{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "title": "热门", "description": "有访问统计时按近 7 日浏览量排序；尚无统计时优先展示热门/精选标签，再按关系数量排序。", "url": "/zh/hot-190.html", "entities": [ { "id": "place_us_ar_sulphur_springs_32772", "type": "place", "title": "萨尔弗斯普林斯", "slug": "ar-sulphur-springs-32772", "aliases": [ "Sulphur Springs" ], "summary": "萨尔弗斯普林斯（Sulphur Springs）是美国阿肯色州下辖的城镇，人口约 1,101。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:45:40+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T11:43:03+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n萨尔弗斯普林斯（Sulphur Springs）是美国[[place_us_ar|阿肯色州]]，位于[[place_us_ar_jefferson_county|杰佛逊县]]境内下辖的城镇，人口约 1,101[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：34.1806, -92.1235", "url": "/places/ar-sulphur-springs-32772.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "town", "coordinates": { "latitude": 34.18065, "longitude": -92.12348 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 阿肯色州 · 萨尔弗斯普林斯" }, { "id": "place_us_wa_cowlitz_county", "type": "place", "title": "考利茨县", "slug": "wa-cowlitz-county", "aliases": [ "Cowlitz County" ], "summary": "考利茨县（Cowlitz County）是美国华盛顿州下辖的县，人口约 102,410。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:21:02+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:34:38+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n考利茨县（Cowlitz County）是美国[[place_us_wa|华盛顿州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 wa015，人口约 102,410[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：46.1933, -122.6808\n- 时区：America/Los_Angeles", "url": "/places/wa-cowlitz-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 46.19329, "longitude": -122.68078 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 华盛顿州 · 考利茨县" }, { "id": "place_us_nd_mchenry_county", "type": "place", "title": "麦克亨利县", "slug": "nd-mchenry-county", "aliases": [ "McHenry County" ], "summary": "麦克亨利县（McHenry County）是美国北达科他州下辖的县，人口约 5,395。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:20:51+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:34:26+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n麦克亨利县（McHenry County）是美国[[place_us_nd|北达科他州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 nd049，人口约 5,395[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：48.2346, -100.6363\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/nd-mchenry-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 48.23458, "longitude": -100.63628 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 北达科他州 · 麦克亨利县" }, { "id": "place_us_id_clearwater_county", "type": "place", "title": "清水县", "slug": "id-clearwater-county", "aliases": [ "Clearwater County" ], "summary": "清水县（Clearwater County）是美国爱达荷州下辖的县，人口约 8,734。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:20:43+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:34:17+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n清水县（Clearwater County）是美国[[place_us_id|爱达荷州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 id035，人口约 8,734[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：46.6737, -115.6569\n- 时区：America/Los_Angeles", "url": "/places/id-clearwater-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 46.6737, "longitude": -115.65686 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 爱达荷州 · 清水县" }, { "id": "place_us_tx_hutchinson_county", "type": "place", "title": "哈钦森县", "slug": "tx-hutchinson-county", "aliases": [ "Hutchinson County" ], "summary": "哈钦森县（Hutchinson County）是美国得克萨斯州下辖的县，人口约 20,617。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:20:33+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:34:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n哈钦森县（Hutchinson County）是美国[[place_us_tx|得克萨斯州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 tx233，人口约 20,617[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：35.8400, -101.3547\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/tx-hutchinson-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 35.84003, "longitude": -101.3547 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 得克萨斯州 · 哈钦森县" }, { "id": "place_us_pa_columbia_county", "type": "place", "title": "哥伦比亚县", "slug": "pa-columbia-county", "aliases": [ "Columbia County" ], "summary": "哥伦比亚县（Columbia County）是美国宾夕法尼亚州下辖的县，人口约 67,295。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:54+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:33:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n哥伦比亚县（Columbia County）是美国[[place_us_pa|宾夕法尼亚州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 pa037，人口约 67,295[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：41.0487, -76.4052\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/pa-columbia-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 41.04865, "longitude": -76.40515 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 宾夕法尼亚州 · 哥伦比亚县" }, { "id": "place_us_oh_lake_county", "type": "place", "title": "莱克县", "slug": "oh-lake-county", "aliases": [ "Lake County" ], "summary": "莱克县（Lake County）是美国俄亥俄州下辖的县，人口约 232,603。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:33:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n莱克县（Lake County）是美国[[place_us_oh|俄亥俄州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 oh085，人口约 232,603[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：41.7139, -81.2453\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/oh-lake-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 41.71393, "longitude": -81.24527 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 俄亥俄州 · 莱克县" }, { "id": "place_us_oh_columbiana_county", "type": "place", "title": "哥伦比亚纳县", "slug": "oh-columbiana-county", "aliases": [ "Columbiana County" ], "summary": "哥伦比亚纳县（Columbiana County）是美国俄亥俄州下辖的县，人口约 101,877。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:48+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:33:16+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n哥伦比亚纳县（Columbiana County）是美国[[place_us_oh|俄亥俄州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 oh029，人口约 101,877[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：40.7684, -80.7772\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/oh-columbiana-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 40.76843, "longitude": -80.77719 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 俄亥俄州 · 哥伦比亚纳县" }, { "id": "place_us_ne_hamilton_county", "type": "place", "title": "汉密尔顿县", "slug": "ne-hamilton-county", "aliases": [ "Hamilton County" ], "summary": "汉密尔顿县（Hamilton County）是美国内布拉斯加州下辖的县，人口约 9,280。