{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "Пекин · Связи", "description": "Пекин — столица Китайской Народной Республики, город центрального подчинения, код административного деления — 110000; также важное место событий Движения 4 мая и развития современной науки.", "url": "/ru/places/beijing/relation-6.html", "entity": { "id": "place_beijing", "type": "place", "title": "Пекин", "slug": "beijing", "aliases": [ "北京", "Beijing", "Peking", "北平" ], "summary": "Пекин — столица Китайской Народной Республики, город центрального подчинения, код административного деления — 110000; также важное место событий Движения 4 мая и развития современной науки.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-geography", "category-china-admin-divisions" ], "tags": [ "tag-modern-china", "tag-education", "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "北京市（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/北京市", "locator": "信息框" }, { "id": "mca2023", "title": "2023年中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码（民政部）", "url": "https://www.mca.gov.cn/mzsj/xzqh/2023/202301xzqh.html", "locator": "代码 110000 北京市" }, { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q956", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956" }, { "id": "baidu", "title": "北京市（百度百科）", "url": "https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82/126069", "locator": "基本信息" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T12:20:54+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-30T00:51:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 15, "body": "## Административное деление\n\nПекин — административная единица провинциального уровня Китайской Народной Республики (город центрального подчинения)[^mca2023]. В его состав входят 16 районов[^mca2023]: [[place_cn_110101|Дунчэн]], [[place_cn_110102|Сичэн]], [[place_cn_110105|Чаоян]], [[place_cn_110106|Фэнтай]], [[place_cn_110107|Шицзиншань]], [[place_cn_110108|Хайдянь]], [[place_cn_110109|Мэньтоугоу]], [[place_cn_110111|Фаншань]], [[place_cn_110112|Тунчжоу]], [[place_cn_110113|Шуньи]], [[place_cn_110114|Чанпин]], [[place_cn_110115|Дасин]], [[place_cn_110116|Хуайжоу]], [[place_cn_110117|Пингу]], [[place_cn_110118|Миюнь]], [[place_cn_110119|Яньцин]].\n\n## Основная информация\n\n- Код административного деления: 110000[^mca2023]\n- Площадь: 16 410,54 км²[^zhwiki]\n- Постоянное население: 21,80 млн человек (на конец 2025 года)[^baidu]\n- Валовой региональный продукт: 5 207,34 млрд юаней (2025 год)[^baidu]; на душу населения — около 239 тыс. юаней (2025 год)[^zhwiki]\n- Местонахождение правительства: район Тунчжоу, улица Юньхэ Дунцзе, 57[^baidu]\n- Телефонный код: 010; почтовый индекс: 100000[^baidu]\n- ISO 3166-2: CN-BJ[^zhwiki]\n- Коды автомобильных номеров: 京A—京Q, 京Y[^baidu]\n- Климат: тёплый умеренный полувлажный и полузасушливый муссонный климат[^baidu]\n- Часовой пояс: пекинское время (UTC+8)[^zhwiki]\n- Цветы города: китайская роза и хризантема; деревья города: туя восточная и софора японская[^zhwiki]\n\n## Исторические названия и этапы\n\n- 1368 год: смена названия с Даду эпохи Юань[^wikidata].\n- С 1421 года назывался «Пекин» (Бэйцзин), до 7 июня 1928 года[^wikidata].\n- С 8 июня 1928 года по 28 июля 1937 года: назывался «Бэйпин»[^wikidata].\n- С 29 июля 1937 года по 2 сентября 1945 года: назывался «Пекин» (Бэйцзин)[^wikidata].\n- С 3 сентября 1945 года по 30 сентября 1949 года: назывался «Бэйпин»[^wikidata].\n- С 1 октября 1949 года: называется «Пекин» (Бэйцзин)[^wikidata].\n\n## Наука и общественная жизнь\n\n[[organization_pku|Пекинский университет]] расположен в Пекине. [[event_mayfourth|Движение 4 мая]] 1919 года началось с демонстраций пекинских студентов.\n\n## Маршруты чтения\n\nОбзор этой демонстрационной библиотеки можно вести по трём направлениям: университеты, события и связанные с ними личности.", "url": "/places/beijing.html", "lang": "ru", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en", "id", "ru" ], "placeKind": "直辖市", "coordinates": { "latitude": 39.9042, "longitude": 116.4074 }, "locationNote": "Северный Китай; современная территория города не полностью совпадает с территорией исторической столицы.", "adminArea": "Китайская Народная Республика · Пекин", "established": { "year": 1421, "qualifier": "约", "display": "ок. 1421 года (переезд столицы при императоре Чэн-цзу династии Мин)" } }, "entities": null, "relations": [ { "id": "relation_api_b9aec55228cf550531a52dee", "fromId": "place_beijing_xiaopanggezhuang_bridge", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_beijing_xiaopanggezhuang_bridge", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Contains places", "targetId": "place_beijing_xiaopanggezhuang_bridge", "targetTitle": "小庞各庄桥", "targetUrl": "/ru/places/beijing-xiaopanggezhuang-bridge.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_b9f4e91e72940ce79d83f20d", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72564", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72564", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72564", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于发布本市第十六阶段控制大气污染措施的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-government-notice-2010.