{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "Nouveautés", "description": "Explore recently updated entries.", "url": "/fr/new-449.html", "entities": [ { "customFields": [ { "key": "cuisine", "value": "意大利料理" }, { "key": "address", "value": "东京都中央区筑地1-5-11 B1楼" }, { "key": "phone", "value": "+81 3-6826-9672" }, { "key": "hours", "value": "17:00-20:00、20:30-23:30；周二、周三休息" }, { "key": "price", "value": "¥¥¥" }, { "key": "website", "value": "https://ppasso.jp/" }, { "key": "awards", "value": "米其林一星（2025）" } ], "id": "place_restaurant_tokyo_primo_passo", "type": "place", "title": "Primo Passo", "slug": "restaurant-tokyo-primo-passo", "summary": "Primo Passo是位于东京筑地的意大利料理餐厅，在2025《米其林指南东京版》中获一星。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-restaurants" ], "tags": [ "tag-michelin-guide" ], "sources": [ { "id": "michelin", "title": "Primo Passo", "author": "MICHELIN Guide", "url": "https://guide.michelin.com/jp/en/tokyo-region/tokyo/restaurant/primo-passo" }, { "id": "guide2025", "title": "The MICHELIN Guide Tokyo 2025: Newly Awarded Restaurants Announced Including One 3-Star Restaurant", "author": "MICHELIN Guide", "date": "2024-10-16", "url": "https://guide.michelin.com/en/article/michelin-guide-ceremony/michelinguide-tokyo-new-selection-en" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-30T10:19:53+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:10:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**Primo Passo**是位于东京筑地的意大利料理餐厅[^michelin]，列入[[work_michelin_guide_tokyo_2025_new_star_awards|2025《米其林指南东京版》新晋与升星餐厅名单]]一星名单。[^guide2025]\n\n主厨曾在意大利餐厅 Quattro Passi 负责意面；餐厅将日本食材与高汤融入意大利料理。[^michelin]", "url": "/places/restaurant-tokyo-primo-passo.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "东京·筑地", "placeKind": "restaurant", "locationNote": "B1F, 1-5-11 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045", "adminArea": "Tokyo, Japan" }, { "id": "place_shenzhen_pingshanzhongxin_yunba1haoxian", "type": "place", "title": "坪山中心(云巴1号线)站", "slug": "shenzhen-pingshanzhongxin-yunba1haoxian", "aliases": [ "Pingshan Center station" ], "summary": "坪山中心(云巴1号线)站是深圳坪山云巴1号线的车站，于2022年10月28日开通。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-transit", "category-urban-rail" ], "tags": [ "tag-metro", "tag-metro-station" ], "sources": [ { "id": "cptond", "title": "CPTOND-2025 — Wang, Liang 等 (CC BY 4.0)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29377427.v2", "locator": "Shenzhen/shenzhen_metro_stops.shp; DBF rows 112,830; stop_id=BV09143898" }, { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q114455758", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114455758" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "坪山中心(云巴1号线)站（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%AA%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E7%AB%99" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-24T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**坪山中心站**是深圳坪山云巴1号线的车站，于2022年10月28日开通。[^cptond][^wikidata]", "url": "/places/shenzhen-pingshanzhongxin-yunba1haoxian.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "metro_station", "coordinates": { "latitude": 22.7136663, "longitude": 114.3466843 }, "established": { "year": 2022, "month": 10, "day": 28, "display": "2022年10月28日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_726", "type": "person", "title": "若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫", "slug": "zhores-alferov", "aliases": [ "Zhores Alferov", "Zhores I. Alferov" ], "summary": "若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫（Zhores Alferov，1930年3月15日—2019年3月1日）是2000 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Zhores Alferov – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/alferov/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫**（Zhores I. Alferov，1930年3月15日—2019年3月1日）出生于维捷布斯克（白俄罗斯），2019年3月1日在圣彼得堡（俄罗斯）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2000 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，若雷斯·阿尔费罗夫占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute，所在地为圣彼得堡（俄罗斯）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2000|2000 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/zhores-alferov.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 3, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年3月15日" }, "death": { "year": 2019, "month": 3, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "2019年3月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_794", "type": "person", "title": "伊夫·肖万", "slug": "yves-chauvin", "aliases": [ "Yves Chauvin" ], "summary": "伊夫·肖万（Yves Chauvin，1930年10月10日—2015年1月27日）是2005 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yves Chauvin – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2005/chauvin/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2005/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**伊夫·肖万**（Yves Chauvin，1930年10月10日—2015年1月27日）出生于梅嫩（比利时），2015年1月27日在图尔（法国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2005 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，伊夫·肖万占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Institut Français du Pétrole，所在地为吕埃-马尔迈松（法国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2005|2005 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yves-chauvin.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 10, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年10月10日" }, "death": { "year": 2015, "month": 1, "day": 27, "precision": "day", "display": "2015年1月27日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_265", "type": "person", "title": "李远哲", "slug": "yuan-t-lee", "aliases": [ "Yuan T. Lee" ], "summary": "李远哲（Yuan T. Lee，1936年11月19日—）是1986 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yuan T. Lee – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1986/lee/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1986/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:52+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**李远哲**（Yuan T. Lee，1936年11月19日—）出生于新竹市（中华民国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1986 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，李远哲占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为伯克利（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1986|1986 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yuan-t-lee.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1936, "month": 11, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "1936年11月19日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_927", "type": "person", "title": "大隅良典", "slug": "yoshinori-ohsumi", "aliases": [ "Yoshinori Ohsumi" ], "summary": "大隅良典（Yoshinori Ohsumi，1945年2月9日—）是2016 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yoshinori Ohsumi – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2016/ohsumi/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2016/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**大隅良典**（Yoshinori Ohsumi，1945年2月9日—）出生于福冈市（日本）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2016 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予 大隅良典，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Tokyo Institute of Technology，所在地为东京都（日本）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2016|2016 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yoshinori-ohsumi.