{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "吴敬梓", "description": "吴敬梓（1701年—1754年1月11日），清朝人物。", "url": "/th/people/wu-jingzi.html", "entity": { "id": "person_cn_q699365", "type": "person", "title": "吴敬梓", "slug": "wu-jingzi", "aliases": [ "Wu Jingzi" ], "previousSlugs": [ "wu-jingzi-q699365" ], "summary": "吴敬梓（1701年—1754年1月11日），清朝人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q699365", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q699365" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "吴敬梓（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E6%95%AC%E6%A2%93" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:16:20+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## 生平\n\n吴敬梓（1701年—1754年），字敏轩，号粒民，安徽全椒人，出身科第世家，曾祖吴国对为顺治年间探花。他十八岁考中秀才，此后科场不顺；父亲去世后，因性情豁达、急朋友之急而耗散家产，又遭族人夺产，家道中落。雍正十一年（1733年）移居江宁（今南京）秦淮河畔。乾隆元年（1736年）被荐应博学鸿词科，以病辞谢不赴。晚年生活困顿，靠卖文和朋友接济度日，乾隆十九年（1754年）客死扬州。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n吴敬梓耗费近二十年写成《儒林外史》，以写实笔法刻画科举制度下读书人的群像，揭露科举与礼教之弊，被誉为中国古典讽刺小说的典范。他还具有超前于时代的妇女观，如赞同寡妇再嫁、鼓励受压迫的妇女反抗。另有诗文集《文木山房集》传世。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：清朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：[[place_cn_341124|全椒县]][^wikidata]\n\n## 著作\n\n- [[work_cn_q1218689|《儒林外史》]]", "url": "/people/wu-jingzi.html", "lang": "th", "fallback": true, "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 1701, "display": "1701年" }, "death": { "year": 1754, "month": 1, "day": 11, "display": "1754年1月11日" }, "occupations": [ "作家", "诗人", "散文家" ], "nativePlace": "全椒县", "personCategory": "历史人物" }, "entities": null, "tags": [ { "id": "tag-ancient-china", "slug": "ancient-china", "name": "จีนโบราณ", "description": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง", "names": { "ar": "الصين القديمة", "de": "Das alte China", "en": "Ancient China", "es": "China antigua", "fr": "Chine ancienne", "hi": "प्राचीन चीन", "id": "Tiongkok kuno", "it": "Cina antica", "ja": "中国古代", "ko": "중국 고대", "ms": "China purba", "nl": "Het oude China", "pt": "China antiga", "ru": "Древний Китай", "th": "จีนโบราณ", "tr": "Antik Çin", "vi": "Trung Quốc cổ đại", "zh": "中国古代", "zh-hant": "中國古代" }, "descriptions": { "ar": "التاريخ والشخصيات والتقسيمات الإدارية من عصر ما قبل تشين إلى أسرة تشينغ.", "de": "Geschichte, Personen und Verwaltungsgliederung von der Zeit vor Qin bis zur Qing-Dynastie.", "en": "History, people and administrative divisions from the pre-Qin era to the Qing dynasty.", "es": "Historia, personajes y divisiones administrativas desde la era pre-Qin hasta la dinastía Qing.", "fr": "Histoire, personnages et divisions administratives de l'époque pré-Qin à la dynastie Qing.", "hi": "चिन-पूर्व काल से चिंग राजवंश तक का इतिहास, व्यक्ति और प्रशासनिक विभाजन।", "id": "Sejarah, tokoh, dan pembagian administratif dari era pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.", "it": "Storia, personaggi e divisioni amministrative dall'epoca pre-Qin alla dinastia Qing.", "ja": "先秦から清代までの歴史・人物・行政区画。", "ko": "先秦부터 청대까지의 역사·인물·행정 구역.", "ms": "Sejarah, tokoh dan bahagian pentadbiran dari zaman pra-Qin hingga Dinasti Qing.", "nl": "Geschiedenis, personen en bestuurlijke indeling van de pre-Qin-periode tot de Qing-dynastie.", "pt": "História, personagens e divisões administrativas da era pré-Qin até à dinastia Qing.", "ru": "История, персоналии и административное деление от доциньской эпохи до династии Цин.", "th": "ประวัติศาสตร์ บุคคล และเขตการปกครองตั้งแต่ยุคก่อนฉินจนถึงราชวงศ์ชิง", "tr": "Qin öncesi dönemden Qing hanedanına kadar tarih, kişiler ve idari bölümler.", "vi": "Lịch sử, nhân vật và đơn vị hành chính từ thời Tiền Tần đến nhà Thanh.", "zh": "先秦至清代的历史、人物与政区。", "zh-hant": "先秦至清代的歷史、人物與政區。" }, "count": 1097 } ], "relations": [ { "id": "relation_cnpeople_born_q699365", "fromId": "person_cn_q699365", 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"work_cn_q1218689", "fromTitle": "儒林外史", "fromUrl": "/th/works/scholars.html", "fromType": "work" } ], "versions": [ { "revision": 6, "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:16:20+08:00", "message": "当前版本", "hasSnapshot": true, "url": "/th/people/wu-jingzi/at/6.html" } ], "lang": "th", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "fallback": true, "infoFields": [ { "key": "birth_date", "label": "Birth", "value": "1701年" }, { "key": "death_date", "label": "Death", "value": "1754年1月11日" }, { "key": "native_place", "label": "Native place", "value": "全椒县" }, { "key": "person_category", "label": "Person category", "value": "历史人物" }, { "key": "occupations", "label": "Occupations", "value": "作家, 诗人, 散文家" } ], "relationsTotal": 3, "relationCounts": [ { "relationType": "born_in", "incoming": false, "label": "Born in", "total": 2 }, { "relationType": "created_by", "incoming": true, "label": "Created works", "total": 1 } ], "mentionsTotal": 1 }