{
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  "title": "工程基础 · 沿革",
  "description": "工程基础是各工程学科共通、同样适用于软件工程的知识，用来支持其他知识域并避免重复。",
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    "title": "工程基础",
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    "summary": "工程基础是各工程学科共通、同样适用于软件工程的知识，用来支持其他知识域并避免重复。",
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        "title": "Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK Guide) v4.0a",
        "author": "Hironori Washizaki (ed.), IEEE Computer Society",
        "date": "2026-08",
        "url": "https://ieeecs-media.computer.org/media/education/swebok/swebok-v4.pdf",
        "locator": "Chapter 18"
      }
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    "createdAt": "2026-11-02T01:12:52+08:00",
    "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T01:19:55+08:00",
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    "body": "IEEE 把工程定义为把系统化、有纪律、可量化的方法用于结构、机器、产品、系统或过程。随着软件工程的理论和实践成熟，它越来越明显地建立在各工程学科共通的技能和知识之上。本知识域是三个基础知识域之一。其中的工程过程与软件工程经济学知识域中的决策步骤相应，并且必然是迭代的：任一步获得的知识都可能使前面的步骤重做。[^s1]\n\n\n该知识域在指南中的一级主题为：\n\n- 工程过程\n- 工程设计\n- 抽象与封装\n- 经验方法与实验技术\n- 统计分析\n- 建模、仿真与原型\n- 测量\n- 标准\n- 根因分析\n- 工业 4.0 与软件工程",
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