.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, concubine of Huang Kui[^wikidata]\n- Realm of the setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/li-chunxiang-q11096850.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11098359", "type": "person", "title": "Li Gui", "slug": "li-gui-q11098359", "aliases": [ "李鬼" ], "summary": "Li Gui is a character in chapter 42 of Water Margin, a bandit in Yishui county of Yizhou who passes himself off as Li Kui. Li Kui, on his way down the mountain to fetch his mother, meets him. Li Gui lies that he has a ninety-year-old mother, is spared and given ten taels of silver, but later plots with his wife to poison Li Kui when he lodges at their house. The plot fails and Li Gui is killed. Today Li Gui, set against Li Kui, means a fake or counterfeit.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11098359", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11098359" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "李鬼（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%AC%BC" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Li Gui is a character in Water Margin who appears in chapter 42. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Li Gui, describes him as a fictional character in the novel and records the Great Song as the setting of the work, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Posing as Li Kui\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says Li Gui was originally a bandit in Yishui county of Yizhou who robbed under the name of Li Kui, and he happened to run into the real Li Kui, who had come down the mountain to fetch his old mother. Li Gui falsely claimed to have a mother of ninety. Li Kui spared him and even gave him ten taels of silver.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The failed plot\n\nLater Li Kui unknowingly sought lodging at Li Gui's house. Li Gui and his wife plotted to poison Li Kui and take his money. Li Kui found out, and Li Gui was killed when the plan failed. Li Kui even cut two pieces of flesh from the dead man's leg and roasted them to eat. Li Gui's wife escaped in the confusion. In the county town she recognized Li Kui and, with Squire Cao, reported him to the authorities, and Li Kui was arrested. The brothers Zhu Gui and Zhu Fu rescued him and killed Li Gui's wife, Squire Cao and others.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The word today\n\nThe article adds that the name Li Gui is now used as a word, usually set against Li Kui, to mean a fake or counterfeit.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin[^wikidata]\n- Realm of the setting: Great Song[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/li-gui-q11098359.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q111027783", "type": "person", "title": "Cai Jing", "slug": "cai-jing-shuihu-q111027783-q1146610", "aliases": [ "蔡京" ], "summary": "Cai Jing is a fictional character in Water Margin who holds the rank of grand preceptor and is also called Grand Preceptor Cai. The figure is based on the historical Cai Jing. This entry rests on Wikidata alone, so only a few facts can be confirmed.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q111027783", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111027783" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Cai Jing is a figure in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Cai Jing and describes him as a character of Water Margin who holds the rank of grand preceptor, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and forms of address\n\nWikidata records him as a character of Water Margin and a grand preceptor, with the occupation of political figure, and lists the further form Grand Preceptor Cai. Grand preceptor is an office, and Grand Preceptor Cai addresses him by that office, so it is not another name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Relation to the historical man\n\nThe novel's figure is based on the historical person [[person_cn_q1146610|Cai Jing]]. This entry covers the figure in the book, and the historical Cai Jing has an entry of his own.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin, grand preceptor[^wikidata]\n- Other form: Grand Preceptor Cai[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/cai-jing-shuihu-q111027783-q1146610.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11105909", "type": "person", "title": "Lin Ruhai", "slug": "lin-ruhai-q11105909", "aliases": [ "林如海" ], "summary": "Lin Ruhai is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber and the father of Lin Daiyu. He comes from a noble house that has passed down its title for generations and is also a family of scholars. He passes the imperial examination as tanhua, serves as a grand master of the Lantai office, and is later posted out to Yangzhou as salt censor. His wife Jia Min is a daughter of the Lady Dowager. Their son dies at three, Jia Min dies when Daiyu is six, and he dies of illness when she is ten.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11105909", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11105909" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "林如海（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%A6%82%E6%B5%B7" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Lin Ruhai is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber and the father of Lin Daiyu. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article use Lin Ruhai as the name. Wikidata also records the variant Lin Hai and the courtesy name Ruhai, but Lin Ruhai is the form in common use in the book, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Origins and career\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says he comes from a marquis house that has handed down its noble rank for generations, and is also a family of scholars. He rose through the examinations, placed as tanhua, and served as a grand master of the Lantai office, that is, a supervising censor of the Censorate. He was later posted out to Yangzhou as salt censor.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Family and death\n\nHis wife Jia Min is a daughter of Jia Daishan of the Rongguo house and of Lady Shi, the Lady Dowager. They had a son and a daughter. The son died young, at three. When their daughter Daiyu was six, Jia Min died of illness. The Lady Dowager pitied her lonely granddaughter and brought Daiyu to the Jia house to be raised. When Daiyu was ten, Lin Ruhai fell gravely ill and died.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Lin Ruhai, with the variant Lin Hai and the courtesy name Ruhai[^wikidata]\n- Role: character of Dream of the Red Chamber, father of Lin Daiyu[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Offices: grand master of the Lantai office, later salt censor at Yangzhou[^zhwiki]\n- Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/lin-ruhai-q11105909.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Dream of the Red Chamber", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11125726", "type": "person", "title": "Yin Hong", "slug": "yin-hong-q11125726", "aliases": [ "殷洪" ], "summary": "Yin Hong is a character of Investiture of the Gods, said to be the second legitimate son of King Zhou of Shang by Empress Jiang and a younger brother of Yin Jiao, with the rank of commandery prince. He is rescued and taught by Chijingzi, but on going down the mountain to help the Zhou he is swayed by Shen Gongbao and fights for the Shang. His teacher captures him with the Taiji diagram and burns him to ashes, and he is later made the spirit of the star of the five grains. Daoism also honors him as a guardian deity, popularly called Little Marshal Yin.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11125726", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11125726" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "殷洪（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E6%B4%AA" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Yin Hong is a character of Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Yin Hong, describes him as a character of the novel and records the Shang as the dynasty of the setting, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Identity\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says Yin Hong is a well-known guardian deity of Daoism, enfeoffed as Marshal Weili Yade, deputy official of the earth-office Year Star, and popularly called Little Marshal Yin, whose task is to assist his elder brother Yin Jiao. In the myth he is said to be the second legitimate son of King Zhou of Shang, a prince of the Shang.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In Investiture of the Gods\n\nIn the novel Yin Jiao and Yin Hong are sons of Empress Jiang. Yin Jiao is the crown prince and Yin Hong a commandery prince. After Daji contrives the death of Empress Jiang, the two princes are condemned to death for plotting to kill the king. They ask Huang Feihu for help and are taken out of Chaoge by the brothers Fang Bi and Fang Xiang, but are caught again by Yin Poba and Lei Kai. Before the execution, Guangchengzi saves Yin Jiao and Chijingzi saves Yin Hong. The two immortals meant to raise the princes into helpers of King Wu of Zhou and Jiang Ziya, to help King Wu overthrow the Shang, so they teach them magic and give them divine weapons. Yin Hong receives the purple-ribbon immortal robe, the yin-yang mirror and the water-and-fire blade, and Yin Jiao the sky-turning seal, the soul-dropping bell and the male-and-female swords. The two also swear a terrible oath to raise up the Zhou and conquer the Shang, on pain of a cruel death, and go down the mountain to help King Wu and Jiang Ziya.[^zhwiki]\n\nOn the way Yin Hong meets Shen Gongbao, Jiang Ziya's bitter enemy. Shen Gongbao baits him with family feeling and persuades him to join the Shang camp. Yin Hong's magic is strong and at first troubles the Zhou army badly, but in the end his own teacher Chijingzi captures him with the Taiji diagram. He is burned inside the diagram until his body turns to ashes. After his death he is made the spirit of the star of the five grains.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Investiture of the Gods, second son of King Zhou[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Death year: 1100 BC, as recorded by Wikidata for the character[^wikidata]\n- Realm of the setting: Shang[^wikidata]\n- Divine posts: Marshal Weili Yade, popularly Little Marshal Yin; in the novel the spirit of the star of the five grains[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^zhwiki]", "url": "/people/yin-hong-q11125726.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11125769", "type": "person", "title": "Yin Jiao", "slug": "yin-jiao-q11125769", "aliases": [ "殷郊" ], "summary": "Yin Jiao, also written with a different second character (殷交), is a famed guardian deity of Daoism and said to be the leader of the sixty Tai Sui star lords. In Investiture of the Gods he is the crown prince of King Zhou of Shang, studies the Dao under Guangchengzi, and is sent down the mountain to help the Zhou, but is turned by Shen Gongbao, fights against the Zhou, is defeated by Jiang Ziya and Randeng Daoren, and dies by the plow. He is then made the Tai Sui spirit of the ruling year. His brother is Yin Hong.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11125769", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11125769" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "殷郊（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AE%B7%E9%83%8A" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Yin Jiao, also written with a different second character (殷交), is a famed guardian deity of Daoism, said to be the leader of the sixty Tai Sui star lords, and in Investiture of the Gods the crown prince of King Zhou of Shang. Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article both use the name Yin Jiao, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Where the name comes from\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says the name Yin Jiao appears fairly late. The earlier name in the texts is Marshal Yin, found in the Summoning Spell of Marshal Yin in volume five of the Daoist Taishang sandong shenzhou, which dates from between the Song and Yuan. Peng Yuantai's Tianxin disi dafa, with a preface of 1274, in the Daofa huiyuan, gives a long title ending in Yin Jiao and several spells for summoning him, which shows that the Daoist view of Yin Jiao as Tai Sui existed by the late Southern Song at the latest. The Yuan-era Sanjiao yuanliu soushen daquan by Qin Zijin has a Tai Sui, Marshal Yin, whose account runs to more than 650 characters and mostly resembles Investiture of the Gods, showing that the legend was already formed in the Song. Wikidata also lists the forms Marshal Yin, Heavenly Lord Yin and True Lord of Utmost Virtue.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n\n## Yin Jiao in the Sanjiao yuanliu soushen daquan\n\nIn this book Yin Jiao is the crown prince of King Zhou. His mother conceived him by stepping on a giant's footprint, and he was born as a ball of flesh. Daji proposed that the king throw him out into the wilds, hence the name Jiao, meaning the outskirts. His mother was killed by Daji, and Yin Jiao was carried off by the Daoist Shen and became accomplished under him, gained many treasures, subdued a spirit and a crow general, and killed twelve skeleton spirits. He later helped King Wu of Zhou defeat the Shang and cut down Daji with his own hands. The Jade Emperor made him Roving Envoy of the Earth Office of the Nine Heavens and Marshal of Killing and Authority of the Tai Sui of Utmost Virtue, and he appears as a child with three heads and six arms.