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          <name>塞西尔·鲍威尔</name>
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              <value>for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method</value>
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              <value>Bristol University</value>
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          <name>奥托·迪尔斯</name>
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              <value>for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis</value>
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              <value>Kiel University</value>
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              <value>for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis</value>
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              <value>Cologne University</value>
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          <name>爱德华·卡尔文·肯德尔</name>
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              <value>for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects</value>
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              <value>Mayo Clinic</value>
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              <value>for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects</value>
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              <value>Basel University</value>
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          <name>菲利普·肖瓦特·亨奇</name>
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              <value>for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Mayo Clinic</value>
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          <name>伯特兰·罗素</name>
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              <value>in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought</value>
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      <title>1950 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1950</alias>
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      <summary>1950 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、7 位得主，获奖名单在 1950-10-26 至 1950-11-10 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1950</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1950/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1950/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1950</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1950/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:29:12+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1950 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1950-10-26 至 1950-11-10 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1950-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1950-11-10 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1950-10-26 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1950-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces</value>
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              <value>for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Zurich</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses</value>
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              <value>for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel</value>
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      <title>1949 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1949</alias>
        <alias>1949诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1949 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1949-10-27 至 1950-11-10 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1949</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1949/summary/</url>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1949/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1949/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1949</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1949/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:29:08+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1949 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1949-10-27 至 1950-11-10 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1949-11-03 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1949-11-03 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1949-10-27 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1950-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation</value>
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              <value>for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods</value>
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              <value>Laboratorium der Farben-Fabriken J.R. Geigy A.G. (Laboratory of the J.R. Geigy Dye-Factory Co.)</value>
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              <value>for his outstanding, pioneer contribution to present-day poetry</value>
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      <title>1948 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1948</alias>
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      <summary>1948 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1948-10-28 至 1948-11-04 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1948</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1948</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1948/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1948</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1948/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1948</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1948/summary/</url>
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      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:29:04+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
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      <body>**1948 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1948-10-28 至 1948-11-04 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1948-11-04 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1948-11-04 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1948-10-28 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1948-11-04 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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          <name>爱德华·阿普尔顿</name>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Department of Scientific and Industrial Research</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>罗伯特·鲁宾逊</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_207</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Oxford</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>卡尔·斐迪南·科里</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_343</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Washington University</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>格蒂·科里</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_344</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Washington University</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>贝尔纳多·奥赛</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_345</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental (Institute for Biology and Experimental Medicine)</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>安德烈·纪德</name>
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          <sourceId>s4</sourceId>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his comprehensive and artistically significant writings, in which human problems and conditions have been presented with a fearless love of truth and keen psychological insight</value>
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      <title>1947 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1947</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1947</alias>
        <alias>1947诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1947 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1947-10-23 至 1947-11-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1947</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1947/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1947/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1947/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1947</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1947/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:29:00+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1947 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1947-10-23 至 1947-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1947-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1947-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1947-10-23 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1947-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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          <label>诺贝尔化学奖</label>
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          <label>诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</label>
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          <name>珀西·布里奇曼</name>
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          <meta>
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              <value>for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Harvard University</value>
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          <name>詹姆斯·B·萨姆纳</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_204</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Cornell University</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>约翰·霍华德·诺思罗普</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_205</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research</value>
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          <name>温德尔·梅雷迪思·斯坦利</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_206</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research</value>
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          <name>赫尔曼·约瑟夫·马勒</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_342</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Indiana University</value>
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          <name>赫尔曼·黑塞</name>
          <tier>literature</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_617</entityId>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his inspired writings which, while growing in boldness and penetration, exemplify the classical humanitarian ideals and high qualities of style</value>
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      <id>work_nobel_prize_1946</id>
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      <title>1946 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1946</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1946</alias>
