{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "Nobel Prize 1949",
  "description": "The Nobel Prize 1949 was announced between 1949-10-27 至 1950-11-10. This page lists the 5 laureates of the 4 prizes awarded that year: 诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位.",
  "url": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1949.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
    "type": "work",
    "title": "Nobel Prize 1949",
    "slug": "nobel-prize-1949",
    "aliases": [
      "1949 年诺贝尔奖"
    ],
    "summary": "The Nobel Prize 1949 was announced between 1949-10-27 至 1950-11-10. This page lists the 5 laureates of the 4 prizes awarded that year: 诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位.",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-awards"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-nobel-prize"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "s1",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1949",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1949/summary/"
      },
      {
        "id": "s2",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/summary/"
      },
      {
        "id": "s3",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/summary/"
      },
      {
        "id": "s4",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1949",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/summary/"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-01T02:32:36+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:08+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 4,
    "body": "**The Nobel Prize 1949** is the list of laureates for that year of the prizes established under Alfred Nobel’s will and administered by the Nobel Foundation. The decisions were announced between 1949-10-27 至 1950-11-10[^s1]. Names, motivations and prize shares follow the official announcements[^s1].",
    "url": "/works/nobel-prize-1949.html",
    "lang": "en",
    "sourceLang": "zh",
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh",
      "en"
    ],
    "workKind": "ranking_list",
    "published": {
      "year": 1949,
      "precision": "year"
    },
    "language": "English"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-nobel-prize",
      "slug": "nobel-prize",
      "name": "Nobel Prize",
      "description": "Nobel prizes, their laureates, awarding bodies and yearly lists.",
      "names": {
        "de": "Nobelpreis",
        "en": "Nobel Prize",
        "es": "Premio Nobel",
        "fr": "Prix Nobel",
        "ja": "ノーベル賞",
        "ko": "노벨상",
        "ru": "Нобелевская премия",
        "zh": "诺贝尔奖",
        "zh-hant": "諾貝爾獎"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "en": "Nobel prizes, their laureates, awarding bodies and yearly lists.",
        "zh": "诺贝尔奖各奖项、历年名单与相关人物、机构。"
      },
      "count": 1022
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "id": "relation_nobel_prize_1949_published_by",
      "fromId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
      "relationType": "published_by",
      "toId": "organization_nobel_foundation",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Published by",
      "targetId": "organization_nobel_foundation",
      "targetTitle": "Nobel Foundation",
      "targetUrl": "/en/organizations/nobel-foundation.html",
      "incoming": false
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_nobel_prize_1949_previous_edition",
      "fromId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
      "relationType": "previous_edition",
      "toId": "work_nobel_prize_1948",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Previous edition",
      "targetId": "work_nobel_prize_1948",
      "targetTitle": "Nobel Prize 1948",
      "targetUrl": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1948.html",
      "incoming": false
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_nobel_prize_1950_previous_edition",
      "fromId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
      "relationType": "previous_edition",
      "toId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Next edition",
      "targetId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
      "targetTitle": "Nobel Prize 1950",
      "targetUrl": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1950.html",
      "incoming": true
    }
  ],
  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "person_nobel_209",
      "fromTitle": "威廉·吉奥克",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/william-f-giauque.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_nobel_347",
      "fromTitle": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/walter-hess.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_nobel_348",
      "fromTitle": "安东尼奥·埃加斯·莫尼斯",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/antonio-egas-moniz.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_nobel_54",
      "fromTitle": "汤川秀树",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/hideki-yukawa.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "person_nobel_620",
      "fromTitle": "威廉·福克纳",
      "fromUrl": "/en/people/william-faulkner.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 4,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T03:29:08+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1949/at/4.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "en",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh",
    "en"
  ],
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "work_kind",
      "label": "Work kind",