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_bb5ae0e89630206d3891bd9f", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_60039", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_60039", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": 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"place_beijing_east_sixth_ring_road", "targetTitle": "东六环", "targetUrl": "/ru/places/beijing-east-sixth-ring-road.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_bfb64e768610ec58f4550ee9", "fromId": "work_jingjinji_holiday_traffic_notice_743916438", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_jingjinji_holiday_traffic_notice_743916438", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_jingjinji_holiday_traffic_notice_743916438", "targetTitle": "关于2026年春节假日期间京津冀地区高速公路 禁止危险物品运输车辆通行的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/jingjinji-holiday-traffic-notice-spring-festival-2026.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c1977fcb691c801495749075", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_4832215", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_4832215", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_government_notice_4832215", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于密云区密云水库下游潮河防灾减灾能力提升工程占地范围禁止新增建设项目和迁入人口的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-government-notice-2026-08.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c298e1166df69c8e9118312b", "fromId": "work_beijing_water_notice_4913520", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_water_notice_4913520", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_water_notice_4913520", "targetTitle": "北京市雨水情监测预报三道防线项目（项目管理）采购公告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-water-notice-2026-10-21-sandaofangxian-guanli.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c360ec73eb835bb5cdd8d2e5", "fromId": "work_beijing_culture_guide_promotion_4853229", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_culture_guide_promotion_4853229", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_culture_guide_promotion_4853229", "targetTitle": "北京市文化和旅游局关于初级导游张长春申请通过激励晋升方式晋升为中级导游的公示", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-culture-guide-promotion.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c44d6c34a668f6ff9388d53c", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_61549", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_61549", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_government_notice_61549", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于在本市部分区域试鸣防空警报的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-air-raid-siren-test-notice-2018-21.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c4e440eb165c784a3266bf44", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72347", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72347", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": 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"work_beijing_government_notice_411908", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于在本市部分区域试鸣防空警报的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-government-notice-2019-14.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c6f1df911a888c10b7769caf", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72597", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72597", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_government_notice_72597", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于进一步完善错时上下班措施的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-government-notice-2010-06.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c70218fbf7afabe8456a64e6", "fromId": "work_beijing_martial_law_joint_notice_1989_8", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_martial_law_joint_notice_1989_8", "sourceId": "chronicle" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_martial_law_joint_notice_1989_8", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府、戒严部队指挥部紧急通告（1989年第8号）", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-martial-law-joint-notice-1989-8.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c7cf33efb1e6da9db65be8d8", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_3866305", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_3866305", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": "work_beijing_government_notice_3866305", "targetTitle": "北京市人民政府关于在本市部分区域试鸣防空警报的通告", "targetUrl": "/ru/works/beijing-government-notice-2024-09.html", "incoming": true }, { "id": "relation_api_c7f016a26e7fe45278c07085", "fromId": "work_beijing_government_notice_412775", "relationType": "announcement_about", "toId": "place_beijing", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "work_beijing_government_notice_412775", "sourceId": "official" } ], "label": "Related announcements", "targetId": 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