        <alias>1946诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1946 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1946-10-31 至 1946-11-14 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
      <categories>
        <category>category-awards</category>
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      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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        <source>
          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1946</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1946/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1946/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1946/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1946</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1946/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:57+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1946 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1946-10-31 至 1946-11-14 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1946-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1946-11-14 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1946-10-31 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1946-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1946</year>
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          <meta>
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              <value>for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Princeton University</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>阿尔图里·伊尔马里·维尔塔宁</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_203</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Helsinki</value>
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          <name>亚历山大·弗莱明</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_339</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>London University</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>恩斯特·伯利斯·柴恩</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_340</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Oxford</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>霍华德·弗洛里，弗洛里男爵</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_341</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Oxford</value>
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          <name>加夫列拉·米斯特拉尔</name>
          <tier>literature</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_615</entityId>
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          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world</value>
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      <title>1945 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1945</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1945</alias>
        <alias>1945诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1945 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1945-10-25 至 1945-11-15 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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      <categories>
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      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1945/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1945</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1945/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1945/summary/</url>
        </source>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:53+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1945 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1945-10-25 至 1945-11-15 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1945-11-15 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1945-11-15 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1945-10-25 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1945-11-15 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Columbia University</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck Institut) für Chemie</value>
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          <name>约瑟夫·厄尔兰格</name>
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          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Washington University</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>赫伯特·斯潘塞·加塞</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_338</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>约翰内斯·威廉·延森</name>
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              <value>for the rare strength and fertility of his poetic imagination with which is combined an intellectual curiosity of wide scope and a bold, freshly creative style</value>
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      <title>1944 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1944</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1944</alias>
        <alias>1944诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1944 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1944-10-26 至 1945-11-15 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1944/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1944</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1944/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1944/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1944</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1944/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:49+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1944 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1944-10-26 至 1945-11-15 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1944-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1945-11-15 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1944-10-26 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1944-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1944</year>
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              <value>for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton</value>
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              <value>for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes</value>
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              <value>Stockholm University</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Polytechnic Institute</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K</value>
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              <value>Saint Louis University</value>
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      <title>1943 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1943</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1943</alias>
        <alias>1943诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1943 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1944-10-26 至 1944-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位。</summary>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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        <source>
          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1943/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1943/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1943/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:45+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1943 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1944-10-26 至 1944-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1944-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1944-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1944-10-26 | 2 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1943</year>
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              <value>for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of California</value>
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          <name>阿道夫·布特南特</name>
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              <value>for his work on sex hormones</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Biochemie</value>
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          <name>拉沃斯拉夫·鲁日奇卡</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_200</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)</value>
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          <name>格哈德·多马克</name>
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            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Munster University</value>
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          <name>弗兰斯·埃米尔·西兰帕</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_613</entityId>
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              <value>for his deep understanding of his country&#39;s peasantry and the exquisite art with which he has portrayed their way of life and their relationship with Nature</value>
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      <title>1939 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1939</alias>
        <alias>1939诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1939 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1939-10-26 至 1939-11-10 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1939/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1939/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1939</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1939/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1939</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1939/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:41+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1939 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1939-10-26 至 1939-11-10 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1939-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1939-11-09 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1939-10-26 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1939-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1939</year>
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              <value>for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals</value>
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              <value>for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C</value>
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              <value>for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2</value>
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              <value>for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid</value>
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              <value>for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle &lt;I&gt;Les Thibault&lt;/I&gt;</value>