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:36+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:33:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n汉密尔顿县（Hamilton County）是美国[[place_us_ne|内布拉斯加州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 ne081，人口约 9,280[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：40.8736, -98.0232\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/ne-hamilton-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 40.87356, "longitude": -98.02323 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 内布拉斯加州 · 汉密尔顿县" }, { "id": "place_us_ne_custer_county", "type": "place", "title": "卡斯特县", "slug": "ne-custer-county", "aliases": [ "Custer County" ], "summary": "卡斯特县（Custer County）是美国内布拉斯加州下辖的县，人口约 10,939。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:33+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:33:03+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n卡斯特县（Custer County）是美国[[place_us_ne|内布拉斯加州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 ne041，人口约 10,939[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：41.3943, -99.7261\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/ne-custer-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 41.39426, "longitude": -99.72614 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 内布拉斯加州 · 卡斯特县" }, { "id": "place_us_mi_mason_county", "type": "place", "title": "梅森县", "slug": "mi-mason-county", "aliases": [ "Mason County" ], "summary": "梅森县（Mason County）是美国密歇根州下辖的县，人口约 29,052。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:19:15+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:32:43+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n梅森县（Mason County）是美国[[place_us_mi|密歇根州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 mi105，人口约 29,052[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：43.9562, -86.4226\n- 时区：America/Detroit", "url": "/places/mi-mason-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 43.95625, "longitude": -86.42258 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 密歇根州 · 梅森县" }, { "id": "place_us_va_charles_city_county", "type": "place", "title": "查尔斯城县", "slug": "va-charles-city-county", "aliases": [ "Charles City County" ], "summary": "查尔斯城县（Charles City County）是美国弗吉尼亚州下辖的县，人口约 7,256。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:26:54+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:32:02+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n查尔斯城县（Charles City County）是美国[[place_us_va|弗吉尼亚州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 va036，人口约 7,256[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：37.3543, -77.0591\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/va-charles-city-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 37.35435, "longitude": -77.05913 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 弗吉尼亚州 · 查尔斯城县" }, { "id": "place_us_va_bedford_county", "type": "place", "title": "贝德福县", "slug": "va-bedford-county", "aliases": [ "Bedford County" ], "summary": "贝德福县（Bedford County）是美国弗吉尼亚州下辖的县，人口约 68,676。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:18:32+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:31:59+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n贝德福县（Bedford County）是美国[[place_us_va|弗吉尼亚州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 va019，人口约 68,676[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：37.3149, -79.5242\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/va-bedford-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 37.31494, "longitude": -79.52422 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 弗吉尼亚州 · 贝德福县" }, { "id": "place_us_tx_san_augustine_county", "type": "place", "title": "圣奥古斯丁县", "slug": "tx-san-augustine-county", "aliases": [ "San Augustine County" ], "summary": "圣奥古斯丁县（San Augustine County）是美国得克萨斯州下辖的县，人口约 8,865。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:26:49+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:31:54+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n圣奥古斯丁县（San Augustine County）是美国[[place_us_tx|得克萨斯州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 tx405，人口约 8,865[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：31.3942, -94.1682\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/tx-san-augustine-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 31.39422, "longitude": -94.16819 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 得克萨斯州 · 圣奥古斯丁县" }, { "id": "place_us_sc_york_county", "type": "place", "title": "约克县", "slug": "sc-york-county", "aliases": [ "York County" ], "summary": "约克县（York County）是美国南卡罗来纳州下辖的县，人口约 226,073。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:18:05+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:31:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n约克县（York County）是美国[[place_us_sc|南卡罗来纳州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 sc091，人口约 226,073[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：34.9748, -81.1844\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/sc-york-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 34.97475, "longitude": -81.18442 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 南卡罗来纳州 · 约克县" }, { "id": "place_us_nc_alexander_county", "type": "place", "title": "亚历山大县", "slug": "nc-alexander-county", "aliases": [ "Alexander County" ], "summary": "亚历山大县（Alexander County）是美国北卡罗来纳州下辖的县，人口约 37,198。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:17:39+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:31:03+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n亚历山大县（Alexander County）是美国[[place_us_nc|北卡罗来纳州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 nc003，人口约 37,198[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：35.9210, -81.1770\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/nc-alexander-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 35.92102, "longitude": -81.17702 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 北卡罗来纳州 · 亚历山大县" }, { "id": "place_us_ks_jefferson_county", "type": "place", "title": "杰佛逊县", "slug": "ks-jefferson-county", "aliases": [ "Jefferson County" ], "summary": "杰佛逊县（Jefferson County）是美国堪萨斯州下辖的县，人口约 18,368。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:16:50+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:30:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n杰佛逊县（Jefferson County）是美国[[place_us_ks|堪萨斯州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 ks087，人口约 18,368[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：39.2358, -95.3834\n- 时区：America/Chicago", "url": "/places/ks-jefferson-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 39.23576, "longitude": -95.38345 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 堪萨斯州 · 杰佛逊县" }, { "id": "place_us_in_jefferson_county", "type": "place", "title": "杰佛逊县", "slug": "in-jefferson-county", "aliases": [ "Jefferson County" ], "summary": "杰佛逊县（Jefferson County）是美国印第安纳州下辖的县，人口约 32,208。