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In Investiture of the Gods\n\nIn the novel Yin Jiao is the crown prince of the Shang. After his mother Empress Jiang is killed, he is pressed by his stepmother Daji and hunted by the king, and Guangchengzi saves him and takes him to Mount Jiuxian to practice the Dao. When his training is done he goes down the mountain at Guangchengzi's order with treasures such as the sky-turning seal to help King Wu overthrow the Shang. On the way he meets Shen Gongbao, who tells him his brother Yin Hong is dead, and he resolves to avenge his brother, turns against his oath and joins the Shang in attacking King Wu. He is defeated by Jiang Ziya and Randeng Daoren, drawn into Mount Qi, and dies by the plow. When Jiang Ziya prepares the investiture list, Yin Jiao's spirit is made the Tai Sui spirit who rules the year.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Worship\n\nThe article lists temples that worship him. At the Tin Hau temple on Tung Ping Chau and the Hung Shing temple on Cheung Chau in Hong Kong he is a secondary deity as the Tai Sui star lord. In Taiwan some temples make him the main god of a Tai Sui hall and others honor him as a guardian of the Jade Emperor. Many celebrate his birthday on the nineteenth of the seventh lunar month.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: Daoist guardian deity, leader of the Tai Sui; in Investiture of the Gods the crown prince of King Zhou[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Variant writing: 殷交, with a different second character[^zhwiki]\n- Death year: 1100 BC, as recorded by Wikidata for the character[^wikidata]\n- Brother: Yin Hong[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/yin-jiao-q11125769.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q111309829", "type": "person", "title": "Emperor Huizong of Song", "slug": "emperor-huizong-song-shuihu-q111309829-q7486", "aliases": [ "宋徽宗" ], "summary": "Emperor Huizong of Song is a figure in Water Margin, an emperor of the Song in the novel, who is also recorded under the forms Prince Duan and the Daoist Lord Emperor. The figure is based on the historical Emperor Huizong of Song. This entry rests on Wikidata alone, so only a few facts can be confirmed.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q111309829", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111309829" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Emperor Huizong of Song is a figure in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives the Chinese label for this character as Huizong and describes him as a Water Margin character and an emperor of the Song. Huizong is a temple name, not a personal name, and Wikidata gives no personal name for this figure, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and forms of address\n\nWikidata records him as a character of Water Margin and an emperor of the Song, with the occupation of political figure. The same record lists the forms Prince Duan, Emperor Huizong of Song, Daoist Lord Emperor and Daoist Lord Son of Heaven. Prince Duan is a princely title and the Daoist Lord forms are honorific, so none of them is a name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Relation to the historical man\n\nThe novel's figure is based on the historical person [[person_cn_q7486|Emperor Huizong of Song]]. This entry covers the figure in the book, and the historical emperor has an entry of his own.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin, emperor of the Song[^wikidata]\n- Forms of address: Prince Duan, Emperor Huizong of Song, Daoist Lord Emperor, Daoist Lord Son of Heaven[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/emperor-huizong-song-shuihu-q111309829-q7486.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11153606", "type": "person", "title": "Demon King of Confusion", "slug": "demon-king-confusion-q11153606", "aliases": [ "混世魔王" ], "summary": "The Demon King of Confusion is a monster in Journey to the West, tall, carrying a great sword, able to ride the clouds, and living in the Shuizang cave of Mount Kanyuan. While Sun Wukong is away learning the arts, he seizes the monkeys of Flower-Fruit Mountain as slaves, and is killed by Sun Wukong on his return, the first monster Sun Wukong defeats. The name is also used for a person of great power who defies all rules.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11153606", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11153606" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "混世魔王（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E4%B8%96%E9%AD%94%E7%8E%8B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "The Demon King of Confusion is a monster in Journey to the West. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Hunshi Mowang, with the English name Demon King of Confusion and the further alias Sovereign Devil of Confusion, and describes him as a character of that novel. This is the title the book gives the monster, and the cited sources give no personal name, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In Journey to the West\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says he is the first monster Sun Wukong defeats. He wields a great sword and can ride the clouds. He is tall, carries the sword, and lives in the Shuizang cave of Mount Kanyuan. While Sun Wukong has left the Water Curtain Cave to learn from the Patriarch Subhuti, the demon king forces the monkeys of Flower-Fruit Mountain to be his slaves and takes some young monkeys and their belongings. Sun Wukong, just back from his studies and about to take back Flower-Fruit Mountain, kills him.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In other works\n\nThe article also says that in the Sanbao taijian xiyang ji he fights the Mysterious Lady of the Nine Heavens for seven days and nights on Mount Mojie without either winning, and is finally sealed in a basket by her. The name Demon King of Confusion is today also used of a person of great power who defies all rules and gives others a headache.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Journey to the West, a monster[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Dwelling: the Shuizang cave of Mount Kanyuan[^zhwiki]\n- Weapon: a great sword[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/demon-king-confusion-q11153606.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q111660221", "type": "person", "title": "Tong Guan", "slug": "tong-guan-shuihu-q111660221-q707756", "aliases": [ "童贯" ], "summary": "Tong Guan is a fictional character in Water Margin, also recorded under the form Privy Councillor Tong. The figure is based on the historical Tong Guan. This entry rests on Wikidata alone, so only a few facts can be confirmed.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q111660221", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111660221" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "Tong Guan is a figure in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label in traditional characters, gives the English name Tong Guan and describes him as a Water Margin character, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and forms of address\n\nWikidata records him as a character of Water Margin, with the occupation of political figure, and lists the simplified spelling of the name and the form Privy Councillor Tong. Privy councillor is an office, and Privy Councillor Tong addresses him by that office, so it is not another name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Relation to the historical man\n\nThe novel's figure is based on the historical person [[person_cn_q707756|Tong Guan]]. This entry covers the figure in the book, and the historical Tong Guan has an entry of his own.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin[^wikidata]\n- Other form: Privy Councillor Tong[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/tong-guan-shuihu-q111660221-q707756.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11174510", "type": "person", "title": "Jin Yuanyang", "slug": "yuanyang-q11174510", "aliases": [ "鸳鸯" ], "summary": "Jin Yuanyang is the senior maid of the Lady Dowager in Dream of the Red Chamber, a household-born slave of the Jia family and the Lady Dowager's trusted right hand. Her brother Jin Wenxiang is the purchasing agent of the Lady Dowager's rooms. When Jia She wants to take her as a concubine she swears she would die before yielding, and she is freed from his pursuit only when the Lady Dowager steps in. In the last forty chapters she hangs herself in despair after the Lady Dowager's death.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11174510", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11174510" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "鸳鸯 (红楼梦)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B8%B3%E9%B8%AF_(%E7%BA%A2%E6%A5%BC%E6%A2%A6)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Jin Yuanyang is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber. The Chinese Wikipedia article says her surname is Jin and her given name Yuanyang. Wikidata labels her Yuanyang, lists the further form Jin Yuanyang, and gives the English alias Jin Yuanyang, so the title uses the full name with the surname.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Position and family\n\nShe is a household-born slave of the Jia family, one of the senior maids who serve the Lady Dowager, and the Lady Dowager's trusted right hand. Wikidata describes her as the Lady Dowager's maid. The Chinese Wikipedia article describes her with a slender waist, sloping shoulders, an oval face, glossy black hair, a high nose, and a few light freckles on her cheeks. Her parents look after the Jia house in Nanjing, her brother Jin Wenxiang is the purchasing agent of the Lady Dowager's rooms, and her sister-in-law heads the laundry there.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n\n## Refusing Jia She\n\nIn the novel, Jia She wants to take Yuanyang as a concubine, and she flatly refuses. He insists and sends Lady Xing and Yuanyang's brother and sister-in-law to persuade and press her. She will not give way and swears that, not to speak of Baoyu, even Precious Gold, Precious Heavenly King or Precious Emperor, she will simply never marry. In chapter 46 she shows the Lady Dowager her resolve to die, saying that even if the Lady Dowager herself forced her, she would cut her throat with a knife before she obeyed. The Lady Dowager then steps in and frees her from Jia She's pursuit. Jia She says angrily that she must find him old and be in love with the young masters, and that he will submit only if she dies or never marries.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Her end and the verses\n\nIn the last forty chapters written by Gao E, after the Lady Dowager dies Yuanyang hangs herself in despair, and before dying her spirit meets the departed spirit of Qin Keqing of the twelve beauties of Jinling. The Chinese Wikipedia article also says that although she is an important female figure of the novel, she has no verse in the registers, like Ping'er.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Jin Yuanyang, with the surname Jin and given name Yuanyang[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n- Role: character of Dream of the Red Chamber, senior maid of the Lady Dowager[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Family: brother Jin Wenxiang; sister-in-law in charge of laundry in the Lady Dowager's rooms[^zhwiki]\n- Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/yuanyang-q11174510.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Dream of the Red Chamber", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q111747615", "type": "person", "title": "Li Shishi", "slug": "li-shishi-shuihu-q111747615-q6539077", "aliases": [ "李师师" ], "summary": "Li Shishi is a character in Water Margin whom Wikidata describes as a courtesan of Bianjing, and who is also recorded under the form Li Xingshou. The figure is based on the historical Li Shishi. This entry rests on Wikidata alone, so only a few facts can be confirmed.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q111747615", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111747615" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Li Shishi is a figure in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives her Chinese label in traditional characters, gives the English name Li Shishi, and describes her as a Water Margin character and a courtesan of Bianjing, so the title stays this name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Identity and forms of address\n\nWikidata records her as a character of Water Margin whose description places her in Bianjing, and lists the simplified spelling of her name and the form Li Xingshou. Li Xingshou is an alternative form, and the record gives no other personal name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Relation to the historical woman\n\nThe novel's figure is based on the historical person [[person_cn_q6539077|Li Shishi]]. This entry covers the figure in the book, and the historical Li Shishi has an entry of her own.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Water Margin, a courtesan of Bianjing[^wikidata]\n- Other form: Li Xingshou[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/li-shishi-shuihu-q111747615-q6539077.