{ "contentStorage": "postgres", "sameNames": [ { "id": "organization_us_department_of_education", "type": "organization", "title": "美国教育部", "slug": "us-department-of-education", "aliases": [ "United States Department of Education", "ED" ], "summary": "美国教育部是美国联邦政府主管教育事务的内阁部门，负责联邦学生资助、教育数据与研究、教育公平与民权保障，2025 年起面临裁撤与大幅裁员。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-history" ], "tags": [], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "United States Department of Education", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Education_(United_States)" }, { "id": "s2", "title": "U.S. Department of Education", "url": "https://www.ed.gov" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-05T13:57:45+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-05T13:57:45+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "## 概述\n\n美国教育部（United States Department of Education，ED）是美国联邦政府的内阁级部门，由教育部长领导[^s1]。该部自称“美国的教育机构”，负责执行联邦教育法律，服务全美各州数十万所学校与高校[^s1]。2025 年时，该部约有 4200 名雇员，是内阁部门中规模最小的之一，2024 财年预算约 2380 亿美元[^s1]。\n\n## 历史沿革\n\n1867 年，国会曾设立教育部，但一年后即降格为内政部下属的教育办公室，此后长期以办公室形式存在，先后隶属内政部与卫生、教育与福利部[^s1]。1979 年 10 月 17 日，卡特总统签署《教育部组织法》，将卫生、教育与福利部的教育职能分出，设立内阁级教育部；该部于 1980 年 5 月 4 日开始运作，卫生、教育与福利部同时更名为卫生与公众服务部[^s1]。2015 年，奥巴马总统签署《每一个学生成功法》，取代《不让一个孩子掉队法》[^s1]。2025 年 3 月 11 日，该部宣布裁员近半，雇员由约 4100 人减至约 2100 人；3 月 20 日，特朗普总统签署行政令，要求在法律允许的最大范围内关闭该部，但彻底关闭须经国会批准，截至 2026 年 11 月该部仍在运作[^s1]。\n\n## 主要职能\n\n该部自定的四项核心职能为：制定联邦教育财政资助政策并分配、监督相关资金；收集全美学校数据并传播研究成果；聚焦教育关键议题并提出改革建议；禁止歧视、保障教育平等机会[^s1]。具体工作包括管理联邦学生资助（助学贷款与佩尔助学金）、执行《初等与中等教育法》第一章对弱势学生的资助、保障残疾学生受教育权、执行校园民权法律[^s1]。\n\n## 组织结构\n\n部长下设副部长与次部长，分管各业务办公室[^s1]。主要机构包括：联邦学生资助办公室、民权办公室、教育科学研究所（含国家教育统计中心）、初等与中等教育办公室、英语习得办公室、特殊教育与康复服务办公室、高等教育办公室、职业与技术及成人教育办公室[^s1]。另有国家教育评估理事会等咨询机构，以及受联邦资助的高等学府加劳德特大学与霍华德大学[^s1]。\n\n## 现任负责人\n\n现任部长为琳达·麦克马洪（Linda McMahon），2025 年 3 月 3 日宣誓就职，为第 13 任教育部长[^s1]。\n\n## 总部与联系方式\n\n总部位于华盛顿特区林登·约翰逊教育部大楼，地址为 400 Maryland Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20202[^s1]。官网：https://www.ed.gov[^s2]。\n\n## 来源\n\n本文依据维基百科“美国教育部”条目及美国教育部官网编写。", "url": "/organizations/us-department-of-education.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "orgKind": "政府机构" }, { "id": "place_balkesir_koca_seyit_airport", "type": "place", "title": "巴勒克埃西尔Koca Seyit机场", "slug": "balkesir-koca-seyit-airport", "aliases": [ "EDO", "LTFD", "Balıkesir Koca Seyit Airport" ], "summary": "巴勒克埃西尔Koca Seyit机场是位于土耳其（Edremit）的大型机场，IATA 代码 EDO，ICAO 代码 LTFD。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-transit", "category-aviation" ], "tags": [ "tag-airport" ], "sources": [ { "id": "ourairports", "title": "OurAirports 公开机场数据集", "author": "OurAirports", "url": "https://ourairports.com/data/" }, { "id": "enwiki", "title": "Balıkesir Koca Seyit Airport（英文维基百科）", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir_Koca_Seyit_Airport" } ], "createdAt": "2026-10-29T14:19:45+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-10-30T00:26:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 2, "body": "巴勒克埃西尔Koca Seyit机场（IATA 代码 EDO，ICAO 代码 LTFD）位于土耳其（Edremit），属大型机场，海拔约 15 米，提供定期航班服务。机场坐标为北纬 39.5525°、东经 27.0102°。[^ourairports]", "url": "/places/balkesir-koca-seyit-airport.