knowledge
Werken · work_nobel_prize_1954
1954 年诺贝尔奖由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项基金颁发，本年度共颁出 4 个奖项、7 位得主，获奖名单在 1954-10-21 至 1954-11-03 陆续公布：诺贝尔物理学奖 2 位，诺贝尔化学奖 1 位，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 3 位，诺贝尔文学奖 1 位。
1954 年诺贝尔奖是按阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔遗嘱设立、由诺贝尔基金会管理的奖项在这一年的得主名单。本年度得主名单在 1954-10-21 至 1954-11-03 陆续公布[1]。
| 奖项 | 公布日期 | 得主人数 |
|---|---|---|
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 1954-11-03 | 2 |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 1954-11-03 | 1 |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 1954-10-21 | 3 |
| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 1954-10-28 | 1 |
得主姓名、获奖理由与奖金份额均以诺贝尔奖官方公布为准[1]；各奖项的详细颁奖决定与得主简介见对应奖项的官方页面。
| Niveau | Name | 获奖理由 | 获奖时所属机构 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 马克斯·玻恩[1] | for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction | Edinburgh University |
| 诺贝尔物理学奖 | 瓦尔特·博特[1] | for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith | University of Heidelberg |
| 诺贝尔化学奖 | 莱纳斯·鲍林[2] | for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances | California Institute of Technology (Caltech) |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 约翰·富兰克林·恩德斯[3] | for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue | Harvard Medical School |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 托马斯·哈克尔·韦勒[3] | for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue | Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center |
| 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 | 弗雷德里克·查普曼·罗宾斯[3] | for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue | Western Reserve University |
| 诺贝尔文学奖 | 欧内斯特·海明威[4] | for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in <I>The Old Man and the Sea,</I> and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style |