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Karya · work_nobel_prize_2008
2008 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 5 个奖项、11 位得主，获奖名单在 2008-10-06 至 2008-10-13 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 3 位，诺贝尔化学奖 3 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位，瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 1 位。
2008 年诺贝尔奖是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 2008-10-06 至 2008-10-13 陆续公布[1]。
| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |
|---|---|---|
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 2008-10-07 | 3 |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 2008-10-08 | 3 |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 2008-10-06 | 3 |
| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 2008-10-09 | 1 |
| 瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 | 2008-10-13 | 1 |
得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。
| Tahap | Name | 获奖理由 | 获奖时所属机构 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 南部阳一郎[1] | for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics | Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago |
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 小林诚[1] | for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature | High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) |
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 益川敏英[1] | for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature | Kyoto Sangyo University |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 下村修[2] | for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP | Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 马丁·查尔菲[2] | for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP | Columbia University |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 钱永健[2] | for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP | University of California |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森[3] | for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer | German Cancer Research Center |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西[3] | for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus | Regulation of Retroviral Infections Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 吕克·蒙塔尼耶[3] | for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus | World Foundation for AIDS Research and Prevention |
| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 让-马里·古斯塔夫·勒克莱齐奥[4] | author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization | |
| 瑞典中央银行纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖 | 保罗·克鲁格曼[5] | for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity | Princeton University |