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "placeKind": "airport", "coordinates": { "latitude": 39.552533, "longitude": 27.010192 }, "adminArea": "土耳其" } ], "title": "埃多", "description": "埃多是尼日利亚的一级行政区，首府Benin City。", "url": "/zh/places/ng-edo.html", "entity": { "id": "place_ng_edo", "type": "place", "title": "埃多", "slug": "ng-edo", "aliases": [ "Edo", "ED" ], "summary": "埃多是尼日利亚的一级行政区，首府Benin City。", "status": "published", "categories": [ "category-geography" ], "tags": [ "tag-admin-division" ], "sources": [ { "id": "s1", "title": "States of Nigeria", "author": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Nigeria", "locator": "2026-11-09 访问" } ], "createdAt": "2026-11-09T10:55:41+08:00", "updatedAt": "2026-11-09T10:55:41+08:00", "updatedBy": "user:admin", "revision": 1, "body": "**埃多**（Edo，ED）是[[place_nigeria_country|尼日利亚]]的一级行政区，首府Benin City。现行州表包含各州和联邦首都地区。[^s1]。", "url": "/places/ng-edo.html", "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "placeKind": "state" }, "entities": null, "tags": [ { "id": "tag-admin-division", "slug": "admin-division", "name": "行政区划", "description": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。", "names": { "ar": "تقسيم إداري", "de": "Verwaltungsgliederung", "en": "Administrative division", "es": "División administrativa", "fr": "Division administrative", "hi": "प्रशासनिक विभाजन", "id": "Pembagian administratif", "it": "Divisione amministrativa", "ja": "行政区画", "ko": "행정 구역", "ms": "Bahagian pentadbiran", "nl": "Bestuurlijke indeling", "pt": "Divisão administrativa", "ru": "Административное деление", "th": "เขตการปกครอง", "tr": "İdari bölüm", "vi": "Đơn vị hành chính", "zh": "行政区划", "zh-hant": "行政區劃" }, "descriptions": { "ar": "المقاطعات والولايات والمناطق على مختلف المستويات وتطورها التاريخي.", "de": "Provinzen, Präfekturen und Kreise sowie ihre historische Entwicklung.", "en": "Provinces, prefectures and counties, with their historical evolution.", "es": "Provincias, prefecturas y condados, y su evolución histórica.", "fr": "Provinces, préfectures et comtés, et leur évolution historique.", "hi": "प्रांत, प्रीफ़ेक्चर और ज़िले तथा उनका ऐतिहासिक विकास।", "id": "Provinsi, prefektur, dan kabupaten beserta perkembangan historisnya.", "it": "Divisioni a livello provinciale, prefettizio e distrettuale e la loro evoluzione storica.", "ja": "省・地・県各級の行政区画とその歴史的沿革。", "ko": "성·지·현 각급 행정 구역과 그 역사적 연혁.", "ms": "Wilayah peringkat provinsi, prefektur dan daerah serta perkembangan sejarahnya.", "nl": "Provincies, prefecturen en districten en hun historische ontwikkeling.", "pt": "Divisões provinciais, prefeituras e condados e a sua evolução histórica.", "ru": "Провинции, округа и уезды, а также их историческое развитие.", "th": "เขตการปกครองระดับมณฑล จังหวัด และอำเภอ ตลอดจนพัฒนาการทางประวัติศาสตร์", "tr": "İl, vilayet ve ilçe düzeyindeki idari birimler ve tarihsel gelişimi.", "vi": "Các cấp tỉnh, địa khu, huyện và quá trình phát triển lịch sử.", "zh": "省、地、县各级行政区及其历史沿革。", "zh-hant": "省、地、縣各級行政區及其歷史沿革。" }, "count": 39322 } ], "relations": [ { "id": "relation_ng_edo_in", "fromId": "place_ng_edo", "relationType": "located_in", "toId": "place_nigeria_country", "role": "州", "sourceRefs": [ { "entityId": "place_ng_edo", "sourceId": "s1" } ], "label": "位于", "targetId": "place_nigeria_country", "targetTitle": "尼日利亚", "targetUrl": "/zh/places/nigeria.html", "incoming": false } ], "versions": [ { "revision": 1, "updatedAt": "2026-11-09T10:55:41+08:00", "message": "当前版本", "hasSnapshot": true, "url": "/zh/places/ng-edo/at/1.html" } ], "lang": "zh", "availableLangs": [ "zh" ], "infoFields": [ { "key": "place_kind", "label": "地点类型", "value": "州" } ], "relationsTotal": 1, "relationCounts": [ { "relationType": "located_in", "incoming": false, "label": "位于", "total": 1 } ] }