{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "多尔衮",
  "description": "多尔衮（1612年11月17日—1650年12月31日），清朝人物。",
  "url": "/ja/people/dorgon.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "person_cn_q380573",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "多尔衮",
    "slug": "dorgon",
    "aliases": [
      "Dorgon"
    ],
    "previousSlugs": [
      "dorgon-q380573"
    ],
    "summary": "多尔衮（1612年11月17日—1650年12月31日），清朝人物。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-history",
      "category-people",
      "category-historical-figures"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-ancient-china"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "wikidata",
        "title": "Wikidata Q380573",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380573"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "多尔衮（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%88%BE%E8%A2%9E"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhengshi",
        "title": "清史稿/卷218（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8F%B2%E7%A8%BF/%E5%8D%B7218"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:11:30+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 6,
    "body": "## 生平\n\n多尔衮（1612年11月17日—1650年12月31日），爱新觉罗氏，是努尔哈赤第十四子，母亲为大妃阿巴亥。1626年努尔哈赤去世，阿巴亥被迫殉葬，年幼的多尔衮失怙，此后以军功立身：随皇太极征察哈尔、征朝鲜，天聪年间招降林丹汗之子额哲并获元朝传国玉玺，崇德年间参与松锦之战，封和硕睿亲王。[^zhwiki]1643年皇太极暴卒，汗位之争僵持，多尔衮拥立皇太极第九子福临即位，与济尔哈朗共同辅政，随后独揽大权，先后被尊为叔父摄政王、皇叔父摄政王、皇父摄政王。1650年，多尔衮出猎塞外时病逝于喀喇城。[^zhengshi]他死后曾被追尊为成宗义皇帝，不久顺治帝亲政，追夺其封爵并毁墓；至1778年乾隆帝为他平反，恢复睿亲王封号。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n多尔衮是清朝入主中原的关键决策者。1644年李自成攻占北京后，他力排众议，采纳范文程、洪承畴之议，率清军入关，在山海关击败李自成军，随即定鼎北京，并分兵追击农民军、平定南明诸政权，使清朝由地方政权转为全国政权。[^zhwiki]摄政期间，他下令取消明末辽饷、剿饷、练饷三饷，谕令以明律为蓝本修成《大清律》，为清朝法制奠基。与此同时，他推行的剃发令、圈地、投充、逃人法等政策激化了民族矛盾，引发江南等地的激烈反抗，其评价在史学界长期存在争议。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 正史记载\n\n正史传记见《清史稿/卷218》[^zhengshi]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：清朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：兴京[^wikidata]",
    "url": "/people/dorgon.html",
    "lang": "ja",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh",
      "en"
    ],
    "birth": {
      "year": 1612,
      "month": 11,
      "day": 17,
      "display": "1612年11月17日"
    },
    "death": {
      "year": 1650,
      "month": 12,
      "day": 31,
      "display": "1650年12月31日"
    },
    "occupations": [
      "政治人物"
    ],
    "nativePlace": "兴京",
    "personCategory": "历史人物"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "中国古代",
      "description": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1084
    }
  ],
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      "id": "rel_380573_born_in_842950",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q380573",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_hist_q842950",
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      ],
      "label": "Born in",
      "targetId": "place_hist_q842950",
      "targetTitle": "兴京",
      "targetUrl": "/ja/places/xingjing.html",
      "incoming": false
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 6,
      "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:11:30+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/ja/people/dorgon/at/6.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "ja",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh",
    "en"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "birth_date",
      "label": "Birth",
      "value": "1612年11月17日"
    },
    {
      "key": "death_date",
      "label": "Death",
      "value": "1650年12月31日"
    },
    {
      "key": "native_place",
      "label": "Native place",
      "value": "兴京"
    },
    {
      "key": "person_category",
      "label": "Person category",
      "value": "历史人物"
    },
    {
      "key": "occupations",
      "label": "Occupations",
      "value": "政治人物"
    }
  ],
  "relationsTotal": 1,
  "relationCounts": [
    {
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "incoming": false,
      "label": "Born in",
      "total": 1
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  ]
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