      "value": "Ranking list"
    },
    {
      "key": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "value": "1949"
    },
    {
      "key": "language",
      "label": "Language",
      "value": "English"
    }
  ],
  "relationsTotal": 3,
  "relationCounts": [
    {
      "relationType": "published_by",
      "incoming": false,
      "label": "Published by",
      "total": 1
    },
    {
      "relationType": "previous_edition",
      "incoming": false,
      "label": "Previous edition",
      "total": 1
    },
    {
      "relationType": "previous_edition",
      "incoming": true,
      "label": "Next edition",
      "total": 1
    }
  ],
  "mentionsTotal": 5,
  "ranking": {
    "columns": [
      {
        "key": "motivation",
        "label": "获奖理由"
      },
      {
        "key": "affiliation",
        "label": "获奖时所属机构"
      }
    ],
    "tiers": [
      {
        "id": "physics",
        "label": "诺贝尔物理学奖"
      },
      {
        "id": "chemistry",
        "label": "诺贝尔化学奖"
      },
      {
        "id": "medicine",
        "label": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖"
      },
      {
        "id": "literature",
        "label": "诺贝尔文学奖"
      }
    ],
    "rows": [
      {
        "position": 0,
        "tier": "physics",
        "tierLabel": "诺贝尔物理学奖",
        "name": "汤川秀树",
        "entityId": "person_nobel_54",
        "url": "/en/people/hideki-yukawa.html",
        "sourceId": "s1",
        "columns": [
          "for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces",
          "Columbia University"
        ],
        "meta": [
          {
            "key": "motivation",
            "value": "for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces"
          },
          {
            "key": "affiliation",
            "value": "Columbia University"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "position": 1,
        "tier": "chemistry",
        "tierLabel": "诺贝尔化学奖",
        "name": "威廉·吉奥克",
        "entityId": "person_nobel_209",
        "url": "/en/people/william-f-giauque.html",
        "sourceId": "s2",
        "columns": [
          "for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures",
          "University of California"
        ],
        "meta": [
          {
            "key": "motivation",
            "value": "for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures"
          },
          {
            "key": "affiliation",
            "value": "University of California"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "position": 2,
        "tier": "medicine",
        "tierLabel": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖",
        "name": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯",
        "entityId": "person_nobel_347",
        "url": "/en/people/walter-hess.html",
        "sourceId": "s3",
        "columns": [
          "for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs",
          "University of Zurich"
        ],
        "meta": [
          {
            "key": "motivation",
            "value": "for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs"
          },
          {
            "key": "affiliation",
            "value": "University of Zurich"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "position": 3,
        "tier": "medicine",
        "tierLabel": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖",
        "name": "安东尼奥·埃加斯·莫尼斯",
        "entityId": "person_nobel_348",
        "url": "/en/people/antonio-egas-moniz.html",
        "sourceId": "s3",
        "columns": [
          "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses",
          "University of Lisbon"
        ],
        "meta": [
          {
            "key": "motivation",
            "value": "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses"
          },
          {
            "key": "affiliation",
            "value": "University of Lisbon"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "position": 4,
        "tier": "literature",
        "tierLabel": "诺贝尔文学奖",
        "name": "威廉·福克纳",
        "entityId": "person_nobel_620",
        "url": "/en/people/william-faulkner.html",
        "sourceId": "s4",
        "columns": [
          "for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel",
          ""
        ],
        "meta": [
          {
            "key": "motivation",
            "value": "for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "previousEdition": {
    "id": "relation_nobel_prize_1949_previous_edition",
    "fromId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
    "relationType": "previous_edition",
    "toId": "work_nobel_prize_1948",
    "sourceRefs": [
      {
        "entityId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
        "sourceId": "s1"
      }
    ],
    "label": "Previous edition",
    "targetId": "work_nobel_prize_1948",
    "targetTitle": "Nobel Prize 1948",
    "targetUrl": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1948.html",
    "incoming": false
  },
  "nextEdition": {
    "id": "relation_nobel_prize_1950_previous_edition",
    "fromId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
    "relationType": "previous_edition",
    "toId": "work_nobel_prize_1949",
    "sourceRefs": [
      {
        "entityId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
        "sourceId": "s1"
      }
    ],
    "label": "Next edition",
    "targetId": "work_nobel_prize_1950",
    "targetTitle": "Nobel Prize 1950",
    "targetUrl": "/en/works/nobel-prize-1950.html",
    "incoming": true
  }
}