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11175285", "type": "person", "title": "Sheyue", "slug": "sheyue-q11175285", "aliases": [ "麝月" ], "summary": "Sheyue is a maid at Jia Baoyu's side in Dream of the Red Chamber, second only to Xiren in the Yihong Court, honest and steady in manner. In chapter 63 she draws the tuMi flower lot, which hints that after the fall of the Jia family she will be the last maid left beside Baoyu and Baochai. After Baoyu becomes a monk only she and Baochai remain to depend on each other, a sad end that moves the commentators.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11175285", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11175285" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "麝月（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%9D%E6%9C%88" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "Sheyue is a character in Dream of the Red Chamber and a maid of Jia Baoyu. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article use Sheyue, and the cited sources give neither a surname nor another name for her, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Her place in the Yihong Court\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says Sheyue is a maid at Jia Baoyu's side and ranks second only to Xiren in the Yihong Court. She is honest and steady, and seems like another Xiren.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The lot and her end\n\nIn the drinking game of chapter 63, Sheyue draws the tuMi flower lot, which reads that the flower's finest days are past and that when tuMi blooms the flower season is over. The article says that by this hint, after the Jia family falls, Sheyue will be the last maid to remain beside Baoyu and Baochai. As support it cites a comment by Zhiyan zhai at chapter 20 that after Xiren marries away, she should by all means keep Sheyue. After Baoyu leaves to become a monk, only Sheyue and Baochai are left to depend on each other, which the article calls a very sad end, and the commentators on the manuscript feel pity for her. The article adds that the hint of chapter 63 points to her sad end, but the continuing author did not notice it.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Sheyue[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Role: character of Dream of the Red Chamber, maid of Jia Baoyu[^wikidata]\n- Setting recorded on this entry: the dynasty of the novel[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q8265|Dream of the Red Chamber]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/sheyue-q11175285.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Dream of the Red Chamber", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11176387", "type": "person", "title": "Huang Wenbing", "slug": "huang-wenbing-q11176387", "aliases": [ "黄文炳" ], "summary": "Huang Wenbing is a fictional character in Water Margin, an idle assistant prefect of Wuwei Army in Jiangzhou, capable but narrow-minded, fawning on the powerful and spiteful, nicknamed Wasp Sting. When he finds the rebellious poem Song Jiang wrote at Xunyang Tower he reports it eagerly, and he sees through the false letter carried by Dai Zong and urges that both men be executed, until the Liangshan band raids the execution ground and rescues them. Song Jiang then takes revenge, and Zhang Shun captures him alive and he is put to death.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11176387", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11176387" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "黄文炳 (水浒传)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%96%87%E7%82%B3_(%E6%B0%B4%E6%BB%B8%E5%82%B3)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Huang Wenbing is a fictional character in Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Huang Wenbing in traditional characters, records his nickname Wasp Sting, and lists the form Assistant Prefect Huang. The nickname and the office are not names, so the title stays Huang Wenbing.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Who he is\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia article says he is an idle assistant prefect of Wuwei Army in Jiangzhou, capable but narrow-minded, fawning on the powerful, harsh and spiteful, nicknamed Wasp Sting. Wikidata records him as a fictional character of Water Margin with the occupation of political figure and the Great Song as the setting.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n\n## Denouncing Song Jiang\n\nHe is set on rising in the world. When he finds the rebellious poem Song Jiang wrote at Xunyang Tower, he sees a chance not to be missed and reports it, hoping to use Song Jiang's head as his step to promotion, and he schemes to bring Song Jiang to his death. He also sees through the false letter carried by Dai Zong, and advises Cai Dezhang to execute both men on the charge of inventing wild rumors and colluding with bandits. The Liangshan heroes then raid the execution ground and rescue the two.[^zhwiki]\n\n## His end\n\nSong Jiang, angry that Huang Wenbing, who had no grievance against him, was bent on killing him, joined Chao Gai and other Liangshan heroes to burn his house, and of his whole family only his elder brother Huang Wenhua, kind-hearted and nicknamed Buddha Huang, was spared. Huang Wenbing himself, hurrying back in alarm, was captured alive by Zhang Shun and put to death by slow slicing at the hand of Li Kui. The article also lists the thirty men who took part, thirteen from Jiangzhou and seventeen from Liangshan.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: fictional character of Water Margin, assistant prefect of Wuwei Army in Jiangzhou[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Nickname: Wasp Sting; form of address: Assistant Prefect Huang[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Realm of the setting: Great Song[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/huang-wenbing-q11176387.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11177289", "type": "person", "title": "Huang Tianhua", "slug": "huang-tianhua-q11177289", "aliases": [ "黄天化" ], "summary": "Huang Tianhua is the eldest son of Huang Feihu in Investiture of the Gods and a disciple of the Perfected Lord of Pure Void. Taken as a pupil at three, he comes down the mountain at sixteen to help his father, kills the Four Generals of the Mo family with his heart-piercing nails, and becomes a commander of Xiqi. On the eastern campaign he is killed by Gao Jineng at Jinji Ridge, and after death is made Lord Bingling, in charge of the three mountains.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11177289", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11177289" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "黄天化（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%A4%A9%E5%8C%96" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Huang Tianhua is a character of Investiture of the Gods. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as Huang Tianhua, describes him as a character of the novel, and lists the alternative names Lord Bingling in two spellings. The title stays the personal name, and Lord Bingling is the divine post he is given after death.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Origins and training\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia list of characters of the novel says Huang Tianhua is the eldest son of Huang Feihu and a disciple of the Perfected Lord of Pure Void. At three, while playing in the rear garden, he was taken away by the Perfected Lord and made his pupil, and Huang Feihu knew nothing of it beforehand.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Coming down the mountain to help his father\n\nWhen Huang Tianhua was sixteen, Huang Feihu rebelled against Chaoge because Daji had brought about the deaths of his wife and sister, and was struck dead on the road by the Tongguan commander Chen Tong with a fire-dragon dart, so the Perfected Lord sent Huang Tianhua down the mountain to help his father. Hearing of his mother's sad fate, he swore to go to Chaoge to avenge her. He took in Chen Tong's fire-dragon dart with a flower basket, cut Chen Tong down, and returned to report to his teacher. When the Xiqi army was fighting the Four Generals of the Mo family he came down again, but after coming down he broke the vegetarian rule and exchanged his Daoist robe for a warrior's dress. These two acts shortened his fate, and he lost to Mo Liqing of the four. His teacher luckily saved him with an elixir and gave him a treasure, the heart-piercing nails. He came down once more, killed the Four Generals, and became one of the commanders of Xiqi.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Appearance and temper\n\nThe list says he is nine chi tall, with a face like mutton fat, rides a jade qilin, and fights with two silver hammers. He is fierce by temper. On first coming down he did not know that his mother had been killed by King Zhou, assumed his father had left her behind in his flight, and called his father cruel without asking. After being hurt by Deng Chanyu's five-light stones, and again after being captured by Tu Xingsun, he quarreled with Nezha, who had suffered the same.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Death and investiture\n\nOn the eastern campaign the Perfected Lord of Pure Void saw that his path was likely to end badly, and told him not to fight any enemy general whose name contained gao or neng, and to avoid golden roosters and wasps, but he did not take it in. When the army reached Jinji Ridge, held by Kong Xuan, commander of Yuansan Pass, he charged first and killed Kong Xuan's officer Chen Geng, his first and last victory. Jiang Ziya could not beat Kong Xuan and planned a night raid. During it, Huang Tianhua's mount was stung by the wasps that the enemy general Gao Jineng released, he fell, and Gao Jineng speared him to death. After death he is made Lord Bingling, in charge of the three mountains of Fangzhang, Penglai and Yingzhou.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Identity: character of Investiture of the Gods, eldest son of Huang Feihu[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Teacher: the Perfected Lord of Pure Void[^zhwiki]\n- Divine post: Lord Bingling, also spelled in a second form[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Younger brothers: Huang Tianlu, Huang Tianjue, Huang Tianxiang[^zhwiki]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q1336310|Investiture of the Gods]][^wikidata]", "url": "/people/huang-tianhua-q11177289.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Investiture of the Gods", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11180804", "type": "person", "title": "Gong Qi", "slug": "gong-qi-q11180804", "aliases": [ "龚起" ], "summary": "Gong Qi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, an auxiliary general of Shu Han. In chapter 97 he is killed by the Wei general Wang Shuang, and Wikidata records his death as 228.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11180804", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180804" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "龚起（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BE%94%E8%B5%B7" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Gong Qi is a fictional character from the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and Wikidata classes him as a Shu Han military officer. The Chinese name on this entry is 龚起 (traditional form 龔起), so the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Place in the novel\n\nThe Chinese Wikipedia list of fictional Three Kingdoms characters places him in chapter 97, describing him as a junior Shu general killed by the Wei general Wang Shuang. The list gives only this short note and no home place, courtesy name, or further career.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Gong Qi (龚起)[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Han officer[^wikidata]\n- Death year recorded on this entry: 228[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/gong-qi-q11180804.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 228, "display": "228" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q112243952", "type": "person", "title": "Liu Guangshi", "slug": "liu-guangshi-shuihu-q112243952-q10899435", "aliases": [ "刘光世" ], "summary": "Liu Guangshi is a character in Water Margin. Wikidata describes him as a Song-dynasty general in the novel and links him to the historical Liu Guangshi as his model; the novel's character is also known as Dudu Liu.[^wikidata]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q112243952", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112243952" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Liu Guangshi is a character in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 刘光世 (traditional form 劉光世) and describes him as a Water Margin character and a Song-dynasty general, so the title stays as his personal name. Wikidata also records the form of address Dudu Liu.[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayal\n\nThis entry records the figure in the novel, not the historical man himself. Wikidata states that the Liu Guangshi of Water Margin is modelled on the historical person [[person_cn_q10899435|Liu Guangshi]]. The entry does not cover the character's episodes and carries no birth or death dates.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Liu Guangshi[^wikidata]\n- Role: Water Margin character, Song-dynasty general[^wikidata]\n- Form of address: Dudu Liu (Commander Liu)[^wikidata]\n- Model: [[person_cn_q10899435|Liu Guangshi]]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/liu-guangshi-shuihu-q112243952-q10899435.