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:16:43+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:30:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n杰佛逊县（Jefferson County）是美国[[place_us_in|印第安纳州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 in077，人口约 32,208[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：38.7858, -85.4386\n- 时区：America/Indiana/Indianapolis", "url": "/places/in-jefferson-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 38.78582, "longitude": -85.43857 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 印第安纳州 · 杰佛逊县" }, { "id": "place_us_ga_wilkes_county", "type": "place", "title": "威尔克斯县", "slug": "ga-wilkes-county", "aliases": [ "Wilkes County" ], "summary": "威尔克斯县（Wilkes County）是美国佐治亚州下辖的县，人口约 9,876。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:16:34+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:30:03+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n威尔克斯县（Wilkes County）是美国[[place_us_ga|佐治亚州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 ga317，人口约 9,876[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：33.7820, -82.7432\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/ga-wilkes-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 33.78195, "longitude": -82.74323 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 佐治亚州 · 威尔克斯县" }, { "id": "place_us_fl_manatee_county", "type": "place", "title": "马纳提县", "slug": "fl-manatee-county", "aliases": [ "Manatee County" ], "summary": "马纳提县（Manatee County）是美国佛罗里达州下辖的县，人口约 399,710。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "geonames", "title": "GeoNames US dataset (US.txt / admin2Codes.txt)", "url": "https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/US.zip" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T10:16:14+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:29:42+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "## 概况\n\n马纳提县（Manatee County）是美国[[place_us_fl|佛罗里达州]]下辖的县，FIPS 代码 fl081，人口约 399,710[^geonames]。\n\n## 地理\n\n- 坐标：27.4775, -82.3575\n- 时区：America/New_York", "url": "/places/fl-manatee-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 27.47752, "longitude": -82.35754 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 佛罗里达州 · 马纳提县" }, { "id": "place_us_nd_burleigh_county", "type": "place", "title": "伯利县", "slug": "nd-burleigh-county", "aliases": [ "Burleigh County" ], "summary": "伯利县（Burleigh County）是美国北达科他州下辖的县，县治为俾斯麦。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "伯利县（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%8E%BF" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:02:17+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:15:50+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n伯利县（Burleigh County）是美国北达科他州下辖的县（county），县治为俾斯麦[^uscb2023]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属州：[[place_us_nd|北达科他州]]\n- 县治：俾斯麦[^uscb2023]\n- 行政级别：县（county）[^uscb2023]\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_nd|北达科他州]]。\n\n## 核实数据（GeoNames）\n\n- 人口：约 81,308\n- 坐标：46.9774, -100.4687\n- FIPS 代码：nd015", "url": "/places/nd-burleigh-county.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "county", "coordinates": { "latitude": 46.8083, "longitude": -100.7837 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 北达科他州 · 伯利县" }, { "id": "place_us_hi_hilo", "type": "place", "title": "希洛", "slug": "hi-hilo", "aliases": [ "Hilo" ], "summary": "希洛（Hilo）是美国夏威夷州的市。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "希洛（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B4%9B" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:02:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T10:15:26+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 4, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n希洛（Hilo）是美国夏威夷州的市（city）[^uscb2023]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属州：[[place_us_hi|夏威夷州]]\n- 所在县：夏威夷县[^zhwiki]\n- 人口：约44,000（2023年估计）[^uscb2023]\n- 行政级别：市（city）[^uscb2023]\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_hi|夏威夷州]]。\n\n## 核实数据（GeoNames）\n\n- 人口：约 43,263\n- 坐标：19.7299, -155.0907", "url": "/places/hi-hilo.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "city", "coordinates": { "latitude": 19.7297, "longitude": -155.09 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 夏威夷州 · 希洛" }, { "id": "place_us_mo_st_louis_benton_park", "type": "place", "title": "本顿公园", "slug": "mo-st-louis-benton-park", "aliases": [ "Benton Park" ], "summary": "本顿公园（Benton Park）是圣路易斯下辖的社区。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "本顿公园（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:03:11+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T03:06:29+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n本顿公园（Benton Park）是圣路易斯下辖的社区（neighborhood），为美国行政区划中最基层的聚居区单元[^enwiki]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 上级行政区：[[place_us_mo_st_louis|圣路易斯]]\n- 行政级别：社区（neighborhood）[^enwiki]\n- 坐标：38.606, -90.209\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_mo_st_louis|圣路易斯]]。", "url": "/places/mo-st-louis-benton-park.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "neighborhood", "coordinates": { "latitude": 38.606, "longitude": -90.209 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 密苏里州 · 圣路易斯 · 本顿公园" }, { "id": "place_us_nc_charlotte_south_end", "type": "place", "title": "南端", "slug": "nc-charlotte-south-end", "aliases": [ "South End" ], "summary": "南端（South End）是夏洛特下辖的社区。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "南端（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%AB%AF" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:03:07+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T03:06:25+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n南端（South End）是夏洛特下辖的社区（neighborhood），为美国行政区划中最基层的聚居区单元[^enwiki]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 上级行政区：[[place_us_nc_charlotte|夏洛特]]\n- 行政级别：社区（neighborhood）[^enwiki]\n- 坐标：35.216, -80.86\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_nc_charlotte|夏洛特]]。", "url": "/places/nc-charlotte-south-end.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "neighborhood", "coordinates": { "latitude": 35.216, "longitude": -80.86 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 北卡罗来纳州 · 夏洛特 · 南端" }, { "id": "place_us_mi_detroit_greektown", "type": "place", "title": "希腊城", "slug": "mi-detroit-greektown", "aliases": [ "Greektown" ], "summary": "希腊城（Greektown）是底特律下辖的社区。