{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "南极洲",
  "description": "南极洲在领土主张页上有七国八项南纬60度以南的正式主张，另有无人主张的玛丽伯德地。《南极条约》1959年签署、1961年生效。永久运行站表在亚南极小节之前有44行。",
  "url": "/fr/places/antarctica.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "place_antarctica",
    "type": "place",
    "title": "南极洲",
    "slug": "antarctica",
    "aliases": [
      "Antarctica"
    ],
    "summary": "南极洲在领土主张页上有七国八项南纬60度以南的正式主张，另有无人主张的玛丽伯德地。《南极条约》1959年签署、1961年生效。永久运行站表在亚南极小节之前有44行。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-geography"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-admin-division"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "s1",
        "title": "Territorial claims in Antarctica",
        "author": "Wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_Antarctica",
        "locator": "正式主张表与无人主张区；2026-11-09 访问"
      },
      {
        "id": "s2",
        "title": "Research stations in Antarctica",
        "author": "Wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_stations_in_Antarctica",
        "locator": "Permanent active stations，亚南极小节之前；2026-11-09 访问"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-09T12:31:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-09T12:32:17+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 2,
    "body": "**南极洲**（Antarctica）。《Territorial claims in Antarctica》写，七个主权国家在1961年以前对南纬60度以南提出八项领土主张：[[place_aq_adelie|阿德利地]]、[[place_aq_argentine|阿根廷南极属地]]、[[place_au_aat|澳大利亚南极领地]]、[[place_aq_bat|英属南极领地]]、[[place_aq_chile|智利南极领地]]、[[place_aq_peter_i|彼得一世岛]]、[[place_aq_queen_maud|毛德皇后地]]、[[place_aq_ross|罗斯属地]]。除彼得一世岛外，各项主张都是扇区。南奥克尼群岛落在阿根廷与英国的主张内，南设得兰群岛落在阿根廷、智利与英国的主张内。[[place_aq_marie_byrd|玛丽伯德地]]列在无人主张区，范围为西经90度至西经150度，面积1,610,000平方公里。同页写这些主张只在部分主张国之间得到承认；英国、法国、澳大利亚、新西兰和挪威相互承认彼此的主张，它们的主张互不重叠。阿根廷、智利与英国的主张有重叠：西经25度至53度为阿根廷与英国，西经53度至74度为阿根廷、智利与英国，西经74度至80度为智利与英国。《南极条约》1959年签署、1961年生效，把南极定为科学保留地，确立科学研究自由，并禁止在该大陆的军事活动。同页「可能的未来主张」写，美国和俄罗斯（作为苏联的继承国）保持其保留提出主张的权利；该句之后页面标了需要出处，这里不把美俄写成已有扇区。北纬60度以北、不受《南极条约》约束的岛屿不在本条的划分里。《Research stations in Antarctica》的永久运行站表，在亚南极站小节之前共44行：[[place_aq_st_amundsen_scott|阿蒙森-斯科特南极站]]、[[place_aq_st_arctowski|阿尔茨托夫斯基站]]、[[place_aq_st_artigas|阿蒂加斯站]]、[[place_aq_st_arturo_prat|阿图罗·普拉特站]]、[[place_aq_st_belgrano_ii|贝尔格拉诺二号站]]、[[place_aq_st_bellingshausen|别林斯高晋站]]、[[place_aq_st_bharati|巴拉蒂站]]、[[place_aq_st_carlini|卡利尼站]]、[[place_aq_st_casey|凯西站]]、[[place_aq_st_ferraz|费拉兹站]]、[[place_aq_st_concordia|康科迪亚站]]、[[place_aq_st_davis|戴维斯站]]、[[place_aq_st_dumont_durville|迪蒙·迪维尔站]]、[[place_aq_st_eco_nelson|Eco-Nelson站]]、[[place_aq_st_eduardo_frei|爱德华多·弗雷站与拉斯埃斯特雷亚斯村]]、[[place_aq_st_escudero|埃斯库德罗站]]、[[place_aq_st_esperanza|埃斯佩兰萨站]]、[[place_aq_st_gars|GARS站]]、[[place_aq_st_ohiggins|贝尔纳多·奥伊金斯站]]、[[place_aq_st_great_wall|长城站]]、[[place_aq_st_halley|哈雷站]]、[[place_aq_st_jang_bogo|张保皋站]]、[[place_aq_st_king_sejong|世宗王站]]、[[place_aq_st_maitri|迈特里站]]、[[place_aq_st_marambio|马兰比奥站]]、[[place_aq_st_mawson|莫森站]]、[[place_aq_st_mcmurdo|麦克默多站]]、[[place_aq_st_mirny|和平站]]、[[place_aq_st_neumayer_iii|诺伊迈尔三号站]]、[[place_aq_st_novolazarevskaya|新拉扎列夫站]]、[[place_aq_st_orcadas|奥卡达斯站]]、[[place_aq_st_palmer|帕尔默站]]、[[place_aq_st_petrel|彼得雷尔站]]、[[place_aq_st_progress|进步站]]、[[place_aq_st_qinling|秦岭站]]、[[place_aq_st_rothera|罗瑟拉站]]、[[place_aq_st_san_martin|圣马丁站]]、[[place_aq_st_sanae_iv|萨纳埃四号站]]、[[place_aq_st_scott|斯科特基地]]、[[place_aq_st_showa|昭和站]]、[[place_aq_st_troll|特罗尔站]]、[[place_aq_st_vernadsky|韦尔纳茨基站]]、[[place_aq_st_vostok|东方站]]、[[place_aq_st_zhongshan|中山站]]。[^s1][^s2]。",
    "url": "/places/antarctica.html",
    "lang": "fr",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "placeKind": "continent"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-admin-division",
      "slug": "admin-division",
      "name": "Division administrative",
      "description": "Provinces, préfectures et comtés, et leur évolution historique.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "تقسيم إداري",
        "de": "Verwaltungsgliederung",
        "en": "Administrative division",
        "es": "División administrativa",
        "fr": "Division administrative",
        "hi": "प्रशासनिक विभाजन",