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1945, "month": 2, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1945年2月9日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_826", "type": "person", "title": "南部阳一郎", "slug": "yoichiro-nambu", "aliases": [ "Yoichiro Nambu" ], "summary": "南部阳一郎（Yoichiro Nambu，1921年1月18日—2015年7月5日）是2008 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Yoichiro Nambu – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/nambu/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:48+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**南部阳一郎**（Yoichiro Nambu，1921年1月18日—2015年7月5日）出生于东京都（日本），2015年7月5日在大阪市（日本）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2008 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，南部阳一郎占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago，所在地为芝加哥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2008|2008 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/yoichiro-nambu.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1921, "month": 1, "day": 18, "precision": "day", "display": "1921年1月18日" }, "death": { "year": 2015, "month": 7, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "2015年7月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_50", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·泡利", "slug": "wolfgang-pauli", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Pauli" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·泡利（Wolfgang Pauli，1900年4月25日—1958年12月15日）是1945 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Pauli – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1945/pauli/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1945/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·泡利**（Wolfgang Pauli，1900年4月25日—1958年12月15日）出生于维也纳（奥地利），1958年12月15日在苏黎世（瑞士）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1945 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 沃尔夫冈·泡利，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Princeton University，所在地为普林斯顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1945|1945 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-pauli.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1900, "month": 4, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1900年4月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1958, "month": 12, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1958年12月15日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_137", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·保罗", "slug": "wolfgang-paul", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Paul" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·保罗（Wolfgang Paul，1913年8月10日—1993年12月7日）是1989 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Paul – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1989/paul/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1989/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·保罗**（Wolfgang Paul，1913年8月10日—1993年12月7日）出生于德国，1993年12月7日在波恩（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1989 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔夫冈·保罗占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the ion trap technique”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Bonn，所在地为波恩（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1989|1989 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-paul.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1913, "month": 8, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1913年8月10日" }, "death": { "year": 1993, "month": 12, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1993年12月7日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_739", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔夫冈·克特勒", "slug": "wolfgang-ketterle", "aliases": [ "Wolfgang Ketterle" ], "summary": "沃尔夫冈·克特勒（Wolfgang Ketterle，1957年10月21日—）是2001 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wolfgang Ketterle – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2001/ketterle/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2001/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔夫冈·克特勒**（Wolfgang Ketterle，1957年10月21日—）出生于海德堡（德国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2001 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔夫冈·克特勒占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2001|2001 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wolfgang-ketterle.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1957, "month": 10, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年10月21日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_594", "type": "person", "title": "瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特", "slug": "wladyslaw-reymont", "aliases": [ "Władysław Reymont", "Władysław Stanisław Reymont" ], "summary": "瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特（Władysław Reymont，1867年5月7日—1925年12月5日）是1924 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Władysław Reymont – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1924/reymont/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1924", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1924/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:37+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特**（Władysław Stanisław Reymont，1867年5月7日—1925年12月5日）出生于波兰，1925年12月5日在华沙（波兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1924 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 瓦迪斯瓦夫·雷蒙特，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his great national epic, \u003cI\u003eThe Peasants\u003c/I\u003e”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1924|1924 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wladyslaw-reymont.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1867, "month": 5, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "1867年5月7日" }, "death": { "year": 1925, "month": 12, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1925年12月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_673", "type": "person", "title": "维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡", "slug": "wislawa-szymborska", "aliases": [ "Wisława Szymborska" ], "summary": "维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡（Wisława Szymborska，1923年7月2日—2012年2月1日）是1996 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wisława Szymborska – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1996/szymborska/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1996", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1996/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡**（Wisława Szymborska，1923年7月2日—2012年2月1日）出生于库尔尼克（波兰），2012年2月1日在克拉科夫（波兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1996 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 维斯瓦娃·辛波丝卡，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for poetry that with ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1996|1996 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wislawa-szymborska.