{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "美国公共交通",
  "description": "美国公共交通由城市轨道交通、公共汽车、通勤铁路与城际航空、长途巴士共同构成，纽约、芝加哥、华盛顿、波士顿、旧金山、洛杉矶拥有大型地铁系统。",
  "url": "/it/concepts/us-public-transport.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "concept_us_public_transport",
    "type": "concept",
    "title": "美国公共交通",
    "slug": "us-public-transport",
    "summary": "美国公共交通由城市轨道交通、公共汽车、通勤铁路与城际航空、长途巴士共同构成，纽约、芝加哥、华盛顿、波士顿、旧金山、洛杉矶拥有大型地铁系统。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-transit"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-metro",
      "tag-bus"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "zwiki_3130099520",
        "title": "美国公共交通 — 维基百科",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A",
        "locator": "中文维基百科，2026-10-31 查阅"
      },
      {
        "id": "ewiki_1595176868",
        "title": "Public transport in the United States — Wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport_in_the_United_States",
        "locator": "English Wikipedia, accessed 2026-10-31"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-31T12:53:28+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-31T12:53:28+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 1,
    "body": "## 概况\n\n美国公共交通以**城市轨道交通 + 公共汽车**为城市内部骨架，以**城际航空**与**长途巴士**为城市间连接，另有大城市通勤铁路承担郊区客流。与美国广阔的城市形态相适应，小汽车出行占主导，但纽约、旧金山、波士顿、芝加哥、华盛顿等城市公共交通分担率较高。\n\n## 城市轨道交通\n\n- **纽约地铁**：全美规模最大，28 条线路、472 站、7×24 小时运营\n- **华盛顿地铁**：6 条线路、98 站，服务特区与两州郊区\n- **芝加哥“L”**：8 条线路、145 站，以环线高架著称\n- **波士顿地铁**：美国最古老（1897 年），红/橙/蓝/绿四线\n- **旧金山湾区捷运（BART）**：区域快线性质，连接旧金山、东湾与两大机场\n- **洛杉矶轨道交通**：6 条线路，轻轨为主，持续扩建\n- 其他：费城 SEPTA、亚特兰大 MARTA、迈阿密 Metrorail 等\n\n## 公共汽车\n\n各大城市由公共机构运营公交网络（如 MTA Bus、CTA Bus、LA Metro Bus），另有快速公交系统（波士顿银线、洛杉矶 G/J 线、纽约 Select Bus Service）。城际长途市场由 **Greyhound（灰狗）、FlixBus、Megabus** 等运营。\n\n## 城际航空\n\n美国城市间中长途出行高度依赖航空，以亚特兰大、达拉斯/沃思堡、丹佛、芝加哥奥黑尔、洛杉矶等枢纽机场为核心的轮辐式网络连接全美。\n\n## 相关条目\n\n[[concept_nyc_subway|纽约地铁]]、[[concept_dc_metro|华盛顿地铁]]、[[concept_chicago_l|芝加哥轨道交通]]、[[concept_boston_subway|波士顿地铁]]、[[concept_bart_system|旧金山湾区捷运]]、[[concept_la_metro_system|洛杉矶轨道交通]]、[[concept_us_aviation|美国航空运输业]]、[[concept_us_intercity_bus|美国城际巴士]]",
    "url": "/concepts/us-public-transport.html",
    "lang": "it",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "conceptKind": "other"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-metro",
      "slug": "metro",
      "name": "Metropolitana",
      "description": "Linee, stazioni e gestori della metropolitana nelle città cinesi.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "مترو",
        "de": "U-Bahn",
        "en": "Metro",
        "es": "Metro",
        "fr": "Métro",
        "hi": "मेट्रो",
        "id": "Metro",
        "it": "Metropolitana",
        "ja": "地下鉄",
        "ko": "지하철",
        "ms": "Metro",
        "nl": "Metro",
        "pt": "Metro",
        "ru": "Метро",
        "th": "รถไฟฟ้าใต้ดิน",
        "tr": "Metro",
        "vi": "Tàu điện ngầm",
        "zh": "地铁",
        "zh-hant": "地鐵"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "خطوط المترو ومحطاته والمشغلون في المدن الصينية.",
        "de": "U-Bahn-Linien, Stationen und Betreiber in chinesischen Städten.",
