--- { "aliases": [ "Nobel Prize 1980", "1980诺贝尔奖" ], "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "categories": [ "category-awards" ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00", "fallback": true, "id": "work_nobel_prize_1980", "lang": "th", "language": "中文", "published": { "precision": "year", "year": 1980 }, "rankingColumns": [ { "key": "motivation", "label": "获奖理由" }, { "key": "affiliation", "label": "获奖时所属机构" } ], "rankingEntries": [ { "entityId": "person_nobel_116", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "University of Chicago" } ], "name": "詹姆斯·克罗宁", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_117", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Princeton University" } ], "name": "瓦尔·菲奇", "sourceId": "s1", "tier": "physics" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_254", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Stanford University" } ], "name": "保罗·伯格", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_255", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Harvard University, Biological Laboratories" } ], "name": "沃特·吉尔伯特", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_222", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology" } ], "name": "弗雷德里克·桑格", "sourceId": "s2", "tier": "chemistry" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_419", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Harvard Medical School" } ], "name": "巴茹·贝纳塞拉夫", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_420", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Université de Paris, Laboratoire Immuno-Hématologie" } ], "name": "让·多塞", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_421", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "Jackson Laboratory" } ], "name": "乔治·斯内尔", "sourceId": "s3", "tier": "medicine" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_657", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts" } ], "name": "切斯瓦夫·米沃什", "sourceId": "s4", "tier": "literature" }, { "entityId": "person_nobel_694", "meta": [ { "key": "motivation", "value": "for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies" }, { "key": "affiliation", "value": "University of Pennsylvania" } ], "name": "劳伦斯·克莱因", "sourceId": "s5", "tier": "economics" } ], "rankingTiers": [ { "id": "physics", "label": "诺贝尔物理学奖" }, { "id": "chemistry", "label": "诺贝尔化学奖" }, { "id": "medicine", "label": "诺贝尔生理学或医学奖" }, { "id": "literature", "label": "诺贝尔文学奖" }, { "id": "economics", "label": "瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖" } ], "revision": 4, "slug": "nobel-prize-1980", "sources": [ { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s1", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1980/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s3", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s4", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1980/summary/" }, { "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "id": "s5", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1980", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1980/summary/" } ], "status": "published", "summary": "1980 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、10 位得主，获奖名单在 1980-10-09 至 1980-10-15 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。", "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "title": "1980 年诺贝尔奖", "type": "work", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T03:31:17+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "workKind": "ranking_list" } --- # 1980 年诺贝尔奖 1980 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、10 位得主，获奖名单在 1980-10-09 至 1980-10-15 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。 **1980 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1980-10-09 至 1980-10-15 陆续公布[^s1]。 ## 本年度获奖情况 | 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 | | --- | --- | ---: | | 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1980-10-14 | 2 | | 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1980-10-14 | 3 | | 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1980-10-10 | 3 | | 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1980-10-09 | 1 | | 瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 | 1980-10-15 | 1 | 得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。 ## 参见 [诺贝尔奖](/th/concepts/nobel-prize.html)、[诺贝尔基金会](/th/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) 更新时间：2026-11-01 ## 标签 ## 关系 - Published by：[诺贝尔基金会](/th/organizations/nobel-foundation.html) - Previous edition：[1979 年诺贝尔奖](/th/works/nobel-prize-1979.html) - Next edition：[1981 年诺贝尔奖](/th/works/nobel-prize-1981.html) 第 1 / 1 页，共 3 条。 ## 正文反向链接 - [詹姆斯·克罗宁](/th/people/james-cronin.html) - [瓦尔·菲奇](/th/people/val-fitch.html) - [弗雷德里克·桑格](/th/people/frederick-sanger.html) - [保罗·伯格](/th/people/paul-berg.html) - [沃特·吉尔伯特](/th/people/walter-gilbert.html) - [巴茹·贝纳塞拉夫](/th/people/baruj-benacerraf.html) - [让·多塞](/th/people/jean-dausset.html) - [乔治·斯内尔](/th/people/george-d-snell.html) - [切斯瓦夫·米沃什](/th/people/czeslaw-milosz.html) - [劳伦斯·克莱因](/th/people/lawrence-r-klein.html) ## 来源 - The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1980/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1980/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1980/summary/ - The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1980/summary/ - The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1980：https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1980/summary/