{
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  "title": "史记",
  "description": "《史记》原名《太史公书》，是西汉司马迁撰写的纪传体通史，记事上起传说中的黄帝、下至汉武帝太初年间，是中国第一部纪传体通史，也是“二十四史”之首。全书一百三十篇，分本纪、表、书、世家、列传五体。",
  "url": "/it/works/records-grand-historian.html",
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    "id": "work_cn_q272530",
    "type": "work",
    "title": "史记",
    "slug": "records-grand-historian",
    "aliases": [
      "Records of the Grand Historian"
    ],
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    "summary": "《史记》原名《太史公书》，是西汉司马迁撰写的纪传体通史，记事上起传说中的黄帝、下至汉武帝太初年间，是中国第一部纪传体通史，也是“二十四史”之首。全书一百三十篇，分本纪、表、书、世家、列传五体。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-literature"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-classics",
      "tag-ancient-china"
    ],
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        "title": "Wikidata Q272530",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272530"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "史记（中文维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0"
      },
      {
        "id": "wikisource",
        "title": "史记（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-31T23:59:21+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 5,
    "body": "## 概述\n\n《史记》原名《太史公书》，是西汉[[person_cn_q9372|司马迁]]撰写的纪传体通史，记事上起传说中的黄帝、下至汉武帝太初年间，是中国第一部纪传体通史，也是“二十四史”之首。[^zhwiki][^wikidata]\n\n## 成书\n\n司马迁字子长，继其父司马谈任太史令，继承父亲的修史之志着手撰述；后因李陵之祸下狱受腐刑，仍发愤完成全书。全书由司马氏父子两代积累而成，篇末的“太史公曰”是作者本人的论赞。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 体例与内容\n\n全书一百三十篇，分十二本纪、十表、八书、三十世家、七十列传五种体例，彼此配合：本纪记帝王，表谱列大事，书述制度，世家记诸侯与重要人物，列传叙各类人物。它以人物为中心记事，兼及典章制度与周边民族，《项羽本纪》《陈涉世家》《货殖列传》《匈奴列传》等篇流传最广。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 流传与注本\n\n书写成后藏于家中，至汉宣帝时由司马迁外孙杨恽传出。今本已非完帙，部分篇章出自后人续补，褚少孙曾补缀若干篇。南朝宋裴骃《史记集解》、唐司马贞《史记索隐》、唐张守节《史记正义》是通行的古注，后世合刻为“三家注本”。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 影响\n\n《史记》确立了后世正史沿用的纪传体体例，其叙事笔法也深刻影响了中国散文、小说与戏曲。鲁迅在《汉文学史纲要》中称它为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 参见\n\n- [[work_cn_q846905|《汉书》]]\n- [[work_cn_q247318|《三国志》]]\n- [[work_cn_q207062|《资治通鉴》]]\n- [[person_cn_q9372|司马迁]]",
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    "medium": "纪传体通史",
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    "creators": [
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      "slug": "classics",
      "name": "Classici",
      "description": "Opere classiche e romanzi della Cina premoderna.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "كلاسيكيات",
        "de": "Klassiker",
        "en": "Classics",
        "es": "Clásicos",
        "fr": "Classiques",
        "hi": "शास्त्रीय कृतियाँ",
        "id": "Karya klasik",
        "it": "Classici",
        "ja": "古典名著",
        "ko": "고전 명저",
        "ms": "Karya klasik",
        "nl": "Klassiekers",
        "pt": "Clássicos",
        "ru": "Классика",
        "th": "วรรณกรรมคลาสสิก",
        "tr": "Klasik eserler",
        "vi": "Tác phẩm cổ điển",
        "zh": "古典名著",
        "zh-hant": "古典名著"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "الأعمال الكلاسيكية والروايات في الصين ما قبل الحديثة.",
        "de": "Klassische Werke und Romane des vormodernen China.",
        "en": "Classic works and novels of pre-modern China.",
        "es": "Obras clásicas y novelas de la China premoderna.",
        "fr": "Œuvres classiques et romans de la Chine prémoderne.",
        "hi": "पूर्व-आधुनिक चीन की शास्त्रीय कृतियाँ और उपन्यास।",
        "id": "Karya klasik dan novel Tiongkok pra-modern.",
        "it": "Opere classiche e romanzi della Cina premoderna.",
        "ja": "中国古代の古典的な著作と小説。",
        "ko": "중국 고대의 고전 저술과 소설.",
        "ms": "Karya klasik dan novel China pramoden.",
        "nl": "Klassieke werken en romans uit het premoderne China.",
        "pt": "Obras clássicas e romances da China pré-moderna.",
        "ru": "Классические произведения и романы традиционного Китая.",
        "th": "วรรณกรรมและนวนิยายคลาสสิกของจีนก่อนยุคใหม่",
        "tr": "Modern öncesi Çin'in klasik eserleri ve romanları.",
        "vi": "Các tác phẩm và tiểu thuyết cổ điển của Trung Quốc tiền hiện đại.",
        "zh": "中国古代经典著作与小说。",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代經典著作與小說。"
      },
      "count": 1077
    },
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "Cina antica",
      "description": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1097
    }
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