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      <title>1937 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1937</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1937</alias>
        <alias>1937诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1937 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1937-10-28 至 1937-11-11 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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      <categories>
        <category>category-awards</category>
      </categories>
      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
      </tags>
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        <source>
          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1937/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1937/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1937/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1937</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1937/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:32+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1937 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1937-10-28 至 1937-11-11 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1937-11-11 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1937-11-11 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1937-10-28 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1937-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1937</year>
        <precision>year</precision>
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          <meta></meta>
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          <id>chemistry</id>
          <label>诺贝尔化学奖</label>
          <meta></meta>
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        <tier>
          <id>medicine</id>
          <label>诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</label>
          <meta></meta>
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          <meta>
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              <value>for his discovery of cosmic radiation</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Innsbruck University</value>
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          </meta>
        </entry>
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          <name>卡尔·戴维·安德森</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_43</entityId>
          <sourceId>s1</sourceId>
          <meta>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the positron</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>California Institute of Technology (Caltech)</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>彼得·德拜</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_195</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Berlin University</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>亨利·哈利特·戴尔</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_330</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>National Institute for Medical Research</value>
            </field>
          </meta>
        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>奥托·勒维</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_331</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Graz University</value>
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          <name>尤金·奥尼尔</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_608</entityId>
          <sourceId>s4</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the power, honesty and deep-felt emotions of his dramatic works, which embody an original concept of tragedy</value>
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      <title>1936 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1936</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1936</alias>
        <alias>1936诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1936 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1936-10-29 至 1936-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
      <categories>
        <category>category-awards</category>
      </categories>
      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
      </tags>
      <sources>
        <source>
          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1936</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1936/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1936/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1936/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1936</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1936/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:28+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1936 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1936-10-29 至 1936-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1936-11-12 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1936-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1936-10-29 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1936-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <published>
        <year>1936</year>
        <precision>year</precision>
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      <language>中文</language>
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          <name>詹姆斯·查德威克</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_41</entityId>
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          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the discovery of the neutron</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Liverpool University</value>
            </field>
          </meta>
        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>弗雷德里克·约里奥-居里</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_193</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Institut du Radium</value>
            </field>
          </meta>
        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>伊雷娜·约里奥-居里</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_194</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of their synthesis of new radioactive elements</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Institut du Radium</value>
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        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>汉斯·施佩曼</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_329</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Freiburg im Breisgau</value>
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      <type>work</type>
      <title>1935 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1935</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1935</alias>
        <alias>1935诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1935 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1935-10-24 至 1935-11-14 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
      <categories>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1935</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1935/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1935/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1935</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1935/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:24+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1935 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1935-10-24 至 1935-11-14 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1935-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1935-11-14 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1935-10-24 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <lang>en</lang>
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      <occupations></occupations>
      <workKind>ranking_list</workKind>
      <published>
        <year>1935</year>
        <precision>year</precision>
      </published>
      <language>中文</language>
      <creators></creators>
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      <rankingTiers>
        <tier>
          <id>chemistry</id>
          <label>诺贝尔化学奖</label>
          <meta></meta>
        </tier>
        <tier>
          <id>medicine</id>
          <label>诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</label>
          <meta></meta>
        </tier>
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          <id>literature</id>
          <label>诺贝尔文学奖</label>
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          <name>哈罗德·克莱顿·尤里</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_192</entityId>
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          <meta>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of heavy hydrogen</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Columbia University</value>
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          </meta>
        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>乔治·惠普尔</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_326</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Rochester</value>
            </field>
          </meta>
        </entry>
        <entry>
          <name>乔治·迈诺特</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_327</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia</value>
            </field>
            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Harvard University</value>
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          <name>威廉·莫菲</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_328</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
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          <name>路伊吉·皮兰德娄</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_607</entityId>
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              <value>for his bold and ingenious revival of dramatic and scenic art</value>
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      <title>1934 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1934</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1934</alias>
        <alias>1934诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1934 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1934-10-25 至 1934-11-15 陆续公布：诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
      <categories>
        <category>category-awards</category>
      </categories>
      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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        <source>
          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1934</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1934/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1934</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1934/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:20+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1934 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1934-10-25 至 1934-11-15 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1934-11-15 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1934-10-25 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1934-11-08 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for the strict artistry with which he has carried on the classical Russian traditions in prose writing</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1933</alias>