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q112410455", "type": "person", "title": "Wang Bing", "slug": "wang-bing-shuihu-q112410455-q16906161", "aliases": [ "王禀" ], "summary": "Wang Bing is a character in Water Margin. Wikidata describes him as a Song army general in the novel and links him to the historical Wang Bing as his model.[^wikidata]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q112410455", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112410455" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Wang Bing is a character in the novel Water Margin. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 王禀 (traditional form 王稟) and his English label as Wang Bing, and describes him as a Water Margin character and a Song army general, so the title stays as his personal name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Portrayal\n\nThis entry records the figure in the novel, not the historical man himself. Wikidata states that the Wang Bing of Water Margin is modelled on the historical person [[person_cn_q16906161|Wang Bing]]. The entry does not cover the character's episodes and carries no birth or death dates.[^wikidata]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Wang Bing[^wikidata]\n- Role: Water Margin character, Song army general[^wikidata]\n- Model: [[person_cn_q16906161|Wang Bing]]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/wang-bing-shuihu-q112410455-q16906161.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11254972", "type": "person", "title": "Xin Ming", "slug": "xin-ming-q11254972", "aliases": [ "辛明" ], "summary": "Xin Ming is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms and a subordinate general of Yuan Shao. In the Guandu campaign, after Cao Cao's raid on Wuchao and a rumor he spread, Yuan Shao sent Xin Ming with 50,000 men to relieve Liyang.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11254972", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11254972" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "辛明 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%98%8E_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Xin Ming is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata describes him as a general under Yuan Shao, set in the Han dynasty and working as a military officer. The Chinese Wikipedia article is also titled Xin Ming, so the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Role in the Guandu campaign\n\nChinese Wikipedia gives him a single passage. After Cao Cao's raid on Wuchao succeeded, he followed Xun You's plan and spread a rumor that one of his forces was attacking Ye and another Liyang to cut off Yuan Shao's retreat. Yuan Shao was alarmed and hurriedly sent Yuan Tan with 50,000 men to relieve Ye and Xin Ming with 50,000 men to relieve Liyang, and both set out that night. Cao Cao saw this and led his main army straight at Yuan Shao's main camp, winning a great victory, and the battle of Guandu ended in his favor.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Xin Ming[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, general under Yuan Shao[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/xin-ming-q11254972.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11268555", "type": "person", "title": "Zixu Shangren", "slug": "zixu-shangren-q11268555", "aliases": [ "紫虚上人" ], "summary": "Zixu Shangren is a fictional Daoist in Romance of the Three Kingdoms who lives on Jinping Mountain in Yi Province and can foretell people's fates. When Liu Bei attacked Yi Province, Liu Gui and others consulted him on the way, and he wrote eight lines hinting at Pang Tong's death and Zhuge Liang's pacification of Yi.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11268555", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11268555" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "紫虚上人（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E8%99%9B%E4%B8%8A%E4%BA%BA" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Zixu Shangren is a fictional figure in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata describes him as a Daoist of Jinping Mountain, set in the Han dynasty. The Chinese Wikipedia article is titled Zixu Shangren and lists variants such as Zixu Shanren. Shangren is a respectful term for a religious practitioner, and the sources give no other personal name, so the title is kept as it was.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia says Zixu Shangren lives on Jinping Mountain in Yi Province and can predict whether a person will live or die and be high or low. When Liu Bei attacked Yi Province, Liu Zhang's officers Liu Gui, Zhang Ren, Leng Bao and Deng Xian led 50,000 men toward Luocheng and on the way went to the mountain to ask him about the future. He wrote eight lines for Liu Gui: a dragon on the left and a phoenix on the right fly into western Sichuan; the young phoenix falls to earth and the sleeping dragon rises to heaven; one gains and one loses, as Heaven decrees; act when the moment comes and do not lose your life. These lines hint at Pang Tong's death and Zhuge Liang's pacification of Yi Province. When Liu Gui asked about his own fate, he answered that fixed destiny cannot be escaped and there was no need to ask again. The article says none of the four came to a good end. The passage is from chapter 62 of the novel.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name used: Zixu Shangren, also written Zixu Shanren[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Daoist of Jinping Mountain[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/zixu-shangren-q11268555.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11271726", "type": "person", "title": "Zong Bao", "slug": "zong-bao-q11271726", "aliases": [ "宗宝" ], "summary": "Zong Bao is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms and an officer under Kong Rong, grand administrator of Beihai. When the remnant Yellow Turban leader Guan Hai attacked Beihai, Zong Bao rode out to fight and was cut down within a few bouts.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11271726", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11271726" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "宗宝（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%AF%B6" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Zong Bao is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 宗宝 (traditional form 宗寶) and his English label as Zong Bao, and describes him as a subordinate of Kong Rong, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. The Chinese Wikipedia article uses the same name, so the title stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia says that Guan Hai, a remnant Yellow Turban leader, led tens of thousands of men against Beihai. Kong Rong was alarmed and sent his own troops out of the city. Guan Hai rode out and said he wanted to borrow ten thousand measures of grain; Kong Rong replied that he was a minister of Han guarding Han land and had no grain for bandits. Guan Hai swung his blade straight at Kong Rong, and Zong Bao leveled his spear and rode out to meet him. After only a few bouts Guan Hai cut him from his horse with one stroke, and Kong Rong's troops broke and fled into the city of Beihai.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Zong Bao[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, officer under Kong Rong[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/zong-bao-q11271726.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11284765", "type": "person", "title": "Xiahou Cun", "slug": "xiahou-cun-q11284765", "aliases": [ "夏侯存" ], "summary": "Xiahou Cun is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms and a subordinate of Cao Ren. Chinese Wikipedia's list of fictional Three Kingdoms characters places him in chapter 73, where he is killed by Guan Yu in the battle of Fancheng.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11284765", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11284765" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "夏侯存（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E4%BE%AF%E5%AD%98" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Xiahou Cun is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata describes him as a subordinate of Cao Ren, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer, and gives his labels as 夏侯存 and Xiahou Cun, so the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata]\n\n## Place in the novel\n\nOn Chinese Wikipedia the article name redirects to the chapter 73 section of the list of fictional Three Kingdoms characters. The list gives him a single line: he is a general under Cao Ren who is killed by Guan Yu in the battle of Fancheng. The same chapter lists another of Cao Ren's officers, Di Yuan, who is said to be killed by Guan Ping. The list gives no home place, courtesy name or other career for him.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Xiahou Cun[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, general under Cao Ren[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/xiahou-cun-q11284765.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1130807", "type": "person", "title": "Han Fu", "slug": "han-fu-q1130807", "aliases": [ "韩福" ], "summary": "Han Fu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, set as the grand administrator of Luoyang under Cao Cao; the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. In the passage of Guan Yu's five passes he wounds Guan Yu's left arm with a hidden arrow and is then killed by him.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1130807", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130807" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "韩福 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%A6%8F_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Han Fu is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 韩福 (traditional form 韓福) and his English label as Han Fu, and describes him as grand administrator of Luoyang, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to the Chinese Wikipedia summary, in chapter 27 of the novel Han Fu is an official under Cao Cao and grand administrator of Luoyang. Guan Yu is escorting the two wives of Liu Bei to join him, and Luoyang is the second pass he reaches. To stop him, Han Fu plans with his subordinate officer Meng Tan that Meng Tan will fight Guan Yu and then feign defeat to draw him on, while Han Fu shoots a hidden arrow that hits Guan Yu's left arm. Ignoring the pain, Guan Yu charges forward and kills him. The article counts him as the third general Guan Yu kills while passing the five passes and slaying six generals.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Other works\n\nThe same article notes that the 2010 film Guan Yunchang also has a Han Fu, played by Nie Yuan, a gang boss in Luoyang who is as close as a brother to Guan Yu and who dies by his blade, in a story different from the novel.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Han Fu[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, grand administrator of Luoyang[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/han-fu-q1130807.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1132512", "type": "person", "title": "Wang Zhi", "slug": "wang-zhi-q1132512", "aliases": [ "王植" ], "summary": "Wang Zhi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, set as the grand administrator of Xingyang under Cao Cao and in-law of Han Fu; the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. His plan to burn Guan Yu in his lodging at night is exposed by Hu Ban, and he is killed by Guan Yu in pursuit; Wikidata gives his death as 200.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1132512", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132512" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "王植 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%A4%8D_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Wang Zhi is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 王植 and his English label as Wang Zhi, describes him as grand administrator of Xingyang, set in the Han dynasty, and records his death as 200. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to the Chinese Wikipedia summary, in chapter 27 of the novel Wang Zhi serves Cao Cao as grand administrator of Xingyang and is the in-law of Han Fu, grand administrator of Luoyang. Guan Yu is escorting the two wives of Liu Bei to join him, and Xingyang is the fourth pass. Hearing that Guan Yu has killed Han Fu, Wang Zhi wants to harm him, welcomes him into an inn and plans to burn the party to death at midnight. His subordinate Hu Ban secretly warns Guan Yu, who hurries the two ladies out of the city. Wang Zhi leads troops in pursuit and is killed by Guan Yu when they meet. The article counts him as the fifth general Guan Yu kills while passing the five passes and slaying six generals.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Other works\n\nThe same article notes that in the 2010 film Guan Yunchang Wang Zhi is played by Wang Xuebing as a good official who had killed a corrupt predecessor. He tries to stop Guan Yu, but after a fight Guan Yu spares him because he wants to find Qilan, and Wang Zhi kills himself after telling Guan Yu where she is. This differs from the novel.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Wang Zhi[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, grand administrator of Xingyang[^wikidata]\n- Death year recorded on this entry: 200[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/wang-zhi-q1132512.