--- { "aliases": [ "Nobel Prize 2008", "2008诺贝尔奖" ], "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "categories": [ "category-awards" ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00", "fallback": true, "id": "work_nobel_prize_2008", "lang": "it", "language": "中文", "published": { "precision": "year", "year": 2008 }, "rankingColumns": [ { "key": "motivation", "label": "获奖理由" }, { "key": "affiliation", "label": "获奖时所属机构" } ], "rankingEntries": [ { "entityId": "person_nobel_826", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago" } ], "name": "南部阳一郎", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_827", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)" } ], "name": "小林诚", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_828", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Kyoto Sangyo University" } ], "name": "益川敏英", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_829", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL)" } ], "name": "下村修", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_830", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Columbia University" } ], "name": "马丁·查尔菲", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_831", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "University of California" } ], "name": "钱永健", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_823", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "German Cancer Research Center" } ], "name": "哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_824", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Regulation of Retroviral Infections Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur" } ], "name": "弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_825", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "World Foundation for AIDS Research and Prevention" } ], "name": "吕克·蒙塔尼耶", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_832", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization" } ], "name": "让-马里·古斯塔夫·勒克莱齐奥", "sourceId": "s4", "tier": "literature" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_834", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Princeton University" } ], "name": "保罗·克鲁格曼", "sourceId": "s5", "tier": "economics" } ], "rankingTiers": [ { "id": "physics", "label": "诺贝尔物理学奖" }, { "id": "chemistry", "label": "诺贝尔化学奖" }, { "id": "medicine", "label": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖" }, { "id": "literature", "label": "诺贝尔文学奖" }, { "id": "economics", "label": "瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖" } ], "revision": 4, "slug": "nobel-prize-2008", "sources": [ { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s1", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2008/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s3", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2008/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s4", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2008", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2008/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s5", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2008/summary/" } ], "status": "published", "summary": "2008 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、11 位得主，获奖名单在 2008-10-06 至 2008-10-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。", "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "title": "2008 年诺贝尔奖", "type": "work", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T03:33:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "workKind": "ranking_list" } --- # 2008 年诺贝尔奖 2008 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、11 位得主，获奖名单在 2008-10-06 至 2008-10-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。 **2008 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 2008-10-06 至 2008-10-13 陆续公布[^s1]。 ## 本年度获奖情况 | 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 | | --- | --- | ---: | | 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 2008-10-07 | 3 | | 诺贝尔化学奖 | 2008-10-08 | 3 | | 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 2008-10-06 | 3 | | 诺贝尔文学奖 | 2008-10-09 | 1 | | 瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 | 2008-10-13 | 1 | 得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。 ## 参见 [诺贝尔奖](/it/concepts/nobel-prize.html)、[诺贝尔基金会](/it/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) 更新时间：2026-11-01 ## 标签 ## 关系 - Published by：[诺贝尔基金会](/it/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) - Previous edition：[2007 年诺贝尔奖](/it/works/nobel-prize-2007.html) - Next edition：[2009 年诺贝尔奖](/it/works/nobel-prize-2009.html) 第 1 / 1 页，共 3 条。 ## 正文反向链接 - [哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森](/it/people/harald-zur-hausen.html) - [弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西](/it/people/francoise-barre-sinoussi.html) - [吕克·蒙塔尼耶](/it/people/luc-montagnier.html) - [南部阳一郎](/it/people/yoichiro-nambu.html) - [小林诚](/it/people/makoto-kobayashi.html) - [益川敏英](/it/people/toshihide-maskawa.html) - [下村修](/it/people/osamu-shimomura.html) - [马丁·查尔菲](/it/people/martin-chalfie.html) - [钱永健](/it/people/roger-y-tsien.html) - [让-马里·古斯塔夫·勒克莱齐奥](/it/people/jean-marie-gustave-le-clezio.html) ## 来源 - The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2008/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2008/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2008/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Literature 2008：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2008/summary/ - The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2008/summary/