        <alias>1933诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1933 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1933-10-20 至 1933-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1933</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1933/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1933</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:16+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1933 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1933-10-20 至 1933-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1933-11-09 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1933-10-20 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1933-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods</value>
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      <summary>1931 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1931-10-29 至 1931-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1931</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:28:08+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
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      <body>**1931 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1931-10-29 至 1931-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1931-11-12 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1931-10-29 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1931-11-08 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him</value>
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              <value>for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin</value>
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              <value>Technische Hochschule (Institute of Technology)</value>
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      <summary>1930 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1930-10-30 至 1930-11-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1930/summary/</url>
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      <body>**1930 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1930-10-30 至 1930-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1930-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1930-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1930-10-30 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1930-11-05 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons</value>
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              <value>for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin</value>
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          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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              <value>for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamins</value>
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              <value>principally for his great novel, &lt;I&gt;Buddenbrooks&lt;/I&gt;, which has won steadily increased recognition as one of the classic works of contemporary literature</value>
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      <title>1929 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1929</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1929</alias>
        <alias>1929诺贝尔奖</alias>
      </aliases>
      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1929 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1929-10-31 至 1929-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
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        <category>category-awards</category>
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      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1929</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1929/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1929/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1929/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1929</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1929/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:59+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1929 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1929-10-31 至 1929-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1929-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1929-11-12 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1929-10-31 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1929-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him</value>
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              <value>London University</value>
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              <value>for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins</value>
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              <value>Goettingen University</value>
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              <value>for his work on typhus</value>
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              <value>principally for her powerful descriptions of Northern life during the Middle Ages</value>
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      <title>1928 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1928</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1928</alias>
        <alias>1928诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1928 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1928-10-25 至 1929-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1928</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1928/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1928</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1928/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1928</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1928/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1928</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1928/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:56+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1928 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1928-10-25 至 1929-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1929-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1928-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1928-10-25 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1928-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances</value>
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              <value>for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1927</alias>
        <alias>1927诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1927 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1927-10-27 至 1928-11-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1927</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1927</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1927/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1927/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1927</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1927/summary/</url>
        </source>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:52+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1927 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1927-10-27 至 1928-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1927-11-10 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1928-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1927-10-27 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1928-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium</value>
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              <value>Sorbonne University</value>
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              <value>for his work on disperse systems</value>
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              <value>Uppsala University</value>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma</value>
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              <value>for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1926</alias>
        <alias>1926诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1926 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1926-11-11 至 1927-11-10 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:48+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
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      <body>**1926 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1926-11-11 至 1927-11-10 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1926-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1926-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1927-10-27 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1927-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his demonstration of the heterogenous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1925</alias>
        <alias>1925诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1925 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1926-11-11 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925</title>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1925</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1925/summary/</url>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1925</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1925/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:44+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1925 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1926-11-11 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1926-11-11 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1926-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1926-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy</value>
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      <summary>1924 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、3 位得主，获奖名单在 1924-10-23 至 1925-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1924</title>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1924</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1924/summary/</url>
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      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1924 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1924-10-23 至 1925-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1925-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1924-10-23 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1924-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect</value>
