{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "越南 · Relaties",
  "description": "越南是位于东南亚中南半岛东部的国家，首都河内；行政区划包括中央直辖市与省，主要城市包括胡志明市、海防、岘港、芹苴、顺化及芽庄等。",
  "url": "/nl/places/vietnam/relation.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "place_vietnam_country",
    "type": "place",
    "title": "越南",
    "slug": "vietnam",
    "aliases": [
      "Vietnam",
      "Socialist Republic of Vietnam",
      "Việt Nam",
      "越南社会主义共和国"
    ],
    "summary": "越南是位于东南亚中南半岛东部的国家，首都河内；行政区划包括中央直辖市与省，主要城市包括胡志明市、海防、岘港、芹苴、顺化及芽庄等。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-geography"
    ],
    "tags": [],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "geonames",
        "title": "GeoNames: Socialist Republic of Vietnam",
        "author": "GeoNames",
        "url": "https://www.geonames.org/1562822/socialist-republic-of-viet-nam.html",
        "locator": "GeonameId 1562822；坐标 16.16667, 107.83333"
      },
      {
        "id": "wikidata",
        "title": "Wikidata Q881",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q881"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "越南（中文维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97",
        "locator": "2026-11-09 访问"
      },
      {
        "id": "viwiki",
        "title": "Việt Nam（维基百科越南语）",
        "url": "https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam",
        "locator": "2026-11-09 访问"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki-admin",
        "title": "越南行政区划（中文维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92",
        "locator": "中央直辖市与省；2025年6月16日前为省—县—社三级；2026-11-09 访问"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-09T03:54:32+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-09T09:41:44+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 5,
    "body": "**越南**（越南语：Việt Nam）是位于东南亚中南半岛东部的国家，正式名称为越南社会主义共和国（Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam），首都为[[place_vn_hanoi|河内]]。[^geonames][^wikidata]\n\n## 位置与范围\n\n越南东临南海，北接中国，西邻老挝与柬埔寨；国土呈南北狭长形。主要城市包括首都[[place_vn_hanoi|河内]]、南部的[[place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city|胡志明市]]，以及[[place_vn_hai_phong|海防]]、[[place_vn_da_nang|岘港]]、[[place_vn_can_tho|芹苴]]、[[place_vn_hue|顺化]]等中央直辖市，以及庆和省省会[[place_vn_nha_trang|芽庄]]等。[^zhwiki][^viwiki]\n\n## 沿革\n\n1976年南北统一后采用现行国名越南社会主义共和国。[^wikidata][^viwiki]\n\n## 行政区划\n\n越南行政区划以省级单位为基础，包括**中央直辖市**与**省**。中央直辖市行政地位与省同级；本站已建中央直辖市条目有：[[place_vn_hanoi|河内]]、[[place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city|胡志明市]]、[[place_vn_hai_phong|海防]]、[[place_vn_da_nang|岘港]]、[[place_vn_can_tho|芹苴]]、[[place_vn_hue|顺化]]（2025年1月1日起以原承天顺化省域设市）。省会城市另见[[place_vn_nha_trang|芽庄]]（庆和省）。\n\n据中文维基百科《越南行政区划》：在2025年6月16日以前，全国划分为省与中央直辖市（省级），其下设县、省辖市、市社或郡等（县级），再下为社、坊、市镇（社级）。此后行政区划调整为省／中央直辖市与社级两级结构，省级单位数量亦有变更；具体现行数目以越南官方公报为准。[^zhwiki-admin]\n\n## 现状\n\n越南为东南亚国家联盟成员国，官方语言为越南语；政治与文化中心在[[place_vn_hanoi|河内]]，南部经济中心为[[place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city|胡志明市]]。[^zhwiki]",
    "url": "/places/vietnam.html",
    "lang": "nl",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "placeKind": "country",
    "coordinates": {
      "latitude": 16.16667,
      "longitude": 107.83333
    },
    "locationNote": "GeoNames 国家代表点（GeonameId 1562822）"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "relations": [
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_hanoi_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_hanoi",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_hanoi",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_hanoi",
      "targetTitle": "河内",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hanoi.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_hcmc_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
      "targetTitle": "胡志明市",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-ho-chi-minh-city.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_gdvn_hq_vietnam",
      "fromId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
      "relationType": "headquartered_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "note": "总部仅记越南，未写具体城市",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Organizations here",
      "targetId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
      "targetTitle": "Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/organizations/vietnam-education-publishing.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_qdnd_hq_vietnam",
      "fromId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
      "relationType": "headquartered_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "note": "总部仅记越南，未写具体城市",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
          "sourceId": "s1"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Organizations here",
      "targetId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
      "targetTitle": "Nhà xuất bản Quân đội nhân dân",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/organizations/qdnd-publishing.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_da_nang_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_da_nang",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
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        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "sourceId": "zhwiki"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_da_nang",
      "targetTitle": "岘港",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-da-nang.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_hai_phong_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "sourceId": "zhwiki"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
      "targetTitle": "海防",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hai-phong.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_can_tho_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_can_tho",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "sourceId": "zhwiki"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_can_tho",
      "targetTitle": "芹苴",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-can-tho.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_hue_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_hue",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "note": "越南中部城市／中央直辖市",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_hue",
      "targetTitle": "顺化",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hue.html",
      "incoming": true
    },
    {
      "id": "rel_vn_nha_trang_located_in_vietnam",
      "fromId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
      "relationType": "located_in",
      "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "note": "庆和省省会城市",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "sourceId": "geonames"
        },
        {
          "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Contains places",
      "targetId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
      "targetTitle": "芽庄",
      "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-nha-trang.html",
      "incoming": true
    }
  ],
  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_can_tho",
      "fromTitle": "芹苴",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-can-tho.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_da_nang",
      "fromTitle": "岘港",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-da-nang.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
