{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "刘鹗", "description": "刘鹗（1857年—1909年8月23日），清朝人物。", "url": "/pt/people/liu-e.html", "entity": { "id": "person_cn_q702301", "type": "person", "title": "刘鹗", "slug": "liu-e", "aliases": [ "Liu E" ], "previousSlugs": [ "liu-e-q702301" ], "summary": "刘鹗（1857年—1909年8月23日），清朝人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q702301", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702301" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "刘鹗（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%98%E9%B9%97" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:16:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## 生平\n\n刘鹗（1857年—1909年），字铁云，祖籍江苏丹徒，幼年随父移居淮安。青年时不走科举正途，广泛研习水利、算学、医学、金石、天文、音律、训诂等学问，1880年师从太谷学派李广昕。他曾开烟草店、行医、与人合开石昌书局，都以失败告终。1887年，刘鹗投东河总督吴大澂，任河图局提调官，历时三年编成《豫直鲁三省黄河图》五册；此后赴山西开采煤矿，陆续兴办实业。1900年八国联军攻入北京，他从俄军处贱价购入太仓粮转卖赈济饥民，反被劾“私售仓粟”；1908年又因在浦口购地被构陷，与袁世凯的旧怨也牵连其中，被发配新疆迪化，次年因脑溢血病逝，归葬淮安。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n刘鹗的长篇小说《老残游记》是晚清四大谴责小说之一，深刻描摹晚清时弊，描写技法受到胡适盛赞。他向王懿荣后人购藏大量殷商甲骨，编成《铁云藏龟》，是第一部甲骨文著录书，为后来的甲骨文研究奠定基础。他在水利、数学方面也多有著述，如《治河七说》《治河续说》《历代黄河变迁图考》《勾股天元草》等。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：清朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：[[place_cn_321112|丹徒区]][^wikidata]\n\n## 著作\n\n- [[work_cn_q2424209|《老残游记》]]", "url": "/people/liu-e.html", "lang": "pt", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 1857, "display": "1857年" }, "death": { "year": 1909, "month": 8, "day": 23, "display": "1909年8月23日" }, "occupations": [ "作家", "诗人", "政治人物", "企业家" ], "nativePlace": "丹徒区", "personCategory": "历史人物" }, "entities": null, "tags": [ { "id": "tag-ancient-china", "slug": "ancient-china", "name": "China antiga", "description": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.", "names": { "ar": "الصين القديمة", "de": "Das alte China", "en": "Ancient China", "es": "China antigua", "fr": "Chine ancienne", "hi": "प्राचीन चीन", "id": "Tiongkok kuno", "it": "Cina antica", "ja": "中国古代", "ko": "중국 고대", "ms": "China purba", "nl": "Het oude China", "pt": "China antiga", "ru": "Древний Китай", "th": "จีนโบราณ", "tr": "Antik Çin", "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại", "zh": "中国古代", "zh-hant": "中國古代" }, "descriptions": { "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.", "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.", "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.", "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.", "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.", "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।", "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.", "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.", "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。", "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.", "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.", "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.", "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.", "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.", "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง", "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.", "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.", "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。", "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。" }, "count": 1084 } ], "relations": [ { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q702301", "fromId": "person_cn_q702301", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_cn_321112", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q702301", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born in", "targetId": "place_cn_321112", "targetTitle": "丹徒区", "targetUrl": "/pt/places/dantu.html", "incoming": false }, { "id": "relation_cnworks_by_q2424209_q702301", "fromId": "work_cn_q2424209", "relationType": "created_by", "toId": "person_cn_q702301", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_cn_q2424209", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Created works", "targetId": "work_cn_q2424209", "targetTitle": "老残游记", "targetUrl": "/pt/works/travels-lao-can.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "rel_702301_born_in_1165083", "fromId": "person_cn_q702301", "relationType": "born_in", "toId": "place_cn_321112", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "person_cn_q702301", "sourceId": "wikidata" } ], "label": "Born in", "targetId": 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