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "希腊城（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%9F%8E" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:03:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T03:06:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n希腊城（Greektown）是底特律下辖的社区（neighborhood），为美国行政区划中最基层的聚居区单元[^enwiki]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 上级行政区：[[place_us_mi_detroit|底特律]]\n- 行政级别：社区（neighborhood）[^enwiki]\n- 坐标：42.335, -83.049\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_mi_detroit|底特律]]。", "url": "/places/mi-detroit-greektown.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "neighborhood", "coordinates": { "latitude": 42.335, "longitude": -83.049 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 密歇根州 · 底特律 · 希腊城" }, { "id": "place_us_ca_san_francisco_north_beach", "type": "place", "title": "北滩", "slug": "ca-san-francisco-north-beach", "aliases": [ "North Beach" ], "summary": "北滩（North Beach）是旧金山下辖的社区。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "北滩（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%BB%A9" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:02:55+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T03:06:14+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n北滩（North Beach）是旧金山下辖的社区（neighborhood），为美国行政区划中最基层的聚居区单元[^enwiki]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 上级行政区：[[place_us_ca_san_francisco|旧金山]]\n- 行政级别：社区（neighborhood）[^enwiki]\n- 坐标：37.8003, -122.4104\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_ca_san_francisco|旧金山]]。", "url": "/places/ca-san-francisco-north-beach.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "neighborhood", "coordinates": { "latitude": 37.8003, "longitude": -122.4104 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 加利福尼亚州 · 旧金山 · 北滩" }, { "id": "place_us_ny_new_york_manhattan_harlem", "type": "place", "title": "哈莱姆", "slug": "ny-new-york-manhattan-harlem", "aliases": [ "Harlem" ], "summary": "哈莱姆（Harlem）是曼哈顿区下辖的社区。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "哈莱姆（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%8E%B1%E5%A7%86" }, { "id": "uscb2023", "title": "U.S. Census Bureau 2023 州与县 FIPS 代码", "url": "https://www.census.gov/library/reference/code-lists/ansi.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T03:02:47+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-29T03:06:06+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 3, "body": "## 行政区划\n\n哈莱姆（Harlem）是曼哈顿区下辖的社区（neighborhood），为美国行政区划中最基层的聚居区单元[^enwiki]。\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 上级行政区：[[place_us_ny_new_york_manhattan|曼哈顿区]]\n- 行政级别：社区（neighborhood）[^enwiki]\n- 坐标：40.8116, -73.9465\n\n## 上级行政区\n\n位于[[place_us_ny_new_york_manhattan|曼哈顿区]]。", "url": "/places/ny-new-york-manhattan-harlem.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "placeKind": "neighborhood", "coordinates": { "latitude": 40.8116, "longitude": -73.9465 }, "adminArea": "美国 · 纽约州 · 纽约 · 曼哈顿区 · 哈莱姆" }, { "id": "organization_beijing_ecological_environment_bureau", "type": "organization", "title": "北京市生态环境局", "slug": "beijing-ecological-environment-bureau", "summary": "2021年进京机动车通告的联合发布机构之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "official", "title": "北京市交通委员会 北京市生态环境局 北京市公安局公安交通管理局关于对外省区市机动车采取交通管理措施的通告", "author": "北京市交通委员会、北京市生态环境局、北京市公安局公安交通管理局", "date": "2021-07-27", "url": "https://jtw.beijing.gov.cn/xxgk/2024zcwj/gfxwj/202406/t20240628_3732136.html" }, { "id": "gywm", "title": "北京市生态环境局-关于我们", "author": "北京市生态环境局", "url": "https://sthjj.beijing.gov.cn/bjhrb/index/gywm23/index.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "北京市生态环境局与其他部门联合发布2021年对外省区市机动车采取交通管理措施的通告。[^official]\n\n## 联系方式\n\n- 官网：https://sthjj.beijing.gov.cn[^gywm]\n- 办公地址：北京市通州区留庄路3号院2号楼[^gywm]\n- 邮政编码：101117[^gywm]\n- 办公电话：010-55529915[^gywm]", "url": "/organizations/beijing-ecological-environment-bureau.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府部门", "headquartersNote": "北京市通州区留庄路3号院2号楼" }, { "id": "place_beijing_muxidi_bridge", "type": "place", "title": "木樨地桥", "slug": "beijing-muxidi-bridge", "summary": "2021年北京市外省区市机动车交通管理通告中提及的桥梁。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-modern-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "official", "title": "北京市交通委员会 北京市生态环境局 北京市公安局公安交通管理局关于对外省区市机动车采取交通管理措施的通告", "author": "北京市交通委员会、北京市生态环境局、北京市公安局公安交通管理局", "date": "2021-07-27", "url": "https://jtw.beijing.gov.cn/xxgk/2024zcwj/gfxwj/202406/t20240628_3732136.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "2021年北京市外省区市机动车交通管理通告中提及的桥梁。[^official]", "url": "/places/beijing-muxidi-bridge.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "placeKind": "桥梁" }, { "id": "place_kr2_cn_boryeong", "type": "place", "title": "보령시", "slug": "cn-boryeong-si", "summary": "충청남도의 기초자치단체. 면적·인구·하위 행정구역과 지역 특징을 다룬다.", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "ko-wiki", "title": "보령시", "url": "https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/보령시", "locator": "한국어 위키백과, 2026-10-28 확인" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-28T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 개요\n\n충남 서해안 중부의 도시로, 대천 해수욕장과 보령머드축제로 유명하다.\n\n## 기본 정보\n\n- 면적: 약 569.01km² / 인구: 약 9.7만 명\n- 하위 행정구역: 1읍 10면 5행정동\n\n## 하위 행정구역\n\n- **읍면**: 보령 읍면 상세 생략 (대천 중심)\n\n## 특징\n\n대천 해수욕장·보령머드축제·오천 항이 유명하다.\n\n\u003e 출처: 한국어 위키백과 각 시·군 문서(2026-10-28 확인). 하위 행정구역은 2024년 기준이며 이후 변동 가능.", "url": "/places/cn-boryeong-si.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "placeKind": "시", "coordinates": { "latitude": 36.33, "longitude": 126.61 }, "adminArea": "대한민국·충청남도" }, { "id": "concept_ich_8_273", "type": "concept", "title": "食用油传统制作技艺", "slug": "shi-yong-you-chuan-tong-zhi-zuo-ji-yi", "summary": "食用油传统制作技艺以大名小磨香油制作技艺为代表，是以石磨水代法制取香油的传统手工艺，2021年列入第五批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "食用油传统制作技艺（大名小磨香油制作技艺） - 中国非物质文化遗产网", "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/23587.html" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-03T15:41:19+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-03T15:41:19+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 简介\n\n食用油传统制作技艺是国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目，项目编号Ⅷ-273，2021年列入第五批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，传统技艺类，申报地区为河北省邯郸市大名县，保护单位为大名县文化馆[^s1]。其代表为大名小磨香油制作技艺，是我国食用油传统制作技艺的代表之一。\n\n## 历史渊源\n\n大名小磨香油制作技艺发源于河北省邯郸市大名县，并辐射至周边地区；大名县位于河北省东南部，冀鲁豫三省交界处，气候温和、四季分明，自古盛产优质芝麻，为小磨香油提供了优质原材料[^s1]。小磨香油制作技艺源于大名县儒家寨，始于唐，兴于明清，盛于当今，技艺传承脉络清晰，所产香油被列为“国家地理标志保护产品”[^s1]。\n\n## 主要内容与特点\n\n大名小磨香油精选优质芝麻为原料，采用“水代法”传统工艺制作，因香气扑鼻、浓郁故称为“香油”[^s1]。要经过选料、培育炒制芝麻胚胎、扬烟、石磨低温和低速磨制、油胚分离、起油、物理过滤等十几道严格的工序方能制成；生产过程中根据芝麻特性灵活掌握浸泡的温度、时间和滋润度，通过对火候、对扬烟降温速度和时间的精准掌控，促成芝麻芳香物质生成，确保最佳口感。