        "en": "Metro lines, stations and operating companies in Chinese cities.",
        "es": "Líneas, estaciones y operadores de metro de ciudades chinas.",
        "fr": "Lignes, stations et opérateurs de métro des villes chinoises.",
        "hi": "चीनी शहरों की मेट्रो लाइनें, स्टेशन और संचालक संस्थाएँ।",
        "id": "Jalur, stasiun, dan operator metro di kota-kota Tiongkok.",
        "it": "Linee, stazioni e gestori della metropolitana nelle città cinesi.",
        "ja": "中国各都市の地下鉄路線・駅・運営事業者。",
        "ko": "중국 도시의 지하철 노선·역·운영 기관.",
        "ms": "Laluan, stesen dan pengendali metro di bandar-bandar China.",
        "nl": "Metrolijnen, stations en vervoerders in Chinese steden.",
        "pt": "Linhas, estações e operadores de metro das cidades chinesas.",
        "ru": "Линии, станции и операторы метро в городах Китая.",
        "th": "เส้นทาง สถานี และผู้ให้บริการรถไฟฟ้าใต้ดินในเมืองจีน",
        "tr": "Çin şehirlerindeki metro hatları, istasyonları ve işletmecileri.",
        "vi": "Tuyến, ga và đơn vị vận hành tàu điện ngầm ở các thành phố Trung Quốc.",
        "zh": "中国城市地铁线路、车站与运营机构。",
        "zh-hant": "中國城市地鐵路線、車站與營運機構。"
      },
      "count": 6975
    },
    {
      "id": "tag-bus",
      "slug": "bus",
      "name": "Autobus",
      "description": "Linee di autobus e gestori.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "حافلة",
        "de": "Bus",
        "en": "Bus",
        "es": "Autobús",
        "fr": "Autobus",
        "hi": "बस",
        "id": "Bus",
        "it": "Autobus",
        "ja": "路線バス",
        "ko": "시내버스",
        "ms": "Bas",
        "nl": "Bus",
        "pt": "Autocarro",
        "ru": "Автобус",
        "th": "รถโดยสารประจำทาง",
        "tr": "Otobüs",
        "vi": "Xe buýt",
        "zh": "公交巴士",
        "zh-hant": "巴士"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "خطوط الحافلات والمشغلون.",
        "de": "Buslinien und Betreibergesellschaften.",
        "en": "Bus routes and the operators that run them.",
        "es": "Líneas de autobús y sus operadores.",
        "fr": "Lignes de bus et opérateurs.",
        "hi": "बस मार्ग और उन्हें चलाने वाली संस्थाएँ।",
        "id": "Rute bus dan operatornya.",
        "it": "Linee di autobus e gestori.",
        "ja": "バス路線と運行事業者。",
        "ko": "버스 노선과 운영 기관.",
        "ms": "Laluan bas dan pengendalinya.",
        "nl": "Buslijnen en de vervoerders daarvan.",
        "pt": "Linhas de autocarro e operadores.",
        "ru": "Автобусные маршруты и перевозчики.",
        "th": "เส้นทางรถโดยสารและผู้ให้บริการ",
        "tr": "Otobüs hatları ve işletmecileri.",
        "vi": "Các tuyến xe buýt và đơn vị vận hành.",
        "zh": "巴士线路与运营机构。",
        "zh-hant": "巴士路線與營運機構。"
      },
      "count": 69
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 1,
      "updatedAt": "2026-10-31T12:53:28+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/it/concepts/us-public-transport/at/1.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "it",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "concept_kind",
      "label": "Concept kind",
      "value": "Altro"
    }
  ]
}