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  <description>数学基础讨论软件工程师用来精确推理的逻辑与形式系统，而不是日常算术。</description>
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    <summary>数学基础讨论软件工程师用来精确推理的逻辑与形式系统，而不是日常算术。</summary>
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        <title>Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK Guide) v4.0a</title>
        <author>Hironori Washizaki (ed.), IEEE Computer Society</author>
        <date>2026-08</date>
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    <body>指南认为，软件工程师只能为遵循已充分理解、无歧义的逻辑的事物编写代码。本知识域帮助理解这种逻辑，再把它写成源代码。这里的数学是形式系统的研究：在所研究的系统中设定推理规则，按这些规则推出的结论在该系统内是确定的。它是三个基础知识域之一。[^s1]&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;该知识域在指南中的一级主题为：&#xA;&#xA;- 基本逻辑&#xA;- 证明技术&#xA;- 集合、关系与函数&#xA;- 图与树&#xA;- 有限状态机&#xA;- 文法&#xA;- 数论&#xA;- 计数基础&#xA;- 离散概率&#xA;- 数值精度、准确度与误差&#xA;- 代数结构&#xA;- 工程微积分&#xA;- 新进展</body>
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