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 200, "display": "200" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1132576", "type": "person", "title": "Kong Xiu", "slug": "kong-xiu-q1132576", "aliases": [ "孔秀" ], "summary": "Kong Xiu is a fictional figure of Three Kingdoms storytelling; the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms he is Cao Cao's commander at Dongling Pass, who blocks Guan Yu for lack of a travel permit and is killed, the first of the six generals Guan Yu slays on his way through the five passes.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1132576", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132576" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "孔秀（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E7%A7%80" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Kong Xiu is a fictional character of Three Kingdoms storytelling. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 孔秀 and his English label as Kong Xiu, describes him as a commander at Dongling Pass, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. Chinese Wikipedia states plainly that the Records of the Three Kingdoms contain no such person. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Mention in the Pinghua\n\nChinese Wikipedia notes that the Sanguozhi pinghua has Cao Cao arrive at Xiakou with 1,300,000 men and write to Sun Quan urging him to submit, and in the letter he says that he had once defeated Kong Xiu at Luoyang and taken him alive.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to chapter 27 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Kong Xiu serves Cao Cao and guards Dongling Pass. Guan Yu is escorting the two wives of Liu Bei to join him, and Dongling Pass is the first pass. Because Guan Yu has no permit from Cao Cao, Kong Xiu blocks him and is killed by Guan Yu. The article counts him as the first general Guan Yu kills while passing the five passes and slaying six generals.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Kong Xiu[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character, commander at Dongling Pass[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/kong-xiu-q1132576.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1132989", "type": "person", "title": "Yu She", "slug": "yu-she-q1132989", "aliases": [ "俞涉" ], "summary": "Yu She is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms and a fierce general under Yuan Shu. When Hua Xiong challenged the coalition against Dong Zhuo, Yu She volunteered to fight and was cut down by Hua Xiong in fewer than three bouts.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1132989", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132989" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "俞涉（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E6%B6%89" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "Yu She is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 俞涉 and his English label as Yu She, and describes him as a general under Yuan Shu, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. The Chinese Wikipedia article is also titled Yu She, so the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia explains that in the novel Yu She is an officer of Yuan Shu. When the lords rose against Dong Zhuo, Dong Zhuo's general Hua Xiong came down from the pass with iron cavalry, carrying Sun Jian's red headcloth on a long pole and cursing the camp to provoke a fight. Yuan Shao asked who dared to answer him, and the fierce general Yu She stepped out from behind Yuan Shu and offered to go. Yuan Shao was glad and sent him out. Soon a scout reported that Yu She had fought Hua Xiong for fewer than three bouts and been killed, to everyone's shock. The passage quoted in the article comes from this episode.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Yu She[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, general under Yuan Shu[^wikidata]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/yu-she-q1132989.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1133043", "type": "person", "title": "Chen Ying", "slug": "chen-ying-q1133043", "aliases": [ "陈应" ], "summary": "Chen Ying is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a military commander under Zhao Fan of Guiyang, who was a hunter from the Lingshan area and fought with a steel fork. He urged resistance to Zhao Yun, was captured, and later was killed with Bao Long after their feigned surrender and assassination plan were seen through.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1133043", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133043" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "陈应（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%87%89" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Chen Ying is a fictional character in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 陈应 (traditional form 陳應) and his English label as Chen Ying, and describes him as a subordinate of Zhao Fan, set in the Han dynasty, with the occupation of military officer. On Chinese Wikipedia his article name redirects to the chapter 52 section of the list of fictional Three Kingdoms characters, and the title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nThe list describes him as a colonel in command of troops under Zhao Fan; he and Bao Long were originally hunters from the Lingshan area of Guiyang and fought with steel forks. When Zhao Yun attacked Guiyang, Zhao Fan wanted to surrender, but Chen Ying urged him to resist and led three thousand men to challenge Zhao Yun, only to be captured in the first exchange. After Zhao Fan surrendered he offered his widowed sister-in-law, Lady Fan, to Zhao Yun as a wife; Zhao Yun was furious and beat him. Zhao Fan bore a grudge and conspired with Chen Ying and Bao Long, who pretended to surrender to Zhao Yun and claimed that Zhao Fan was setting a beauty trap, while really meaning to assassinate him. Zhao Yun saw through the plan, got the two drunk and killed them, and then captured Zhao Fan.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Chen Ying[^wikidata]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, officer under Zhao Fan, colonel of troops[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Occupation recorded on this entry: military officer[^wikidata]\n- Setting: Han dynasty[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/chen-ying-q1133043.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1133057", "type": "person", "title": "Ehe Shaoge", "slug": "ehe-shaoge-q1133057", "aliases": [ "俄何烧戈" ], "summary": "Ehe Shaoge is a Qiang general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, combined from two Qiang leaders, E He and Shaoge, in the histories. In the novel he leads 50,000 men for Mi Dang against Wei, falls for Chen Tai's feigned surrender, and kills himself when surrounded; Wikidata records his death as 247.[^zhwiki][^wikidata]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1133057", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133057" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "俄何烧戈（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BD%95%E7%87%92%E6%88%88" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Ehe Shaoge is a Qiang general who appears in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata gives his Chinese label as 俄何烧戈 (traditional form 俄何燒戈) and his English label as Ehe Shaoge, describing him as a fictional character based on two individuals, and Chinese Wikipedia likewise notes that the histories have two separate people, E He and Shaoge. The title stays as the character's name.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia summarises that when Jiang Wei of Shu Han campaigned in the north, he invited King Mi Dang to send help, and Mi Dang sent Ehe Shaoge with 50,000 men against Wei. The Wei general Chen Tai feigned surrender and lured him into raiding the camp; surrounded by Guo Huai and Chen Tai and unable to escape, he cut his own throat. The episode is from chapter 109.[^zhwiki]\n\n## The historical E He and Shaoge\n\nThe article describes E He (also written 俄何) and Shaoge as Qiang chiefs of Longxi, Nan'an, Jincheng, Xiping and neighboring areas in the Three Kingdoms period, giving E He's dates as ? to 247. In the eighth year of Zhengshi (247) E He, Shaoge, Fatong, E Zhesai and Zhiwudai rose together against Cao Wei, attacked its cities and made contact with Jiang Wei of Shu Han. Guo Huai judged that Jiang Wei would attack Xiahou Ba, so he entered Fengzhong and turned south to meet Xiahou Ba; Jiang Wei attacked Weichi, and when Guo Huai's army arrived Jiang Wei withdrew. Guo Huai then advanced against the Qiang and killed E He and Shaoge, and tens of thousands of their followers surrendered to Wei.[^zhwiki]\n\nChinese Wikipedia also stresses that the histories do not record Chen Tai taking part in this campaign and that Mi Dang was active earlier, in 240, so the novel's episode differs from the record.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Name: Ehe Shaoge, combined from E He and Shaoge[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Role: fictional character of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Qiang general[^wikidata]\n- Death year recorded on this entry: 247[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/ehe-shaoge-q1133057.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 247, "display": "247" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1133588", "type": "person", "title": "Dongtuna", "slug": "dongtuna-q1133588", "aliases": [ "董荼那" ], "summary": "Dongtuna is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a man of the Five Streams caves in the southern tribal lands and the second cave marshal under the king Meng Huo. Wikidata records 225 as the year of his death within the work. He helped guard the Five Streams against the Shu army and later seized the drunken Meng Huo and handed him over.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1133588", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133588" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "董荼那（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E8%8D%BC%E9%82%A3" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Dongtuna is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label and the title of the Chinese Wikipedia article are both 董荼那, and Wikidata also lists the variant 董荼奴, so the heading stays as it is. He is a southern tribal commander under Meng Huo. Wikidata describes him as Meng Huo's subordinate general, places the work in the Shu Han period, and records 225 as the year of his death.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Identity\n\nChinese Wikipedia says he comes from the Five Streams caves of the southern tribes and is the second cave marshal under the southern king Meng Huo.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to the article's summary, he, together with his colleagues Jinhuan Sanjie and Ahuinan, guarded the Five Streams caves against the Shu Han army on its first southern campaign. They fell into an ambush, were defeated and captured, and were then released. After fleeing south of the Lu River he was ordered to stop the Shu general Ma Dai, who had crossed the river secretly and taken Jiashan Valley, and to win back the grain route. On going out to fight he was abused by Ma Dai as shameless and withdrew red-faced. Back at his camp he seized the drunken Meng Huo and delivered him to the Shu army, for which he was rewarded. The article adds that after Meng Huo was released by the Shu army a second time, Dongtuna was assassinated and his body was thrown by the river together with Ahuinan's. These events come from the article's summary of the novel, and its listed references are chapters 87 and 88 of the novel.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, subordinate general of Meng Huo[^wikidata]\n- Variant writing: 董荼奴[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Shu Han[^wikidata]\n- Death: 225 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/dongtuna-q1133588.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 225, "display": "225" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1133620", "type": "person", "title": "Wutugu", "slug": "wutugu-q1133620", "aliases": [ "兀突骨" ], "summary": "Wutugu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms and does not appear in the standard histories. He is lord of the southern kingdom of Wuge, a giant who eats no grain. When Meng Huo asked for help he led rattan-armor troops against Shu, and he died with his thirty thousand men when Zhuge Liang burned them in Panshe Valley. Wikidata records 225 as his death year within the work.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1133620", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133620" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "兀突骨（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%80%E7%AA%81%E9%AA%A8" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Wutugu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label and the title of the Chinese Wikipedia article are both 兀突骨. The article stresses that he does not appear in the standard histories, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata's description is lord of Wuge, the state of the work's setting is given as Wuge, and his death year is recorded as 225.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Appearance and station\n\nHe is lord of the southern kingdom of Wuge and stands twelve chi tall. The article says he eats no grain and takes live snakes and fierce beasts as his meal. His body bears scales that blades and arrows cannot pierce. He wears a hat of sun, moon and wolf whiskers, a mesh of gold and pearls, and his flanks show scales beneath the arms. A faint light shines in his eyes.