该项技艺所用的石磨需选用太行山特有石材制作，锻凿精度严格，以确保石磨温度和磨浆细度达到要求；兑浆搅拌时水的温度和水量恰到好处，使芝麻天然营养成分不致流失；物理过滤采用天然植物纤维，使香油品质更加晶莹透亮、香味更加纯正[^s1]。\n\n## 传承与保护现状\n\n历史上小磨香油制作技艺以师徒传承和家庭传承为主，近年来传承人通过家传、师带徒、培训讲座、现场指导、企业实践等方式不断拓宽传承渠道。目前大名县有40多个香油专业村，具有一定规模的香油加工企业达21家；该技艺是当地饮食文化的重要载体，在食用油生产历史上占有重要地位，在满足民众生活需求、带动相关产业发展、促进就业增收和社会和谐、弘扬中华美食文化等方面做出了贡献[^s1]。", "url": "/concepts/shi-yong-you-chuan-tong-zhi-zuo-ji-yi.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "conceptKind": "other" }, { "id": "person_nobel_1044", "type": "person", "title": "达龙·阿杰姆奥卢", "slug": "daron-acemoglu", "aliases": [ "Daron Acemoglu" ], "summary": "达龙·阿杰姆奥卢（Daron Acemoglu，1967年9月3日—）是2024 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Daron Acemoglu – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/acemoglu/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2024", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/summary/" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "Daron Acemoglu – Wikipedia", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daron_Acemoglu" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:58:43+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**达龙·阿杰姆奥卢**（Daron Acemoglu，1967年9月3日—）出生于伊斯坦布尔（土耳其）。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n达龙·阿杰姆奥卢在约克大学获得学士学位，在伦敦政治经济学院获得硕士和博士学位（1992年），1993年起任教于麻省理工学院，2019年获任麻省理工学院讲席教授（Institute Professor），长期与詹姆斯·罗宾逊合作研究制度与经济发展。[^s3]\n\n## 主要成就\n\n阿杰姆奥卢与罗宾逊在《国家为什么会失败》（2012年）中提出，包容性制度（广泛分享政治与经济权力、保护产权、鼓励创新）促进长期繁荣，而攫取性制度（权力与财富集中于少数精英）则导致停滞。他们的历史比较研究把制度差异作为解释国家贫富分化的关键变量[^s1]。除《国家为什么会失败》外，他与罗宾逊还合著了《独裁与民主的经济起源》（2006年）和《狭窄的走廊》（2019年）。[^s3]\n\n## 获奖\n\n2024 年瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖由 3 位得主共享，达龙·阿杰姆奥卢占其中 1/3 份，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“for studies of how institutions are formed and affect prosperity”[^s1]。获奖时所属机构为 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)，所在地为剑桥（美国）[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2024|2024 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/daron-acemoglu.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1967, "month": 9, "day": 3, "precision": "day", "display": "1967年9月3日" } }, { "id": "person_nobel_817", "type": "person", "title": "多丽丝·莱辛", "slug": "doris-lessing", "aliases": [ "Doris Lessing" ], "summary": "多丽丝·莱辛（Doris Lessing，1919年10月22日—2013年11月17日）是2007 年诺贝尔文学奖得主。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-awards", "category-people" ], "tags": [ "tag-nobel-prize" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "Doris Lessing – Facts", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2007/lessing/facts/" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2007", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2007/summary/" }, { "id": "s3", "title": "Doris Lessing", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doris_Lessing" }, { "id": "s4", "title": "Doris Lessing – Biographical", "author": "The Nobel Foundation", "url": "https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2007/lessing/biographical/" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T03:38:01+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:58:27+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "**多丽丝·莱辛**（Doris Lessing，1919年10月22日—2013年11月17日）出生于克尔曼沙阿（伊朗），2013年11月17日在伦敦（英国）去世。\n\n## 生平与职业生涯\n\n多丽丝·莱辛1919年生于波斯（今伊朗），1925年随家人迁往南罗得西亚（今津巴布韦）的农场并在那里长大，14岁辍学，1949年移居伦敦，1950年以长篇小说《野草在歌唱》成名，此后六十余年笔耕不辍。\n\n## 主要成就\n\n莱辛的代表作包括《金色笔记》（1962年），以多线叙事探索女性经验、政治理想与自我分裂，被视为二十世纪女性主义文学的重要作品；《暴力之子》五部曲追踪一位女性从殖民地到战后英国的人生；晚年她又转向科幻系列《南船座的老人星》（Canopus in Argos），以寓言反思文明与权力。诺贝尔奖表彰她以怀疑、热情与远见审视女性经验[^s1]。2007年获奖时她87岁，是当时最年长的诺贝尔文学奖得主。[^s3]\n\n## 获奖\n\n2007 年诺贝尔文学奖授予 多丽丝·莱辛，官方获奖理由（官方原文）：“that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny”[^s1]。\n\n## 参见\n\n[[work_nobel_prize_2007|2007 年诺贝尔奖]]、[[concept_nobel_prize|诺贝尔奖]]", "url": "/people/doris-lessing.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "birth": { "year": 1919, "month": 10, "day": 22, "precision": "day", "display": "1919年10月22日" }, "death": { "year": 2013, "month": 11, "day": 17, "precision": "day", "display": "2013年11月17日" } }, { "id": "person_cn_q1285831", "type": "person", "title": "秦琼", "slug": "qin-shubao", "aliases": [ "Qin Shubao" ], "previousSlugs": [ "qin-shubao-q1285831" ], "summary": "秦琼是唐朝开国将领，凌烟阁二十四功臣之一，民间门神形象的原型之一。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1285831", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1285831" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "秦琼（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E7%90%BC" }, { "id": "zhengshi", "title": "新唐书/卷089（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7089" }, { "id": "xintangshu-index", "title": "《新唐书》（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/新唐书", "locator": "正史总集" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:52:00+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## 生平\n\n秦琼字叔宝，齐州历城人，唐朝开国将领。秦琼早年为隋将来护儿部下，后归唐，随李世民征战，屡立战功，位列凌烟阁二十四功臣。民间以秦琼与尉迟恭为门神，其忠勇形象深入人心。[^zhwiki][^zhengshi]\n\n## 正史记载\n\n\u003e 秦瓊，字叔寶，以字顯，齊州歷城人。始爲隋將來護兒帳內，母喪，護兒遣使襚弔之。\n\n——《新唐书/卷089》[^zhengshi]\n\n## 生平补述\n\n秦琼早年为隋将来护儿部下，后归瓦岗，再归王世充，终归唐朝，随李世民征战四方：破宋金刚、刘黑闼，讨王世充、窦建德，屡立战功，以勇武著称于唐军之中。[^xintangshu-index]\n\n秦琼位列凌烟阁二十四功臣，是唐朝开国的代表将领之一。民间以秦琼与尉迟恭为门神，其忠勇形象深入人心，秦琼也由此成为后世最为人熟知的唐初武将之一。[^xintangshu-index]\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：唐朝开国将领[^wikidata]\n- 所属朝代或国家：隋朝、唐朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：[[place_jinan|济南市]][^wikidata]\n\n## 演义及游戏中的形象\n\n- [[person_cn_q137972285|秦琼]]（《西游记》人物）", "url": "/people/qin-shubao.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 571, "display": "571年" }, "death": { "year": 638, "display": "638年" }, "occupations": [ "军人" ], "personCategory": "历史人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q123785994", "type": "person", "title": "董袭", "slug": "dong-xi-sanguo-q123785994", "previousSlugs": [ "dong-xi-sanguo-q123785994-q982915" ], "summary": "董袭是《三国演义》中的人物形象：江东将领，追随孙策、孙权征战；原型为历史人物董袭。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q123785994", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123785994" }, { "id": "sanguo-novel", "title": "《三国演义》", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9", "locator": "小说情节" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:51:19+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## 人物形象\n\n本条目写的是《三国演义》中的董袭形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q982915|董袭]]（另有历史条目），以下事迹按小说情节叙述。[^sanguo-novel]\n\n董袭是江东将领，早年追随孙策平定江东，孙权主政后仍为吴军将领。小说中董袭多作为孙吴军中的勇将、先锋出现，随军参与江东与荆州、合肥方向的战事，戏份不算很多，是孙吴军中资历较老的将领之一。 [^wikidata]\n\n董袭是江东将领，早年追随孙策平定江东，是孙氏创业一代的老将。孙策死后，董袭继续追随孙权，是江东政权从创业到守成的过渡人物：他身上既有孙策时代开疆拓土的勇武，也承担着孙权时代守卫江东的职责。小说中董袭多作为孙吴军中的勇将、先锋出现，随军参与江东与荆州、合肥方向的战事。