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  "description": "软件工程过程是软件工程师为构建和运行软件而进行的工作活动；没有适用于一切项目的理想过程。",
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        "title": "Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK Guide) v4.0a",
        "author": "Hironori Washizaki (ed.), IEEE Computer Society",
        "date": "2026-08",
        "url": "https://ieeecs-media.computer.org/media/education/swebok/swebok-v4.pdf",
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    "body": "指南从概念、生存周期，以及过程评估三个方面讨论软件工程过程，并指出社区对过程的许多方面做了标准化。工程过程是一组相互关联的活动，在消耗资源的同时把一项或多项输入转变为输出。软件工程使用与其他工程相似的过程。[^s1]\n\n不存在一种理想过程或一组理想过程。过程必须按每个项目和每个组织的情况选择、改编和应用。过程管理需要经验测量的支持。在本知识域中，“过程”指工作活动，不是软件的执行。[^s1]\n\n生存周期主题包括生存周期的定义、过程类别与术语，过程模型与生存周期模型的区别，若干开发生存周期范式，软件生存周期过程的管理，以及生存周期的改编。评估与改进主题包括目标—问题—度量、基于框架的方法，以及敏捷中的过程评估与改进。[^s1]\n\n\n该知识域在指南中的一级主题为：\n\n- 软件工程过程基础\n- 生存周期\n- 软件过程评估与改进\n\n附录 B 把 [[work_ieee_12207_2017_8100769|ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017]] 作为主要的软件工程生存周期过程标准，并说明它与本指南都涉及许多相同的生存周期过程。附录同时列出 [[work_ieee_15288_2023_10123345|ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2023]]、[[work_ieee_24748_3_2020|ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-3:2020]]、[[work_ieee_24748_5_2017|ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-5:2017]]、[[work_ieee_24774_2021|ISO/IEC/IEEE 24774:2021]]。[^s1]",
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