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1923, "month": 7, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年7月2日" }, "death": { "year": 2012, "month": 2, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "2012年2月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_624", "type": "person", "title": "温斯顿·丘吉尔", "slug": "winston-churchill", "aliases": [ "Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill", "Winston Churchill" ], "summary": "温斯顿·丘吉尔（Winston Churchill，1874年11月30日—1965年1月24日）是1953 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Winston Churchill – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1953/churchill/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1953", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1953/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**温斯顿·丘吉尔**（Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill，1874年11月30日—1965年1月24日）出生于伍德斯托克（英国），1965年1月24日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1953 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 温斯顿·丘吉尔，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1953|1953 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/winston-churchill.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1874, "month": 11, "day": 30, "precision": "day", "display": "1874年11月30日" }, "death": { "year": 1965, "month": 1, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1965年1月24日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_63", "type": "person", "title": "威利斯·兰姆", "slug": "willis-e-lamb", "aliases": [ "Willis E. Lamb", "Willis Eugene Lamb" ], "summary": "威利斯·兰姆（Willis E. Lamb，1913年7月12日—2008年5月15日）是1955 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willis E. Lamb – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1955/lamb/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1955/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威利斯·兰姆**（Willis Eugene Lamb，1913年7月12日—2008年5月15日）出生于洛杉矶（美国），2008年5月15日在图森（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1955 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威利斯·兰姆占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1955|1955 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willis-e-lamb.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1913, "month": 7, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1913年7月12日" }, "death": { "year": 2008, "month": 5, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "2008年5月15日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_716", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·维克里", "slug": "william-vickrey", "aliases": [ "William Vickrey" ], "summary": "威廉·维克里（William Vickrey，1914年6月21日—1996年10月11日）是1996 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Vickrey – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/vickrey/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1996", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:29+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·维克里**（William Vickrey，1914年6月21日—1996年10月11日）出生于维多利亚（加拿大），1996年10月11日在哈里逊（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1996 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·维克里占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Columbia University，所在地为纽约（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1996|1996 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-vickrey.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1914, "month": 6, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1914年6月21日" }, "death": { "year": 1996, "month": 10, "day": 11, "precision": "day", "display": "1996年10月11日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_328", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·莫菲", "slug": "william-p-murphy", "aliases": [ "William P. Murphy", "William Parry Murphy" ], "summary": "威廉·莫菲（William P. Murphy，1892年2月6日—1987年10月9日）是1934 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William P. Murphy – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/murphy/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:27+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·莫菲**（William Parry Murphy，1892年2月6日—1987年10月9日）出生于斯托顿（美国），1987年10月9日在布鲁克莱恩（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1934 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·莫菲占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1934|1934 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-p-murphy.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1892, "month": 2, "day": 6, "precision": "day", "display": "1892年2月6日" }, "death": { "year": 1987, "month": 10, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1987年10月9日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_249", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·利普斯科姆", "slug": "william-lipscomb", "aliases": [ "William Lipscomb", "William N. Lipscomb" ], "summary": "威廉·利普斯科姆（William Lipscomb，1919年12月9日—2011年4月14日）是1976 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Lipscomb – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1976/lipscomb/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1976/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·利普斯科姆**（William N. Lipscomb，1919年12月9日—2011年4月14日）出生于克利夫兰（美国），2011年4月14日在剑桥（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1976 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·利普斯科姆，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1976|1976 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-lipscomb.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1919, "month": 12, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1919年12月9日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 4, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年4月14日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_741", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯", "slug": "william-knowles", "aliases": [ "William Knowles", "William S. Knowles" ], "summary": "威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯（William Knowles，1917年6月1日—2012年6月13日）是2001 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Knowles – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2001/knowles/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2001/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:24+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯**（William S. Knowles，1917年6月1日—2012年6月13日）出生于汤顿（美国），2012年6月13日在切斯特菲尔德（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2001 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·斯坦迪什·诺尔斯占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2001|2001 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-knowles.