      "fromTitle": "海防",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hai-phong.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_hanoi",
      "fromTitle": "河内",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hanoi.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
      "fromTitle": "胡志明市",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-ho-chi-minh-city.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_hue",
      "fromTitle": "顺化",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hue.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
      "fromTitle": "芽庄",
      "fromUrl": "/nl/places/vn-nha-trang.html",
      "fromType": "place"
    }
  ],
  "relationGroups": [
    {
      "type": "same_area",
      "label": "同区域地点",
      "hubId": "place_vietnam_country",
      "hubTitle": "越南",
      "hubUrl": "/nl/places/vietnam.html",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_da_nang_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "targetTitle": "岘港",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-da-nang.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hanoi_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hanoi",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hanoi",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hanoi",
          "targetTitle": "河内",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hanoi.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hai_phong_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "targetTitle": "海防",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hai-phong.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hcmc_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
          "targetTitle": "胡志明市",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-ho-chi-minh-city.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_can_tho_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "targetTitle": "芹苴",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-can-tho.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_nha_trang_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "庆和省省会城市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
              "sourceId": "wikidata"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "targetTitle": "芽庄",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-nha-trang.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hue_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hue",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "越南中部城市／中央直辖市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
              "sourceId": "wikidata"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hue",
          "targetTitle": "顺化",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hue.html",
          "incoming": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "located_in",
      "label": "Contains places",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hanoi_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hanoi",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hanoi",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hanoi",
          "targetTitle": "河内",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hanoi.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hcmc_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_ho_chi_minh_city",
          "targetTitle": "胡志明市",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-ho-chi-minh-city.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_da_nang_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_da_nang",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_da_nang",
          "targetTitle": "岘港",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-da-nang.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hai_phong_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hai_phong",
          "targetTitle": "海防",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hai-phong.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_can_tho_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_can_tho",
              "sourceId": "zhwiki"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_can_tho",
          "targetTitle": "芹苴",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-can-tho.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_hue_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_hue",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "越南中部城市／中央直辖市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_hue",
              "sourceId": "wikidata"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_hue",
          "targetTitle": "顺化",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-hue.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_vn_nha_trang_located_in_vietnam",
          "fromId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "relationType": "located_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "庆和省省会城市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
              "sourceId": "geonames"
            },
            {
              "entityId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
              "sourceId": "wikidata"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Contains places",
          "targetId": "place_vn_nha_trang",
          "targetTitle": "芽庄",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/places/vn-nha-trang.html",
          "incoming": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "headquartered_in",
      "label": "Organizations here",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "rel_gdvn_hq_vietnam",
          "fromId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
          "relationType": "headquartered_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "总部仅记越南，未写具体城市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
              "sourceId": "s1"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Organizations here",
          "targetId": "organization_vietnam_education_publishing",
          "targetTitle": "Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/organizations/vietnam-education-publishing.html",
          "incoming": true
        },
        {
          "id": "rel_qdnd_hq_vietnam",
          "fromId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
          "relationType": "headquartered_in",
          "toId": "place_vietnam_country",
          "note": "总部仅记越南，未写具体城市",
          "sourceRefs": [
            {
              "entityId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
              "sourceId": "s1"
            }
          ],
          "label": "Organizations here",
          "targetId": "organization_qdnd_publishing",
          "targetTitle": "Nhà xuất bản Quân đội nhân dân",
          "targetUrl": "/nl/organizations/qdnd-publishing.html",
          "incoming": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "nl",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "place_kind",
      "label": "Place kind",
      "value": "Country"
    },
    {
      "key": "coordinates",
      "label": "Coordinates",
      "value": "16.16667, 107.83333"
    },
    {
      "key": "location_note",
      "label": "Location note",
      "value": "GeoNames 国家代表点（GeonameId 1562822）"
    }
  ],
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "pageSize": 50,
    "total": 9,
    "pageCount": 1
  },
  "relationsTotal": 9,
  "mentionsTotal": 7
}