{
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  "title": "詹姆士·W·布拉克",
  "description": "詹姆士·W·布拉克（Sir James W. Black，1924年6月14日—2010年3月21日）是苏格兰药理学家，1988 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。",
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    "title": "詹姆士·W·布拉克",
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    "summary": "詹姆士·W·布拉克（Sir James W. Black，1924年6月14日—2010年3月21日）是苏格兰药理学家，1988 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主之一。",
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        "title": "Sir James W. Black – Facts",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1988/black/facts/"
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        "id": "s2",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1988/summary/"
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    "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:29:21+08:00",
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    "body": "**詹姆士·W·布拉克**（Sir James W. Black，1924年6月14日—2010年3月21日）出生于英国，2010年3月21日去世。\n\n## 获奖\n\n1988 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由 3 位得主共享，詹姆士·W·布拉克占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 London University, King's College Hospital Medical School，所在地为伦敦（英国）[^s1]。\n\n## 生平与贡献\n\n詹姆士·布拉克是苏格兰药理学家，理性药物设计的先驱。他基于受体理论研制出第一种β受体阻滞剂普萘洛尔，用于治疗心绞痛与高血压；随后又研制出第一种组胺 H2 受体拮抗剂西咪替丁，用于治疗胃溃疡。这两类药物开创了以受体为靶点设计新药的时代[^s1][^s2]。1988 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由他与乔治·希钦斯、格特鲁德·埃利恩共享[^s2]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1988|1988 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]",
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      "edition": "1988",
      "name": "詹姆士·W·布拉克",
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