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1917, "month": 6, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1917年6月1日" }, "death": { "year": 2012, "month": 6, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "2012年6月13日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_243", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·霍华德·斯坦", "slug": "william-h-stein", "aliases": [ "William H. Stein" ], "summary": "威廉·霍华德·斯坦（William H. Stein，1911年6月25日—1980年2月2日）是1972 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William H. Stein – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1972/stein/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1972/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·霍华德·斯坦**（William H. Stein，1911年6月25日—1980年2月2日）出生于纽约（美国），1980年2月2日在纽约（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1972 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·霍华德·斯坦占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Rockefeller University，所在地为纽约（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1972|1972 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-h-stein.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1911, "month": 6, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1911年6月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1980, "month": 2, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1980年2月2日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_970", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·凯林", "slug": "william-g-kaelin-jr", "aliases": [ "William G. Kaelin Jr" ], "summary": "威廉·凯林（William G. Kaelin Jr，1957年11月23日—）是2019 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William G. Kaelin Jr – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/kaelin/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·凯林**（William G. Kaelin Jr，1957年11月23日—）出生于纽约（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2019 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·凯林占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard Medical School，所在地为波士顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2019|2019 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-g-kaelin-jr.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1957, "month": 11, "day": 23, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年11月23日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_620", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福克纳", "slug": "william-faulkner", "aliases": [ "William Faulkner" ], "summary": "威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner，1897年9月25日—1962年7月6日）是1949 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Faulkner – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/faulkner/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福克纳**（William Faulkner，1897年9月25日—1962年7月6日）出生于新奥尔巴尼（美国），1962年7月6日在拜黑利亚（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 威廉·福克纳，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-faulkner.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1897, "month": 9, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1897年9月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1962, "month": 7, "day": 6, "precision": "day", "display": "1962年7月6日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_706", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福塞斯·夏普", "slug": "william-f-sharpe", "aliases": [ "William F. Sharpe" ], "summary": "威廉·福塞斯·夏普（William F. Sharpe，1934年6月16日—）是1990 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William F. Sharpe – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1990/sharpe/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1990/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福塞斯·夏普**（William F. Sharpe，1934年6月16日—）出生于波士顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1990 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·福塞斯·夏普占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1990|1990 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-f-sharpe.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1934, "month": 6, "day": 16, "precision": "day", "display": "1934年6月16日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_209", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·吉奥克", "slug": "william-f-giauque", "aliases": [ "William F. Giauque", "William Francis Giauque" ], "summary": "威廉·吉奥克（William F. Giauque，1895年5月12日—1982年3月28日）是1949 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William F. Giauque – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/giauque/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:10+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·吉奥克**（William Francis Giauque，1895年5月12日—1982年3月28日）出生于尼亚加拉瀑布城（加拿大），1982年3月28日在伯克利（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·吉奥克，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为伯克利（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-f-giauque.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1895, "month": 5, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1895年5月12日" }, "death": { "year": 1982, "month": 3, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1982年3月28日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_911", "type": "person", "title": "W·E·莫尔纳尔", "slug": "william-e-moerner", "aliases": [ "William E. Moerner" ], "summary": "W·E·莫尔纳尔（William E. Moerner，1953年6月24日—）是2014 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William E. Moerner – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2014/moerner/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2014/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:07+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**W·E·莫尔纳尔**（William E. Moerner，1953年6月24日—）出生于普莱森顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2014 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，W·E·莫尔纳尔占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Stanford University，所在地为斯坦福（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2014|2014 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-e-moerner.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1953, "month": 6, "day": 24, "precision": "day", "display": "1953年6月24日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_154", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯", "slug": "william-d-phillips", "aliases": [ "William D. Phillips" ], "summary": "威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯（William D. Phillips，1948年11月5日—）是1997 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William D. Phillips – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1997/phillips/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1997/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:05+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯**（William D. Phillips，1948年11月5日—）出生于威尔克斯-巴里（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1997 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·丹尼尔·菲利普斯占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 National Institute of Standards and Technology，所在地为盖瑟斯堡（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1997|1997 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-d-phillips.