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              <value>California Institute of Technology (Caltech)</value>
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              <value>for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances</value>
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              <value>Graz University</value>
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              <value>for the discovery of insulin</value>
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              <value>for his always inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1923</alias>
        <alias>1923诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1923 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1923-10-25 至 1923-11-14 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1923/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1923</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1923/summary/</url>
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      <body>**1923 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1923-10-25 至 1923-11-14 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1923-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1923-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1923-10-25 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1923-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them</value>
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              <value>Copenhagen University</value>
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          <name>弗朗西斯·阿斯顿</name>
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              <value>for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule</value>
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              <value>University of Cambridge</value>
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          <name>阿奇博尔德·希尔</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_311</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>London University</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>奥托·迈尔霍夫</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_312</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Kiel University</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>哈辛托·贝纳文特</name>
          <tier>literature</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_592</entityId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for the happy manner in which he has continued the illustrious traditions of the Spanish drama</value>
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      <title>1922 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1922</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1922</alias>
        <alias>1922诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1922 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1922-10-25 至 1922-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1922/summary/</url>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1922</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1922/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1922/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1922</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1922/summary/</url>
        </source>
      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:31+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1922 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1922-10-25 至 1922-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1922-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1922-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1922-10-25 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1922-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect</value>
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              <value>Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut (now Max-Planck-Institut) für Physik</value>
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          <name>弗雷德里克·索迪</name>
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              <value>for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>University of Oxford</value>
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          <tier>literature</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_590</entityId>
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              <value>in recognition of his brilliant literary achievements, characterized as they are by a nobility of style, a profound human sympathy, grace, and a true Gallic temperament</value>
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      <title>1921 年诺贝尔奖</title>
      <slug>nobel-prize-1921</slug>
      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1921</alias>
        <alias>1921诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1921 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、3 位得主，获奖名单在 1921-11-10 至 1922-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1921</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1921/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1921</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1921/summary/</url>
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      </sources>
      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:27+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1921 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1921-11-10 至 1922-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1922-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1922-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1921-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1921</year>
        <precision>year</precision>
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              <value>in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (International Bureau of Weights and Measures)</value>
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        <entry>
          <name>瓦尔特·能斯特</name>
          <tier>chemistry</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_178</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of his work in thermochemistry</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Berlin University</value>
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          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_310</entityId>
          <sourceId>s3</sourceId>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Copenhagen University</value>
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              <value>for his monumental work, &lt;I&gt;Growth of the Soil&lt;/I&gt;</value>
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      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1920</alias>
        <alias>1920诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1920 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1920-10-28 至 1921-11-10 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
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      <tags>
        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <id>s1</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1920</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1920/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1920/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1920</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1920/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1920</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1920/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:23+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1920 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1920-10-28 至 1921-11-10 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1920-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1921-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1920-10-28 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1920-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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        <year>1920</year>
        <precision>year</precision>
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          <name>约翰内斯·斯塔克</name>
          <tier>physics</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_24</entityId>
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              <value>for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Greifswald University</value>
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          <name>朱尔·博尔代</name>
          <tier>medicine</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_309</entityId>
          <sourceId>s2</sourceId>
          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>for his discoveries relating to immunity</value>
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            <field>
              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Brussels University</value>
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          <name>卡尔·施皮特勒</name>
          <tier>literature</tier>
          <entityId>person_nobel_588</entityId>
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          <meta>
            <field>
              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in special appreciation of his epic, &lt;I&gt;Olympian Spring&lt;/I&gt;</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1919</alias>
        <alias>1919诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1919 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、3 位得主，获奖名单在 1919-11-13 至 1920-11-11 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
      <status>published</status>
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        <category>category-awards</category>
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        <tag>tag-nobel-prize</tag>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1919</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1919/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1919</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1919/summary/</url>
        </source>
        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1919</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1919/summary/</url>
        </source>
