{
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  "title": "卫匡国 · İlişkiler",
  "description": "卫匡国（1614年—1661年6月6日），清朝人物。",
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    "title": "卫匡国",
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      "Martino Martini"
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    "summary": "卫匡国（1614年—1661年6月6日），清朝人物。",
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        "title": "Wikidata Q1243676",
        "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243676"
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      {
        "id": "zhwiki",
        "title": "卫匡国（维基百科）",
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    ],
    "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T17:12:20+08:00",
    "updatedBy": "user:admin",
    "revision": 6,
    "body": "## 生平\n\n卫匡国（1614年9月20日—1661年6月6日），原名马提诺·马尔蒂尼（Martino Martini），意大利特伦托人，天主教耶稣会传教士、汉学家，“卫匡国”是他的汉名。[^zhwiki]1643年夏，卫匡国抵达澳门；1650年春到北京，曾觐见顺治帝。同年，他受耶稣会中国传教团委派赴罗马教廷，陈述耶稣会关于中国礼仪之争的见解，并将当时明清战争的记录带往欧洲。1657年4月动身返回中国，同行者还有南怀仁等16名耶稣会传教士；1659年6月抵达杭州。1661年6月6日，卫匡国因霍乱在杭州去世。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 历史成就\n\n卫匡国著有《中国新图志》《中国上古历史》《鞑靼战纪》《中国耶稣会教士纪略》《汉语语法》《逑友篇》等作品，把中国的地理与历史知识系统地介绍到欧洲，是在欧洲掀起中国礼仪问题争论的奠基者之一。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：清朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：特伦托[^wikidata]",
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    "death": {
      "year": 1661,
      "month": 6,
      "day": 6,
      "display": "1661年6月6日"
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      "历史学家",
      "传教士",
      "地理学家"
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      "value": "1614年"
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      "value": "1661年6月6日"
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      "key": "native_place",
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      "value": "特伦托"
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      "value": "历史人物"
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