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1948, "month": 11, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1948年11月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_968", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·诺德豪斯", "slug": "william-d-nordhaus", "aliases": [ "William D. Nordhaus" ], "summary": "威廉·诺德豪斯（William D. Nordhaus，1941年5月31日—）是2018 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William D. Nordhaus – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/nordhaus/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·诺德豪斯**（William D. Nordhaus，1941年5月31日—）出生于阿尔伯克基（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2018 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·诺德豪斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Yale University，所在地为纽黑文（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2018|2018 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-d-nordhaus.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1941, "month": 5, "day": 31, "precision": "day", "display": "1941年5月31日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_916", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔", "slug": "william-c-campbell", "aliases": [ "William C. Campbell" ], "summary": "威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔（William C. Campbell，1930年6月28日—）是2015 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William C. Campbell – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2015/campbell/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2015/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔**（William C. Campbell，1930年6月28日—）出生于拉梅尔顿（爱尔兰）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2015 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Drew University，所在地为麦迪逊（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2015|2015 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-c-campbell.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1930, "month": 6, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1930年6月28日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_593", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·巴特勒·叶芝", "slug": "william-butler-yeats", "aliases": [ "William Butler Yeats" ], "summary": "威廉·巴特勒·叶芝（William Butler Yeats，1865年6月13日—1939年1月28日）是1923 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Butler Yeats – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1923/yeats/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1923", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1923/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·巴特勒·叶芝**（William Butler Yeats，1865年6月13日—1939年1月28日）出生于都柏林（爱尔兰），1939年1月28日在罗克布吕讷-卡普马丹（法国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1923 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1923|1923 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-butler-yeats.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1865, "month": 6, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1865年6月13日" }, "death": { "year": 1939, "month": 1, "day": 28, "precision": "day", "display": "1939年1月28日" } }, { "id": "place_us_pa_petrolia", "type": "place", "title": "Petrolia", "slug": "pa-petrolia", "summary": "Petrolia 是美国宾夕法尼亚州巴特勒县的一座自治市镇。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" }, { "id": "census2020", "title": "2020 Census Gazetteer Files: Pennsylvania Places", "author": "U.S. Census Bureau", "url": "https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_42.txt", "locator": "Petrolia borough; GEOID 4259672; ALAND_SQMI and INTPTLAT/INTPTLONG" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T11:24:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "Petrolia 是位于美国[[place_us_pa|宾夕法尼亚州]][[place_us_pa_butler_county|巴特勒县]]的自治市镇[^geonames]。美国人口普查局 2020 年地名录将其列为 Petrolia borough，记录的陆地面积为 0.395 平方英里[^census2020]。", "url": "/places/pa-petrolia.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "borough", "coordinates": { "latitude": 41.021619, "longitude": -79.716777 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 宾夕法尼亚州 · Petrolia" }, { "customFields": [ { "key": "isbn", "value": "978-7-02-017209-2" } ], "id": "work_hnlib_1a11b2e0025a", "type": "work", "title": "像树一样自由", "slug": "hnlib-book-xiang-shu-yi-yang-zi-you", "summary": "《像树一样自由：给孩子们的信》是胡泳写给子女的书信集，围绕亲子关系、数字生活与成长展开。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online", "title": "像树一样自由", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/1972", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者、出版社、出版时间、ISBN与主题" }, { "id": "web", "title": "像树一样自由:给孩子们的信", "url": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/像树一样自由：给孩子们的信/61945640", "locator": "内容简介" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:12:15+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:09:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**《像树一样自由：给孩子们的信》**是胡泳写给子女的书信集，内容围绕亲子关系、数字生活与成长展开。[^web]书中收录作者在十二年间写给子女的二十四封信。[^web]", "url": "/works/hnlib-book-xiang-shu-yi-yang-zi-you.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "book", "medium": "随笔", "published": { "year": 2022, "display": "2022年" }, "creators": [ "胡泳" ] }, { "id": "person_nobel_20", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·亨利·布拉格", "slug": "william-bragg", "aliases": [ "Sir William Henry Bragg", "William Bragg" ], "summary": "威廉·亨利·布拉格（William Bragg，1862年7月2日—1942年3月12日）是1915 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William Bragg – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1915/wh-bragg/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1915/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:58+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·亨利·布拉格**（Sir William Henry Bragg，1862年7月2日—1942年3月12日）出生于威克顿（英国），1942年3月12日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1915 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·亨利·布拉格占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University College，所在地为伦敦（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1915|1915 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-bragg.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1862, "month": 7, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1862年7月2日" }, "death": { "year": 1942, "month": 3, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1942年3月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_65", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·肖克利", "slug": "william-b-shockley", "aliases": [ "William B. Shockley", "William Bradford Shockley" ], "summary": "威廉·肖克利（William B. Shockley，1910年2月13日—1989年8月12日）是1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William B. Shockley – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/shockley/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·肖克利**（William Bradford Shockley，1910年2月13日—1989年8月12日）出生于伦敦（英国），1989年8月12日在帕洛阿尔托（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威廉·肖克利占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, Inc.