{
  "contentStorage": "postgres",
  "title": "高拱",
  "description": "高拱（1513—1578年），字肃卿，号中玄，河南新郑人，明代嘉靖、隆庆、万历三朝政治家，隆庆年间任内阁首辅，万历初年被罢，由张居正接任。",
  "url": "/th/people/gao-gong.html",
  "entity": {
    "id": "person_gao_gong",
    "type": "person",
    "title": "高拱",
    "slug": "gao-gong",
    "aliases": [
      "高新郑"
    ],
    "summary": "高拱（1513—1578年），字肃卿，号中玄，河南新郑人，明代嘉靖、隆庆、万历三朝政治家，隆庆年间任内阁首辅，万历初年被罢，由张居正接任。",
    "status": "published",
    "categories": [
      "category-history",
      "category-people",
      "category-historical-figures"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "tag-ancient-china"
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "s1",
        "title": "《明史》卷二十（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B720",
        "locator": "本纪第二十·神宗一"
      },
      {
        "id": "s2",
        "title": "Gao Gong（Wikipedia）",
        "url": "https://ipfs.ssi.eecc.de/ipns/en.wikipedia-on-ipfs.org/wiki/Gao_Gong"
      },
      {
        "id": "s3",
        "title": "高拱政治作为研究论文（华艺线上图书馆）",
        "url": "https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail/U0031-1903201314432149"
      },
      {
        "id": "s4",
        "title": "《病榻遗言》与高新郑政治权谋",
        "author": "赵毅",
        "date": "2016",
        "url": "https://yzwmyjy.nenu.edu.cn/info/1305/2091.htm"
      },
      {
        "id": "s5",
        "title": "《明史》卷二百一十九（维基文库）",
        "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7219",
        "locator": "张四维传"
      },
      {
        "id": "s6",
        "title": "新郑播报：亭旨胡同与鉴忠堂（郑州晚报）",
        "date": "2014-11-07",
        "url": "https://zzwb.zynews.cn/page/2/2014-11/07/X08/20141107X08_pdf.PDF"
      }
    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-11-04T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-04T23:49:30+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 1,
    "body": "**高拱**（1513—1578年）是明代嘉靖、隆庆、万历三朝的政治家，字肃卿，号中玄，隆庆年间任内阁首辅，因籍贯人称“高新郑”[^s2][^s4]。\n\n## 生平\n\n高拱是河南新郑人，嘉靖二十年（1541年）中进士，入翰林院任职[^s2]。嘉靖三十一年（1552年）起，他任裕王讲官前后九年，深得后来的[[person_cn_q10059|隆庆帝]]信任；此后历任礼部侍郎、吏部侍郎、礼部尚书[^s2]。\n\n隆庆年间，高拱以内阁大学士兼管吏部事务[^s3]。他因与首辅徐阶政见不合，一度称病归家，朝中大事隆庆帝仍向他咨询[^s6]。隆庆三年（1569年），[[person_zhang_juzheng|张居正]]上奏请求起用高拱，他得以复出[^s3]。隆庆五年（1571年）起，他任内阁首辅[^s2]。\n\n隆庆六年（1572年）五月隆庆帝去世，六月[[person_cn_q10061|万历帝]]即位，高拱同月被罢，由张居正接任首辅[^s1][^s2]。万历六年（1578年）七月，高拱在家乡去世[^s2]。\n\n## 主要成就\n\n高拱办事注重实际，不墨守成规，在吏治、筹边、行政等方面多有建树[^s3]。俺答封贡的议论兴起后，朝中久议不决，张四维与高拱联络，封贡之事得以达成[^s5]。\n\n他罢归后著有政治回忆录《病榻遗言》[^s4]。\n\n## 影响\n\n《病榻遗言》是高拱与张居正交恶的一面之词，书中指责张居正“附保逐拱”“矫诏顾命”“招权纳财”等，对万历十年（1582年）以后的政局影响很深；书中也有不少与事实不符的说法[^s4]。研究者认为，高拱执政的功绩大于过失，而他为掌握实权清算政敌的形象同样深入人心[^s3]。",
    "url": "/people/gao-gong.html",
    "lang": "th",
    "sourceLang": "zh",
    "fallback": true,
    "availableLangs": [
      "zh"
    ],
    "birth": {
      "year": 1513,
      "precision": "year",
      "display": "1513年（正德七年十二月十三日）"
    },
    "death": {
      "year": 1578,
      "precision": "year",
      "display": "1578年（万历六年七月初二日）"
    },
    "occupations": [
      "政治家",
      "内阁首辅"
    ],
    "nativePlace": "河南新郑",
    "isFictional": false,
    "personCategory": "政治人物"
  },
  "entities": null,
  "tags": [
    {
      "id": "tag-ancient-china",
      "slug": "ancient-china",
      "name": "จีนโบราณ",
      "description": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
      "names": {
        "ar": "الصين القديمة",
        "de": "Das alte China",
        "en": "Ancient China",
        "es": "China antigua",
        "fr": "Chine ancienne",
        "hi": "प्राचीन चीन",
        "id": "Tiongkok kuno",
        "it": "Cina antica",
        "ja": "中国古代",
        "ko": "중국 고대",
        "ms": "China purba",
        "nl": "Het oude China",
        "pt": "China antiga",
        "ru": "Древний Китай",
        "th": "จีนโบราณ",
        "tr": "Antik Çin",
        "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại",
        "zh": "中国古代",
        "zh-hant": "中國古代"
      },
      "descriptions": {
        "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.",
        "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.",
        "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.",
        "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.",
        "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.",
        "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।",
        "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.",
        "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。",
        "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.",
        "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.",
        "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.",
        "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.",
        "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.",
        "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง",
        "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.",
        "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.",
        "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。",
        "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。"
      },
      "count": 1097
    }
  ],
  "versions": [
    {
      "revision": 1,
      "updatedAt": "2026-11-04T23:49:30+08:00",
      "message": "当前版本",
      "hasSnapshot": true,
      "url": "/th/people/gao-gong/at/1.html"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "th",
  "availableLangs": [
    "zh"
  ],
  "fallback": true,
  "infoFields": [
    {
      "key": "birth_date",
      "label": "Birth",
      "value": "1513年（正德七年十二月十三日）"
    },
    {
      "key": "death_date",
      "label": "Death",
      "value": "1578年（万历六年七月初二日）"
    },
    {
      "key": "native_place",
      "label": "Native place",
      "value": "河南新郑"
    },
    {
      "key": "is_fictional",
      "label": "Fictional",
      "value": "no"
    },
    {
      "key": "person_category",
      "label": "Person category",
      "value": "政治人物"
    },
    {
      "key": "occupations",
      "label": "Occupations",
      "value": "政治家, 内阁首辅"
    }
  ]
}