{
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  "title": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克",
  "description": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克是发现转座子的遗传学家，1983年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。",
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    "title": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克",
    "slug": "barbara-mcclintock",
    "aliases": [
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    "summary": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克是发现转座子的遗传学家，1983年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主。",
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        "title": "Barbara McClintock – Facts",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
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        "id": "s2",
        "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1983",
        "author": "The Nobel Foundation",
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        "title": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克 – Biographical",
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        "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1983/mcclintock/biographical/"
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        "title": "巴巴拉·麦克林托克",
        "author": "Wikipedia",
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    "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:49:19+08:00",
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    "body": "**巴巴拉·麦克林托克**（Barbara McClintock，1902年6月16日—1992年9月2日）出生于哈特福德（美国），1992年9月2日在亨廷顿（美国）去世。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n麦克林托克在康奈尔大学获博士学位，长期任职于冷泉港实验室与密苏里大学，从事玉米细胞遗传学研究。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 主要成就\n\n麦克林托克发现转座子，证明基因可在染色体上移动并调控基因表达，这一发现超前时代数十年，后成为分子遗传学的基石。[^s3][^s4]\n\n## 获奖\n\n1983 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予 巴巴拉·麦克林托克，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for her discovery of mobile genetic elements”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory，所在地为冷泉港（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_1983|1983 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]",
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