\n\n与东吴的谋士、都督相比，董袭的形象更接近纯粹的武将：不以谋略见长，而以勇猛与资历立身。他的名字反复出现在吴军的出征序列中，说明孙权对这类老将的倚重。小说没有为董袭安排独立的成名之战，他的价值正在于这种持续的在场：江东老将一代代凋零，而董袭始终站在吴军的阵列之中。[^sanguo-novel]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/dong-xi-sanguo-q123785994.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "occupations": [ "武将" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q124625729", "type": "person", "title": "孙亮", "slug": "sun-liang-sanguo-q124625729", "previousSlugs": [ "sun-liang-sanguo-q124625729-q470034" ], "summary": "孙亮是《三国演义》中的人物形象：吴帝，孙权幼子，被孙綝所废；原型为历史人物孙亮。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q124625729", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124625729" }, { "id": "sanguo-novel", "title": "《三国演义》", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9", "locator": "小说情节" }, { "id": "sanguo-novel-wikisource", "title": "《三国演义》维基文库本", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9", "locator": "小说情节" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:51:18+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 6, "body": "## 人物形象\n\n本条目写的是《三国演义》中的孙亮形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q470034|孙亮]]（另有历史条目），以下事迹按小说情节叙述。[^sanguo-novel]\n\n孙亮是孙权的幼子，孙权死后继位为吴帝，年幼时由诸葛恪、孙峻等人辅政。孙亮亲政后谋诛权臣孙綝，事泄被废为会稽王。小说中的孙亮是东吴后期幼主、被权臣所废的皇帝形象。 [^wikidata]\n\n孙亮为孙权幼子，年幼即位，诸葛恪、孙峻、孙綝先后专权，皇帝形同傀儡。小说写孙亮朝时，权臣相继专擅是贯穿始终的线索。[^sanguo-novel-wikisource]\n孙亮欲诛孙綝事泄，被废为会稽王。小说借孙亮的亲政未成即被废，写出吴宫权臣相继专权的局面之深：皇帝欲夺权而不得，反为权臣所废，吴朝的衰败由此加深。[^sanguo-novel-wikisource]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/sun-liang-sanguo-q124625729.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "occupations": [ "君主" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q124461406", "type": "person", "title": "孙资", "slug": "sun-zi-sanguo-q124461406", "previousSlugs": [ "sun-zi-sanguo-q124461406-q10127095" ], "summary": "孙资是《三国演义》中的人物形象：曹魏重臣，中书令，与刘放并为中枢官员；原型为历史人物孙资。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q124461406", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124461406" }, { "id": "sanguo-novel", "title": "《三国演义》", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9", "locator": "小说情节" }, { "id": "sanguo-novel-wikisource", "title": "《三国演义》维基文库本", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9", "locator": "小说情节" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T14:50:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "## 人物形象\n\n本条目写的是《三国演义》中的孙资形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q10127095|孙资]]（另有历史条目），以下事迹按小说情节叙述。[^sanguo-novel]\n\n孙资是曹魏重臣，任中书令，与刘放一同主持曹魏中枢机要，历仕曹丕、曹叡两朝。小说中的孙资是曹魏中枢的老臣形象。 孙资与刘放并称，两人长期主持曹魏中枢机要，是曹丕、曹叡时期不可或缺的近臣。 [^wikidata]\n\n孙资与刘放同掌中书，参预机密，历曹丕、曹叡两朝，是魏朝中枢省的核心人物。诏令的起草、机密的参决，多经二人之手，小说借此写出中书省在魏朝权力结构中的分量。[^sanguo-novel-wikisource]\n曹叡病重托孤之际，中书省的进言左右了辅政人选的最后定局。小说写孙资、刘放处在这一关口：他们不是沙场将领，却以一纸诏书影响着魏朝后期的政局走向。[^sanguo-novel-wikisource]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/sun-zi-sanguo-q124461406.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "occupations": [ "政治人物" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q17031825", "type": "person", "title": "豆官", "slug": "dou-guan", "aliases": [ "Douguan" ], "previousSlugs": [ "douguan-q17031825", "douguan" ], "summary": "豆官，红楼梦人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q17031825", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17031825" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "豆官（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%B3%E5%AE%98" }, { "id": "wiki-person_cn_q17031825", "title": "红楼梦人物列表（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/红楼梦人物列表", "locator": "人物条目" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:42:36+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "## 概况\n\n豆官是《红楼梦》中的人物，大观园中梨香院的小戏子，唱旦角。她在贾府戏班中属年幼的一批戏子，与藕官、蕊官等人同为大观园戏班成员。[^wiki-person_cn_q17031825]\n\n贾府戏班解散后，豆官等小戏子的去向在小说中不再详叙，其事迹仅见于大观园戏班的日常描写。[^wiki-person_cn_q17031825]\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：红楼梦人物[^wikidata]\n- 作品设定的朝代或国家：国朝[^wikidata]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q8265|《红楼梦》]]\n\n## 结语\n\n在《红楼梦》的人物谱系中，这一人物属于贾府及其姻亲、仆役构成的人物群像，其命运起伏与贾府由盛转衰的主线相互映照，是理解小说社会图景的一块拼图。[^wiki-person_cn_q17031825]", "url": "/people/dou-guan.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "occupations": [ "演员", "丫鬟" ], "disambiguation": "《红楼梦》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q123784468", "type": "person", "title": "笮融", "slug": "ze-rong-sanguo-q123784468", "aliases": [ "筰融" ], "previousSlugs": [ "ze-rong-sanguo-q123784468-q169297" ], "summary": "笮融是《三国演义》中的人物形象（原型为历史人物笮融），在小说中为陶谦部将，以佞佛、起浮屠寺闻名，后败走被杀。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q123784468", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123784468" }, { "id": "sanguo", "title": "《三国演义》（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/三国演义" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:42:35+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 小说中的形象\n\n以下为《三国演义》中的小说形象，事迹以小说情节为准，与历史原型条目所载正史事迹不完全相同。笮融为陶谦部将，丹阳人，以佞佛闻名。小说写笮融在徐州任职时大起浮屠寺、广施佛事，又先后杀赵昱、薛礼，劫掠广陵、下邳；刘繇、孙策相继讨伐笮融，笮融败走山中，最终被杀，徐州的笮融之乱就此平定。[^sanguo]小说对这类人物的描写多为点到为止，其生平细节以原型条目所载为准，本条仅记其在小说中的身份与出场。[^sanguo]\n## 人物形象\n\n《三国演义》中的笮融形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q169297|笮融]][^wikidata]。\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/ze-rong-sanguo-q123784468.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q123751973", "type": "person", "title": "段煨", "slug": "duan-wei-sanguo-q123751973", "previousSlugs": [ "duan-wei-sanguo-q123751973-q855614" ], "summary": "段煨是《三国演义》中的人物形象（原型为历史人物段煨），在小说中为董卓旧部，屯兵华阴，献帝东归时出场。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q123751973", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123751973" }, { "id": "sanguo", "title": "《三国演义》（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/三国演义" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:42:13+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 小说中的形象\n\n以下为《三国演义》中的小说形象，事迹以小说情节为准，与历史原型条目所载正史事迹不完全相同。段煨为董卓旧部将领，屯兵华阴。小说写李傕、郭汜之乱后，献帝东归途中经过华阴，段煨以董卓旧部的身份出场，献帝一行在华阴得到补给后继续东行，段煨成为献帝东归路线上的一位地方将领。[^sanguo]小说对这类人物的描写多为点到为止，其生平细节以原型条目所载为准，本条仅记其在小说中的身份与出场。[^sanguo]\n## 人物形象\n\n《三国演义》中的段煨形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q855614|段煨]][^wikidata]。\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/duan-wei-sanguo-q123751973.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q123668027", "type": "person", "title": "荀爽", "slug": "xun-shuang-sanguo-q123668027", "aliases": [ "慈明" ], "previousSlugs": [ "xun-shuang-sanguo-q123668027-q5250341" ], "summary": "荀爽是《三国演义》中的人物形象（原型为历史人物荀爽），在小说中为东汉名士、荀彧之叔，在董卓擅权情节中出场。