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAfter Zhuge Liang had captured and released Meng Huo six times, Meng Huo asked Wutugu for help. Wutugu led two commanders, Tu'an and Xini, and thirty thousand rattan-armor troops against Shu in person. After fifteen straight victories over Wei Yan, he pursued him to Panshe Valley and fell into Zhuge Liang's ambush. Zhuge Liang's fire attack beat him back, and Wutugu and all thirty thousand of his men were killed. The article's reference is chapter 90 of the novel, and it lists the rattan-armor army under see also.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, lord of Wuge[^wikidata]\n- State of the work's setting: Wuge[^wikidata]\n- Death: 225 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/wutugu-q1133620.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 225, "display": "225" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1137442", "type": "person", "title": "Diaochan", "slug": "diaochan-q1137442", "aliases": [ "貂蝉" ], "summary": "Diaochan is a fictional character in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a concubine of Lü Bu who in the story is Wang Yun's adopted daughter and uses a beauty trap to set Dong Zhuo and Lü Bu against each other. Chinese Wikipedia stresses that the Records of the Three Kingdoms and the Book of the Later Han record only that Lü Bu had an affair with a maid of Dong Zhuo and never give the name Diaochan.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1137442", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137442" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "貂蝉（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%82%E8%9D%89" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Diaochan is a character in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 貂蝉, and it lists the other forms 貂蟬, 任紅昌 and 刁蟬. Its description is a fictional character of the novel, a concubine of Lü Bu, and the dynasty of the work's setting is Han. The Chinese Wikipedia article is also titled 貂蝉, so the heading stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## No such name in the histories\n\nChinese Wikipedia points out that the Records of the Three Kingdoms and the Book of the Later Han record only that Lü Bu had an affair with a maid of Dong Zhuo, and never give the name Diaochan. The Biography of Lü Bu says that Dong Zhuo often had Lü Bu guard the inner gate, and that Lü Bu, who had an affair with one of Dong Zhuo's maids, feared discovery and was uneasy. When the minister Wang Yun secretly planned to kill Dong Zhuo, he used Lü Bu as his inside man and the maid is not mentioned, nor does Pei Songzhi's commentary say anything about her. The Book of the Later Han changes the word for maid to another word written with the character fu. Some researchers guess that fu is close in form to ren, which may be how Diaochan came to be given the surname Ren, while others hold that ren must be a miswriting of fu.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Where the name comes from, and the variants\n\nThe article says that in Qin and Han times diaochan was the name of a male official's cap and dress, and in the Han it was the dress of the emperor's close attendants, which is thought to be the source of the name. A Yuan zaju play has her as the daughter of Ren Ang, with the childhood name Hongchang, a village girl from Shanxi. The article also cites the Qing writer Ping Buqing, quoting a passage preserved in the Kaiyuan zhanjing in which Cao Cao is said to have offered a Diao Chan to confuse Dong Zhuo. If true, Diao Chan would have been a real person, but the book cited, the Hanshu tongzhi, is long lost and the passage is not in the surviving text, so it cannot be established whether Diao Chan and Diaochan are the same person or whether it was her real name. Since these accounts do not agree and have no secure common basis, this entry does not replace the heading with any of them.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In Romance of the Three Kingdoms\n\nIn the novel she is a maid of the minister Wang Yun, later his adopted daughter, sixteen years old and beautiful, with a wish to serve the state. Learning that Wang Yun is helpless against Dong Zhuo's misrule, she offers herself to deal with the traitors. With a beauty trap she wins the affection of both Dong Zhuo and Lü Bu, who called each other father and son, and drives a wedge between them, and she later helps bring Lü Bu to join Wang Yun in killing Dong Zhuo. After Lü Bu flees Chang'an the novel says little of her. Chapter 16 says that Lü Bu later took Diaochan as a concubine and that she bore no children. In chapter 19, while Lü Bu is fighting Cao Cao, his adviser Chen Gong urges him to take light troops to cut Cao Cao's grain route, and Lü Bu, undecided, asks his wife and concubines. Diaochan advises him not to go out in person, so he resolves to hold the isolated city, drinking day and night with his wife Lady Yan and Diaochan. Morale collapses, the officers drift away, and Lü Bu is finally destroyed by Cao Cao. After this she does not appear again.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Later retellings\n\nThe article says that contemporary researchers note her background grew from simple to complex through successive works, and that before the novel some versions made her Lü Bu's lost wife. Folk drama often links her to Guan Yu. In one play she is released by Guan Yu under the moon and is never heard of again. Another borrows the story of Jiang Taigong beheading the masked Daji, and presents Guan Yu fearing that her beauty would bring chaos to the realm. In a Ming play she becomes Guan Yu's concubine. The article lists texts from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing periods, and later stage, film, television, game and comic adaptations.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Disputed hometown\n\nThe article records a dispute over Diaochan's hometown among Lintao and Kangle in Gansu, Xinzhou in Shanxi and Mizhi in Shaanxi, and notes that such disputes over famous people's hometowns are common on the mainland and that Diaochan, though fictional, is no exception. On 28 April 2011 Lintao county announced that it had registered Diaochan and Diaochan's hometown as trademarks, and Mizhi county objected.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, concubine of Lü Bu[^wikidata]\n- Other forms: 貂蟬, 任紅昌, 刁蟬[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/diaochan-q1137442.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1138838", "type": "person", "title": "Lin Chong", "slug": "lin-chong-q1138838", "aliases": [ "林冲" ], "summary": "Lin Chong is a major character in the classical novel Water Margin, matched with the star Tianxiong among the thirty-six Heavenly Spirits and nicknamed Leopard Head. He begins as weapons instructor to the eight hundred thousand Imperial Guards at Dongjing. Framed by Gao Qiu and exiled to Cangzhou, he later joins Liangshan, ranks sixth, and dies of paralysis at Liuhe Temple in Hangzhou after the amnesty.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1138838", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138838" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "林冲（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%86%B2" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Lin Chong is a character in Water Margin. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 林冲. Wikidata also lists the names Leopard Head and Tianxiong, a nickname and a star name, neither of which can stand in for a personal name, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a Water Margin character, gives the dynasty of the setting as the Great Song, and places his death around the 1120s.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Origin and appearance\n\nChinese Wikipedia says he corresponds to the star Tianxiong among the thirty-six Heavenly Spirits. When he first appears he is about thirty-four or thirty-five and is weapons instructor to the eight hundred thousand Imperial Guards at Dongjing (today's Kaifeng). He is big and strong, with a leopard's head, round eyes, a swallow's jaw and a tiger's beard, which is why he is called Leopard Head. He wields a snake spear of one zhang and eight chi and is unmatched in arms. His wife is Lady Zhang and they have no children. His father-in-law Instructor Zhang was once an Imperial Guards instructor, his father was an officer at Dongjing, and Cao Zheng, the Knife Demon, was his pupil.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Framed and driven to Liangshan\n\nLin Chong and the monk Lu Zhishen took to each other at once and swore brotherhood. When Lin Chong's wife went to burn incense at the Dongyue temple she was harassed by Gao Yanei, the adopted son of the marshal Gao Qiu. Her maid Jin'er told Lin Chong, who rushed over and stopped it. Gao Yanei did not give up and had Gao Qiu's confidant Lu Qian lure Lin Chong out to drink so that he could molest Lady Zhang, but Lin Chong hurried back and stopped that too. Having offended Gao Yanei, Lin Chong was trapped by Gao Qiu into entering the White Tiger Hall carrying a sword, was convicted and sentenced to exile in Cangzhou, and nearly died at the hands of the escorts Dong Chao and Xue Ba in the Wild Boar Forest until Lu Zhishen saved him. Staying at Chai Jin's house he laid out the arrogant Instructor Hong, who thought himself the best fighter there.[^zhwiki]\n\nAt the Cangzhou prison camp Chai Jin quietly arranged things so that Lin Chong got the easy post of guarding the Hall of the Heavenly Kings. When Gao Qiu learned of this he sent Lu Qian and Fu An to kill him. They bribed the camp warden to move Lin Chong to the fodder yard and planned to burn it with him in it, but Lin Chong was out buying wine that day and escaped. With the fodder yard burned, which by law meant death, Lin Chong was driven to fury, killed Lu Qian, Fu An and an official, and no longer kept faith with the law. On Chai Jin's recommendation he went up to Liangshan on a snowy night.[^zhwiki]\n\n## At Liangshan\n\nThe chief then, the White-Robed Scholar Wang Lun, was petty and jealous and, fearing that Lin Chong would take his place, made things hard for him and demanded that within three days he go down the mountain, kill a man and bring back the head. Lin Chong would not harm an innocent traveler, and on the last day he waylaid the passing Yang Zhi, the Blue-Faced Beast. They fought dozens of rounds without result. When Chao Gai and his band came to join, Wang Lun again made excuses, and Lin Chong, goaded by Wu Yong, killed Wang Lun in anger and put Chao Gai forward as the new head. During this time he heard from passers-by that his father-in-law had died of illness and that his wife, pressed to marry by Gao Qiu, had hanged herself, and from then on he regarded Gao Qiu as his lifelong enemy.[^zhwiki]\n\nWhen Liangshan attacked the Zhu Family Manor, Lin Chong charged to the front, captured Hu Sanniang, and defeated Zhu Long. Afterward he was a main fighter against the imperial forces of Gao Lian, Huyan Zhuo and Guan Sheng. When the 108 were ranked he was sixth and second of the five tiger generals of the cavalry, in charge of holding the western land camp.[^zhwiki]\n\n## After the amnesty\n\nAfter Liangshan accepted the amnesty, he followed Song Jiang and Lu Junyi against Liao, Tian Hu and Wang Qing. After Fang La was destroyed he caught paralysis in Hangzhou and was too ill to rise. He stayed at Liuhe Temple to recover, looked after by Wu Song and Lu Zhishen, and died half a year later. He was posthumously honored as Zhongwulang.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Assessment\n\nThe article quotes Jin Shengtan, who calls Lin Chong a first-rate figure but written too harshly: he could calculate ahead, endure, hold fast and carry things through, and that frightened people. It also quotes Mao Dun comparing the three officers Yang Zhi, Lin Chong and Lu Da: Yang Zhi wanted office, Lin Chong was law-abiding and submissive and was driven until he had nowhere to stay, and only Lu Da had no scruples and dared to act. Mao Dun also wrote a short story, Leopard Head Lin Chong.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: Water Margin character[^wikidata]\n- Other names: Leopard Head, Tianxiong[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Great Song[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70827|Water Margin]]", "url": "/people/lin-chong-q1138838.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Water Margin", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11398296", "type": "person", "title": "Liu An", "slug": "liu-an-q11398296", "aliases": [ "刘安" ], "summary": "Liu An is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the hunter who sheltered Liu Bei. After Lü Bu defeated Liu Bei and he fled toward Cao Cao, he lodged at Liu An's home. Liu An could not find game and killed his own wife to feed him. Liu Bei wept when he learned the truth, and Cao Cao sent Sun Qian to reward Liu An with a hundred taels of gold.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11398296", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11398296" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘安 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AE%89_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Liu An is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 劉安, written 刘安 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article is titled 劉安 with the parenthetical (三國演義), which only distinguishes it from others of the same name, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a hunter and gives the dynasty of the setting as Han.