        "id": "Pembagian administratif",
        "it": "Divisione amministrativa",
        "ja": "行政区画",
        "ko": "행정 구역",
        "ms": "Bahagian pentadbiran",
        "nl": "Bestuurlijke indeling",
        "pt": "Divisão administrativa",
        "ru": "Административное деление",
        "th": "เขตการปกครอง",
        "tr": "İdari bölüm",
        "vi": "Đơn vị hành chính",
        "zh": "行政区划",
        "zh-hant": "行政區劃"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "المقاطعات والولايات والمناطق على مختلف المستويات وتطورها التاريخي.",
        "de": "Provinzen, Präfekturen und Kreise sowie ihre historische Entwicklung.",
        "en": "Provinces, prefectures and counties, with their historical evolution.",
        "es": "Provincias, prefecturas y condados, y su evolución histórica.",
        "fr": "Provinces, préfectures et comtés, et leur évolution historique.",
        "hi": "प्रांत, प्रीफ़ेक्चर और ज़िले तथा उनका ऐतिहासिक विकास।",
        "id": "Provinsi, prefektur, dan kabupaten beserta perkembangan historisnya.",
        "it": "Divisioni a livello provinciale, prefettizio e distrettuale e la loro evoluzione storica.",
        "ja": "省・地・県各級の行政区画とその歴史的沿革。",
        "ko": "성·지·현 각급 행정 구역과 그 역사적 연혁.",
        "ms": "Wilayah peringkat provinsi, prefektur dan daerah serta perkembangan sejarahnya.",
        "nl": "Provincies, prefecturen en districten en hun historische ontwikkeling.",
        "pt": "Divisões provinciais, prefeituras e condados e a sua evolução histórica.",
        "ru": "Провинции, округа и уезды, а также их историческое развитие.",
        "th": "เขตการปกครองระดับมณฑล จังหวัด และอำเภอ ตลอดจนพัฒนาการทางประวัติศาสตร์",
        "tr": "İl, vilayet ve ilçe düzeyindeki idari birimler ve tarihsel gelişimi.",
        "vi": "Các cấp tỉnh, địa khu, huyện và quá trình phát triển lịch sử.",
        "zh": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。",
        "zh-hant": "省、地、縣各級行政區及其歷史沿革。"
      },
      "count": 39401
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_aat_in_antarctica",
      "fromId": "place_au_aat",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_au_aat",
          "sourceId": "s2"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_au_aat",
      "targetTitle": "澳大利亚南极领地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/au-aat.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_adelie_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_adelie",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_adelie",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_adelie",
      "targetTitle": "阿德利地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-adelie.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_argentine_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_argentine",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_argentine",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_argentine",
      "targetTitle": "阿根廷南极属地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-argentine-antarctica.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_bat_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_bat",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_bat",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_bat",
      "targetTitle": "英属南极领地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-british-antarctic-territory.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_chile_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_chile",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_chile",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_chile",
      "targetTitle": "智利南极领地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-chilean-antarctic-territory.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_peter_i_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_peter_i",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_peter_i",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_peter_i",