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      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:27:18+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1919 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1919-11-13 至 1920-11-11 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1919-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1920-10-28 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1920-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <body>**1918 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1919-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1919-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1919-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <body>**1917 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1917-11-08 至 1918-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1918-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1917-11-08 | 2 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of his significance as the leading representative of a new era in our literature</value>
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      <body>**1916 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1916-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1916-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays</value>
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              <value>for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll</value>
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      <body>**1915 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1915-11-11 至 1916-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1915-11-12 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1915-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1916-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements</value>
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              <value>for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus</value>
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      <title>1914 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1914</alias>
        <alias>1914诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1914 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 3 个奖项、3 位得主，获奖名单在 1915-10-29 至 1915-11-11 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1914</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:57+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1914 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1915-10-29 至 1915-11-11 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1915-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1915-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1915-10-29 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis</value>
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              <value>because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1913</alias>
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      <summary>1913 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1913-10-30 至 1913-11-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1913</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1913</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1913/summary/</url>
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        <source>
          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1913</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1913/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:53+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1913 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1913-10-30 至 1913-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1913-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1913-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1913-10-30 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1913-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys</value>
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              <value>for the discovery of the so-called Grignard reagent, which in recent years has greatly advanced the progress of organic chemistry</value>
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              <value>Nancy University</value>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_173</entityId>
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              <value>for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals whereby the progress of organic chemistry has been greatly advanced in recent years</value>
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              <value>Toulouse University</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs</value>
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              <value>primarily in recognition of his fruitful, varied and outstanding production in the realm of dramatic art</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1912</alias>
        <alias>1912诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <previousSlugs></previousSlugs>
      <summary>1912 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1912-10-10 至 1912-11-14 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 2 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1912</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1912/summary/</url>
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      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1912 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1912-10-10 至 1912-11-14 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1912-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1912-11-12 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1912-10-10 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1912-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat</value>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Sorbonne University</value>
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              <value>for his work on the dioptrics of the eye</value>
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              <value>in appreciation of his many-sided literary activities, and especially of his dramatic works, which are distinguished by a wealth of imagination and by a poetic fancy, which reveals, sometimes in the guise of a fairy tale, a deep inspiration, while in a mysterious way they appeal to the readers&#39; own feelings and stimulate their imaginations</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1911</alias>
        <alias>1911诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1911 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1911-10-19 至 1911-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1911</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1911</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1911/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1911</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1911/summary/</url>
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      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:43+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1911 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1911-10-19 至 1911-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1911-11-07 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1911-11-07 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1911-10-19 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1911-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <summary>1909 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1909-10-28 至 1909-11-11 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
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      <body>**1909 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1909-10-28 至 1909-11-11 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1909-11-09 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1909-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1909-10-28 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1909-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <summary>1908 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1908-10-29 至 1908-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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      <body>**1908 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1908-10-29 至 1908-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1908-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1908-11-10 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1908-10-29 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1908-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases</value>
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      <summary>1907 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1907-10-31 至 1907-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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      <body>**1907 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1907-10-31 至 1907-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1907-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1907-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1907-10-31 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1907-11-07 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of the great services rendered by him in his investigation and isolation of the element fluorine, and for the adoption in the service of science of the electric furnace called after him</value>
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          <name>卡米洛·高尔基</name>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Pavia University</value>
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          <name>圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔</name>
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              <key>motivation</key>
              <value>in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system</value>
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              <key>affiliation</key>
              <value>Madrid University</value>
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          <name>焦苏埃·卡尔杜奇</name>
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          <entityId>person_nobel_576</entityId>
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              <value>not only in consideration of his deep learning and critical research, but above all as a tribute to the creative energy, freshness of style, and lyrical force which characterize his poetic masterpieces</value>
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      <title>1906 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1906</alias>
        <alias>1906诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1906 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1906-10-25 至 1906-11-12 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 2 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1906</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1906/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1906</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1906/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:16+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1906 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1906-10-25 至 1906-11-12 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1906-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1906-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1906-10-25 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1906-11-08 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>Kiel University</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds</value>
