{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "孝慈高皇后",
  "description": "孝慈高皇后马氏是明太祖朱元璋正宫皇后，洪武朝母仪天下，合葬南京明孝陵。",
  "url": "/it/people/empress-xiaocigao-ming.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "person_cn_q1068941",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "孝慈高皇后",
    "slug": "empress-xiaocigao-ming",
    "aliases": [
      "马皇后",
      "马秀英",
      "Empress Ma",
      "Empress Xiaocigao"
    ],
    "summary": "孝慈高皇后马氏是明太祖朱元璋正宫皇后，洪武朝母仪天下，合葬南京明孝陵。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-history",
      "category-people",
      "category-historical-figures"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-ancient-china"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "wikidata",
        "title": "Wikidata Q1068941",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068941",
        "locator": "P569 生年；P570 卒年；P26 朱元璋；P119 明孝陵"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "孝慈高皇后 (明朝)（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E6%85%88%E9%AB%98%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhengshi",
        "title": "明史/卷113（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7113",
        "locator": "列传一·后妃：太祖孝慈高皇后"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-01T10:42:05+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T10:43:24+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 2,
    "body": "**孝慈高皇后**（马氏，1332年12月18日—1382年9月）是明朝[[person_cn_q9957|太祖朱元璋]]的正宫皇后。[^zhengshi][^zhwiki]与清朝太祖后妃叶赫那拉氏同谥「孝慈高皇后」，并非同一人。\n\n## 生平\n\n马氏为宿州人马公之女，早年随郭子兴义军，适朱元璋。朱元璋称吴王后册为妃，洪武元年（1368年）立为皇后。[^zhengshi]她在位时劝帝勿妄杀、恤民困，宫中以俭约著称。[^zhwiki]\n\n洪武十五年八月丙戌（1382年9月）崩，年五十一。[^zhengshi][^wikidata]谥孝慈，合葬[[place_hist_q28769|明孝陵]]；累加谥，终曰孝慈昭宪至仁文德承天顺圣高皇后。[^zhengshi]\n\n## 亲属\n\n夫：太祖[[person_cn_q9957|朱元璋]]。子包括懿文太子朱标、[[person_cn_q9965|明成祖]]朱棣等。[^zhengshi][^wikidata]",
    "url": "/people/empress-xiaocigao-ming.html",
    "lang": "it",
    "sourceLang": "zh",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "birth": {
      "year": 1332,
      "month": 12,
      "day": 18,
      "display": "1332年12月18日"
    },
    "death": {
      "year": 1382,
      "month": 9,
      "display": "洪武十五年八月（1382年9月）"
    },
    "occupations": [
      "后妃"
    ],
    "disambiguation": "明太祖皇后马氏；非清太祖孝慈高皇后",
    "personCategory": "历史人物"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "Cina antica",
      "description": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1097
    }
  ],
  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "person_cn_q9957",
      "fromTitle": "朱元璋",
      "fromUrl": "/it/people/hongwu-emperor.html",
      "fromType": "person"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_hist_q28769",
      "fromTitle": "明孝陵",
      "fromUrl": "/it/places/ming-xiaoling.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 2,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T10:43:24+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/it/people/empress-xiaocigao-ming/at/2.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "it",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "birth_date",
      "label": "Birth",
      "value": "1332年12月18日"
    },
    {
      "key": "death_date",
      "label": "Death",
      "value": "洪武十五年八月（1382年9月）"
    },
    {
      "key": "person_category",
      "label": "Person category",
      "value": "历史人物"
    },
    {
      "key": "occupations",
      "label": "Occupations",
      "value": "后妃"
    },
    {
      "key": "disambiguation",
      "label": "Disambiguation",
      "value": "明太祖皇后马氏；非清太祖孝慈高皇后"
    }
  ],
  "mentionsTotal": 2
}