，所在地为山景城（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-b-shockley.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1910, "month": 2, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1910年2月13日" }, "death": { "year": 1989, "month": 8, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1989年8月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_123", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·福勒", "slug": "william-a-fowler", "aliases": [ "William A. Fowler", "William Alfred Fowler" ], "summary": "威廉·福勒（William A. Fowler，1911年8月9日—1995年3月14日）是1983 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "William A. Fowler – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1983/fowler/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1983/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·福勒**（William Alfred Fowler，1911年8月9日—1995年3月14日）出生于匹兹堡（美国），1995年3月14日在帕萨迪纳（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1983 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，威廉·福勒占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 California Institute of Technology (Caltech)，所在地为帕萨迪纳（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1983|1983 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/william-a-fowler.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1911, "month": 8, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1911年8月9日" }, "death": { "year": 1995, "month": 3, "day": 14, "precision": "day", "display": "1995年3月14日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_315", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·埃因托芬", "slug": "willem-einthoven", "aliases": [ "Willem Einthoven" ], "summary": "威廉·埃因托芬（Willem Einthoven，1860年5月21日—1927年9月29日）是1924 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willem Einthoven – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/einthoven/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:52+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·埃因托芬**（Willem Einthoven，1860年5月21日—1927年9月29日）出生于三宝垄（印度尼西亚），1927年9月29日在莱顿（荷兰）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1924 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予 威廉·埃因托芬，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leiden University，所在地为莱顿（荷兰）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1924|1924 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willem-einthoven.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1860, "month": 5, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1860年5月21日" }, "death": { "year": 1927, "month": 9, "day": 29, "precision": "day", "display": "1927年9月29日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_839", "type": "person", "title": "威拉德·博伊尔", "slug": "willard-s-boyle", "aliases": [ "Willard S. Boyle" ], "summary": "威拉德·博伊尔（Willard S. Boyle，1924年8月19日—2011年5月7日）是2009 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willard S. Boyle – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2009/boyle/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2009/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威拉德·博伊尔**（Willard S. Boyle，1924年8月19日—2011年5月7日）出生于阿默斯特（加拿大），2011年5月7日在特鲁罗镇（加拿大）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n2009 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，威拉德·博伊尔占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Bell Laboratories，所在地为美利山（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2009|2009 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willard-s-boyle.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1924, "month": 8, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "1924年8月19日" }, "death": { "year": 2011, "month": 5, "day": 7, "precision": "day", "display": "2011年5月7日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_224", "type": "person", "title": "威拉得·利比", "slug": "willard-f-libby", "aliases": [ "Willard F. Libby", "Willard Frank Libby" ], "summary": "威拉得·利比（Willard F. Libby，1908年12月17日—1980年9月8日）是1960 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Willard F. Libby – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1960/libby/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1960/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:48+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威拉得·利比**（Willard Frank Libby，1908年12月17日—1980年9月8日）出生于美国，1980年9月8日在洛杉矶（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1960 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威拉得·利比，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为洛杉矶（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1960|1960 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/willard-f-libby.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1908, "month": 12, "day": 17, "precision": "day", "display": "1908年12月17日" }, "death": { "year": 1980, "month": 9, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1980年9月8日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_168", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德", "slug": "wilhelm-ostwald", "aliases": [ "Wilhelm Ostwald" ], "summary": "威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德（Wilhelm Ostwald，1853年9月2日—1932年4月4日）是1909 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wilhelm Ostwald – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1909/ostwald/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1909/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:44+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德**（Wilhelm Ostwald，1853年9月2日—1932年4月4日）出生于里加（拉脱维亚），1932年4月4日在莱比锡（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1909 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 威廉·奥斯特瓦尔德，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of his work on catalysis and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leipzig University，所在地为莱比锡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1909|1909 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wilhelm-ostwald.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1853, "month": 9, "day": 2, "precision": "day", "display": "1853年9月2日" }, "death": { "year": 1932, "month": 4, "day": 4, "precision": "day", "display": "1932年4月4日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_1", "type": "person", "title": "威廉·康拉德·伦琴", "slug": "wilhelm-conrad-rontgen", "aliases": [ "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" ], "summary": "威廉·康拉德·伦琴（Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen，1845年3月27日—1923年2月10日）是1901 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1901/rontgen/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1901/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**威廉·康拉德·伦琴**（Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen，1845年3月27日—1923年2月10日）出生于雷姆沙伊德（德国），1923年2月10日在慕尼黑（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1901 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 威廉·康拉德·伦琴，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Munich University，所在地为慕尼黑（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1901|1901 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wilhelm-conrad-rontgen.