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              <value>Munich University</value>
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              <value>for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1905</alias>
        <alias>1905诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1905 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1905-10-12 至 1905-11-09 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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        <source>
          <id>s3</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1905/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1905</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1905/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:10+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1905 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1905-10-12 至 1905-11-09 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1905-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1905-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1905-10-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1905-11-09 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the fresh originality and true inspiration of his poetic production, which faithfully reflects the natural scenery and native spirit of his people, and, in addition, his significant work as a Proven&amp;ccedil;al philologist</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the numerous and brilliant compositions which, in an individual and original manner, have revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama</value>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1904</alias>
        <alias>1904诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1904 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1904-10-20 至 1904-11-17 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 2 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1904</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1904</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1904</title>
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          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1904/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1904</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1904/summary/</url>
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      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:26:03+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1904 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1904-10-20 至 1904-11-17 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1904-11-08 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1904-11-08 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1904-10-20 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1904-11-17 | 2 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel</value>
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              <value>École municipale de physique et de chimie industrielles (Municipal School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry)</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel</value>
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          <name>斯凡特·奥古斯特·阿伦尼乌斯</name>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation</value>
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              <value>Stockholm University</value>
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              <value>in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science</value>
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              <value>Finsen Medical Light Institute</value>
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              <value>as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit</value>
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      <title>1903 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1903</alias>
        <alias>1903诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1903 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、6 位得主，获奖名单在 1903-10-15 至 1903-11-19 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1903</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1903/summary/</url>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1903</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1903/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:25:57+08:00</updatedAt>
      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1903 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1903-10-15 至 1903-11-19 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1903-11-12 | 3 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1903-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1903-10-15 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1903-11-19 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses</value>
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              <value>for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it</value>
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              <value>the greatest living master of the art of historical writing, with special reference to his monumental work, &lt;I&gt;A history of Rome&lt;/I&gt;</value>
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      <aliases>
        <alias>Nobel Prize 1902</alias>
        <alias>1902诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1902 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、5 位得主，获奖名单在 1902-10-30 至 1902-11-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1902</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
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          <id>s2</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1902/summary/</url>
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          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1902/summary/</url>
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          <id>s4</id>
          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1902</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1902/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:25:51+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <revision>4</revision>
      <body>**1902 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1902-10-30 至 1902-11-13 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1902-11-11 | 2 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1902-11-11 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1902-10-30 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1902-11-13 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him</value>
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              <value>in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions</value>
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              <value>for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths</value>
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              <value>in special recognition of his poetic composition, which gives evidence of lofty idealism, artistic perfection and a rare combination of the qualities of both heart and intellect</value>
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      <title>1901 年诺贝尔奖</title>
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        <alias>Nobel Prize 1901</alias>
        <alias>1901诺贝尔奖</alias>
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      <summary>1901 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、4 位得主，获奖名单在 1901-10-30 至 1901-11-14 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 1 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 1 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。</summary>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1901</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901</title>
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          <title>The Nobel Prize in Literature 1901</title>
          <author>The Nobel Foundation</author>
          <url>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1901/summary/</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T01:39:17+08:00</createdAt>
      <updatedAt>2026-11-01T03:25:47+08:00</updatedAt>
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      <body>**1901 年诺贝尔奖**是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1901-10-30 至 1901-11-14 陆续公布[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 本年度获奖情况&#xA;&#xA;| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |&#xA;| --- | --- | ---: |&#xA;| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1901-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1901-11-12 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1901-10-30 | 1 |&#xA;| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1901-11-14 | 1 |&#xA;&#xA;得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[^s1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。&#xA;&#xA;## 参见&#xA;&#xA;[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]、[[organization_nobel_foundation|诺贝尔基金会]]</body>
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      <title>十八岁出门远行</title>
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      <summary>《十八岁出门远行》是余华的短篇小说，1987年发表于《北京文学》，是他的成名作。</summary>
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          <title>纪念《收获》创刊60周年｜余华：纵论人生，纵论自我</title>
          <author>余华（澎湃新闻）</author>
          <date>2017-12-08</date>
          <url>https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1896476</url>
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          <title>《河边的错误》--书汇--中国作家网</title>
          <author>中国作家网</author>
          <date>2018-02-28</date>
          <url>https://www.chinawriter.com.cn/n1/2018/0228/c405069-29839513.html</url>
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      <createdAt>2026-11-01T02:58:43+08:00</createdAt>
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      <updatedBy>user:admin</updatedBy>
      <revision>3</revision>
      <body>**《十八岁出门远行》**是[[person_douban_1a65aa1c200d|余华]]创作的短篇小说，余华称之为自己的成名作[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 创作背景&#xA;&#xA;小说初稿在浙江海盐河边的一间小房子里写成。1986年深秋，余华带着初稿到北京参加《北京文学》改稿会，副主编李陀读后大力推荐。小说在《北京文学》1987年第1期青年作家专号上以头条发表[^s1]。&#xA;&#xA;## 版本与影响&#xA;&#xA;经李陀宣传，小说发表后引起关注；李陀随后把余华的中篇小说推荐给《收获》，并请编辑部读一读这篇小说[^s1]。它与《河边的错误》《一九八六年》《古典爱情》等同属余华的主要中短篇小说[^s2]。</body>
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