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q123668027", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123668027" }, { "id": "sanguo", "title": "《三国演义》（维基文库）", "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/三国演义" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:41:04+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 小说中的形象\n\n以下为《三国演义》中的小说形象，事迹以小说情节为准，与历史原型条目所载正史事迹不完全相同。荀爽字慈明，颍川人，东汉名士，荀彧的叔父。小说写董卓擅权时，荀爽以司空等朝臣身份出场，代表了当时朝中士大夫对董卓专权的不满与无奈。[^sanguo]小说对这类人物的描写多为点到为止，其生平细节以原型条目所载为准，本条仅记其在小说中的身份与出场。[^sanguo]\n## 人物形象\n\n《三国演义》中的荀爽形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q5250341|荀爽]][^wikidata]。\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/xun-shuang-sanguo-q123668027.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q672993", "type": "person", "title": "关兴", "slug": "guan-xing", "aliases": [ "Guan Xing" ], "previousSlugs": [ "guan-xing-q672993" ], "summary": "关兴（193年—234年），中国人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q672993", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672993" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "关兴（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E8%88%88" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:33:56+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 7, "body": "## 生平\n\n关兴（？—3世纪），字安国，三国时期蜀汉将领关羽之子。关羽死后，关兴继承了汉寿亭侯的爵位。他年少时便有名声，风评颇高，丞相诸葛亮对他十分器重；陈寿评其“少有令问，丞相诸葛亮深器异之”。关兴弱冠之后，曾任侍中、中监军，可惜数年之后便去世了。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 关兴在蜀汉的位置\n\n关羽兵败麦城被杀后，关兴继承了父亲的汉寿亭侯爵位。他年少有名，丞相诸葛亮对他十分器重，弱冠后任侍中、中监军，可惜数年后就去世了。关兴的儿子关统后来尚公主，关氏一门在蜀汉仍受优待。关兴在小说《三国演义》中的形象与史事多有出入，详见演义形象条目。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：中国[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：中国[^wikidata]\n\n## 演义及游戏中的形象\n\n- [[person_cn_q124377575|关兴]]（《三国演义》人物）", "url": "/people/guan-xing.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "birth": { "year": 193, "display": "193年" }, "death": { "year": 234, "display": "234年" }, "occupations": [ "军人", "政治人物" ], "nativePlace": "中國", "personCategory": "历史人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q19855471", "type": "person", "title": "卞祥", "slug": "bian-xiang", "aliases": [ "Bian Xiang" ], "previousSlugs": [ "bian-xiang-q19855471" ], "summary": "卞祥，水浒传人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q19855471", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19855471" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "卞祥（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%9E%E7%A5%A5" }, { "id": "wiki-person_cn_q19855471", "title": "水浒传人物列表（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/水浒传人物列表", "locator": "人物条目" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:31:01+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 概况\n\n卞祥是《水浒传》中的人物，原为晋宁府一带的山寨主，后归附梁山。卞祥在小说中出场较少，属梁山外围人物，现存叙述仅能确认其水浒人物身份，不宜再作无据发挥。[^wiki-person_cn_q19855471]\n\n卞祥所属的晋宁一带山寨人物群，是《水浒传》中梁山招纳各路山寨人马叙事的一部分，其个人战绩在小说中未作铺陈。[^wiki-person_cn_q19855471]\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：水浒传人物[^wikidata]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70827|《水浒传》]]", "url": "/people/bian-xiang.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《水浒传》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q15927584", "type": "person", "title": "贾琏", "slug": "jia-lian", "aliases": [ "Jia Lian" ], "previousSlugs": [ "jia-lian-q15927584" ], "summary": "贾琏，红楼梦人物，贾赦之子。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q15927584", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15927584" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "贾琏（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E7%90%8F" }, { "id": "wiki-person_cn_q15927584", "title": "红楼梦人物列表（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/红楼梦人物列表", "locator": "人物条目" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:27:19+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 概况\n\n贾琏是《红楼梦》中的人物，贾赦之子，荣国府的实际管家人之一，娶王熙凤为妻。他在贾府中负责对外应酬、采办与家务管理，是荣国府与外界打交道的主要人物。[^wiki-person_cn_q15927584]\n\n贾琏风流好色，先后与多姑娘、鲍二家的等人有染，又偷娶尤二姐，终致尤二姐之死；贾府败落后，贾琏被革职流放。[^wiki-person_cn_q15927584]\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：红楼梦人物，贾赦之子[^wikidata]\n- 作品设定的朝代或国家：国朝[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：http://www.wikidata.org/.well-known/genid/6c8e9601ef50afc8d8fe00f0ba1366b7[^wikidata]\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q8265|《红楼梦》]]", "url": "/people/jia-lian.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《红楼梦》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q137971356", "type": "person", "title": "房玄龄", "slug": "fang-xuanling-xiyou-q137971356", "previousSlugs": [ "fang-xuanling-xiyou-q137971356-q736647" ], "summary": "房玄龄是《西游记》中的人物形象，原型为历史人物房玄龄。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q137971356", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137971356" }, { "id": "wiki-person_cn_q137971356", "title": "西游记（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/西游记", "locator": "人物条目" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:26:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 概况\n\n本条目记述《西游记》中的房玄龄形象，原型为历史人物房玄龄，两者同名但条目分立，不可混同。小说中，唐初名相房玄龄在小说中的同名形象，属唐太宗朝臣背景人物，在唐太宗故事线中出现；其生平事迹以历史原型条目为准，本条目不重复原型传记。[^wiki-person_cn_q137971356]\n\n在小说结构中，这类唐初人物主要服务于唐太宗取经缘起的叙事背景，而非取经路上的主角人物。[^wiki-person_cn_q137971356]\n## 人物形象\n\n《西游记》中的房玄龄形象，原型为历史人物[[person_cn_q736647|房玄龄]][^wikidata]。\n\n## 出现于\n\n- [[work_cn_q70784|《西游记》]]", "url": "/people/fang-xuanling-xiyou-q137971356.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "disambiguation": "《西游记》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1133588", "type": "person", "title": "董荼那", "slug": "dong-tu-na", "aliases": [ "Dongtuna" ], "previousSlugs": [ "dongtuna-q1133588", "dongtuna" ], "summary": "董荼那是《三国演义》中的虚构人物，南蛮五溪洞人，孟获手下的第二洞元帥，维基数据记其卒年为225年（作品设定）。他曾与金环三结、阿会喃一同守五溪洞迎战蜀军，后来擒住醉酒的孟获献给蜀军。[^wikidata][^zhwiki]", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-literature", "category-people", "category-fictional-characters" ], "tags": [ "tag-fictional-character", "tag-classics", "tag-four-great-classics" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1133588", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133588" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "董荼那（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E8%8D%BC%E9%82%A3" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:22:21+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "董荼那是《三国演义》里的虚构人物，另有写作董荼奴的异写。他是孟获手下的南蛮将领，作品设定的朝代为蜀汉，卒年为225年（作品设定）。[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## 身份\n\n他是南蛮五溪洞人，南蛮王孟获配下的第二洞元帅。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 在小说中的经历\n\n他与同僚金环三结、阿会喃一起守备五溪洞，去迎战蜀汉第一次南征的军队，但中了埋伏，兵败被擒，随后又被释放。他逃到泸水以南后，因蜀将马岱偷渡过河、占领夹山峪，受命前去阻挡马岱并夺回粮道。