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1845, "month": 3, "day": 27, "precision": "day", "display": "1845年3月27日" }, "death": { "year": 1923, "month": 2, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年2月10日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_38", "type": "person", "title": "维尔纳·海森堡", "slug": "werner-heisenberg", "aliases": [ "Werner Heisenberg", "Werner Karl Heisenberg" ], "summary": "维尔纳·海森堡（Werner Heisenberg，1901年12月5日—1976年2月1日）是1932 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Heisenberg – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1932/heisenberg/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1932/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:40+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**维尔纳·海森堡**（Werner Karl Heisenberg，1901年12月5日—1976年2月1日）出生于维尔茨堡（德国），1976年2月1日在慕尼黑（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1932 年诺贝尔物理学奖授予 维尔纳·海森堡，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Leipzig University，所在地为莱比锡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1932|1932 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-heisenberg.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1901, "month": 12, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1901年12月5日" }, "death": { "year": 1976, "month": 2, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1976年2月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_361", "type": "person", "title": "沃纳·福斯曼", "slug": "werner-forssmann", "aliases": [ "Werner Forssmann" ], "summary": "沃纳·福斯曼（Werner Forssmann，1904年8月29日—1979年6月1日）是1956 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Forssmann – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1956/forssmann/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃纳·福斯曼**（Werner Forssmann，1904年8月29日—1979年6月1日）出生于柏林（德国），1979年6月1日在绍普夫海姆（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃纳·福斯曼占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Mainz University，所在地为美因茨（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-forssmann.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1904, "month": 8, "day": 29, "precision": "day", "display": "1904年8月29日" }, "death": { "year": 1979, "month": 6, "day": 1, "precision": "day", "display": "1979年6月1日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_414", "type": "person", "title": "沃纳·亚伯", "slug": "werner-arber", "aliases": [ "Werner Arber" ], "summary": "沃纳·亚伯（Werner Arber，1929年6月3日—）是1978 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Werner Arber – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1978/arber/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1978/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:36+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃纳·亚伯**（Werner Arber，1929年6月3日—）出生于格雷尼兴（瑞士）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1978 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃纳·亚伯占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Biozentrum der Universität，所在地为巴塞尔（瑞士）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1978|1978 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/werner-arber.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1929, "month": 6, "day": 3, "precision": "day", "display": "1929年6月3日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_206", "type": "person", "title": "温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利", "slug": "wendell-m-stanley", "aliases": [ "Wendell M. Stanley", "Wendell Meredith Stanley" ], "summary": "温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利（Wendell M. Stanley，1904年8月16日—1971年6月15日）是1946 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wendell M. Stanley – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1946/stanley/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1946/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:34+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利**（Wendell Meredith Stanley，1904年8月16日—1971年6月15日）出生于里奇维尔（美国），1971年6月15日在萨拉曼卡（西班牙）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1946 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research，所在地为普林斯顿（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1946|1946 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wendell-m-stanley.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1904, "month": 8, "day": 16, "precision": "day", "display": "1904年8月16日" }, "death": { "year": 1971, "month": 6, "day": 15, "precision": "day", "display": "1971年6月15日" } }, { "customFields": [ { "key": "isbn", "value": "978-7-208-11102-8" } ], "id": "work_hnlib_21c282096a72", "type": "work", "title": "霍比特人", "slug": "hnlib-book-huo-bi-te-ren", "summary": "《霍比特人》是 J. R. R. 托尔金创作的奇幻小说。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "online", "title": "霍比特人", "url": "https://reader.hnlib.com/Recommend/Detail/301", "locator": "海宁市图书馆推荐书目记录：作者、出版社、出版时间、ISBN与主题" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:20:16+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:34+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "**《霍比特人》**是 J. R. R. 托尔金创作的奇幻小说。上海人民出版社2013年版的 ISBN 为 978-7-208-11102-8。[^online]", "url": "/works/hnlib-book-huo-bi-te-ren.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "book", "medium": "长篇小说", "published": { "year": 2013, "display": "2013年" }, "creators": [ "J.R.R·托尔金" ] }, { "id": "person_nobel_683", "type": "person", "title": "瓦西里·列昂季耶夫", "slug": "wassily-leontief", "aliases": [ "Wassily Leontief", "Wassily Wassilyevich Leontief" ], "summary": "瓦西里·列昂季耶夫（Wassily Leontief，1906年8月5日—1999年2月5日）是1973 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Wassily Leontief – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1973/leontief/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1973", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1973/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦西里·列昂季耶夫**（Wassily Wassilyevich Leontief，1906年8月5日—1999年2月5日）出生于圣彼得堡（俄罗斯），1999年2月5日在纽约（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1973 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖授予 瓦西里·列昂季耶夫，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1973|1973 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/wassily-leontief.