{
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  "title": "徐霞客",
  "description": "徐霞客（1587年1月5日—1641年3月8日），明朝人物。",
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    "id": "person_cn_q1367171",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "徐霞客",
    "slug": "xu-xiake",
    "aliases": [
      "Xu Xiake"
    ],
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    "summary": "徐霞客（1587年1月5日—1641年3月8日），明朝人物。",
    "status": "published",
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      "category-people",
      "category-historical-figures"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-ancient-china"
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        "title": "Wikidata Q1367171",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367171"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "徐霞客（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%9C%9E%E5%AE%A2"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:24:14+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 8,
    "body": "## 生平\n\n徐霞客（1587年—1641年），名弘祖，字振之，号霞客，南直隶江阴县人。他自万历年间开始出游，三十余年间纵游中国南北，足迹遍及今北京、河北、山东、河南、江苏、浙江、福建、山西、江西、湖南、广西、云南、贵州等十六省，所到之处探幽寻秘、记录见闻，常露宿荒野，旅途中多次绝粮、遇盗。崇祯十年（1637年）他在湘江遇盗，跳水脱身后一无所有，靠借贷才完成旅程。崇祯十四年（1641年）他在云南腾越游历时得病，双足不能行走，由当地知府用轿子送返江阴，不久去世。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n徐霞客是中国历史上著名的地理学家、旅行家和文学家。他对石灰岩（岩溶）地貌进行了深刻的研究和记录，对溶洞分布以及石钟乳、石笋、溶沟、石芽、石梁的成因都有详细考释，是世界上对岩溶地貌进行系统考察的先行者；他还考察了长江源头，纠正了古代文献以岷山为长江源头（“导江”）的错误论断。他留下的旅行日记经后人整理为《徐霞客游记》，内容涵盖地理、地貌、水文、气候、植物、农业、矿业、交通、古迹与风俗民情，具有很高的科学和文学价值。清初钱谦益将他与张骞、玄奘、耶律楚材并列。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：明朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：[[place_cn_320281|江阴市]][^wikidata]\n\n## 著作\n\n- [[work_cn_q8045132|《徐霞客游记》]]",
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    "lang": "ms",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
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    "birth": {
      "year": 1587,
      "month": 1,
      "day": 5,
      "display": "1587年1月5日"
    },
    "death": {
      "year": 1641,
      "month": 3,
      "day": 8,
      "display": "1641年3月8日"
    },
    "occupations": [
      "作家",
      "地理学家",
      "探险家"
    ],
    "nativePlace": "江阴市",
    "personCategory": "历史人物"
  },
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  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "China purba",
      "description": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1097
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      "hasSnapshot": true,
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