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Lü Bu defeated Liu Bei, Liu Bei fled toward Cao Cao and lodged at the home of the hunter Liu An on the way. Liu An knew that the governor of Yu province had come and wanted to find wild game for the meal, but could not find any at short notice, so he killed his own wife and fed her to Liu Bei. Liu Bei asked what the meat was and Liu An said it was wolf. The next morning Liu Bei saw in the kitchen a slain woman with the flesh cut from her arms and asked Liu An in shock, and Liu An told him the truth. Liu Bei was grieved and wept. Liu An said he had wanted to follow his lord but did not dare go far because his old mother was at home. Later Liu Bei met Cao Cao and told him what happened, and Cao Cao sent Sun Qian to give Liu An a hundred taels of gold.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, hunter[^wikidata]\n- Occupation: hunter[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/liu-an-q11398296.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11477156", "type": "person", "title": "Cui Yong", "slug": "cui-yong-q11477156", "aliases": [ "崔勇" ], "summary": "Cui Yong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a subordinate general of Guo Si. After Emperor Xian's party escaped from Li Jue, he was sent to chase them with troops, and at Huayin county he was cut down in a single bout by Xu Huang, Yang Feng's officer, in Xu Huang's first appearance in the book.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11477156", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477156" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "崔勇 (三国演义)（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E5%8B%87_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%89)" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Cui Yong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 崔勇 and describes him as a subordinate general of Guo Si, with Han as the dynasty of the work's setting. The Chinese Wikipedia article is titled 崔勇 with the parenthetical (三国演义), which only distinguishes it from others of the same name, so the heading stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Emperor Xian's party escaped from Li Jue, Guo Si sent Cui Yong and others to chase them with troops. They had nearly caught up at Huayin county when Yang Feng appeared with troops and guarded the emperor's party. Cui Yong galloped out of Guo Si's army and cursed Yang Feng as a rebel. Yang Feng, angered, turned and called his officer Xu Huang from the ranks, which is Xu Huang's first appearance in the book. Xu Huang met Cui Yong with a great axe in hand, and at the first clash of their horses cut him down. Yang Feng then attacked Guo Si's army and drove it back more than twenty li.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, subordinate general of Guo Si[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/cui-yong-q11477156.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11477179", "type": "person", "title": "Cui Yu", "slug": "cui-yu-q11477179", "aliases": [ "崔禹" ], "summary": "Cui Yu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a subordinate general of Zhu Ran of Eastern Wu, and Wikidata records 221 as his death year within the work. In the battle of Yiling he volunteered to take Zhu Ran's place in the field, fell into an ambush, was captured by Zhang Bao, and was ordered beheaded by Liu Bei at Zigui.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11477179", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11477179" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "崔禹（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E7%A6%B9" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Cui Yu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 崔禹, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a general of Eastern Wu, gives the state of the work's setting as Wu, and records his death in 221.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia says he is a subordinate general of Zhu Ran of Eastern Wu. In the battle of Yiling, Liu Bei's officers Wu Ban, Feng Xi and Zhang Nan decided to raid the camp by night, and a soldier who pretended to surrender secretly told Wu of the planned night attack. Zhu Ran wanted to go out and fight, but Cui Yu said that a common soldier's words could not be fully trusted, volunteered to take Zhu Ran's place in the field, and Zhu Ran held the water camp steady. Cui Yu led ten thousand troops out, fell into an ambush, and was captured by Zhang Bao and taken to Zigui. Liu Bei ordered him beheaded and then attacked Zhu Ran, who fled in rout.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, general of Eastern Wu[^wikidata]\n- State of the work's setting: Wu[^wikidata]\n- Death: 221 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/cui-yu-q11477179.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 221, "display": "221" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11487635", "type": "person", "title": "Zhang Pu", "slug": "zhang-pu-q11487635", "aliases": [ "张普" ], "summary": "Zhang Pu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a Wei general under Cao Xiu at the battle of Shiting and the vanguard of Cao Xiu's army. He led twenty thousand men to lie in ambush south of Shiting, ran into Zhu Huan's Wu troops without knowing who they were, and was cut down by Zhu Huan with one stroke of the sword.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11487635", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11487635" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "张普（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%99%AE" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Zhang Pu is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label is 張普, written 张普 in simplified characters, and the Chinese Wikipedia article carries the same title, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a military officer of Cao Wei and gives the state of the work's setting as Great Wei.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nChinese Wikipedia says he was a general under Cao Xiu at the battle of Shiting. As vanguard of Cao Xiu's army he brought several thousand men to fight the Wu troops and rode out calling on the rebel general to surrender early, but when Xu Sheng came out to meet him Zhang Pu could not withstand him and withdrew. Cao Xiu planned to win by a surprise force and ordered Zhang Pu to lie in ambush south of Shiting with twenty thousand men. Lu Xun, for his part, had Zhu Huan and Quan Cong each take thirty thousand men along the mountain roads of Shiting to the rear of Cao Xiu's camp and set it on fire. When Zhu Huan reached the Wei camp he met Zhang Pu's ambush, and Zhang Pu, not knowing they were Wu troops, was cut down by Zhu Huan with one stroke of the sword.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei military officer[^wikidata]\n- State of the work's setting: Great Wei[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/zhang-pu-q11487635.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1148977", "type": "person", "title": "Zhu Bajie", "slug": "zhu-bajie-q1148977", "aliases": [ "猪八戒" ], "summary": "Zhu Bajie, with the Buddhist name Wuneng, is one of Tang Sanzang's disciples in the classical novel Journey to the West, second in rank, with a pig's face on a human body. In the novel he was Marshal Tianpeng, who commanded the heavenly water forces, and was cast down to earth for harassing Chang'e while drunk and was reborn by mistake in a pig's shape. He became Tang Sanzang's disciple and went to fetch the scriptures, and afterward was named Altar Cleanser.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1148977", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148977" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "猪八戒（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%AA%E5%85%AB%E6%88%92" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "Zhu Bajie is a character in Journey to the West. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 猪八戒. Wikidata also lists several other names for him, among them Zhu Wuneng, Zhu Ganglie, Bajie, Wuneng, Marshal Tianpeng, Altar Cleanser and Idiot, and Chinese Wikipedia says Zhu Ganglie is his original name and Zhu Wuneng a Buddhist name, while Bajie is a name Tang Sanzang gave him later. Because several names stand side by side and each plays a different role, the heading stays as it is rather than being changed to one of them. Wikidata describes him as one of Tang Sanzang's three disciples in Journey to the West, while Chinese Wikipedia counts four disciples, including the white dragon horse.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Appearance and names\n\nChinese Wikipedia says his Buddhist name is Wuneng, he ranks second among Tang Sanzang's disciples, has a pig's face on a human body in the form of a black pig, and Sun Wukong often calls him Idiot. In Wu Cheng'en's text he is described with a snout hanging like a dirty lotus pod, ears like palm fans and golden eyes, tusks as sharp as steel files and a long mouth open like a fire basin, a tusked pig spirit. The article lists his names. Zhu Wuneng is the Buddhist name, Zhu Ganglie is the original name, Idiot is what Sun Wukong calls him, and Grandfather Pig is what he calls himself before demons. In the book the five members of the pilgrim party are matched to the five elements and he belongs to wood, so he is also called Wood Mother, and Marshal Tianpeng is the identity the book gives him before his descent.[^zhwiki]\n\n## His story in the novel\n\nIn Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West, Zhu Bajie was Marshal Tianpeng, who commanded eighty thousand soldiers of the Celestial River. At the Peach Banquet he got drunk, harassed the moon goddess Chang'e, knocked over the Palace of the Ox and Dipper, and ate the empress's lingzhi vegetable. The Jade Emperor sentenced him to two thousand blows and cast him down to earth, where he was reborn in the wrong womb and became a pig. He bit a sow to death, killed a herd of pigs, took Fuling Mountain, and lived by eating people, and later married into the household of Luan Erjie of Yunzhan Cave, who died a year later. On Fuling Mountain he met the bodhisattva Guanyin and fought her disciple Muzha, and on Guanyin's guidance became a disciple of the scripture seeker and received the Buddhist name Zhu Wuneng, then kept a vegetarian diet and gave up the five pungent foods and three things disliked, waiting for the seeker. Before meeting Tang Sanzang he married into the Gao village at the border of the land of Wusizang and took Gao Cuilan as his wife. When Tang Sanzang and Sun Wukong passed through the village, Cuilan's parents asked them to catch the monster. After Sun Wukong fought Zhu Wuneng and said he was a disciple of the scripture seeker, Zhu Wuneng agreed to follow, and became Tang Sanzang's disciple, who gave him the further name Zhu Bajie, and they set off for the Western Heaven together.[^zhwiki]\n\nOn the journey his laziness, greed and lust often put the party in trouble. Twice he urged Tang Sanzang to drive Sun Wukong away, and several times in danger he wanted to divide the baggage and break up the party and go back to Gao Village. After the scriptures were obtained he was named Altar Cleanser bodhisattva because he still had a playful heart and had not lost his lust, and as a subordinate of the Buddha he is in charge of enjoying the offerings made for merit in the human world.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Other versions and weapon\n\nThe article says that in Yang Jingxian's Yuan zaju Journey to the West, Zhu Bajie was originally a chariot general under Marici, fled to the mortal world, lived in Black Wind Cave and called himself the Black Wind King, and took the form of Master Zhu to marry Pei Haitang. In that play he becomes Tang Sanzang's disciple later than Sha Wujing. In the Ming Later Journey to the West he has a son he has never met, Zhu Yijie, born of Gao Cuilan. He knows the thirty-six transformations and can become a high mountain, a tree, a rock or a giant, but is not good at turning into a woman. His weapon is the Supreme Treasure Gold-Plated Rake, commonly the nine-toothed rake, weighing a store of five thousand and forty-eight jin including the handle, forged by Laozi from divine cold iron with the help of the five emperors and the six ding and six jia spirits.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Origins and folk culture\n\nOn the origins of the figure, the article gives several views. The Three Kingdoms monk Zhu Shixing had the Buddhist name Bajie, which some take as a source of the name. Lu Xun held that the figure grew out of ancient Chinese myths such as the Soushenji story of the pig's arm and golden bell. Chen Yinke traced him to a great god who turned into a large pig to save a monk in a sutra translated by Yijing. The article also notes that the idea that the prototype was Yao Laoda has no historical basis, and first appeared in Zhu Daoping's 1999 novel Wu Cheng'en. It lists sayings such as Zhu Bajie looking in the mirror, being no human either inside or outside, and notes that some people make offerings to him on the first and fifteenth of each lunar month, and that he has many portrayals in film, television and animation.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: one of Tang Sanzang's three disciples in Journey to the West[^wikidata]\n- Other names: Zhu Wuneng, Zhu Ganglie, Bajie, Wuneng, Marshal Tianpeng, Altar Cleanser, Idiot[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]]", "url": "/people/zhu-bajie-q1148977.