{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "巴西航空运输业 · ความสัมพันธ์",
  "description": "巴西为拉美最大航空市场，2025 年旅客吞吐 1.296 亿人次创新高，LATAM Brasil/GOL/Azul 三足鼎立，均刚经历 Chapter 11 重整。",
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    "id": "concept_br_aviation",
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    "title": "巴西航空运输业",
    "slug": "brazil-aviation",
    "summary": "巴西为拉美最大航空市场，2025 年旅客吞吐 1.296 亿人次创新高，LATAM Brasil/GOL/Azul 三足鼎立，均刚经历 Chapter 11 重整。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-transit"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-tag-air",
      "tag-tag-aviation"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "ewiki_2398302173",
        "title": "Aviation in Brazil — Wikipedia",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_in_Brazil",
        "locator": "English Wikipedia, accessed 2026-10-31"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-31T14:22:55+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-31T14:22:55+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 1,
    "body": "## 概况\n\n巴西是拉丁美洲最大的航空市场，2025 年国内与国际旅客运输量达创纪录的 1.296 亿人次（ANAC 数据，同比 +9.4%）。市场呈三足鼎立格局：LATAM Brasil（约 38% 国内份额）、GOL（约 33%）、Azul（约 29%），三家均在 2020 年代完成美国 Chapter 11 破产重整——LATAM 2022 年率先出清，GOL 2025 年年中出清（现由 Abra 集团控股 80%），Azul 2026 年 3 月出清（获联合航空与美航投资）。\n\n## 格局要点\n\n- **枢纽体系**：圣保罗瓜鲁柳斯（GRU）为最大国际门户，里约加莱昂（GIG）、巴西利亚（BSB）为次级枢纽；孔戈尼亚斯（CGH）为市区机场\n- **飞机制造**：巴西航空工业公司（Embraer）为全球第三大民机制造商，E-Jets 支线机广泛用于国内中低密度航线\n- **Abra 集团**：GOL 与哥伦比亚 Avianca 的控股公司，2026 年计划 IPO，机队规划 246 架\n- **低成本化**：三大航均已向成本领先模式靠拢，支线由 ATR/E-Jets 填补二线城市\n\n## 相关条目\n\nLATAM Brasil、GOL、Azul（见站内相应条目）",
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    "lang": "th",
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      "zh"
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  "mentions": [
    {
      "fromId": "concept_brazil_intercity_bus",
      "fromTitle": "巴西城际巴士",
      "fromUrl": "/th/concepts/brazil-intercity-bus.html",
      "fromType": "concept"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "organization_azul",
      "fromTitle": "Azul 航空",
      "fromUrl": "/th/organizations/azul-linhas-aereas.html",
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    },
    {
      "fromId": "organization_gol",
      "fromTitle": "GOL 航空",
      "fromUrl": "/th/organizations/gol-linhas-aereas.html",
      "fromType": "organization"
    },
    {
      "fromId": "organization_latam_brasil",
      "fromTitle": "LATAM Brasil（拉塔姆巴西航空）",
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  ],
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      "value": "อื่น ๆ"
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