--- { "aliases": [ "Nobel Prize 1981", "1981诺贝尔奖" ], "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "categories": [ "category-awards" ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00", "fallback": true, "id": "work_nobel_prize_1981", "lang": "ms", "language": "中文", "published": { "precision": "year", "year": 1981 }, "rankingColumns": [ { "key": "motivation", "label": "获奖理由" }, { "key": "affiliation", "label": "获奖时所属机构" } ], "rankingEntries": [ { "entityId": "person_nobel_118", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Harvard University" } ], "name": "尼古拉斯·布隆伯根", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_119", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Stanford University" } ], "name": "阿瑟·肖洛", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_120", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Uppsala University" } ], "name": "凯·西格巴恩", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_257", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Kyoto University" } ], "name": "福井谦一", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_258", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Cornell University" } ], "name": "罗德·霍夫曼", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_422", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "California Institute of Technology (Caltech)" } ], "name": "罗杰·斯佩里", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_423", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Harvard Medical School" } ], "name": "大卫·休伯尔", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_424", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Harvard Medical School" } ], "name": "托斯坦·威泽尔", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_658", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power" } ], "name": "埃利亚斯·卡内蒂", "sourceId": "s4", "tier": "literature" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_695", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Yale University" } ], "name": "詹姆斯·托宾", "sourceId": "s5", "tier": "economics" } ], "rankingTiers": [ { "id": "physics", "label": "诺贝尔物理学奖" }, { "id": "chemistry", "label": "诺贝尔化学奖" }, { "id": "medicine", "label": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖" }, { "id": "literature", "label": "诺贝尔文学奖" }, { "id": "economics", "label": "瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖" } ], "revision": 4, "slug": "nobel-prize-1981", "sources": [ { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s1", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1981/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1981/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s3", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1981/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s4", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1981", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1981/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s5", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1981", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1981/summary/" } ], "status": "published", "summary": "1981 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、10 位得主，获奖名单在 1981-10-09 至 1981-10-19 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。", "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "title": "1981 年诺贝尔奖", "type": "work", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T03:31:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "workKind": "ranking_list" } --- # 1981 年诺贝尔奖 1981 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、10 位得主，获奖名单在 1981-10-09 至 1981-10-19 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。 **1981 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1981-10-09 至 1981-10-19 陆续公布[^s1]。 ## 本年度获奖情况 | 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 | | --- | --- | ---: | | 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1981-10-19 | 3 | | 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1981-10-19 | 2 | | 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1981-10-09 | 3 | | 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1981-10-15 | 1 | | 瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 | 1981-10-13 | 1 | 得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。 ## 参见 [诺贝尔奖](/ms/concepts/nobel-prize.html)、[诺贝尔基金会](/ms/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) 更新时间：2026-11-01 ## 标签 ## 关系 - Published by：[诺贝尔基金会](/ms/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) - Previous edition：[1980 年诺贝尔奖](/ms/works/nobel-prize-1980.html) - Next edition：[1982 年诺贝尔奖](/ms/works/nobel-prize-1982.html) 第 1 / 1 页，共 3 条。 ## 正文反向链接 - [尼古拉斯·布隆伯根](/ms/people/nicolaas-bloembergen.html) - [阿瑟·肖洛](/ms/people/arthur-l-schawlow.html) - [凯·西格巴恩](/ms/people/kai-m-siegbahn.html) - [福井谦一](/ms/people/kenichi-fukui.html) - [罗德·霍夫曼](/ms/people/roald-hoffmann.html) - [罗杰·斯佩里](/ms/people/roger-w-sperry.html) - [大卫·休伯尔](/ms/people/david-h-hubel.html) - [托斯坦·威泽尔](/ms/people/torsten-n-wiesel.html) - [埃利亚斯·卡内蒂](/ms/people/elias-canetti.html) - [詹姆斯·托宾](/ms/people/james-tobin.html) ## 来源 - The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1981/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1981/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1981/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Literature 1981：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1981/summary/ - The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1981：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1981/summary/