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11495067", "type": "person", "title": "Murong Lie", "slug": "murong-lie-q11495067", "aliases": [ "慕容烈" ], "summary": "Murong Lie is a fictional general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Chinese Wikipedia calls him a subordinate of Wen Pin, while Wikidata describes him as a subordinate general of Cao Cao and records 219 as his death year within the work. After the battle of Mount Dingjun he blocked Zhao Yun's way and was killed by Zhao Yun with one spear thrust.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11495067", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11495067" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "慕容烈（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E7%83%88" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "Murong Lie is a fictional general in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 慕容烈, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata's description is that he is a subordinate general of Cao Cao, the dynasty of the work's setting is given as Han, and his death is recorded in 219. Chinese Wikipedia instead says he is a subordinate of Wen Pin; the two sources do not state his allegiance in quite the same way, and this entry reports both without reconciling them.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, in the battle of Mount Dingjun, after Huang Zhong killed Xiahou Yuan, Cao Cao raised an army to attack him. Huang Zhong wanted to raid Cao Cao's grain stores but fell for a Cao trap and was surrounded, and Zhao Yun came to rescue him with three thousand men. Zhao Yun levelled his spear and rode straight forward, and the Cao general Murong Lie blocked the road at the head of the column, spurring his horse and wielding his sword to fight Zhao Yun, who killed him with one thrust of the spear. The Cao troops fled, Cao Cao's army was routed, and Zhao Yun rescued Huang Zhong. The article's source is chapter 71 of the novel, in which Huang Zhong wins by waiting at ease while the enemy tires at Mount Zhandui and Zhao Yun wins with few against many on the Han River.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, subordinate general of Cao Cao[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Death: 219 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/murong-lie-q11495067.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 219, "display": "219" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1149593", "type": "person", "title": "King Duosi", "slug": "king-duosi-q1149593", "aliases": [ "朵思大王" ], "summary": "King Duosi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a southern tribesman, lord of the Tulong cave and called the wisest man of the south, an ally of Meng Huo. Wikidata records 225 as his death year within the work. He used the terrain and the poisoned springs to hold off Shu, but at Sanjiang city Zhuge Liang's stratagem broke him and he was trampled to death by his own war elephant.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1149593", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149593" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "朵思大王（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%B5%E6%80%9D%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "King Duosi is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Wikidata's Chinese label and the Chinese Wikipedia article are both 朵思大王, where 大王 (king) is a title and no single personal name is recorded, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as an ally of Meng Huo, gives the dynasty of the work's setting as Shu Han, and records his death in 225.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Identity\n\nChinese Wikipedia says he is a southern tribesman in the novel, lord of the Tulong cave, and the wisest man of the south.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Zhuge Liang had captured Meng Huo four times, Meng Huo's brother Meng You introduced King Duosi to him. King Duosi used the terrain near the Tulong cave to block the Shu army and fought it with the four-eyed poisoned springs. But he got drunk in his camp together with Meng Huo and his brother, and was taken to the enemy camp by Yang Feng, who had gone over to Shu, and was released there. Then, on Meng Huo's orders, he continued to hold Sanjiang city against Zhuge Liang's invasion, defeated the Shu troops with poisoned arrows, and was later sent by Meng Huo to guard the city. Zhuge Liang raised his men's spirits by a stratagem, piled up an earthen wall and broke the city, and King Duosi was trampled to death by his own war elephant.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ally of Meng Huo[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Shu Han[^wikidata]\n- Death: 225 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/king-duosi-q1149593.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 225, "display": "225" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11500143", "type": "person", "title": "The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal", "slug": "great-sage-heaven-q11500143", "aliases": [ "齐天大圣" ], "summary": "The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal is a deity of Chinese folk religion, belonging to the Great Sage cult, and also a title borne by characters in literature, the best known being Sun Wukong in Journey to the West. Scholars cited in the article think the figure may derive from an old monkey-god cult of the Min-Yue region.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11500143", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11500143" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "齐天大圣（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E5%A4%A9%E5%A4%A7%E8%81%96" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal is a deity of Chinese folk religion and also a title borne by characters in literature. Wikidata describes it as a deity of Chinese folk belief, and the Chinese Wikipedia article, titled 齊天大聖, says it belongs to the Great Sage cult and is a figure often found in literary works, of which Sun Wukong's is the most representative. It is a title and not a person's name, and the article records no single personal name for it, so the heading stays as it is.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Folk belief\n\nChinese Wikipedia says that in Chinese folk religion the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal is one of the important deities, with believers on both sides of the strait and in Hong Kong. The Ancestral Hall of the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal at the Grotto Palace of the Purple Bamboo Grove at Pingshan in Fuzhou is one of the most important sources of the cult in Fujian, and another is Shunchang, where there is the Baoshan Great Sage cult of the Heaven's Equal and the Heaven-Penetrating Great Sage, including a natural monkey-shaped boulder on Baoshan and a shrine and tomb of the two on the summit. Scholars think these were first built at the end of the Yuan or start of the Ming, earlier than Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West, and so suppose that the prototype of Sun Wukong may come from an original monkey-god cult of the Min-Yue region. Since Journey to the West made the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal a household name, it has been confused with other monkey-god cults, and many local monkey gods are now called by this general name, while some keep their original names, such as the Danxia Great Sage cult of Fuzhou. The article also mentions temples to the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal Sun Wukong, such as the Baikeng Yusheng Temple on Penghu in Taiwan and the Kowloon Great Sage Temple in Hong Kong.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In literature\n\nThe article lists a number of works. In the Yuan zaju play Erlang Locks the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal, he steals immortal peaches, elixir and a heavenly robe and is pursued by Erlang. In the Yuan zaju Journey to the West he is Sun Wukong's elder brother. In the Yuan zaju The Eight Immortals Cross the Sea, the Eight Immortals and the five Great Sages, among them the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal, are invited to a peony banquet and help defeat the Dragon Kings, and the Ming novel Journey to the East also has him assist the Eight Immortals against the Dragon Kings. In the Ming tale The Loss of Inspector Chen Xin's Wife at Meiling, the villain, the white ape spirit Lord Shenyang, bears the title and lives at Meiling, with two brothers named Heaven-Penetrating Great Sage and Heaven-Filling Great Sage and a sister, the Holy Mother of Sizhou. He kidnaps many women and is finally sent by the Zixiang Perfected Lord's celestial generals to the heavenly prison. In the Ming novel Journey to the West, Sun Wukong is first recruited by heaven and made keeper of the horses, but he is angered by the small post and the insult and leaves heaven, then, on the advice of the Unicorn Demon King, calls himself the Great Sage, Heaven's Equal and swears brotherhood with six other demons who each take a Great Sage title. When heaven recruits him a second time, the Jade Emperor recognizes the title he gave himself. In the Qing short story The Great Sage, Heaven's Equal in Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio, Xu Sheng, trading in Fujian, speaks rudely of the cult, is punished with sickness and his brother's sudden death, and only then believes it.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: deity of Chinese folk belief and title of literary characters[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n- Other names: Qitian Dasheng Sun Wukong, Great Sage Sun[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70784|Journey to the West]]", "url": "/people/great-sage-heaven-q11500143.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in Journey to the West", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "mythological figure" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1153187", "type": "person", "title": "Cai Zhong", "slug": "cai-zhong-q1153187", "aliases": [ "蔡中" ], "summary": "Cai Zhong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a general of the Jing province army, a cousin of Cai Mao and the brother of Cai He, who went over to Cao Cao with Cai Mao and Zhang Yun. Wikidata records 208 as his death year within the work. After Cai Mao was wrongly killed by Cao Cao, he and his brother were sent into Eastern Wu as spies, were seen through by Zhou Yu, and he was cut down on the night the battle of Red Cliffs began, after Gan Ning led him into Cao's camp.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1153187", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153187" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "蔡中（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%B8%AD" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "Cai Zhong is a fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Both Wikidata and the Chinese Wikipedia article are titled 蔡中, so the heading stays as it is. Wikidata describes him as a military officer of the Jing province army, gives the dynasty of the work's setting as Han, and records his death in 208.[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## Identity\n\nChinese Wikipedia says that in the novel he and his brother Cai He are both cousins of Cai Mao, and that they went over to Cao Cao together with Cai Mao and Zhang Yun.[^zhwiki]\n\n## In the novel\n\nAccording to Chinese Wikipedia's summary, after Cai Mao was wrongly killed by Cao Cao, Cai Zhong and his brother Cai He were sent to Eastern Wu by Cao Cao as spies, but Zhou Yu, the commander in chief of Wu, saw through them and turned the scheme back on Cao Cao, making him believe that Huang Gai and Gan Ning wanted to surrender to the Cao army. On the night the battle of Red Cliffs began, Gan Ning led Cai Zhong deep into the Cao camp, and he was then cut down from his horse. The article's reference is the novel itself, and it lists Cai Mao under see also.[^zhwiki]\n\n## Basic facts\n\n- Description: fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, military officer of the Jing province army[^wikidata]\n- Dynasty or state of the work's setting: Han[^wikidata]\n- Death: 208 (within the work)[^wikidata]\n- Appears in: [[work_cn_q70806|Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/cai-zhong-q1153187.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 208, "display": "208" }, "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" }, { "id": "person_cn_q11541126", "type": "person", "title": "Yang Ling", "slug": "yang-ling-q11541126", "aliases": [ "杨龄" ], "summary": "Yang Ling, fictional character in Romance of the Three Kingdoms.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q11541126", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11541126" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "杨龄（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E9%BD%A1" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25", "updatedAt": "2026-10-25", "revision": 1, "body": "## Appears in\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|The Romance of the Three Kingdoms]]", "url": "/people/yang-ling-q11541126.html", "lang": "en", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "Character in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "literary character" } ], "lang": "en", "pagination": { "page": 3, "pageSize": 50, "total": 1077, "pageCount": 22, "prevUrl": "/en/tags/classics-2.json?tag=tag-classics", "nextUrl": "/en/tags/classics-4.json?tag=tag-classics" } }