{
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  "title": "汉文帝 · Relasi",
  "description": "汉文帝（公元前202年—公元前156年），西汉皇帝。",
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    "summary": "汉文帝（公元前202年—公元前156年），西汉皇帝。",
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        "title": "Wikidata Q7221",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7221"
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      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "汉文帝（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhengshi",
        "title": "汉文帝本纪（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7010"
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    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:10:27+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 6,
    "body": "## 生平\n\n汉文帝刘恒（前203年—前157年），汉高祖刘邦第四子，母为薄姬。前196年，刘恒受封为代王，在代国十五年，素以宽仁谦抑著称。前180年吕后去世，太尉周勃、丞相陈平等诛灭诸吕，又以少帝及诸王皆非惠帝亲生子为由将其废黜，迎立刘恒入京为帝；刘恒经反复权衡、遣舅父薄昭入京探询虚实之后，方才入主未央宫。在位期间，济北王刘兴居曾乘文帝亲征匈奴之机起兵，很快被平定；淮南王刘长谋反事发，文帝废其王爵、徙往蜀郡，刘长途中绝食而死，此事的处置在当时与后世颇受议论。[^zhengshi][^zhwiki]前157年，文帝崩于未央宫，在位二十三年，葬霸陵，庙号太宗，谥曰孝文皇帝。[^zhengshi]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n文帝延续并深化了汉初与民休息的方针。在赋役方面，他将田租由十五税一减为三十税一，前167年起更下诏全免田租，此后十余年间全国不征田租，直至景帝时才恢复三十税一之制；算赋由每人一百二十钱减为四十钱；成年男子的徭役由每年一服改为三年一服。[^zhwiki]在刑罚方面，前179年他废除收孥相坐之律与诽谤妖言之罪；前167年，齐太仓令淳于意之女缇萦上书请代父受刑，文帝为之感动，下诏废除黥、劓、刖等肉刑，改以笞杖等刑替代，这是中国古代刑罚制度由残酷趋向宽缓的重要转折。[^zhengshi][^zhwiki]文帝本人以节俭著称，在位二十三年，宫室、苑囿、车骑、服御无所增益，预修霸陵时要求因山为陵、皆用瓦器，遗诏又命丧葬从简，不得因帝丧久禁婚嫁饮酒食肉。[^zhengshi]对外方面，他遣陆贾再使南越，以德怀柔，使南越王赵佗去帝号、复为汉之藩臣；对匈奴则续行和亲、守边备塞而不轻启战端。[^zhwiki]据后世研究估计，文帝在位期间全国户口由汉初的约一千四百万回升至约三千一百万。文帝与其子景帝前后续治的时期史称“文景之治”，使西汉国力在秦末战乱后得到恢复，为汉武帝时期的开拓奠定了基础。[^zhwiki]《史记》《汉书》皆称许其仁厚，班固在《汉书》中赞之曰“呜呼，仁哉”。[^zhengshi]\n\n## 正史记载\n\n正史传记见《汉文帝本纪》[^zhengshi]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：西汉皇帝[^wikidata]\n- 所属朝代或国家：西汉[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：长安[^wikidata]",
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