      "targetTitle": "彼得一世岛",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-peter-i-island.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_queen_maud_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_queen_maud",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_queen_maud",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_queen_maud",
      "targetTitle": "毛德皇后地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-queen-maud-land.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_ross_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_ross",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "领土主张",
      "note": "正式主张表中的一项。条约不把这项主张写成普遍承认的主权。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_ross",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_ross",
      "targetTitle": "罗斯属地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-ross-dependency.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_marie_byrd_in_aq",
      "fromId": "place_aq_marie_byrd",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "无人主张区",
      "note": "该页列为无人主张，不是八项正式主张之一。",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_marie_byrd",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_marie_byrd",
      "targetTitle": "玛丽伯德地",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-marie-byrd-land.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "relation_aq_st_amundsen_scott_in",
      "fromId": "place_aq_st_amundsen_scott",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_antarctica",
      "role": "常年科考站",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_aq_st_amundsen_scott",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_aq_st_amundsen_scott",
      "targetTitle": "阿蒙森-斯科特南极站",
      "targetUrl": "/fr/places/aq-st-amundsen-scott.html",
      "incoming": true
    }
  ],
  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_adelie",
      "fromTitle": "阿德利地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-adelie.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_argentine",
      "fromTitle": "阿根廷南极属地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-argentine-antarctica.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_bat",
      "fromTitle": "英属南极领地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-british-antarctic-territory.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_chile",
      "fromTitle": "智利南极领地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-chilean-antarctic-territory.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_marie_byrd",
      "fromTitle": "玛丽伯德地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-marie-byrd-land.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_peter_i",
      "fromTitle": "彼得一世岛",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-peter-i-island.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_queen_maud",
      "fromTitle": "毛德皇后地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-queen-maud-land.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_ross",
      "fromTitle": "罗斯属地",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-ross-dependency.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_st_amundsen_scott",
      "fromTitle": "阿蒙森-斯科特南极站",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-st-amundsen-scott.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_aq_st_arctowski",
      "fromTitle": "阿尔茨托夫斯基站",
      "fromUrl": "/fr/places/aq-st-arctowski.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 2,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-09T12:32:17+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/fr/places/antarctica/at/2.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "fr",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "place_kind",
      "label": "Place kind",
      "value": "continent"
    }
  ],
  "relationsTotal": 53,
  "relationCounts": [
    {
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "incoming": true,
      "label": "Contains places",
      "total": 53,
      "moreUrl": "/fr/places/antarctica/relation/located_in-in.html"
    }
  ],
  "mentionsTotal": 53,
  "mentionsUrl": "/fr/places/antarctica/relation/mentions.html"
}