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1906, "month": 8, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1906年8月5日" }, "death": { "year": 1999, "month": 2, "day": 5, "precision": "day", "display": "1999年2月5日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_178", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·能斯特", "slug": "walther-nernst", "aliases": [ "Walther Hermann Nernst", "Walther Nernst" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·能斯特（Walther Nernst，1864年6月25日—1941年11月18日）是1920 年诺贝尔化学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walther Nernst – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1920/nernst/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1920/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·能斯特**（Walther Hermann Nernst，1864年6月25日—1941年11月18日）出生于翁布热伊诺（波兰），1941年11月18日在波兰去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1920 年诺贝尔化学奖授予 瓦尔特·能斯特，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“in recognition of his work in thermochemistry”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Berlin University，所在地为柏林（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1920|1920 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walther-nernst.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1864, "month": 6, "day": 25, "precision": "day", "display": "1864年6月25日" }, "death": { "year": 1941, "month": 11, "day": 18, "precision": "day", "display": "1941年11月18日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_62", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·博特", "slug": "walther-bothe", "aliases": [ "Walther Bothe" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·博特（Walther Bothe，1891年1月8日—1957年2月8日）是1954 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walther Bothe – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1954/bothe/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1954/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:28+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·博特**（Walther Bothe，1891年1月8日—1957年2月8日）出生于奥拉宁堡（德国），1957年2月8日在海德堡（德国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1954 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 2 位得主共享，瓦尔特·博特占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Heidelberg，所在地为海德堡（德国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1954|1954 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walther-bothe.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1891, "month": 1, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1891年1月8日" }, "death": { "year": 1957, "month": 2, "day": 8, "precision": "day", "display": "1957年2月8日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_290", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔特·科恩", "slug": "walter-kohn", "aliases": [ "Walter Kohn" ], "summary": "沃尔特·科恩（Walter Kohn，1923年3月9日—2016年4月19日）是1998 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Kohn – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1998/kohn/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1998/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:26+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔特·科恩**（Walter Kohn，1923年3月9日—2016年4月19日）出生于维也纳（奥地利），2016年4月19日在圣巴巴拉（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1998 年诺贝尔化学奖由 2 位得主共享，沃尔特·科恩占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his development of the density-functional theory”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of California，所在地为圣巴巴拉（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1998|1998 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-kohn.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1923, "month": 3, "day": 9, "precision": "day", "display": "1923年3月9日" }, "death": { "year": 2016, "month": 4, "day": 19, "precision": "day", "display": "2016年4月19日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_347", "type": "person", "title": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯", "slug": "walter-hess", "aliases": [ "Walter Hess", "Walter Rudolf Hess" ], "summary": "瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯（Walter Hess，1881年3月17日—1973年8月12日）是1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Hess – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/hess/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯**（Walter Rudolf Hess，1881年3月17日—1973年8月12日）出生于弗劳恩费尔德（瑞士），1973年8月12日在瑞士去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1949 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 2 位得主共享，瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯占其中 1/2 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 University of Zurich，所在地为苏黎世（瑞士）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1949|1949 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-hess.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1881, "month": 3, "day": 17, "precision": "day", "display": "1881年3月17日" }, "death": { "year": 1973, "month": 8, "day": 12, "precision": "day", "display": "1973年8月12日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_67", "type": "person", "title": "沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿", "slug": "walter-h-brattain", "aliases": [ "Walter H. Brattain", "Walter Houser Brattain" ], "summary": "沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿（Walter H. Brattain，1902年2月10日—1987年10月13日）是1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter H. Brattain – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/brattain/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1956/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:23+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿**（Walter Houser Brattain，1902年2月10日—1987年10月13日）出生于厦门市（中华人民共和国），1987年10月13日在西雅图（美国）去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1956 年诺贝尔物理学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃尔特·豪泽·布拉顿占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Bell Telephone Laboratories，所在地为美利山（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1956|1956 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-h-brattain.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1902, "month": 2, "day": 10, "precision": "day", "display": "1902年2月10日" }, "death": { "year": 1987, "month": 10, "day": 13, "precision": "day", "display": "1987年10月13日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_255", "type": "person", "title": "沃特·吉尔伯特", "slug": "walter-gilbert", "aliases": [ "Walter Gilbert" ], "summary": "沃特·吉尔伯特（Walter Gilbert，1932年3月21日—）是1980 年诺贝尔化学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Walter Gilbert – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/gilbert/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/summary/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T04:08:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "**沃特·吉尔伯特**（Walter Gilbert，1932年3月21日—）出生于波士顿（美国）。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1980 年诺贝尔化学奖由 3 位得主共享，沃特·吉尔伯特占其中 1/4 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Harvard University, Biological Laboratories，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1980|1980 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/walter-gilbert.html", "lang": "fr", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1932, "month": 3, "day": 21, "precision": "day", "display": "1932年3月21日" } } ], "lang": "fr", "pagination": { "page": 449, "pageSize": 50, "total": 82196, "pageCount": 1000, "prevUrl": "/fr/new-448.json", "nextUrl": "/fr/new-450.json" } }