{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "杜牧",
  "description": "杜牧（803年—852年），唐朝人物。",
  "url": "/th/people/du-mu.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "person_cn_q334095",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "杜牧",
    "slug": "du-mu",
    "aliases": [
      "Du Mu"
    ],
    "previousSlugs": [
      "du-mu-q334095"
    ],
    "summary": "杜牧（803年—852年），唐朝人物。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-history",
      "category-people",
      "category-historical-figures"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-ancient-china"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "wikidata",
        "title": "Wikidata Q334095",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334095"
      },
      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "杜牧（维基百科）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E7%89%A7"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:11:33+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 6,
    "body": "## 生平\n\n杜牧（803年—852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，出身名门京兆杜氏，西晋杜预之后；祖父杜佑历任唐德宗、顺宗、宪宗三朝宰相，著有政书《通典》。[^zhwiki]杜牧二十余岁即以《阿房宫赋》成名，大和二年（828年）进士及第，又登制科，授弘文馆校书郎，此后历仕江西、宣歙观察使幕府，又入淮南节度使牛僧孺幕任掌书记，在扬州数年，留下不少风流诗篇。[^zhwiki]开成初年他入朝为监察御史，后因弟弟杜顗眼疾一度离职照料，又历任宣州团练判官、左补阙、史馆修撰等职；因与宰相李德裕不合，自842年起外放黄州、池州、睦州三州刺史，前后约七年。李德裕去世后他回朝任员外郎，又自请外任湖州刺史一年，归朝后任考功郎中兼知制诰，迁中书舍人，大中六年（852年）病逝于长安，年五十岁，身后文集由外甥裴延翰整理为《樊川文集》。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n杜牧是晚唐重要的诗人与散文家，与李商隐齐名，后人仿“李杜”之称，合称二人“小李杜”，又称杜牧为“小杜”以别于杜甫。[^zhwiki]其诗以七言绝句成就最高，风格俊爽豪宕：咏史怀古如《赤壁》《泊秦淮》《过华清宫》《题乌江亭》，借古讽今、多出翻案之论，对后世咏史诗影响深远；《清明》《江南春》《赠别》等则清新流丽，脍炙人口。[^zhwiki]辞赋散文方面，《阿房宫赋》借秦始皇穷奢极侈、阿房宫覆亡讽谏当朝大兴土木，被视为后世“文赋”的先驱；其散文叙事曲折有致，带有传奇色彩。[^zhwiki]政论上，他有经世安邦之志，主张恢复府兵制、提倡士人习兵与“出将入相”传统，并为《孙子兵法》作注，是晚唐少见的兼通文学与兵略的士大夫。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：唐朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：长安[^wikidata]",
    "url": "/people/du-mu.html",
    "lang": "th",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh",
      "en"
    ],
    "birth": {
      "year": 803,
      "display": "803年"
    },
    "death": {
      "year": 852,
      "display": "852年"
    },
    "occupations": [
      "作家",
      "诗人",
      "书法家"
    ],
    "nativePlace": "长安",
    "personCategory": "历史人物"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "จีนโบราณ",
      "description": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1086
    }
  ],
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    {
      "id": "rel_334095_born_in_6501000",
      "fromId": "person_cn_q334095",
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "toId": "place_hist_q6501000",
      "sourceRefs": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_cn_q334095",
          "sourceId": "wikidata"
        }
      ],
      "label": "Born in",
      "targetId": "place_hist_q6501000",
      "targetTitle": "长安",
      "targetUrl": "/th/places/changan.html",
      "incoming": false
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 6,
      "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:11:33+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/th/people/du-mu/at/6.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "th",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh",
    "en"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "birth_date",
      "label": "Birth",
      "value": "803年"
    },
    {
      "key": "death_date",
      "label": "Death",
      "value": "852年"
    },
    {
      "key": "native_place",
      "label": "Native place",
      "value": "长安"
    },
    {
      "key": "person_category",
      "label": "Person category",
      "value": "历史人物"
    },
    {
      "key": "occupations",
      "label": "Occupations",
      "value": "作家, 诗人, 书法家"
    }
  ],
  "relationsTotal": 1,
  "relationCounts": [
    {
      "relationType": "born_in",
      "incoming": false,
      "label": "Born in",
      "total": 1
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  ]
}