出战时，他反被马岱辱骂不知羞耻，满脸通红地撤兵。回到本寨以后，他把喝醉的孟获捉住，献给蜀军并得到犒赏。孟获第二次被蜀军释放后，董荼那被暗杀，尸体与阿会喃的一起被丢在河边。这些情节见于《三国演义》第八十七回与第八十八回。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 简介：《三国演义》虚构人物，孟获部将[^wikidata]\n- 异写：董荼奴[^wikidata]\n- 作品设定的朝代或国家：蜀汉[^wikidata]\n- 卒年：225年（作品设定）[^wikidata]\n- 出现于：[[work_cn_q70806|《三国演义》]]", "url": "/people/dong-tu-na.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 225, "display": "225年" }, "occupations": [ "军官" ], "disambiguation": "《三国演义》人物", "isFictional": true, "personCategory": "文学人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q1069307", "type": "person", "title": "蹋顿", "slug": "ta-dun", "aliases": [ "Tadun" ], "previousSlugs": [ "tadun-q1069307", "tadun" ], "summary": "蹋顿（？—207年），东汉末年辽西一带的乌桓首领，曾代年幼的楼班任单于，后协助袁尚对抗曹操。建安十二年白狼山之战中兵败被杀。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q1069307", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069307" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "蹋顿（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B9%8B%E9%A0%93" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T11:20:33+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 8, "body": "蹋顿是东汉末年活动在辽西郡一带的乌桓首领，也写作蹹顿，卒于207年，出生年份不详。[^wikidata][^zhwiki]\n\n## 代立单于\n\n汉献帝初平年间，丘力居单于去世，他的儿子楼班年幼，侄子蹋顿有勇力和智略，于是由他代立为单于，统领辽西、右北平、辽东三郡的乌桓部落，各部都听从他的号令。建安四年（199年），袁绍与公孙瓒相争，蹋顿出兵协助袁绍，击破了公孙瓒。袁绍因此假借朝廷诏命，赐给蹋顿和上谷的难楼、辽东的苏仆延、右北平的乌延等人单于称号和印绶。后来楼班长大，难楼、苏仆延带着部众奉立楼班为单于，蹋顿便退位称王，仍然总管乌桓的事务。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 助袁尚与白狼山之败\n\n袁绍死后，建安十年（205年），袁尚被曹操击败，转而投靠蹋顿。当时逃到乌桓的幽州、冀州官民有十多万户，袁尚想借这些人力夺回河北。三郡乌桓的军队进攻犷平，被曹操打败，逃了回去。建安十二年（207年）曹操亲自出征乌桓，八月在柳城（今辽宁锦西西北）的白狼山大破乌桓与袁氏的联军，曹纯所部虎豹骑俘获蹋顿，蹋顿在阵前被张辽斩杀。曹操随后追击，收降胡人、汉人二十多万，都迁到内地，乌桓后来逐渐与汉人融合。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 评价\n\n陈寿《三国志》说，蹋顿骁勇，边地长老把他比作冒顿，他倚仗地处偏远，敢于收留亡命之人，在各族中称雄。范晔《后汉书》称他凶桀、据有辽西之地；叶适称曹操亲征，一战就斩了他。《三国演义》第三十三回写到他在袁尚、袁熙兵败北逃后仍然助其抗曹，被张辽斩于马下。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 姓名：蹋顿，也作蹹顿[^zhwiki]\n- 卒年：207年[^wikidata]\n- 所属：乌桓[^zhwiki]\n- 衍生形象：[[person_cnv_q1069307_q70806|蹋顿]]（《三国演义》人物）", "url": "/people/ta-dun.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 207, "display": "207年" }, "personCategory": "历史人物" }, { "id": "person_cn_q708436", "type": "person", "title": "金旋", "slug": "jin-xuan", "aliases": [ "Jin Xuan" ], "previousSlugs": [ "jin-xuan-q708436" ], "summary": "金旋（？—209年），东汉人物。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history", "category-people", "category-historical-figures" ], "tags": [ "tag-ancient-china" ], "sources": [ { "id": "wikidata", "title": "Wikidata Q708436", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708436" }, { "id": "zhwiki", "title": "金旋（维基百科）", "url": "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%97%8B" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-25T00:00:00+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-02T10:58:43+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 5, "body": "## 生平\n\n金旋，字元机，京兆人，东汉末年政治人物，历任黄门侍郎、汉阳太守，征拜议郎，迁中郎将，领武陵太守。赤壁之战后，刘备南征荆州四郡，《三国志·先主传》记载武陵太守金旋与长沙太守韩玄、桂阳太守赵范、零陵太守刘度皆降；但裴松之注引《三辅决录注》则称金旋“为备所攻劫死”，两种记载有冲突，本条从略并存两说。[^zhwiki]\n\n## 基本信息\n\n- 所属朝代或国家：东汉[^wikidata]\n- 出生地：[[place_xian|西安市]][^wikidata]\n\n## 演义及游戏中的形象\n\n- [[person_cn_q124311425|金旋]]（《三国演义》人物）", "url": "/people/jin-xuan.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh", "en" ], "death": { "year": 209, "display": "209年" }, "occupations": [ "政治人物" ], "personCategory": "历史人物" }, { "id": "work_ieee_p693_d18_jul_2018", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std P693/D18, Jul 2018", "slug": "ieee-std-p693-d18-jul-2018", "aliases": [ "P693/D18, Jul 2018", "P693/D18, Jul 2018 - IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations" ], "summary": "IEEE Std P693/D18, Jul 2018 是电气电子工程师学会的草案，题为“IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），著录年份为 2018 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std P693/D18, Jul 2018 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=8450643", "locator": "standard_number=P693/D18, Jul 2018; status=Inactive; modifier=Draft" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:30:31+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:30:31+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std P693/D18, Jul 2018**（IEEE Approved Draft Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]于 2018 年 7 月形成的草案。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），主题领域包括 Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems、Geoscience、Power, Energy and Industry Applications[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-p693-d18-jul-2018.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2018, "precision": "year", "display": "2018年" }, "language": "英语" }, { "id": "work_ieee_958_2003", "type": "work", "title": "IEEE Std 958-2003", "slug": "ieee-std-958-2003", "aliases": [ "958-2003", "958-2003 - IEEE Guide for Application of AC Adjustable-Speed Drives on 2400 to 13,800 Volt Auxiliary Systems in Electric Power Generating Stations" ], "summary": "IEEE Std 958-2003 是电气电子工程师学会的技术标准，题为“IEEE Guide for Application of AC Adjustable-Speed Drives on 2400 to 13,800 Volt Auxiliary Systems in Electric Power Generating Stations”；公开目录标为非现行（Inactive），已撤回（Withdrawn），著录年份为 2004 年。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-science-technology" ], "tags": [ "tag-ieee-standard" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "IEEE Std 958-2003 — IEEE Xplore 题录", "author": "IEEE", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=9134", "locator": "standard_number=958-2003; status=Inactive; modifier=Withdrawn" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "IEEE Xplore All Standards（KBART）", "author": "IEEE", "date": "2026-11-01", "url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/otherfiles/IEEEXplore_Global_All-Standards.txt" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-01T22:27:22+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-01T22:27:22+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**IEEE Std 958-2003**（IEEE Guide for Application of AC Adjustable-Speed Drives on 2400 to 13,800 Volt Auxiliary Systems in Electric Power Generating Stations）是[[organization_ieee|电气电子工程师学会]]的技术标准。公开目录将其标为非现行（Inactive），已撤回（Withdrawn），著录年份为 2004 年，主题领域包括 Power, Energy and Industry Applications[^s1]。参见[[concept_ieee_standards|IEEE 标准]]。", "url": "/works/ieee-std-958-2003.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "workKind": "standard", "published": { "year": 2004, "precision": "year", "display": "2004年" }, "language": "英语" } ], "lang": "zh", "pagination": { "page": 190, "pageSize": 50, "total": 75050, "pageCount": 1000, "prevUrl": "/zh/hot-189.json", "nextUrl": "/zh/hot-191.json" } }